dihydrotachysterol and Calcinosis

Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Calcinosis; Child, Preschool; Dihydrotachysterol; Humans; Hypercalcemia; Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary; Hyperplasia; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Transplantation; Parathyroid Glands; Parathyroid Hormone; Postoperative Complications; Preoperative Care; Pruritus; Transplantation, Homologous; Vitamin D

Topics: Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Calcium Metabolism Disorders; Dihydrotachysterol; Egg White; Egg Yolk; Hypersensitivity; Iron-Dextran Complex; Rats; Research; Toxicology

Topics: Aged; Brain Diseases; Calcinosis; Calcium; Dihydrotachysterol; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Hypoparathyroidism; Thyroidectomy; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Calcification complicates the use of the polymer polyurethane in cardiovascular implants. To date only costly experimental circulatory animal models have been useful for investigating this disease process. In this paper we report that polyurethane calcification in rat subdermal implants is enhanced by overdosing with a vitamin-D analog. The calcification-prone state, known as calciphylaxis, was induced in 4-week old rats by oral administration of a vitamin-D analog, dihydrotachysterol. We studied two commercially available polyurethanes (Biomer and Mitrathane) and two proprietary polyurethanes (PEU-2000 and PEU-100). PEU-100 is unique because it is derivatized with ethanehydroxy-bisphosphonate (EHBP) for calcification resistance. Polyurethane calcium and phosphate levels and morphological changes due to calciphylaxis were compared with those of control rat subdermal explants in 60-day studies. Increased polyurethane mineralization was observed due to calciphylaxis with 60-day rat subdermal explants of Biomer, Mitrathane, and PEU-2000 (calcium levels, respectively, 4.13 +/- 0.56, 18.61 +/- 2.73, and 3.37 +/- 0.22 microgram/mg, mean +/- standard error) as compared to control explants (calcium levels, respectively, 1.22 +/- 0.1, 12.57 +/- 0.86, and 0.20 +/- 0.86 microgram/mg). The study also demonstrated that with 60-day implants calciphylaxis had no side effects on somatic growth and serum calcium levels. Explant surface morphology of these polyurethane explants examined by scanning electron microscopy, back scattering electron imaging coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and light microscopy demonstrated the presence of predominantly surface-oriented calcification. PEU-100, derivatized with 100 n.moles/ mg of EHBP, resisted calcification with explant calcium levels 0.51 +/- 0.01 (calciphylaxis) and 0.38 +/- 0.01 (control) microgram/mg. It is concluded that calciphylaxis enhances superficial polyurethane calcification in rat subdermal implants and that an EHBP-modified polyurethane resists calcification despite calciphylaxis. Rat subdermal implants using calciphylaxis may be generally useful for evaluating the calcification potential of various biomedical polymers.

Topics: Animals; Biocompatible Materials; Blood Vessel Prosthesis; Calcinosis; Calcium; Dihydrotachysterol; Heart Valve Prosthesis; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Phosphates; Polymers; Polyurethanes; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Brain Damage, Chronic; Calcinosis; Calcium Carbonate; Cognition Disorders; Dihydrotachysterol; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Hypoparathyroidism; Male; Middle Aged; Neuropsychological Tests; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

A patient with longstanding pseudohypoparathyroidism undergoing substitution with dihydrotachysterin, with normal to low serum calcium and phosphorus levels, developed extensive calcification of the subcutaneous tissue and an obliterative and calcified arteriopathy of the small subcutaneous arteries with ischemic skin signs (livedo reticularis, skin infarction and ulcerative necrosis). After stimulation with exogenous parathyroid hormone there was no increase in urinary cyclic AMP and the G-unit was significantly decreased. It was concluded that the patient is suffering from pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1a. The likely pathophysiological mechanisms and the therapeutic implications are discussed.

Topics: Arteries; Calcinosis; Calcium; Cyclic AMP; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Necrosis; Pseudohypoparathyroidism; Skin; Vascular Diseases

Calciphylaxis is a local tissue calcific reaction at the site of an injection of challenger substance given a critical time period after the oral administration of a sensitizer substance such as dihydrotachysterol (DHT), vitamin D or parathormone. Cutaneous calciphylaxis is readily induced in the rat but not in the mouse and this may be because, in the latter, the challenger substance is absorbed rapidly by macrophages. In the rat the administration of 500 micrograms/0.1 ml of DHT followed after 24 h by the subcutaneous (SC) injection of ferric chloride (FeCl3) (30 micrograms/0.1 ml) is followed rapidly by calcification of the SC site. There is an early transient acute inflammatory reaction with the incrustation of collagen fibres by the iron salt and an apparent exudation of calcium and phosphate ions from the bloodstream. These ions also become associated with collagen fibres. Two days after injection macrophages and multinucleated giant cells become the dominant cells. Calciphylaxis is a useful experimental model of ectopic calcification and is associated with an initial hypercalcaemia. The diphosphonates ethane-1-hydroxy-1, 1-diphosphonate (EHDP) and dichloromethylene diphosphonate (Cl2MDP) are effective inhibitors of the calciphylactic reaction when administered prior to the initiation of the experimental procedure.

