Page last updated: 2024-08-23

diltiazem and Ventricular Fibrillation

diltiazem has been researched along with Ventricular Fibrillation in 41 studies

Research

Studies (41)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-199015 (36.59)18.7374
1990's15 (36.59)18.2507
2000's9 (21.95)29.6817
2010's2 (4.88)24.3611
2020's0 (0.00)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Al-Masri, AA; Almotrefi, AA; Bukhari, IA; Mohamed, OY; Sheikh, SA1
Daida, H; Hiki, M; Nakazato, Y; Tokano, T1
Gerling, BR; Greenberg, ML; Kim, RJ; Kono, AT1
Attisani, M; Berardo, A; Ceresa, F; Rinaldi, M; Sansone, F; Trichiolo, S1
Cieśliński, A; Grajek, S; Grygier, M; Mularek-Kubzdela, T; Seniuk, W1
Barbosa, V; Buser, PT; Lee, RJ; Zaugg, CE; Ziegler, A1
Bougioukas, G; Didilis, V; Konstantinou, F; Mikroulis, D; Tsakiridis, K; Vretzakis, G1
Izumi, T; Kitano, Y; Niwano, S; Sasaki, T1
Blagova, OV; Nedostup, AV1
Bristow, MR; Clusin, WT; Karagueuzian, HS; Katzung, BG; Schroeder, JS1
Thandroyen, FT1
Gilmour, RF; Zipes, DP1
Fujimoto, T; Hamamoto, H; Mandel, WJ; Peter, T1
Eller, BT; Lucchesi, BR; Patterson, E1
Baim, DS; Brett, P; Bristow, MR; Clusin, WT; Harrison, DC; Jaillon, P; Schroeder, JS1
Epstein, SE; Sheehan, FH1
Bjørnstad, H; Jenssen, D; Mortensen, E1
Fukushima, H; Harada, K; Izawa, T; Kaneta, S; Miwa, A; Ogawa, N1
Chen, JG; Fu, WJ; Hou, GX; Xia, JH; Yuan, WJ; Zhao, X; Zhu, HN1
Aupetit, JF; Chevrel, G; Faucon, G; Loufoua-Moundanga, J; Omar, S; Timour, Q1
Wu, C1
Baxter, GF; Yellon, DM1
Bataller, M; Chorro, FJ; Cortina, J; Espí, J; Guerrero, J; López-Merino, V; Ruipérez, JA; Sánchez-Muñoz, JJ; Sanchis, J1
Allessie, M; Anvari, A; Mast, F; Schmidinger, H; Schuster, E1
Endo, H; Kishikawa, K; Kumeta, Y; Kurihara, C; Namiki, A1
Itoh, E; Suzuki, K; Tanabe, Y1
Goto, T; Maeda, K; Ohara, F; Ohkubo, K; Ozaki, T; Seki, J; Sugimoto, T; Yamamoto, N1
Ahn, YK; Bae, Y; Cho, JG; Cho, JH; Jeong, MH; Kang, JC; Kang, KT; Kim, KH; Kim, NH; Kim, SH; Lee, SH; Park, JC; Rhew, JY1
Askar, FZ; Bayindir, O; Cevik, A; Demirag, K; Mutaf, I; Ozmen, D; Uyar, M1
Johnston, RB; Murakami, MM; Salerno, DM1
Billman, GE1
Capparelli, EV; Chow, MS; Dipersio, DM; Fieldman, A; Hanyok, JJ; Kluger, J1
Aupetit, JF; Faucon, G; Gerentes-Chassagne, I; Kioueh, I; Larbre, JP; Loufoua-Moundanga, J; Timour, Q1
Braimbridge, MV; Hearse, DJ; Kinoshita, K; Manning, AS; Mitani, A1
Fox-Eastham, K; Hite, PR; Kerber, RE; Kieso, RA; Schröder, E1
Cromeens, DM; Minor, ST; Rodgers, GP; Swindle, MM1
Lucchesi, BR; Lynch, JJ; Montgomery, DG1
Hagestad, EL; Verrier, RL1
Bender, F; Gülker, H; Olbing, B; Rose, D; Thale, J1
de Graeff, PA; de Langen, CD; Kingma, JH; van Gilst, WH; Wesseling, H1
Balwierczak, J; Lathrop, DA; Matlib, MA; Schwartz, A1

