Page last updated: 2024-10-18

dihydroxyphenylalanine and Dystonia

dihydroxyphenylalanine has been researched along with Dystonia in 66 studies

Dihydroxyphenylalanine: A beta-hydroxylated derivative of phenylalanine. The D-form of dihydroxyphenylalanine has less physiologic activity than the L-form and is commonly used experimentally to determine whether the pharmacological effects of LEVODOPA are stereospecific.
dopa : A hydroxyphenylalanine carrying hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 4 of the benzene ring.

Dystonia: An attitude or posture due to the co-contraction of agonists and antagonist muscles in one region of the body. It most often affects the large axial muscles of the trunk and limb girdles. Conditions which feature persistent or recurrent episodes of dystonia as a primary manifestation of disease are referred to as DYSTONIC DISORDERS. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p77)

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"We report the long-term response to levodopa in 20 patients with dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD)."7.71The long-term response to levodopa in dopa-responsive dystonia. ( Calne, DB; de la Fuente-Fernández, R; Hwang, WJ; Tsui, JK, 2001)
" Her elder sister had been suffering from childhood-onset dystonia-parkinsonism with diurnal fluctuation which initially responded well to levodopa therapy, but later larger dose of levodopa was needed because of severe treatment-related fluctuation of the clinical symptoms."7.69[A case of familial juvenile dystonia-parkinsonism: 18F-6-fluorodopa and 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose PET study]. ( Akiguchi, I; Fukuyama, H; Hanakawa, T; Kato, M; Kimura, J; Shibasaki, H, 1996)
"To determine if there is abnormal phenylalanine and biopterin metabolism in patients with dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD), we measured plasma levels of phenylalanine, tyrosine, biopterin, and neopterin at baseline, and 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after an oral phenylalanine load (100 mg/kg)."7.69Oral phenylalanine loading in dopa-responsive dystonia: a possible diagnostic test. ( Arnold, LA; Bebin, EM; Fryburg, JS; Gunasekera, RS; Hyland, K; Jacobson, RD; Rost-Ruffner, E; Trugman, JM; Wilson, WG, 1997)
"Dystonia was severe and did not resolve with time in patients with lesions involving the nigrostriatal pathway, and the degree of dopaminergic denervation revealed by positron emission tomography was correlated with the severity of dystonia."5.30Dopaminergic dysfunction in midbrain dystonia: anatomoclinical study using 3-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging and fluorodopa F 18 positron emission tomography. ( Agid, Y; Dormont, D; Dupel, C; Jedynak, P; Lehéricy, S; Marsault, C; Remy, P; Samson, Y; Serdaru, M; Veber, H; Vidailhet, M, 1999)
"We report the long-term response to levodopa in 20 patients with dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD)."3.71The long-term response to levodopa in dopa-responsive dystonia. ( Calne, DB; de la Fuente-Fernández, R; Hwang, WJ; Tsui, JK, 2001)
"We have studied dopamine D2 receptor binding by [11C]raclopride positron emission tomography in 14 patients with dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD)."3.70D2 receptor binding in dopa-responsive dystonia. ( Antonini, A; Künig, G; Leenders, KL; Meinck, HM; Vontobel, P; Weindl, A, 1998)
" Her elder sister had been suffering from childhood-onset dystonia-parkinsonism with diurnal fluctuation which initially responded well to levodopa therapy, but later larger dose of levodopa was needed because of severe treatment-related fluctuation of the clinical symptoms."3.69[A case of familial juvenile dystonia-parkinsonism: 18F-6-fluorodopa and 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose PET study]. ( Akiguchi, I; Fukuyama, H; Hanakawa, T; Kato, M; Kimura, J; Shibasaki, H, 1996)
"To determine if there is abnormal phenylalanine and biopterin metabolism in patients with dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD), we measured plasma levels of phenylalanine, tyrosine, biopterin, and neopterin at baseline, and 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after an oral phenylalanine load (100 mg/kg)."3.69Oral phenylalanine loading in dopa-responsive dystonia: a possible diagnostic test. ( Arnold, LA; Bebin, EM; Fryburg, JS; Gunasekera, RS; Hyland, K; Jacobson, RD; Rost-Ruffner, E; Trugman, JM; Wilson, WG, 1997)