Topics: Animals; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Chlorides; Clodronic Acid; Dihydrotachysterol; Diphosphonates; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Etidronic Acid; Female; Ferric Compounds; Macrophages; Mice; Muscles; Rats; Skin Diseases

Topics: Aging; Animals; Bone and Bones; Calcinosis; Calcium; Dihydrotachysterol; Environment; Progeria; Rats; Syndrome

The neurological manifestations of idiopathic hypoparathyroidism in a father, his son, and his daughter are reported. In all three epilepsy was the first manifestation of the disease. Father and son also showed mental deterioration and striocerebellar symptoms; their CT scans revealed symmetrical calcification in the basal ganglia and dentate nuclei. The extent of this calcification increased during normocalcemia, which was produced by dihydrotachysterol therapy. This indicates that other factors than merely hypocalcemia influence the intracerebral calcifying process. Somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP) showed an abnormal nonspecific complex, indicating dysfunction of the cortical gray matter. It is suggested that in the evaluation of idiopathic hypoparathyroidism one also must be beware of the possibility of epilepsy, mental deterioration, striocerebellar symptoms, intracerebral calcification and SSEP disturbances.

Topics: Adult; Basal Ganglia Diseases; Brain Diseases; Calcinosis; Cerebellar Diseases; Cerebellar Nuclei; Dihydrotachysterol; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Female; Genes, Dominant; Humans; Hypoparathyroidism; Male; Middle Aged; Radiography

Topics: Animals; Aorta; Aortic Diseases; Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Edetic Acid; Glucagon; Rabbits

Topics: Animals; Calcinosis; Calcium; Dihydrotachysterol; Etidronic Acid; Heart; Hypercalcemia; Isoproterenol; Myocardium; Nifedipine; Rats

Alteration of the metabolism of calcium and phosphate may be associated with symmetric cerebral calcification. Detailed investigations of the function of parathyroid glands including computer tomography of the brain are so far missing. In 6 patients with clinical and biochemical signs of altered function of the parathyroid glands symmetric cerebral calcification could be demonstrated by computer tomography. They are also visible by X-ray examination in one patient. Consequently, functional disturbances of the brain, cerebellum and of the extrapyramidal system may occur. Moreover, the combination of hypoparathyroidism and hypothyroidism also appears to result in the development of symmetric cerebral calcification. The pathogenesis of the calcification as well as therapeutic approaches will be discussed.

Topics: Adult; Calcinosis; Calcium; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Humans; Magnesium; Male; Middle Aged; Parathyroid Diseases; Parathyroid Hormone; Phosphorus; Thyroid Diseases; Thyroxine; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Vitamin D

Aortic medial calcification was investigated in rats in which the progeria-like syndrome (PLS) was evoked by administering dihydrotachysterol. In 35 experimental rats and 15 controls, calcification was studied morphologically by light and electron microscopy, and by enzyme histochemistry. Body weight, food intake and serum calcium levels were also determined. Calcification occurred along and on the elastic lamellae in association with the accumulation of ground substance. In the smooth-muscle cells surrounding the calcified foci, the activities of various lysosomal enzymes increased concomitantly with a tendency toward transformation of smooth-muscle cells to a modified form. From these observations, the role of ground-substance formation by smooth-muscle cells is postulated, and participation in the catabolism of ground substance by the lysosomal enzymes of these cells is suggested. It appears the increased activity of adenosine monophosphatase should be linked to the calcification. The etiology of weight loss, skin manifestations and aortic calcification in PLS rats seems to be different from that in human progeric diseases. Therefore, the PLS rat should not be readily accepted as an animal model for the study of progeric diseases.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Animals; Aorta; Aortic Diseases; Apyrase; Body Weight; Calcinosis; Calcium; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Glucuronidase; Hexosaminidases; Histocytochemistry; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Rats; Werner Syndrome

