dihydrotachysterol and Hyperparathyroidism

Topics: Adult; Calcium; Carbimazole; Congenital Hypothyroidism; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Hyperthyroidism; Hypoparathyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Infant, Newborn; Parathyroid Diseases; Parathyroid Glands; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Propylthiouracil; Puerperal Disorders; Thyroid Diseases; Thyroxine

Topics: Adenoma; Child; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Humans; Hypercalcemia; Hyperparathyroidism; Hypoparathyroidism; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Parathyroid Diseases; Parathyroid Neoplasms; Pregnancy; Pseudohypoparathyroidism; Vitamin D

Dihydrotachysterol which was developed already 50 years ago is above all used in the substitution therapy of hypoparathyroidism. Its parathyreomimetic effectivity has led to an enlargement of the spectrum of indication during the last years; it allows the prophylactic use of dihydrotachysterol in chronic nephropathy in order to prevent by this means the risk of reactive hyperparathyroidism as well as its sequelae. On the basis of own experimental results the pathophysiologic prerequisites of this new form of treatment are discussed.

Topics: Chronic Disease; Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder; Dihydrotachysterol; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Parathyroid Glands

Since the introduction of irradiated ergosterol into our food supply, nutritional vitamin D-deficiency rickets has become an uncommon disease. However, skeletal disorders due to abnormalities of vitamin D function still occur. These disorders can now be classified more exactly into two groups: those in which there is a deficiency of the active metabolite of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and those in which there is an abnormality of renal tubular function resulting in renal hypophosphatemia despite normal vitamin D metabolism. The various entities of these two groups are described and the theoretical basis of their treatment given.

Topics: Dihydrotachysterol; Fanconi Syndrome; Glycosuria; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary; Hypophosphatemia, Familial; Infant; Osteomalacia; Phosphates; Renal Aminoacidurias; Rickets; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency

Topics: Adenoma; Alkaline Phosphatase; Calcitonin; Calcium; Dihydrotachysterol; Diuretics; Ergocalciferols; Female; Homeostasis; Humans; Hydroxyproline; Hyperparathyroidism; Hypocalcemia; Hypoparathyroidism; Male; Middle Aged; Osteitis Deformans; Parathyroid Glands; Parathyroid Hormone; Parathyroid Neoplasms; Phosphates; Sulfonamides; Thiadiazines

Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Bone and Bones; Dihydrotachysterol; Humans; Hydroxycholecalciferols; Hyperparathyroidism; Hypocalcemia; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Transplantation; Parathyroid Hormone; Renal Dialysis; Ultraviolet Therapy

Moderate dietary Na restriction (80 mmol/d for 7 days) during constant Ca intake can reduce high urinary Ca excretion to normal levels in idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH). A similar protocol was used to test its effect in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and also in hypoparathyroid subjects (HOPT) during treatment with dihydrotachysterol (DHT). Nine subjects with PHPT, 10 with HOPT, and one with pseudo-HOPT were evaluated after Na-restricted (80 mmol/d) and Na-supplemented (200 mmol/d) diets for 7 days each with dietary Ca constant. Na restriction resulted in a decrease in mean urinary 24-hour Ca excretion in PHPT subjects (10.6 v 7.6 mmol/d [424 v 304 mg], P less than 0.0001) and in one pseudo-HOPT subject, similar to the pattern seen previously in IH subjects. In contrast, Na restriction was not accompanied by significant change in Ca excretion in HOPT. There was no change in serum immunoreactive PTH (iPTH) or 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D levels in either group when Na intake was altered. Thus, the presence of parathyroid hormone (PTH) is necessary for sodium-related alterations in urinary Ca to occur. The effect of PTH appears to be "permissive" rather than "active." Dietary Na restriction may have a role in the management of hypercalciuria in mild PHPT cases when parathyroidectomy is contraindicated.