"A young girl with hereditary progressive dystonia with diurnal fluctuation or Segawa's syndrome, completely handicapped and confined to a wheelchair between the age of 5 and 9, revealed an unusually slow response to levodopa."3.68Hereditary progressive dystonia with diurnal fluctuation (Segawa's syndrome)--an unusual case. ( Kaiser, R; Ziegler, G, 1992)
"Striatal 18F-Dopa uptake and glucose metabolism were studied by positron emission tomography with 6-L-[18F]fluorodopa and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose, respectively, in 8 patients with idiopathic dystonia."3.68Increased striatal 18F-dopa uptake and normal glucose metabolism in idiopathic dystonia syndrome. ( Fukumura, T; Goto, I; Ichiya, Y; Kato, M; Kuwabara, Y; Masuda, K; Otsuka, M; Sasaki, M; Shima, F, 1992)
"Dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD) is an eminently treatable condition and its recognition is therefore of crucial importance."2.41Dopa-responsive dystonia -- the story so far. ( Bandmann, O; Wood, NW, 2002)
"In dopa responsive dystonia, the finding of normal fluorodopa PET led to the prediction that the lesion would be functional rather than anatomical; this has been confirmed by the identification of a defect in dopamine synthesis in this disorder."2.40Contributions of positron emission tomography to elucidating the pathogenesis of idiopathic parkinsonism and dopa responsive dystonia. ( Calne, DB; de la Fuente-Fernández, R; Kishore, A, 1997)
"Many different disorders have dystonia as the only or primary sign."2.40Dystonia. ( Bressman, SB, 1998)
" We retrospectively analyzed data from 17 stable HP rhesus monkeys treated long-term with chronic intermittent dosing of levodopa (LD) in an attempt to induce choreoathetoid and dystonic dyskinesias."1.37Dyskinesias do not develop after chronic intermittent levodopa therapy in clinically hemiparkinsonian rhesus monkeys. ( Bakay, RA; Deogaonkar, M; Lieu, CA; Subramanian, T, 2011)
" By dosage analysis, we were able to detect a mutation in all patients."1.36High frequency of multiexonic deletion of the GCH1 gene in a Taiwanese cohort of dopa-response dystonia. ( Chang, HC; Chen, RS; Huang, CC; Huang, CL; Lai, SC; Lin, JJ; Lu, CS; Wang, CY; Weng, YH; Wu-Chou, YH; Yeh, TH, 2010)
"Dopa responsive dystonia results from abnormalities in the dopamine synthesis pathway which produces an array of phenotypic presentations with equally numerous genotypes."1.36Two in the hand, an essential lesson in tremor management. ( Archibald, N; Burn, D; Gallagher, P; Goldsmith, P, 2010)
"The Segawa syndrome is an autosomal dominant form of guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase deficiency, resulting in decreased dopamine and serotonin levels, typically presenting as a dopa-responsive dystonia."1.35Uneventful electroconvulsive therapy in a patient with dopa-responsive dystonia (Segawa syndrome). ( Peuskens, J; Rooseleer, J; Sienaert, P, 2009)
"Dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD) is a clinical syndrome characterized by childhood-onset dystonia and a dramatic and sustained response to relatively low doses of levodopa."1.33[Dopa-responsive dystonia]. ( Furukawa, Y, 2006)
"Strategies in treatment of movement disorders are discussed with the illustration of three patients with dystonia."1.33Treatment strategies in movement disorders. ( Speelman, JD, 2005)
"Most cases of dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD) are thought to be caused by mutations in the GCHI gene; however, by sequencing, mutations are found in only 40% to 60%."1.31Exon deletions in the GCHI gene in two of four Turkish families with dopa-responsive dystonia. ( Aysun, S; Demir, E; Gucuyener, K; Hagenah, J; Hedrich, K; Kabakçi, K; Klein, C; Landt, O; Mohrmann, K; Ozelius, LJ; Pramstaller, PP; Schwinger, E; Wiegers, K, 2002)
"These results suggest that hemidystonia is associated with a disturbance of the dopamine system."1.31Putaminal necrosis presenting with hemidystonia. ( Imahori, Y; Kawano, H; Misawa, A; Sawada, T; Takeuchi, Y, 2000)