Topics: Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Austria; Calcinosis; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Rats

21 hypocalcemic patients on regular hemodialysis were treated for 2 months with 0.2 mg and for a further 2 months with 0.46 mg dihydrotachysterol daily. 8 normocalcemic patients served as a control group. Radiological and radiodensitometric investigations were undertaken in all patients at regular intervals. Slight signs of renal osteopathy with a predominant osteomalacic component could be established in the skeletal X-ray in 55% of all patients. Compared with a healthy collective, all dialysis patients showed a small but significant reduction of bone mineralisation radiodensitometrically before the beginning of treatment. During treatment with dihydrotachysterol, the patients showed a significant demineralisation of the skeleton. In four cases the characteristics of the osteopathy also increased in the skeletal radiography. During the same period of observation, none of the untreated patients showed any change of the bone mineralisation.

Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adolescent; Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Bone and Bones; Bone Resorption; Calcinosis; Calcium; Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder; Creatinine; Dihydrotachysterol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Long-Term Care; Male; Middle Aged; Parathyroid Hormone; Phosphates; Renal Dialysis

Early dihydrotachysterol-induced calcification of the rat aorta occurs in elastic lamellae. The first deposition of inorganic substance leads to the formation of very thin filament-like structures of low electron density. The characteristic shape of these structures suggests that they could correspond to calcified filamentous components of the elastic tissue. When calcification spreads from the calcified elastic lamellae into the adjacent tissue, the inorganic substance is initially collected in roundish structures, probably of cellular origin, and is successively laid down in the entire matrix of the aortic wall, including collagen fibrils. All the calcified areas contain glycoproteins and acid proteoglycans. A cartilage-like tissue often develops near calcified areas. Its fine structure is very similar to that of the normal hyaline cartilage. It can be calcified, but usually the inorganic substance is not crystalline as it is in normal cartilage. It seems to consist of very small, linearly aggregated inorganic granules which form irregular structures. These seem to develop in close relationship with the fibrillar, probably collagenic, network of the matrix. No ultrastructural findings have been obtained for explaining cartilage induction near calcified areas of the aortic wall. It is possible that cartilage differentiation is regulated by diffusible substances which cannot be recognized under the electron microscope.

Topics: Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Aortic Diseases; Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Elastic Tissue; Glycoproteins; Microscopy, Electron; Proteoglycans; Rats; Staining and Labeling

Topics: Animals; Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Muscles; Myocardium; Rats

Topics: Animals; Aorta; Aortic Diseases; Calcinosis; Calcium; Dihydrotachysterol; Histocytochemistry; Rats

Experimentally induced calcification within mitochondria has been studied electron rnicroscopically. Cells investigated comprise hepatic cells damaged by CCl(4) intoxication, myocardial cells damaged by prolonged dihydrotachysterol (DHT) administration, and cells from skeletal muscle (gastrocnemius) damaged by DHT sensibilization and local injury. Cells from a human bowel carcinoma were studied too. Two types of intramitochondrial inorganic inclusion have been found. The first consists of clusters of apatite-like, needle-shaped crystals (crystalline aggregates), the second of clusters of very fine granules (granular aggregates). The former have been found mainly in mitochondria in apparently normal myocardial and muscular cells, the latter in mitochondria of degenerated hepatic, neoplastic, and myocardial cells. Crystalline aggregates are closely related to the membranes of cristae at first, but they later spread to occupy the whole mitochondrial matrix. Granular aggregates are initially found in the mitochondrial matrix near, but perhaps not touching, cristae; by growing they come into close contact with cristal membranes. Both types of aggregate show intrinsic electron opacity, which disappears after formic acid decalcification. Only the crystalline aggregates give an electron diffraction pattern of crystallinity. Uranium and lead staining of decalcified sections shows that both types of aggregate are intimately connected with an organic substrate. The substrate of crystalline aggregates consists of very thin, elongated structures shaped like the inorganic crystals. The substrate of granular aggregates consists of amorphous material gathered in clusters, with the same roundish shape and intercristal position as the inorganic granules. Both types of substrate are stained by phosphotungstic acid at low pH and by silver nitrate-methenamine after periodic acid oxidation. These results show that the organic content of the substrates includes glycoproteins; they have been confirmed by the periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) method under the optical microscope. These findings have been discussed in relation to the recent discovery of organic Ca(2+)-binding sites in mitochondria and to the general problems of soft tissue calcification.