Topics: Calcitriol; Calcium; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Hypoparathyroidism; Male; Parathyroid Diseases; Parathyroid Hormone; Pseudohypoparathyroidism

Hyperparathyroidism during pregnancy is an uncommon condition. Several case reports and literature reviews in the last two decades have reported only benign tumors but have demonstrated that this disease is associated with significant neonatal morbidity and mortality as well as maternal morbidity. Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare disease entity associated with a much more severe course and prognosis than parathyroid adenomas; it has not been reported in a pregnant woman. We report here a case of a hyperfunctioning parathyroid carcinoma that presented as acute pancreatitis in pregnancy. The details of the case management and outcome in both the patients and infant are discussed. A summary of the literature on the findings and management of parathyroid carcinoma is also discussed in relation to this case report.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Calcium; Diagnosis, Differential; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Infant, Newborn; Pancreatitis; Parathyroid Neoplasms; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications

Topics: Bone Diseases; Calcium; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Genes, Dominant; Humans; Hypercalcemia; Hyperparathyroidism; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Parathyroid Glands; Pedigree

The therapeutic response to chemically synthesized 1alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol (1alpha-OH-D3) was studied in three patients with autosomal recessive vitamin D dependency (ARVDD). The daily maintenance dose for vitamin D2, to prevent signs of vitamin D deficiency in these patients, was 40-54.4 mug/kg, or about 100 times normal (Table 1). Withdrawal of maintenance therapy with vitamin D2 resulted in the ultimate reappearance of the vitamin D depletion syndrome in patients 1 and 2 (Figs. 1 and 2). The third patient presented with the deficiency syndrome despite adequate vitamin D nutrition and was recognized to have ARVDD. Treatment with 1alpha-OH-D3 by mouth in all three patients at dose levels of 1-3 mug/24 hr (80-100 ng/kg) corrected hypocalcemia and suppressed parathyroid hormone-dependent renal loss of amino acids (Figs. 1, 2, and 4). Rickets healed in 7-9 weeks on 1alpha-OH-D3 alone (Fig. 3). The therapeutic response was rapid. It was usually seen first in the rise of serum calcium (Figs. 5 and 6). Withdrawal of 1alpha-OH-D3 was followed first by a fall of serum phosphorus, then by a fall in serum calcium; the latter occurred within about 2 weeks of withdrawal. Because the synthesis of 1alpha-OH-D3 is simpler than for 1alpha,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol and because the former is an effective therapeutic analog of vitamin D hormone, we believe these studies in ARVDD reveal 1alpha-OH-D3 to be the agent of choice for treatment of this and analogous diseases.

Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Calcium; Child; Child, Preschool; Crystallization; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Growth; Humans; Hydroxycholecalciferols; Hyperparathyroidism; Infant; Phosphorus; Radiography; Renal Aminoacidurias; Vitamin D Deficiency

Topics: Acute Disease; Adenoma; Blood Volume; Central Venous Pressure; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Furosemide; Humans; Hypercalcemia; Hyperparathyroidism; Middle Aged; Parathyroid Neoplasms; Phosphates; Plasma Substitutes; Renal Dialysis

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adenoma; Adult; Aged; Calcitonin; Calcium; Carcinoma, Papillary; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary; Male; Middle Aged; Parathyroid Glands; Phosphates; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyroidectomy; Transplantation, Autologous

Topics: Adenosine Monophosphate; Adolescent; Alkaline Phosphatase; Amino Acids; Bone and Bones; Child; Child, Preschool; Cholecalciferol; Creatinine; Digestive System; Dihydrotachysterol; Humans; Hydroxycholecalciferols; Hyperparathyroidism; Hypocalcemia; Kidney; Male; Parathyroid Hormone; Rickets; Vitamin D

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Administration, Oral; Dihydrotachysterol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ergocalciferols; Female; Humans; Hydroxylation; Hyperparathyroidism; Middle Aged