Reviews

2 review(s) available for diltiazem and Ventricular Fibrillation

ArticleYear
Calcium antagonists and their potential role in the prevention of sudden coronary death.
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1982, Volume: 382

    Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Atrial Fibrillation; Atrial Flutter; Atrioventricular Node; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; Coronary Disease; Death, Sudden; Diltiazem; Dogs; Haplorhini; Humans; Ion Channels; Nifedipine; Rabbits; Rats; Tachycardia; Tetrodotoxin; Ventricular Fibrillation; Verapamil; Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome

1982
Mechanisms involved in reperfusion arrhythmias.
    European heart journal, 1986, Volume: 7 Suppl A

    Topics: Animals; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Calcium Channel Blockers; Coronary Circulation; Coronary Disease; Diltiazem; Heart Conduction System; Humans; Nifedipine; Perfusion; Platelet Aggregation; Ventricular Fibrillation; Verapamil

1986

Trials

2 trial(s) available for diltiazem and Ventricular Fibrillation

ArticleYear
Diltiazem versus amiodarone to prevent atrial fibrillation in coronary surgery.
    Asian cardiovascular & thoracic annals, 2005, Volume: 13, Issue:1

    Topics: Aged; Amiodarone; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Atrial Fibrillation; Calcium Channel Blockers; Coronary Artery Bypass; Diltiazem; Extracorporeal Circulation; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Ventricular Fibrillation

2005
The protective effects of high dose ascorbic acid and diltiazem on myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury.
    Middle East journal of anaesthesiology, 2001, Volume: 16, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Ascorbic Acid; Calcium Channel Blockers; Coronary Artery Bypass; Diltiazem; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Malondialdehyde; Middle Aged; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Myocardium; Postoperative Complications; Prospective Studies; Ventricular Fibrillation

2001

Other Studies

37 other study(ies) available for diltiazem and Ventricular Fibrillation

ArticleYear
Protective effect of fenofibrate against ischemia-/reperfusion-induced cardiac arrhythmias in isolated rat hearts.
    Fundamental & clinical pharmacology, 2018, Volume: 32, Issue:2

    Topics: Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Diltiazem; Disease Models, Animal; Fenofibrate; Heart Rate; Isolated Heart Preparation; Male; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Rats, Wistar; Tachycardia, Ventricular; Ventricular Fibrillation; Ventricular Premature Complexes

2018
Recurrent ventricular fibrillation under sufficient medical treatment in patient with coronary artery spasm.
    BMJ case reports, 2013, Jul-02, Volume: 2013

    Topics: Cardiovascular Agents; Coronary Vasospasm; Defibrillators, Implantable; Diagnosis, Differential; Diltiazem; Echocardiography; Electrocardiography; Female; Humans; Isosorbide Dinitrate; Middle Aged; Nicorandil; Recurrence; Treatment Outcome; Ventricular Fibrillation

2013
Precipitation of ventricular fibrillation by intravenous diltiazem and metoprolol in a young patient with occult Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.
    Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE, 2008, Volume: 31, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Antihypertensive Agents; Diltiazem; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Metoprolol; Treatment Outcome; Ventricular Fibrillation; Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome

2008
Recurrent ventricular fibrillation due to coronary artery spasm immediately after ascending aorta replacement.
    Journal of cardiovascular medicine (Hagerstown, Md.), 2009, Volume: 10, Issue:10

    Topics: Aged; Aortic Aneurysm; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; Coronary Angiography; Coronary Vasospasm; Diltiazem; Extracorporeal Circulation; Humans; Male; Recurrence; Vasodilator Agents; Ventricular Fibrillation

2009
Cardiac arrest related to coronary spasm in patients with variant angina: a three-case study.
    Journal of internal medicine, 2002, Volume: 252, Issue:4

    Topics: Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris, Variant; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Aspirin; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cardiovascular Agents; Coronary Angiography; Diltiazem; Electrocardiography; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Heart Arrest; Heart Block; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nitrates; Nitroglycerin; Pacemaker, Artificial; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Spasm; Time Factors; Vasodilator Agents; Ventricular Fibrillation

2002
Postresuscitation stunning: postfibrillatory myocardial dysfunction caused by reduced myofilament Ca2+ responsiveness after ventricular fibrillation-induced myocyte Ca2+ overload.
    Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology, 2002, Volume: 13, Issue:10

