dinoprost and Carcinoma--Non-Small-Cell-Lung

The aim of the study was to evaluate the exhaled breath condensate (EBC) levels of a valid oxidative stress marker, 8-isoprostane, before and after chemotherapy, in patients with non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in correlation with the extent of the disease and response to treatment.. Forty-five patients with inoperable NSCLC were initially enrolled in the study. Twenty-nine of them were finally evaluated in regards to 8-isoprostane levels in EBC before and after chemotherapy.. 8-Isoprostane levels were significantly lower after chemotherapy (p=0.014). Further analysis showed that the differences were mainly attributed: a) to the extent of the disease, with patients diagnosed with up to locally advanced disease (stages IB-IIIB) having significantly lower EBC 8-isoprostane levels post-chemotherapy (p=0.031); and b) to the response to treatment, with patients evaluated with partial response to treatment having significantly lower EBC 8-isoprostane levels post-chemotherapy (p=0.02).. In this prospective study, we showed that 8-isoprostane might represent a biomarker in NSCLC, reflecting both response to chemotherapy, as well as the extent of the disease.

Topics: Aged; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Biomarkers; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Dinoprost; Exhalation; Female; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Oxidative Stress; Prognosis; Treatment Outcome

8-Isoprostane (8-isoPGF2α) is a reliable marker and considered a gold standard for lipid peroxidation. There are very few reports of 8-isoprostane levels in cancer patients, and in patients undergoing chemotherapy. Oxidative stress is however expected and has been observed in patients with cancer. This study measured 8-isoprostane levels in urine by ELISA of 25 patients undergoing chemotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer, at cycles 1, 2, and 3 of treatment. It considers the creatinine clearance of the patients, and correction of 8-isoprostane levels by creatinine clearance, and overnight urine volume methods. The average 8-isoprostane levels in urine increased more than 6 to 12 fold on chemotherapy treatment, from 532±587 pg/mL at cycle 1, 6181±4334 at cycle 2, and 5511±2055 at cycle 3. Similar results were obtained if 8-isoprostane levels were corrected for overnight urine volume, giving averages of 285±244 μg at cycle 1, 4122±3349 at cycle 2, and 3266±1200 at cycle 3. No significant difference was seen in average total overnight urine volume or number of urinations between chemotherapy cycles except for a large variation in urine volume between cycle 2 and 3. Creatinine levels were significantly different only between cycles 1 and 2 (p=0.016). In conclusion, cisplatin therapy has been shown to induce high levels of lipid peroxidation in lung cancer patients and can be assessed from the 8-isoprostane marker in overnight urine, with or without urine volume correction.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Cisplatin; Creatinine; Dinoprost; Female; Humans; Lipid Peroxidation; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Oxidative Stress; Young Adult

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death and oxidative stress secondary to carcinogens such as cigarette smoke has been implicated in its pathogenesis. Therefore, lung cancer patients were hypothesized to have higher levels of oxidative stress markers in their exhaled breath compared with controls.. Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) was collected from newly diagnosed subjects with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and control subjects in a cross-sectional observational study. The samples were then analyzed for hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), pH, 8-isoprostane, and antioxidant capacity.. A total of 71 subjects (21 NSCLC patients, 21 nonsmokers, 13 exsmokers, and 16 smokers) were recruited. NSCLC patients had significantly higher EBC H(2)O(2) concentration (NSCLC subjects versus smokers, 10.28 microM, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.74-22.30 and 2.29 microM, 95% CI: 1.23-4.25, respectively, p = 0.003) and lower antioxidant capacity (NSCLC versus smokers, 0.051 mM, 95% CI: 0.042-0.063 and 0.110 mM, 95% CI: 0.059-0.206, p = 0.023; NSCLC versus all controls as a group, 0.051 mM, 95% CI: 0.042-0.063 and 0.087 mM, 95% CI: 0.067-0.112, p = 0.001). They also had significantly lower pH (5.9, 3.3-7.3) compared with exsmokers (6.7, 5.8-7, p = 0.009).. The significant increase of H(2)O(2) and reduction in antioxidant capacity in the EBC of lung cancer patients further support the concept of the disequilibrium between levels of oxidants and antioxidants in lung cancer, which leads to increased oxidative stress. These findings suggest oxidative stress is implicated in the development of lung cancer and may be an early marker of the disease.

Topics: Aged; Antioxidants; Biomarkers; Breath Tests; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dinoprost; Female; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Oxidative Stress