"strictly defined dopa-responsive dystonia."1.31Gene mutation in hereditary progressive dystonia with marked diurnal fluctuation (HPD), strictly defined dopa-responsive dystonia. ( Hagiwara, H; Kakimoto, S; Nishiyama, N; Nomura, Y; Segawa, M; Yukishita, S, 2000)
"Dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD) is induced by a deficiency of GTP cyclohydrolase I (GCH) and has a postulated autosomal dominant inheritance with a low penetrance."1.31Dopa-responsive dystonia is induced by a dominant-negative mechanism. ( Chiou, YW; Hwu, WL; Lai, SY; Lee, YM, 2000)
"Dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD) and tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) defects are inherited disorders characterized by monoamine neurotransmitter deficiency with decreased activity of one of the BH4-metabolizing enzymes."1.31Diagnosis of dopa-responsive dystonia and other tetrahydrobiopterin disorders by the study of biopterin metabolism in fibroblasts. ( Blau, N; Bonafé, L; Kierat, L; Leimbacher, W; Thöny, B, 2001)
"Childhood dystonia that does not respond to treatment with levodopa (dopa-nonresponsive dystonia, DND) has an unclear pathogenesis and is notoriously difficult to treat."1.31Selective decrease in central nervous system serotonin turnover in children with dopa-nonresponsive dystonia. ( Assmann, B; Heales, S; Hoffmann, GF; Köhler, M; Surtees, R, 2002)
"Dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD) due to mutant GTP cyclohydrolase I (GCH) shows the considerable heterogeneity of clinical phenotypic expression."1.30A novel missense mutant inactivates GTP cyclohydrolase I in dopa-responsive dystonia. ( Hirano, M; Komure, O; Ueno, S, 1999)
"Dystonia was severe and did not resolve with time in patients with lesions involving the nigrostriatal pathway, and the degree of dopaminergic denervation revealed by positron emission tomography was correlated with the severity of dystonia."1.30Dopaminergic dysfunction in midbrain dystonia: anatomoclinical study using 3-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging and fluorodopa F 18 positron emission tomography. ( Agid, Y; Dormont, D; Dupel, C; Jedynak, P; Lehéricy, S; Marsault, C; Remy, P; Samson, Y; Serdaru, M; Veber, H; Vidailhet, M, 1999)
"Hereditary progressive dystonia (HPD) is caused by the mutant gene encoding GTP cyclohydrolase I (GCH)."1.30Dominant negative effect of GTP cyclohydrolase I mutations in dopa-responsive hereditary progressive dystonia. ( Hirano, M; Ueno, S; Yanagihara, T, 1998)
"Parkinsonism without dystonia has been reported in several older members of families with DRD."1.29Clinical heterogeneity of dopa-responsive dystonia: PET observations. ( Calne, DB; Nygaard, TG; Snow, BJ; Takahashi, H, 1993)
"Dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD) is an autosomal-dominant neurological disorder which appears to result from a genetically determined deficiency of striatal dopamine."1.29Linkage mapping of dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD) to chromosome 14q. ( Brown, DL; Fahn, S; Gilliam, TC; Nygaard, TG; Risch, NJ; Trugman, JM; Weeks, DE; Wilhelmsen, KC, 1993)
"Dopa-responsive dystonia can be present from birth or early infancy."1.29Dystonia and unique muscle features. A 23-year follow-up and correction of diagnosis in two brothers. ( Charles, PD; Davis, TL; Fenichel, GM; Robertson, D, 1995)
" The women continue on a low dosage of levodopa after 9 and 13 years of treatment, with a stable, nearly complete, symptomatic response."1.28Long-term treatment response and fluorodopa positron emission tomographic scanning of parkinsonism in a family with dopa-responsive dystonia. ( Calne, DB; Fahn, S; Heiman, GA; Nygaard, TG; Snow, BJ; Takahashi, H, 1992)
"The syndrome of dopa-responsive dystonia comprises a minority of patients with dystonia, yet it is of considerable diagnostic importance because patients respond dramatically to L-dopa therapy."1.28Dopa-responsive dystonia: [18F]dopa positron emission tomography. ( Brooks, DJ; Frackowiak, RS; Harwood, G; Leenders, KL; Lees, AJ; Marsden, CD; Sawle, GV, 1991)
"In established clinical Parkinson's disease the rostrocaudal gradient becomes steep; the putamen is more damaged."1.27A rostrocaudal gradient for aromatic acid decarboxylase in the human striatum. ( Chirakal, R; Firnau, G; Garnett, ES; Lang, AE; Nahmias, C, 1987)

