dinoprost and Rhinitis--Allergic--Seasonal

Accumulating evidence confirms the presence of pan-airway inflammation in allergic rhinitis patients. Smoking is known to affect the asthmatic airway inflammation. However, no study has evaluated the impact of smoking on airway inflammation of allergic rhinitis patients.. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of smoking on inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis, using non-invasive methods for sample collection.. Forty patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis (20 smokers and 20 non-smokers) and 30 healthy subjects (15 smokers and 15 non-smokers) were recruited for the study during pollen season. All subjects were submitted to measurement of the fraction of exhaled NO (FeNO), exhaled breath condensate (EBC) collection, nasal lavage collection, pre- and post- bronchodilation spirometry and metacholine bronchial challenge testing. pH, leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4)) and 8-isoprostane were determined in EBC and nasal lavage samples.. Patients with allergic rhinitis presented higher LTB(4) and 8-isoprostane levels in nasal lavage (P<0.0001 for both comparisons), with no significant differences between smokers and non-smokers. Patients with allergic rhinitis also presented higher LTB(4) levels and lower pH in EBC (P<0.001 and P=0.004, respectively), with prominent differences between smokers and non-smokers (P<0.0001 and P=0.003, for LTB(4) and pH, respectively). A significant correlation between nasal lavage and EBC LTB(4) values was observed (r(s)=0.313, P=0.048).. Patients with allergic rhinitis present increased LTB(4) and 8-isoprostane in their nasal cavity, however, with no significant differences between smokers and non-smokers. In contrast, smokers with allergic rhinitis present higher LTB(4) levels and lower pH in EBC, suggesting that these patients may be more susceptible to the deleterious effects of smoking, compared with non-smokers.

Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Breath Tests; Dinoprost; Eosinophils; Female; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Immunoglobulin E; Inflammation; Leukotriene B4; Male; Nasal Lavage Fluid; Nitric Oxide; Oxidative Stress; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Smoking

Cysteinyl-leukotrienes have been reported to have a primary role in the induction of nasal blockage of allergic rhinitis. However, there has been little experimental evidence that substantiates the relationship between nasal blockage severity and urinary leukotriene E4 (U-LTE4) concentration in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR).. The concentrations of urinary mediators in 20 SAR patients were measured using an enzyme immunoassay to determine the relationship between nasal blockage severity and U-LTE4 concentration in patients with SAR.. The basal U-LTE4 concentration was significantly higher in SAR patients with severe nasal blockage than in those with mild nasal blockage and in healthy control subjects. Although U-LTE4 concentrationwas significantly higher in patients with both asthma and SAR than in SAR patients with mild nasal blockage, no significant difference in the U-LTE4 concentration between patients with both asthma and SAR and SAR patients with severe nasal blockage was found. There was a significant correlation between U-LTE4 and urinary 9alpha11beta-prostoglandin F2 (9alpha11betaPGF2) concentrations (rs = 0.51, P = 0.02) in SAR patients.. Although specific sites and cells of cysteinyl-leukotriene biosynthesis could not be determined in this study, severe nasal blockage is associated with the increased excretion level of U-LTE4.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Airway Obstruction; Case-Control Studies; Dinoprost; Eosinophil-Derived Neurotoxin; Female; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Leukotriene E4; Male; Middle Aged; Nasal Cavity; Osmolar Concentration; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Ribonucleases; Severity of Illness Index

Topics: Acetylcholine; Adolescent; Adult; Bronchi; Dinoprost; Female; Humans; Male; Prostaglandins F; Pulmonary Ventilation; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal