dinoprost and Vitiligo

In the recent decades, prostaglandins were recommended as a new therapeutic modality of stable vitiligo with promising efficacy. Therefore, we designed the current work to compare the significance of two different subtypes of prostaglandins [prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) versus prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2α)], assisted with NB-UVB phototherapy, in treatment of stable vitiligo. This study was conducted on 30 patients with stable non-segmental vitiligo. Three approximately similar vitiliginous areas were chosen in each patient and assigned into 3 groups. Each group treated with intradermal injection of either PGE2 (group I), PGF2α (group II), or saline as placebo (group III) at frequency once/week for 12 weeks. Concomitantly, all groups received NB-UVB phototherapy twice weekly for 3 months. The outcomes of this study discovered that the therapeutic efficacy of intradermal injection of either PGE2 or PGF2α assisted with NB-UVB phototherapy was comparable with non-significant difference between them in spite of being significantly higher than NB-UVB alone. However, there were a significantly earlier onset of repigmentation and higher degree of satisfaction regarding areas treated with PGE2 than those treated with PGF2α. In conclusion, both PGF2α and PGE2 intradermal injection could be considered as quite simple and affordable techniques in the treatment of stable vitiligo with no reported side effects and good patient satisfaction.

Topics: Dinoprost; Dinoprostone; Humans; Hypopigmentation; Prostaglandins; Ultraviolet Therapy; Vitiligo

F2-isoprostane is one of the members of biologically active prostaglandins. It is considered a reliable marker of oxidative stress. This study aimed at investigating and studying the hypothesis of the possible role of prostaglandin F2-alpha (PGF2α) in the pathogenesis of vitiligo and to know if there is a possibility of using it in therapy.. This case-control study involved 30 patients with nonsegmental vitiligo and 30 healthy sex- and age-matched controls over a period of 7 months. Skin biopsies were taken from lesional and nonlesional vitiliginous skin of patients and from normal skin of controls for measurement of PGF2α in tissue by ELISA.. The tissue levels of PGF2α in vitiligo patients were significantly higher in both lesional and nonlesional skin than in healthy controls (P < 0.001). The tissue levels of PGF2α in lesional skin were significantly higher than in nonlesional skin (P < 0.001).. Based on the fact that PGF2α is a reliable biomarker of oxidative stress, in addition to our results that revealed higher tissue levels of PGF2α in vitiliginous skin than in healthy skin, we can conclude that PGF2α may be incriminated in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. This finding could help in the treatment of this disease by using anti-PGF2α drugs.

Topics: Case-Control Studies; Dinoprost; F2-Isoprostanes; Humans; Infant; Skin; Vitiligo

Vitiligo is a chronic cutaneous disease characterized with hypopigmented patches that leave psychological impact on the patients. There is increasing need for new treatment modalities to shorten the duration of treatment of vitiligo with the least side effects.. To explore the effect of intralesional injection of prostaglandin F2α on the outcome of narrow band ultraviolet rays B (NBUVB) for patients with stable vitiligo.. The study included 27 stable vitiligo patients with overall symmetrical lesions. For each patient, one patch was treated with NBUVB alone (control side), while another symmetrical patch was treated with combined intralesional injection of prostaglandin F2α with NBUVB therapy, weekly for 3 months.. There was statistically significant improvement in the repigmentation in the combination group compared with NBUVB group. Side effects were minimal.. Intralesional injection of prostaglandin F2α in combination with NBUVB therapy could be considered as safe and tolerable technique for treatment of vitiligo, it shortens the duration of NBUVB therapy. Longer follow up is needed.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Combined Modality Therapy; Dinoprost; Female; Humans; Injections, Intralesional; Male; Middle Aged; Treatment Outcome; Ultraviolet Rays; Ultraviolet Therapy; Vitiligo; Young Adult

Vitiligo is an acquired and progressive hypomelanotic disease that manifests as circumscribed depigmented patches on the skin. The aetiology of vitiligo remains unclear, but recent experimental data underline the interactions between melanocytes and other typical skin cells, particularly keratinocytes. Our previous results indicate that keratinocytes from perilesional skin show the features of damaged cells. Sirtuins (silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog) 1, well-known modulators of lifespan in many species, have a role in gene repression, metabolic control, apoptosis and cell survival, DNA repair, development, inflammation, neuroprotection and healthy ageing. In the literature there is no evidence for SIRT1 signalling in vitiligo and its possible involvement in disease progression. Here, biopsies were taken from the perilesional skin of 16 patients suffering from non-segmental vitiligo and SIRT1 signalling was investigated in these cells. For the first time, a new SIRT1/Akt, also known as Protein Kinase B (PKB)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling has been revealed in vitiligo. SIRT1 regulates MAPK pathway via Akt-apoptosis signal-regulating kinase-1 and down-regulates pro-apoptotic molecules, leading to decreased oxidative stress and apoptotic cell death in perilesional vitiligo keratinocytes. We therefore propose SIRT1 activation as a novel way of protecting perilesional vitiligo keratinocytes from damage.

Topics: Acetylation; Adult; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Caspase 3; Cell Survival; Dinoprost; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Activation; Humans; Keratinocytes; MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 5; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Middle Aged; Mitochondria; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Oxidative Stress; Phosphorylation; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Reactive Oxygen Species; Resveratrol; RNA, Small Interfering; Sirtuin 1; Skin; Stilbenes; Superoxides; Vitiligo

Topics: 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; Dinoprost; Dinoprostone; Humans; Hypersensitivity, Delayed; Prostaglandin D2; Prostaglandins; Prostaglandins D; Prostaglandins E; Prostaglandins F; Psoriasis; Scleroderma, Systemic; Skin; Skin Diseases; Vitiligo