Research

Studies (66)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-19904 (6.06)18.7374
1990's32 (48.48)18.2507
2000's25 (37.88)29.6817
2010's5 (7.58)24.3611
2020's0 (0.00)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Sienaert, P1
Rooseleer, J1
Peuskens, J1
Fujioka, H2
Shintaku, H1
Kudo, S1
Yamano, T1
Wu-Chou, YH1
Yeh, TH1
Wang, CY1
Lin, JJ1
Huang, CC1
Chang, HC1
Lai, SC1
Chen, RS1
Weng, YH1
Huang, CL1
Lu, CS1
Low, K1
Harding, T1
Jardine, P1
Gallagher, P1
Archibald, N1
Goldsmith, P1
Burn, D1
Lieu, CA1
Deogaonkar, M1
Bakay, RA1
Subramanian, T1
Segawa, M3
Klein, C2
Hedrich, K2
Kabakçi, K2
Mohrmann, K2
Wiegers, K2
Landt, O1
Hagenah, J2
Schwinger, E1
Pramstaller, PP1
Ozelius, LJ2
Gucuyener, K1
Aysun, S1
Demir, E1
Perlmutter, JS1
Mink, JW2
Rémy, P2
Malek, Z1
Itti, E1
Saunders-Pullman, R1
Habermann, K1
Lohnau, T1
Raymond, D1
Vieregge, P1
Nygaard, T1
Bressman, SB2
Speelman, JD1
Asanuma, K1
Carbon-Correll, M1
Eidelberg, D1
Steinberger, D2
Trübenbach, J1
Zirn, B1
Leube, B1
Wildhardt, G1
Müller, U2
De Rosa, A1
Carducci, C1
Antonozzi, I1
Giovanniello, T1
Xhoxhi, E1
Criscuolo, C1
Menchise, V1
Striano, S1
Filla, A1
De Michele, G1
Furukawa, Y3
Micheli, F2
Pardal, MM1
Li, J1
Tang, BS1
Guo, JF1
Zhang, YH1
Xie, ZG1
Yan, XX1
Shen, L1
Jiang, H1
Zhang, XW1
Xia, K1
Pan, Q1
Charles, PD1
Davis, TL1
Robertson, D1
Fenichel, GM1
Di Capua, M1
Bertini, E1
Calne, DB7
Snow, BJ4
Nygaard, TG6
Takahashi, H3
Wilhelmsen, KC1
Risch, NJ1
Brown, DL1
Trugman, JM2
Gilliam, TC1
Fahn, S3
Weeks, DE1
Turjanski, N2
Bhatia, K1
Burn, DJ1
Sawle, GV2
Marsden, CD5
Brooks, DJ3
Okada, A1
Nakamura, K1
Bhatt, MH1
Nomoto, M1
Osame, M1
Bhatia, KP1
Thrush, D1
Hanakawa, T1
Fukuyama, H1
Akiguchi, I1
Kato, M2
Kimura, J1
Shibasaki, H1
de la Fuente-Fernández, R2
Kishore, A1
Hyland, K1
Fryburg, JS1
Wilson, WG1
Bebin, EM1
Arnold, LA1
Gunasekera, RS1
Jacobson, RD1
Rost-Ruffner, E1
Gasser, T1
Kish, SJ2
Hirano, M2
Yanagihara, T1
Ueno, S2
Bandmann, O2
Valente, EM1
Holmans, P1
Surtees, RA1
Walters, JH1
Wevers, RA1
Wood, NW2
Künig, G1
Leenders, KL2
Antonini, A1
Vontobel, P1
Weindl, A1
Meinck, HM1
Komure, O1
Ichinose, H2
Nagatsu, T2
Nishiyama, N2
Nomura, Y2
Vidailhet, M1
Dupel, C1
Lehéricy, S1
Dormont, D1
Serdaru, M1
Jedynak, P1
Veber, H1
Samson, Y1
Marsault, C1
Agid, Y1
Gütlich, M1
Rajput, AH1
Pifl, C1
DiStefano, L1
Chang, LJ1
Price, K1
Shimadzu, M1
Hornykiewicz, O1
Haycock, JW1
Kawano, H1
Takeuchi, Y1
Misawa, A1
Sawada, T1
Imahori, Y1
Yukishita, S1
Hagiwara, H1
Kakimoto, S1
Hwu, WL2
Wang, PJ1
Hsiao, KJ1
Wang, TR1
Chiou, YW2
Lee, YM2
Lai, SY1
Korinthenberg, R1
Topka, H1
Berghäuser, M1
Wedde, R1
Bonafé, L2
Thöny, B1
Leimbacher, W1
Kierat, L1
Blau, N2
Nair, KR1
Cheng, WW1
Kong, CK1
Hwang, WJ1
Tsui, JK1
Skrygan, M1
Bartholomé, B1
Bartholomé, K1
Suzuki, T1
Inagaki, H1
Ohye, T1
Assmann, B1
Köhler, M1
Hoffmann, GF1
Heales, S1
Surtees, R1
Otsuka, M1
Ichiya, Y1
Shima, F1
Kuwabara, Y1
Sasaki, M1
Fukumura, T1
Masuda, K1
Goto, I1
Heiman, GA1
Kaiser, R1
Ziegler, G1
Olsson, JE1
Brunk, U1
Lindvall, B1
Eeg-Olofsson, O1
Harwood, G1
Lees, AJ1
Frackowiak, RS1
Pardal, MF1
Gatto, E1
Paradiso, G1
Müller, K1
Hömberg, V1
Lenard, HG1
Boyes, BE1
Cumming, P1
Martin, WR2
McGeer, EG1
Garnett, ES1
Lang, AE1
Chirakal, R1
Firnau, G1
Nahmias, C1