Topics: Arm; Bone Diseases; Calcinosis; Calcium; Calcium Carbonate; Dihydrotachysterol; Hand; Hip Joint; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Leg; Male; Middle Aged; Parathyroid Glands; Phosphorus; Radiography; Renal Dialysis

Topics: Animals; Breast; Breast Diseases; Breast Neoplasms; Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Estrogens; Female; Humans; Hypercalcemia; Hyperparathyroidism; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Mitochondria; Neoplasm Metastasis; Premedication; Progesterone; Rats

Topics: Adult; Bone Diseases; Calcium; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Humans; Hypercalcemia; Hyperparathyroidism; Hypokalemia; Lactates; Male; Middle Aged; Polyuria; Prednisolone; Sodium; Sulfates; Urinary Calculi

Topics: Absorption; Adolescent; Adult; Autoanalysis; Biopsy; Bone Diseases; Calcium; Calcium Isotopes; Dihydrotachysterol; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Middle Aged; Renal Dialysis; Time Factors; Vitamin D

Topics: Creatinine; Dihydrotachysterol; Diuresis; Fasting; Female; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Hyperthyroidism; Hypoparathyroidism; Infusions, Parenteral; Inulin; Kidney Tubules; Methods; Phosphates; Postoperative Complications; Time Factors

Topics: Adolescent; Alkaline Phosphatase; Bone Development; Diagnosis, Differential; Dihydrotachysterol; Gait; Growth; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Hypocalcemia; Hypoparathyroidism; Male; Phosphorus; Radiography; Rickets

Topics: Adolescent; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Parathyroid Diseases; Pseudohypoparathyroidism; Radiography; Vitamin D

Topics: Adult; Animals; Calcium Carbonate; Calcium Metabolism Disorders; Calcium Phosphates; Calcium, Dietary; Diet; Dihydrotachysterol; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Male; Nephrocalcinosis; Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica; Parathyroid Hormone; Rats; Urinary Calculi; Vitamin A

Topics: Adolescent; Calcinosis; Calcium; Diagnosis, Differential; Dihydrotachysterol; Epilepsy; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Iodine Radioisotopes; Knee; Male; Parathyroid Hormone; Phosphorus; Phosphorus Isotopes; Pseudohypoparathyroidism; Radiography

Topics: Acidosis; Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Adenoma; Celiac Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Dihydrotachysterol; Electromyography; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Muscular Atrophy; Muscular Diseases; Osteomalacia; Parathyroid Neoplasms; Prednisone; Radiography; Sprue, Tropical

Topics: Bone and Bones; Calcium; Calcium Isotopes; Calcium Metabolism Disorders; Dihydrotachysterol; Ergocalciferols; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Hypoparathyroidism; Intestine, Small; Intestines; Kidney; Male; Radiometry

Topics: Adenoma; Antacids; Back Pain; Biopsy; Bone Diseases; Calcinosis; Calcium; Diagnosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Mandible; Parathyroid Neoplasms; Pathology; Radiography, Dental; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Tibia

Topics: Dihydrotachysterol; Drug Therapy; Ergocalciferols; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Hypocalcemia; Hypoparathyroidism; Tetany

Topics: Dihydrotachysterol; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Peptic Ulcer; Stomach Ulcer; Toxicology

Topics: Absorption; Calcium, Dietary; Digestion; Dihydrotachysterol; Ergocalciferols; Gastric Juice; Hyperparathyroidism; Hypoparathyroidism; Intestine, Small; Intestines; Rats; Research

Topics: Calcium; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Dihydrotachysterol; Ergocalciferols; Exostoses; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Myositis Ossificans; Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica; Parathyroid Glands; Pathology; Pseudohypoparathyroidism; Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism; Turner Syndrome

Topics: Carisoprodol; Dihydrotachysterol; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Hypoparathyroidism; Meprobamate; Parathyroid Diseases; Parathyroid Glands; Tissue Extracts; Vitamin D; Vitamins