    Topics: Actin Cytoskeleton; Animals; Blood Flow Velocity; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Coronary Vessels; Diltiazem; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Countershock; Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac; Heart Rate; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Male; Models, Cardiovascular; Myocardial Contraction; Myocardial Stunning; Myocardium; Myocytes, Cardiac; Oxygen Consumption; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Treatment Failure; Ventricular Fibrillation; Ventricular Pressure

2002
Two cases of Brugada syndrome associated with spontaneous clinical episodes of coronary vasospasm.
    Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan), 2006, Volume: 45, Issue:2

    Topics: Acetylcholine; Amlodipine; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cardiovascular Agents; Coronary Vasospasm; Defibrillators, Implantable; Diltiazem; Electric Countershock; Electrocardiography; Fatal Outcome; Heart Function Tests; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Ischemia; Syncope; Ventricular Fibrillation

2006
[Characteristics of action of various drugs blocking atrioventricular conduction (beta-blockers, verapamil, diltiazem) in constant fibrillation tachyarrhythmia. Is monotherapy optimal?].
    Terapevticheskii arkhiv, 2006, Volume: 78, Issue:8

    Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Atenolol; Atrioventricular Node; Calcium Channel Blockers; Diltiazem; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Male; Metoprolol; Middle Aged; Treatment Outcome; Ventricular Fibrillation; Verapamil

2006
Do calcium-dependent ionic currents mediate ischemic ventricular fibrillation?
    The American journal of cardiology, 1982, Feb-18, Volume: 49, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Calcium; Coronary Circulation; Coronary Disease; Death, Sudden; Diltiazem; Heart Conduction System; Heart Rate; Humans; Ion Channels; Membrane Potentials; Myocardium; Ventricular Fibrillation; Verapamil

1982
Protective action of calcium channel antagonist agents against ventricular fibrillation in the isolated perfused rat heart.
    Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology, 1982, Volume: 14, Issue:1

    Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Animals; Calcium; Coronary Circulation; Coronary Disease; Cyclic AMP; Diltiazem; Ion Channels; Male; Myocardium; Nifedipine; Rats; Ventricular Fibrillation; Verapamil

1982
Comparative study of the effect of slow channel inhibiting agents on ischemia-induced conduction delay as relevant to the genesis of ventricular fibrillation.
    American heart journal, 1983, Volume: 106, Issue:5 Pt 1

    Topics: Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Coronary Disease; Diltiazem; Dogs; Heart; Heart Conduction System; Male; Nifedipine; Ventricular Fibrillation; Verapamil

1983
Effects of diltiazem upon experimental ventricular dysrhythmias.
    The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1983, Volume: 225, Issue:1

    Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Benzazepines; Coronary Disease; Death, Sudden; Diltiazem; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Male; Myocardial Infarction; Tachycardia; Ventricular Fibrillation

1983
The effects of diltiazem and reduced serum ionized calcium on ischemic ventricular fibrillation in the dog.
    Circulation research, 1982, Volume: 50, Issue:4

    Topics: Animals; Benzazepines; Calcium; Citrates; Citric Acid; Coronary Circulation; Coronary Disease; Diltiazem; Dogs; Heart Rate; Heart Ventricles; Lidocaine; Ventricular Fibrillation

1982
Effects of calcium channel blocking agents on reperfusion arrhythmias.
    American heart journal, 1982, Volume: 103, Issue:6

    Topics: Animals; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Blood Pressure; Calcium Channel Blockers; Diltiazem; Dogs; Female; Heart Conduction System; Heart Rate; Male; Nifedipine; Perfusion; Tachycardia; Ventricular Fibrillation

1982
Diltiazem does not increase ventricular fibrillation threshold during hypothermia.
    Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 1995, Volume: 39, Issue:5

    Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Diltiazem; Dogs; Electrocardiography; Female; Heart Rate; Hypothermia, Induced; Male; Refractory Period, Electrophysiological; Ventricular Fibrillation

1995
Effects of KRN2391, nicorandil and diltiazem on the changes in the electrocardiogram caused by endothelin-1 in anaesthetized rats.
    British journal of pharmacology, 1993, Volume: 109, Issue:3