Reviews

10 reviews available for dihydroxyphenylalanine and Dystonia

ArticleYear
Dopa-responsive dystonia.
    Handbook of clinical neurology, 2011, Volume: 100

    Topics: Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopamine Agents; Dystonia; Humans; Models, Biological

2011
Dysfunction of dopaminergic pathways in dystonia.
    Advances in neurology, 2004, Volume: 94

    Topics: Animals; Basal Ganglia; Brain Mapping; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopamine; Dystonia; Humans; In Vitro

2004
Contributions of positron emission tomography to elucidating the pathogenesis of idiopathic parkinsonism and dopa responsive dystonia.
    Journal of neural transmission. Supplementum, 1997, Volume: 50

    Topics: Brain; Diagnosis, Differential; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; Fluorine Radioisotopes; Humans; Ne

1997
Idiopathic, myoclonic and Dopa-responsive dystonia.
    Current opinion in neurology, 1997, Volume: 10, Issue:4

    Topics: Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; Dystonia Musculorum Deformans; Humans; Myoclonus; Phenotype

1997
Dystonia.
    Current opinion in neurology, 1998, Volume: 11, Issue:4

    Topics: Age of Onset; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopamine Agents; Dystonia; Dystonia Musculorum Deformans; Gene

1998
Molecular genetics of DOPA-responsive dystonia.
    Advances in neurology, 1999, Volume: 80

    Topics: Child; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; Genes, Dominant; Genes, Recessive; Humans; Molecular Biolog

1999
DOPA-responsive dystonic parkinsonism--pathophysiologic considerations.
    Advances in neurology, 1999, Volume: 80

    Topics: Aging; Basal Ganglia; Base Sequence; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; GTP Cyclohydrolase; Humans; M

1999
DOPA-responsive dystonia. From causative gene to molecular mechanism.
    Advances in neurology, 2001, Volume: 86

    Topics: Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopamine Agents; Dystonia; Family Health; Humans; Pedigree

2001
Dopa-responsive dystonia -- the story so far.
    Neuropediatrics, 2002, Volume: 33, Issue:1

    Topics: Child, Preschool; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopamine Agents; Dystonia; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn

2002
Positron emission tomography in movement disorders.
    The Canadian journal of neurological sciences. Le journal canadien des sciences neurologiques, 1985, Volume: 12, Issue:1

    Topics: Brain; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Corpus Striatum; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopamine; Dystonia; Glu

1985

Trials

1 trial available for dihydroxyphenylalanine and Dystonia

ArticleYear
Influence of development and aging on brain biopterin: implications for dopa-responsive dystonia onset.
    Neurology, 1998, Volume: 51, Issue:2

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Biopterins; Child; Child, Preschool; Dihydroxyphe

1998

Other Studies

55 other studies available for dihydroxyphenylalanine and Dystonia

ArticleYear
Uneventful electroconvulsive therapy in a patient with dopa-responsive dystonia (Segawa syndrome).
    The journal of ECT, 2009, Volume: 25, Issue:4

    Topics: Affective Disorders, Psychotic; Delusions; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopamine Agents; Dystonia; Electr

2009
Plasma phenylalanine level in dopa-responsive dystonia.
    Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2009, Nov-15, Volume: 24, Issue:15