Topics: Animals; Calcinosis; Calcium; Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning; Cardiomyopathies; Cytological Techniques; Dihydrotachysterol; Glycoproteins; Humans; Inclusion Bodies; Intestinal Neoplasms; Lead; Liver; Microscopy, Electron; Mitochondria, Liver; Mitochondria, Muscle; Muscles; Muscular Diseases; Myocardium; Rats; Staining and Labeling; Uranium

Focal areas of calcification are frequent in rat myocardium 30 and 60 days after administration of dihydrotachysterol. These areas are PAS-positive, stain deeply with alcian blue and show high affinity for colloidal iron. Calcification is almost completely confined to intracellular structures. Small clusters of needle-shaped crystals are first found in apparently undamaged mitochondria in undamaged myocardial cells. When all the mitochondria are calcified, the cell degenerates, and inorganic crystals are laid down in relationship with its myofilaments. In other myocardial cells, clusters of amorphous or finely granular inorganic substance are found in both mitochondria and myofibrils. Both structures show signs of advanced degeneration. Inorganic substance has only occasionally been found within the structures of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. These structures do not seem to be involved in myocardial calcification under the present experimental conditions. Calcification of myocardial cells gives rise to a cellular reaction. Many macrophagic cells surround the calcified areas, which are rapidly reabsorbed. The present results show that myocardial mitochondria are actively engaged in controlling the intracellular concentration and movement of calcium ions. Their role in the myocardial contraction-relaxation cycle and the possible mechanism of myocardial calcification are discussed.

Topics: Animals; Calcinosis; Cardiomyopathies; Dihydrotachysterol; Disease Models, Animal; Edetic Acid; Female; Hypercalcemia; Microscopy, Electron; Mitochondria, Muscle; Myocardium; Rats

Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Calcinosis; Cell Membrane Permeability; Collagen; Dihydrotachysterol; Glycosaminoglycans; Hypercalcemia; Rats; Skin Diseases

Topics: Acetates; Animals; Calcinosis; Calcium; Capillary Permeability; Coloring Agents; Dihydrotachysterol; Fluorescence; Injections, Subcutaneous; Lead; Male; Phosphorus; Rats; Skin; Time Factors

Topics: Animals; Calcinosis; Chlorides; Condiments; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Mercury; Rats; Species Specificity

Topics: Animals; Aortic Diseases; Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Estradiol; Kidney Diseases; Organophosphonates; Phloretin; Phosphates; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Rats; Skin Diseases

Topics: Arm; Bone Diseases; Calcinosis; Calcium; Calcium Carbonate; Dihydrotachysterol; Hand; Hip Joint; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Leg; Male; Middle Aged; Parathyroid Glands; Phosphorus; Radiography; Renal Dialysis

Topics: Animals; Breast; Breast Diseases; Breast Neoplasms; Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Estrogens; Female; Humans; Hypercalcemia; Hyperparathyroidism; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Mitochondria; Neoplasm Metastasis; Premedication; Progesterone; Rats

Topics: Animals; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Calcium; Dihydrotachysterol; Estrogens; Ethionine; Female; Gestational Age; Iron; Placenta Diseases; Pregnancy; Progesterone; Rats; Testosterone

Topics: Animals; Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Calcium; Dihydrotachysterol; Hair; Hypercalcemia; Keratins; Male; Phosphorus; Rats; Skin; Time Factors; X-Ray Diffraction

Topics: Animals; Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Histocytochemistry; Microscopy; Microscopy, Electron; Mitochondria, Muscle; Muscles; Myofibrils; Physical Stimulation; Rats; Sarcolemma; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Arteriosclerosis; Blood Vessels; Calcinosis; Calcium; Calcium Chloride; Cholecalciferol; Choline; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Rats

Topics: Animals; Calcinosis; Cornea; Dihydrotachysterol; Disease Models, Animal; Eye Diseases; Histocytochemistry; Rabbits

Topics: Aging; Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Calcinosis; Calcium; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Growth Hormone; Phosphorus; Rats; Transplantation, Homologous

Topics: Animals; Aorta; Body Weight; Calcinosis; Calcium; Dihydrotachysterol; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP); Female; Femur; Hypercalcemia; Kidney; Organ Size; Osteoporosis; Progeria; Rats; Tail

Topics: Animals; Calcinosis; Calcitonin; Calcium; Chlorides; Chromium; Dihydrotachysterol; Hypercalcemia; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Subcutaneous; Lung; Nephrocalcinosis; Rats; Stomach

Topics: Animals; Calcinosis; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Dihydrotachysterol; Germany, West