    Topics: Action Potentials; Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Complexes, Premature; Diltiazem; Electrocardiography; Electrophysiology; Endothelins; Glyburide; Guinea Pigs; Heart Rate; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Methacholine Compounds; Niacinamide; Nicorandil; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Vasodilator Agents; Ventricular Fibrillation

1993
[Influence of endothelin-1 on ventricular fibrillation threshold in acute myocardial ischemic rats].
    Zhongguo yao li xue bao = Acta pharmacologica Sinica, 1994, Volume: 15, Issue:4

    Topics: Animals; Diltiazem; Endothelins; Male; Myocardial Ischemia; Rats; Ventricular Fibrillation

1994
Attenuation of the ischaemia-induced fall of electrical ventricular fibrillation threshold by a calcium antagonist, diltiazem.
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 1993, Volume: 348, Issue:5

    Topics: Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Coronary Vessels; Diltiazem; Electric Stimulation; Female; Male; Myocardial Ischemia; Swine; Ventricular Fibrillation

1993
[The protective effect of different drugs on ischemic-reperfusion injury in experimental pig heart].
    Zhonghua xin xue guan bing za zhi, 1993, Volume: 21, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Diltiazem; Female; Male; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Myocardium; Swine; Tachycardia, Ventricular; Ventricular Fibrillation; Vitamin E

1993
Attenuation of reperfusion-induced ventricular fibrillation in the rat isolated hypertrophied heart by preischemic diltiazem treatment.
    Cardiovascular drugs and therapy, 1993, Volume: 7, Issue:2

    Topics: Animals; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Blood Pressure; Diltiazem; Disease Models, Animal; Heart; Heart Rate; Hypertension, Renovascular; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular; Male; Premedication; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Ventricular Fibrillation

1993
Modifications in the evolution of the dominant frequency in ventricular fibrillation induced by amiodarone, diltiazem, and flecainide. An experimental study.
    Journal of electrocardiology, 1996, Volume: 29, Issue:4

    Topics: Amiodarone; Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Calcium Channel Blockers; Diltiazem; Dogs; Electrocardiography; Flecainide; Fourier Analysis; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; Time Factors; Ventricular Fibrillation

1996
Effects of lidocaine, ajmaline, and diltiazem on ventricular defibrillation energy requirements in isolated rabbit heart.
    Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology, 1997, Volume: 29, Issue:4

    Topics: Ajmaline; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Cardiovascular Agents; Defibrillators, Implantable; Diltiazem; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Countershock; Electrocardiography; Equipment Failure; Female; Heart; In Vitro Techniques; Lidocaine; Male; Rabbits; Ventricular Fibrillation

1997
Diltiazem for ventricular fibrillation.
    Anesthesiology, 1997, Volume: 87, Issue:3

    Topics: Aged; Calcium Channel Blockers; Diltiazem; Humans; Male; Ventricular Fibrillation

1997
A case of vasospastic angina presenting Brugada-type ECG abnormalities.
    Japanese circulation journal, 1999, Volume: 63, Issue:6

    Topics: Acetylcholine; Aged; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cardiovascular Agents; Chest Pain; Coronary Angiography; Coronary Vasospasm; Diagnosis, Differential; Diltiazem; Electric Stimulation; Electrocardiography; Electrophysiology; Flecainide; Humans; Male; Syncope; Syndrome; Vasodilator Agents; Ventricular Fibrillation

1999
Protective effect of FR168888, a new Na+/H+ exchange inhibitor, on ischemia and reperfusion-induced arrhythmia and myocardial infarction in rats: in comparison with other cardioprotective compounds.
    Japanese journal of pharmacology, 1999, Volume: 80, Issue:4

    Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Benzyl Alcohol; Benzyl Alcohols; Diltiazem; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Guanidines; Hemodynamics; In Vitro Techniques; Ion Transport; Lidocaine; Lymphocytes; Male; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardial Ischemia; Propionates; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury; Time Factors; Ventricular Fibrillation

1999
Successful management of intractable coronary spasm with a coronary stent.
    Japanese circulation journal, 2000, Volume: 64, Issue:11

    Topics: Adult; Amlodipine; Aspirin; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cardiovascular Agents; Coronary Angiography; Coronary Artery Disease; Coronary Vasospasm; Diltiazem; Doxazosin; Drug Resistance; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ergonovine; Humans; Isosorbide Dinitrate; Male; Myocardial Infarction; Nicorandil; Nitrates; Pyridines; Stents; Ticlopidine; Ventricular Fibrillation