    Topics: Analysis of Variance; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopamine Agents; Dystonia; GTP Cyclohydrolase; Humans;

2009
High frequency of multiexonic deletion of the GCH1 gene in a Taiwanese cohort of dopa-response dystonia.
    American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics, 2010, Jun-05, Volume: 153B, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Asian People; Case-Control Studies; Cohort Studies; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; Dystoni

2010
Dopa responsive dystonia.
    BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2010, Mar-04, Volume: 340

    Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Anecdotes as Topic; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disabled Persons; Dopamine Ag

2010
Two in the hand, an essential lesson in tremor management.
    Practical neurology, 2010, Volume: 10, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; Essential Tremor; Female; Functional Laterality; GTP Cycloh

2010
Dyskinesias do not develop after chronic intermittent levodopa therapy in clinically hemiparkinsonian rhesus monkeys.
    Parkinsonism & related disorders, 2011, Volume: 17, Issue:1

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Behavior, Animal; Carot

2011
Exon deletions in the GCHI gene in two of four Turkish families with dopa-responsive dystonia.
    Neurology, 2002, Dec-10, Volume: 59, Issue:11

    Topics: Adult; Child; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; DNA; Dopamine Agents; Dystonia; Exons; Female; Gene Deletion;

2002
[123I-Ioflupane brain scintigraphy (DaTScan) to demonstrate loss of nigrostratal dopaminergic neurons: principles and applications].
    Revue neurologique, 2003, Volume: 159, Issue:10 Pt 1

    Topics: Cocaine; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Neostriatum; Parkinson Dise

2003
High mutation rate in dopa-responsive dystonia: detection with comprehensive GCHI screening.
    Neurology, 2005, Mar-08, Volume: 64, Issue:5

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Age of Onset; Brain; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; DNA Mutational Analysis

2005
Treatment strategies in movement disorders.
    Journal of inherited metabolic disease, 2005, Volume: 28, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Botulinum Toxins; Cerebral Palsy; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopamine Agents; Dystonia; Female;

2005
Neuroimaging in human dystonia.
    The journal of medical investigation : JMI, 2005, Volume: 52 Suppl

    Topics: Anisotropy; Basal Ganglia; Blepharospasm; Carbon Radioisotopes; Case-Control Studies; Dihydroxypheny

2005
Abnormal circuit function in dystonia.
    Neurology, 2006, Apr-11, Volume: 66, Issue:7

    Topics: Brain; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; Humans; Levodopa; Spinal Cord

2006
Utility of MLPA in deletion analysis of GCH1 in dopa-responsive dystonia.
    Neurogenetics, 2007, Volume: 8, Issue:1

    Topics: Aged; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; DNA Primers; Dystonia; Exons; Female; GTP Cyclohydrolase; Humans; Male

2007
A novel mutation in GCH-1 gene in a case of dopa-responsive dystonia.
    Journal of neurology, 2007, Volume: 254, Issue:8

    Topics: Adolescent; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; DNA Mutational Analysis; Dopamine Agents; Dystonia; Family Healt

2007
[Dopa-responsive dystonia].
    Rinsho shinkeigaku = Clinical neurology, 2006, Volume: 46, Issue:11

    Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; Humans; Infant

2006
Dopa-responsive dystonic camptocormia.
    Neurology, 2007, May-01, Volume: 68, Issue:18

    Topics: Adult; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopamine Agents; Dystonia; Female; Humans; Kyphosis; Muscle, Skeletal

2007
[Mutation analysis of GCH1 gene in Chinese patients with dopa responsive dystonia].
    Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics, 2007, Volume: 24, Issue:3

    Topics: Asian People; Case-Control Studies; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; DNA; DNA Mutational Analysis; Dystonia;

2007
Dystonia and unique muscle features. A 23-year follow-up and correction of diagnosis in two brothers.
    Archives of neurology, 1995, Volume: 52, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Drug Resistance; Dystonia; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Muscles

1995
Remission in dihydroxyphenylalanine-responsive dystonia.
    Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 1995, Volume: 10, Issue:2

    Topics: Child; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; Humans; Levodopa; Male; Movement Disorders; Treatment Outco

1995
Dopa-responsive dystonia.
    Annals of neurology, 1994, Volume: 35, Issue:4

    Topics: Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; Humans

1994
Positron emission tomographic studies of dopa-responsive dystonia and early-onset idiopathic parkinsonism.
    Annals of neurology, 1993, Volume: 34, Issue:5