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Calcinosis; Diabetes Mellitus; Dihydrotachysterol; Hypercalcemia; Joint Diseases; Male; Rats

Topics: Animals; Arsenicals; Calcinosis; Dermatitis, Contact; Dihydrotachysterol; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Dinitrophenols; Eczema; Female; Guinea Pigs; Hemorrhage; Hypersensitivity; Necrosis; Rats; Skin Diseases

Topics: Animals; Calcinosis; Calcium; Dihydrotachysterol; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glycosaminoglycans; Histocytochemistry; Rats; Scleroderma, Systemic; Skin Diseases

Topics: Animals; Benz(a)Anthracenes; Calcinosis; Castration; Dihydrotachysterol; Estradiol; Female; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental; Progesterone; Rats; Testosterone; Triamcinolone

Topics: Animals; Aorta; Arteries; Calcinosis; Coronary Vessels; Dihydrotachysterol; Diphosphates; Female; Glycerophosphates; Histological Techniques; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Subcutaneous; Kidney; Myocardium; Nephrocalcinosis; Phosphates; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Pulmonary Artery; Rats; Vascular Diseases

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Animals; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Calcium; Calcium Chloride; Cerium; Connective Tissue; Dextrans; Dihydrotachysterol; Edema; Egg White; Female; Iron-Dextran Complex; Lead; Mast Cells; Polymyxins; Potassium Permanganate; Rats; Triamcinolone

Topics: Acetates; Animals; Aorta; Arteries; Axillary Artery; Calcinosis; Carotid Arteries; Chlorides; Cobalt; Coronary Vessels; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Femoral Artery; Histological Techniques; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Iron-Dextran Complex; Kidney; Magnesium; Manganese; Myocardium; Nephrocalcinosis; Rats; Vascular Diseases; Zinc

Topics: Animals; Breast; Breast Diseases; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Calcium; Dihydrotachysterol; Ethionine; Female; Histocytochemistry; Hypercalcemia; Kidney; Lactation; Liver; Lung; Mammary Glands, Animal; Mice; Milk; Milk, Human; Myocardium; Pregnancy; Stomach

Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Calcinosis; Calcium; Cornea; Corneal Injuries; Dihydrotachysterol; Epithelium; Eye Diseases; Fibroblasts; Freezing; Guinea Pigs; Histocytochemistry; Injections; Potassium Permanganate; Rabbits; Radiography; Radioisotopes; Rats; Time Factors

Topics: Animals; Aorta; Arteries; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Coronary Vessels; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Male; Progeria; Rats; Testosterone; Vascular Diseases; Vitamin D

Topics: Alloxan; Animals; Calcinosis; Cornea; Dihydrotachysterol; Eye; Eye Diseases; Guinea Pigs; Rabbits; Rats; Vascular Diseases

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Animals; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Connective Tissue; Dihydrotachysterol; Edema; Female; Foot Diseases; Formaldehyde; Hemorrhage; Inflammation; Ischemia; Lead; Necrosis; Pharmacology; Potassium Permanganate; Rats; Serotonin; Stress, Physiological; Thrombosis

Topics: Animals; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Chlorides; Dextrans; Dihydrotachysterol; Histocytochemistry; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Subcutaneous; Intestine, Large; Iron; Mast Cells; Muscles; Ovalbumin; Rats; Skin; Surface-Active Agents

Topics: Animals; Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Histocytochemistry; Lymph Nodes; Organ Size; Prednisolone; Rats; Regeneration; Thymus Gland; Triamcinolone

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antimalarials; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Cardiac Glycosides; Coronary Disease; Dextrans; Diet; Dihydrotachysterol; Epinephrine; Heart Diseases; Hyalin; Magnesium Deficiency; Nephrectomy; Parathyroid Hormone; Phosphates; Polymyxins; Polysaccharides; Potassium Deficiency; Sodium; Stress, Physiological; Vitamin D

Topics: Animals; Calcinosis; Calcium; Dihydrotachysterol; Diphosphates; Female; Hypercalcemia; Parathyroid Hormone; Rats; Skin

Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Blood Proteins; Calcinosis; Connective Tissue; Dihydrotachysterol; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Protein Binding; Rats

Topics: Anabolic Agents; Animals; Blood Pressure; Calcinosis; Calcium; Dihydrotachysterol; Rats; Vascular Diseases

Topics: Animals; Blood Proteins; Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Rats; Skin