2000
The effects of beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic blockade and calcium channel blockade on postresuscitation electrolyte changes.
    American heart journal, 1992, Volume: 124, Issue:4

    Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Blood Glucose; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Diltiazem; Dogs; Hemodynamics; Magnesium; Metoprolol; Potassium; Premedication; Propanolamines; Resuscitation; Time Factors; Ventricular Fibrillation; Water-Electrolyte Imbalance

1992
Ro 40-5967, a novel calcium channel antagonist, protects against ventricular fibrillation.
    European journal of pharmacology, 1992, Dec-15, Volume: 229, Issue:2-3

    Topics: Animals; Benzimidazoles; Binding Sites; Calcium Channel Blockers; Coronary Circulation; Diltiazem; Disease Susceptibility; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Heart Rate; Mibefradil; Myocardial Contraction; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardial Ischemia; Physical Exertion; Tetrahydronaphthalenes; Ventricular Fibrillation; Verapamil

1992
Diltiazem improves resuscitation from experimental ventricular fibrillation in dogs.
    Critical care medicine, 1992, Volume: 20, Issue:8

    Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Calcium Chloride; Cardiac Catheterization; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Diltiazem; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Double-Blind Method; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Hemodynamics; Random Allocation; Time Factors; Ventricular Fibrillation

1992
Protection against ischaemic ventricular fibrillation by blocking agents of myocardial cell calcium influx. Electrophysiological study in the pig in situ heart.
    Fundamental & clinical pharmacology, 1991, Volume: 5, Issue:7

    Topics: Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Coronary Disease; Diltiazem; Electrophysiology; Myocardium; Nicardipine; Sarcolemma; Swine; Ventricular Fibrillation; Verapamil

1991
Reperfusion-induced arrhythmias in the conscious rat: a comparative study with three calcium antagonists.
    The Journal of surgical research, 1989, Volume: 47, Issue:2

    Topics: Animals; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Consciousness; Coronary Disease; Diltiazem; Electrocardiography; Heart Rate; Male; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Nifedipine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tachycardia; Ventricular Fibrillation; Verapamil

1989
Effect of calcium channel blockers on hemodynamic responses to defibrillation.
    American heart journal, 1989, Volume: 117, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; Diltiazem; Dogs; Electric Countershock; Heart Conduction System; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Nifedipine; Ventricular Fibrillation; Verapamil

1989
Bretylium and diltiazem in porcine cardiac procedures.
    Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research, 1988, Volume: 1, Issue:4

    Topics: Animals; Bretylium Compounds; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures; Diltiazem; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Male; Swine; Swine, Miniature; Ventricular Fibrillation

1988
The effects of calcium entry blockade on the vulnerability of infarcted canine myocardium toward ventricular fibrillation.
    The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1986, Volume: 239, Issue:2

    Topics: Animals; Benzothiazoles; Bepridil; Calcium Channel Blockers; Diltiazem; Dogs; Electrocardiography; Electrophysiology; Heart; Heart Rate; Male; Myocardial Infarction; Pyrrolidines; Thiazoles; Ventricular Fibrillation

1986
Antiarrhythmic and antifibrillatory action of diltiazem on early and late phase ventricular arrhythmias following coronary artery occlusion and on reperfusion ventricular arrhythmias.
    Pharmacology, 1986, Volume: 33, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Benzazepines; Blood Pressure; Coronary Disease; Diltiazem; Dogs; Droperidol; Electrocardiography; Female; Heart Rate; Male; Time Factors; Ventricular Fibrillation

1986
Effects of diltiazem on reperfusion-induced arrhythmias in vitro and in vivo.
    Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology, 1986, Volume: 18, Issue:12

    Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Coronary Disease; Diltiazem; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Norepinephrine; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Swine; Ventricular Fibrillation

1986
Pharmacology of calcium antagonists.
    The American journal of cardiology, 1985, Mar-15, Volume: 55, Issue:7

    Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Atrioventricular Node; Bepridil; Calcium Channel Blockers; Coronary Vessels; Diltiazem; Guinea Pigs; Heart; Heart Rate; Humans; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Myocardial Contraction; Nifedipine; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Vasodilation; Ventricular Fibrillation; Verapamil

1985