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Corpus Striatum; Diagnosis, Differential; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; Femal

1993
Linkage mapping of dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD) to chromosome 14q.
    Nature genetics, 1993, Volume: 5, Issue:4

    Topics: Chromosome Mapping; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; Family; Female; G

1993
Comparison of striatal 18F-dopa uptake in adult-onset dystonia-parkinsonism, Parkinson's disease, and dopa-responsive dystonia.
    Neurology, 1993, Volume: 43, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Caudate Nucleus; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Mal

1993
Clinical heterogeneity of dopa-responsive dystonia: PET observations.
    Advances in neurology, 1993, Volume: 60

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Corpus Striatum; Diagnosis, Differential; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; Female; Hum

1993
PET scan study on the dopaminergic system in a Japanese patient with hereditary progressive dystonia (Segawa's disease). Case report.
    Advances in neurology, 1993, Volume: 60

    Topics: Corpus Striatum; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; Female; Humans; Japan; Levodopa; Middle Aged; Neu

1993
The usefulness of functional imaging in movement disorders: an illustrative case.
    Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 1996, Volume: 60, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; Female; Fluorine Radioisotopes; Hu

1996
[A case of familial juvenile dystonia-parkinsonism: 18F-6-fluorodopa and 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose PET study].
    Rinsho shinkeigaku = Clinical neurology, 1996, Volume: 36, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Age of Onset; Brain; Deoxyglucose; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; Female; Fluorine Radiois

1996
Oral phenylalanine loading in dopa-responsive dystonia: a possible diagnostic test.
    Neurology, 1997, Volume: 48, Issue:5

    Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Biopterins; Child, Preschoo

1997
Dominant negative effect of GTP cyclohydrolase I mutations in dopa-responsive hereditary progressive dystonia.
    Annals of neurology, 1998, Volume: 44, Issue:3

    Topics: Adolescent; Animals; COS Cells; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; Female; Gait; Genes, Dominant; GTP

1998
Dopa-responsive dystonia: a clinical and molecular genetic study.
    Annals of neurology, 1998, Volume: 44, Issue:4

    Topics: 5' Untranslated Regions; Adolescent; Adult; Base Sequence; Child; Child, Preschool; Dihydroxyphenyla

1998
D2 receptor binding in dopa-responsive dystonia.
    Annals of neurology, 1998, Volume: 44, Issue:5

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age of Onset; Aging; Carbon Radioisotopes; Caudate Nucleus; Dihydroxyphenylalanin

1998
A novel missense mutant inactivates GTP cyclohydrolase I in dopa-responsive dystonia.
    Neuroscience letters, 1999, Feb-05, Volume: 260, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopamine Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dystonia; Female;

1999
Dopaminergic dysfunction in midbrain dystonia: anatomoclinical study using 3-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging and fluorodopa F 18 positron emission tomography.
    Archives of neurology, 1999, Volume: 56, Issue:8

    Topics: Adolescent; Aged; Cerebellum; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Corpus Striatum; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Do

1999
Striatal biopterin and tyrosine hydroxylase protein reduction in dopa-responsive dystonia.
    Neurology, 1999, Sep-22, Volume: 53, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Biopterins; Corpus Striatum; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; Female; Humans; Tyrosine

1999
Putaminal necrosis presenting with hemidystonia.
    Pediatric neurology, 2000, Volume: 22, Issue:3

    Topics: Antiparkinson Agents; Brain Diseases; Child; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dose-Response Relationship, Dru

2000
Gene mutation in hereditary progressive dystonia with marked diurnal fluctuation (HPD), strictly defined dopa-responsive dystonia.
    Brain & development, 2000, Volume: 22 Suppl 1

    Topics: Dihydroxyphenylalanine; DNA Mutational Analysis; Dystonia; Dystonic Disorders; Exons; Female; GTP Cy

2000
Dopa-responsive dystonia induced by a recessive GTP cyclohydrolase I mutation.
    Human genetics, 1999, Volume: 105, Issue:3

    Topics: Amino Acid Substitution; Cell Line; Child; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; DNA; DNA Mutational Analysis; DNA

1999
Dopa-responsive dystonia is induced by a dominant-negative mechanism.
    Annals of neurology, 2000, Volume: 48, Issue:4

    Topics: Animals; Cricetinae; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; GTP Cyclohydrolase; Kidney; Mutation

