diospyros and Obesity

Metabolic syndrome has become a global health care problem since it is rapidly increasing worldwide. The search for alternative natural supplements may have potential benefits for obesity and diabetes patients.

Topics: Animals; Diospyros; Fruit; Lipids; Metabolic Syndrome; Molecular Docking Simulation; Obesity; Oligosaccharides; Plant Extracts; Zebrafish

Proanthocyanidins is a kind of polyphenol that had been found with strong prevention ability on high fat diet induced obesity. However, whether proanthocyanidins with different polymerization degree showed different anti-obesity ability is unclear. Therefore, in this study, the effects of persimmon proanthocyanidins (P-PCs) and persimmon oligo-proanthocyanidins (P-OPCs) on high-fat diet induced obesity were systematically investigated. The findings indicated that both of P-PCs and P-OPCs significantly reduced the body weight, and P-PCs showed stronger anti-obesity ability compared with P-OPCs, P-OPCs seemed with stronger ability on improvement of insulin resistance. Furthermore, gut microbiota results indicated that the composition of the gut microbiota was changed after P-PCs and P-OPCs intervention in C57BL/6J mice. In addition, P-PCs exhibited strong inhibitory on the digestion of starch and fat. Above all, this study indicated that P-PCs showed stronger anti-obesity ability compared with P-OPCs.

Topics: Animals; Diet, High-Fat; Diospyros; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Obesity; Polymerization; Polyphenols; Proanthocyanidins; Starch

Bile acid-binding agents, such as cholestyramine and colesevelam, improve both cholesterol and glucose metabolism. Kaki-tannin, a polymerized condensed tannin derived from persimmon (Diospyros kaki), has been shown to have bile acid-binding capacity and a hypocholesterolemic effect. However, its effects on glucose metabolism have not been well studied, and the binding selectivity of kaki-tannin to bile acid molecules has not been reported.. In vivo experiments using mice with high-fat diet-induced obesity showed that kaki-tannin intake (20 g kg. Our findings indicate that kaki-tannin binds preferentially to bile acids with fewer hydroxy groups and has beneficial effects on glucose metabolism as well as cholesterol metabolism. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.

Topics: Animals; Anticholesteremic Agents; Bile Acids and Salts; Blood Glucose; Cholesterol; Diospyros; Fruit; Humans; Male; Mice; Obesity; Plant Extracts; Plasma; Tannins

There is significant cultivation of persimmon (Diospyros kaki) in East Asia, a plant whose fruit has abundant nutrients, including vitamins, polyphenols, and dietary fiber. Persimmon dietary supplements can benefit health by amelioration of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and obesity. There are also persimmon-based beverages produced via fermentation, such as wines and vinegars, and increasing consumption of these products in East Asia. Although there is great interest in functional foods, the health effects of fermented persimmon extract (FPE) are completely unknown. We examined the effects of FPE on the metabolic parameters of mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Our results indicated that FPE supplementation led to an approx. 15% reduction of body weight, reduced abdominal and liver fat, and reduced serum levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, and glucose. FPE also blocked the differentiation of murine 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte cells into mature adipocytes. We suggest that gallic acid is a major bioactive component of FPE, and that AMP-activated protein kinase mediates the beneficial effects of FPE and gallic acid.

Topics: 3T3-L1 Cells; Abdominal Fat; Adipocytes; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Animals; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Diospyros; Fermentation; Fruit; Gallic Acid; Intra-Abdominal Fat; Lipids; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Obesity; Plant Extracts

Diospyros (D.) lotus has been demonstrated to have antioxidant and anti‑inflammatory properties. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of D. lotus leaf water extract (DLE) on high‑fat diet (HFD)‑induced obesity in C57BL/6 mice. The present study first investigated the effect of DLE on the lipid accumulation and triglyceride (TG) contents in 3T3‑L1 cells, and the results revealed that treatment with DLE suppressed the lipid accumulation and TG level. Subsequently, the anti‑obesity effects of DLE were investigated in vivo. Oral administration of DLE reduced the body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, and liver and visceral fat weight in mice fed with a HFD. DLE administration in these mice also reduced TG, total cholesterol, low‑density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, insulin and leptin levels, as well as the atherogenic index. Furthermore, DLE administration decreased hepatic steatosis, as well as serum aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase and alkaline phosphatase levels in mice fed with HFD. It was further observed that treatment of the HFD‑fed mice with DLE prevented lipid peroxidation, while it recovered glutathione depletion and the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. In conclusion, the current study suggests that the anti‑obesity effect of DLE may provide positive insights as a potential functional food ingredient for the prevention of obesity.

Topics: 3T3-L1 Cells; Animals; Anti-Obesity Agents; Atherosclerosis; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Diet, High-Fat; Diospyros; Feeding Behavior; Insulin; Intra-Abdominal Fat; Leptin; Lipid Metabolism; Lipid Peroxidation; Lipids; Liver; Liver Function Tests; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Obesity; Oxidative Stress; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves

The aim of this study was to examine the efficiency of

Topics: 3T3-L1 Cells; Animals; Anti-Obesity Agents; Basidiomycota; Bioreactors; Diospyros; Fermentation; Lactobacillales; Lipid Metabolism; Mice; Obesity; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Triglycerides

This study investigated the effects of a flavonoid-rich ethanol extract of persimmon leaf (PL), an ethanol extract of Citrus junos Sieb (CJS), and a PL-CJS mixture (MPC) on mice fed a highfat diet (HFD). We sought to elucidate the mechanisms of biological activity of these substances using measurements of blood coagulation indices and lipid metabolism parameters. C57BL/6J mice were fed a HFD with PL (0.5% (w/w)), CJS (0.1% (w/w)), or MPC (PL 0.5%, CJS 0.1% (w/w)) for 10 weeks. In comparison with data obtained for mice in the untreated HFD group, consumption of MPC remarkably prolonged the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and prothrombin time (PT), whereas exposure to PL prolonged aPTT only. Lower levels of plasma total cholesterol, hepatic cholesterol, and erythrocyte thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, hepatic HMG-CoA reductase, and decreased SREBP-1c gene expression were observed in mice that received PL and MPC supplements compared with the respective values detected in the untreated HFD animals. Our results indicate that PL and MPC may have beneficial effects on blood circulation and lipid metabolism in obese mice.

Topics: Animals; Anticholesteremic Agents; Blood Coagulation; Cholesterol; Citrus; Diet, High-Fat; Diospyros; Ethanol; Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases; Lipid Metabolism; Liver; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Obese; Obesity; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Prothrombin; Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; Thromboplastin; Triglycerides