2000
Dopa-responsive dystonia: mutation analysis of GCH1 and analysis of therapeutic doses of L-dopa. German Dystonia Study Group.
    Neurology, 2000, Dec-12, Volume: 55, Issue:11

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Child; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; Female; GTP Cyclohydrolase; Humans; Male; Midd

2000
Diagnosis of dopa-responsive dystonia and other tetrahydrobiopterin disorders by the study of biopterin metabolism in fibroblasts.
    Clinical chemistry, 2001, Volume: 47, Issue:3

    Topics: Alcohol Oxidoreductases; Biopterins; Cell Extracts; Cells, Cultured; Cytokines; Dihydropteridine Red

2001
Dopa responsive dystonia and the Indian literature.
    The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India, 1995, Volume: 43, Issue:3

    Topics: Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopamine Agents; Dystonia; Humans; Publishing

1995
Girl with dopa-responsive dystonia.
    Journal of paediatrics and child health, 2001, Volume: 37, Issue:3

    Topics: Antiparkinson Agents; Child; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; Female; Humans; Treatment Outcome

2001
The long-term response to levodopa in dopa-responsive dystonia.
    Parkinsonism & related disorders, 2001, Volume: 8, Issue:1

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopamine Agents; Dystonia; Female; Humans; Levodopa

2001
A splice mutation in the GTP cyclohydrolase I gene causes dopa-responsive dystonia by exon skipping.
    Journal of inherited metabolic disease, 2001, Volume: 24, Issue:3

    Topics: Alleles; Amino Acid Sequence; Aromatic Amino Acid Decarboxylase Inhibitors; Base Sequence; Benserazi

2001
Selective decrease in central nervous system serotonin turnover in children with dopa-nonresponsive dystonia.
    Pediatric research, 2002, Volume: 52, Issue:1

    Topics: Adolescent; Central Nervous System; Child; Child, Preschool; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopamine Agents

2002
Increased striatal 18F-dopa uptake and normal glucose metabolism in idiopathic dystonia syndrome.
    Journal of the neurological sciences, 1992, Volume: 111, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Caudate Nucleus; Deoxyglucose; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopamine; Dystonia; Dystonia Musculoru

1992
Long-term treatment response and fluorodopa positron emission tomographic scanning of parkinsonism in a family with dopa-responsive dystonia.
    Annals of neurology, 1992, Volume: 32, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Brain; Child; Child, Preschool; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; Family; Female; Fluor

1992
Hereditary progressive dystonia with diurnal fluctuation (Segawa's syndrome)--an unusual case.
    Neuropediatrics, 1992, Volume: 23, Issue:5

    Topics: Body Weight; Child; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9; Circadian Rhythm; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia;

1992
Dopa-responsive dystonia with depigmentation of the substantia nigra and formation of Lewy bodies.
    Journal of the neurological sciences, 1992, Volume: 112, Issue:1-2

    Topics: Adult; Bromocriptine; Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopamine; Drug Therapy,

1992
Dopa-responsive dystonia: [18F]dopa positron emission tomography.
    Annals of neurology, 1991, Volume: 30, Issue:1

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Biological Transport; Caudate Nucleus; Decarboxylation; Dihydroxyphenylalan

1991
Dopa-responsive dystonia: long-term treatment response and prognosis.
    Neurology, 1991, Volume: 41, Issue:2 ( Pt 1)

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Carbamazepine; Child; Child, Preschool; Depression; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Disab

1991
Dopa-responsive dystonia masquerading as idiopathic kyphoscoliosis.
    Clinical neuropharmacology, 1991, Volume: 14, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Circadian Rhythm; Diagnosis, Differential; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; Female; Humans;

1991
Motor control in childhood onset dopa-responsive dystonia (Segawa syndrome).
    Neuropediatrics, 1989, Volume: 20, Issue:4

    Topics: Adolescent; Child; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dystonia; Humans; Male

1989
Determination of plasma [18F]-6-fluorodopa during positron emission tomography: elimination and metabolism in carbidopa treated subjects.
    Life sciences, 1986, Dec-08, Volume: 39, Issue:23

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Age Factors; Carbidopa; Chromatography, High Pressure

1986
A rostrocaudal gradient for aromatic acid decarboxylase in the human striatum.
    The Canadian journal of neurological sciences. Le journal canadien des sciences neurologiques, 1987, Volume: 14, Issue:3 Suppl

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aging; Aromatic-L-Amino-Acid Decarboxylases; Child; Corpus Striatum; Dihydroxyphe

1987