Topics: Adult; Bone Resorption; Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Humans; Lumbar Vertebrae; Nephrocalcinosis; Radiography; Substance-Related Disorders

Topics: Adolescent; Calcinosis; Calcium; Diagnosis, Differential; Dihydrotachysterol; Epilepsy; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Iodine Radioisotopes; Knee; Male; Parathyroid Hormone; Phosphorus; Phosphorus Isotopes; Pseudohypoparathyroidism; Radiography

Topics: Animals; Aortic Diseases; Arteriosclerosis; Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Heart Diseases; Lung Diseases; Rats

Topics: Animals; Apatites; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Collagen; Dihydrotachysterol; Microscopy, Electron; Rats; Skin Diseases

Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Hypophysectomy; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Photomicrography; Rats

Topics: Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aortic Diseases; Arteriosclerosis; Blood; Body Weight; Calcinosis; Coronary Disease; Dihydrotachysterol; Female; Hypercalcemia; In Vitro Techniques; Kidney Diseases; Lactation; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Animal; Rats

Topics: Animals; Bone Development; Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Ear Diseases; Ear Ossicles; Ear, Inner; Labyrinth Diseases; Otosclerosis; Progeria; Rats

Topics: Animals; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Dihydrotachysterol; Necrosis; Phosphates; Rats; Skin Diseases; X-Ray Diffraction

Topics: Animals, Newborn; Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Pathology; Pharmacology; Rats; Research; Thymus Gland; Toxicology; Triamcinolone

Topics: Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Calcium; Calcium, Dietary; Dihydrotachysterol; Iron-Dextran Complex; Lead; Nephrocalcinosis; Pathology; Polymyxins; Rats; Research; Skin Diseases; Toxicology

Topics: Anabolic Agents; Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Metabolism; Rats; Research; Steroids; Testosterone Congeners; Toxicology

Topics: Calcinosis; Choristoma; Dihydrotachysterol; Drug Therapy; Female; Placenta; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Tetany; Toxicology

Topics: Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Epinephrine; Heart Diseases; Parathyroid Glands; Rats; Research; Thrombosis; Tissue Extracts; Toxicology

Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Aging; Aluminum; Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Cholecalciferol; Chromium; Dextrans; Dihydrotachysterol; Egg Yolk; Ergocalciferols; Iron-Dextran Complex; Methyltestosterone; Rats; Research; Skin; Toxicology; Vitamin E

Topics: Calcinosis; Dermatology; Dihydrotachysterol; Hypercalcemia; Nephrocalcinosis; Pathology; Rats; Research; Skin Diseases; Toxicology

Topics: Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Cholecalciferol; Dihydrotachysterol; Myocardium; Papain; Pathology; Potassium; Quinolines; Rats; Research; Stress, Physiological; Toxicology

Topics: Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Denervation; Dihydrotachysterol; Muscular Dystrophies; Nerve Degeneration; Pathology; Rats; Research; Spinal Nerves; Vagotomy

Topics: Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Connective Tissue; Dihydrotachysterol; Pharmacology; Polyvinyls; Rats; Research

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Hypersensitivity; Iron; Pharmacology; Rats; Research; Toxicology

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Aging; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Bone and Bones; Bone Marrow; Breast Neoplasms; Calcinosis; Calcium; Cortisone; Dihydrotachysterol; Estrone; Femur; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Mammary Neoplasms, Animal; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Transplantation; Pharmacology; Rats; Research

Topics: Adenoma; Antacids; Back Pain; Biopsy; Bone Diseases; Calcinosis; Calcium; Diagnosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Mandible; Parathyroid Neoplasms; Pathology; Radiography, Dental; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Tibia

Topics: Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Dihydrotachysterol; Hypersensitivity; Rats; Toxicology

Topics: Adipose Tissue; Alopecia; Aortic Diseases; Atrophy; Calcinosis; Cockayne Syndrome; Coronary Disease; Dihydrotachysterol; Emaciation; Kidney Diseases; Kyphosis; Muscular Atrophy; Osteosclerosis; Pathology; Pharmacology; Progeria; Rats; Research; Sex; Sex Characteristics; Skin Diseases; Tooth Abnormalities; Toxicology

Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Calcinosis; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Collagen; Dihydrotachysterol; Egg White; Fibroblasts; Glycosaminoglycans; Histocytochemistry; Hyaluronic Acid; Iron-Dextran Complex; Mast Cells; Pathology; Rats; Research; Skin Diseases; Toxicology

Topics: Alloxan; Calcinosis; Cholecalciferol; Dihydrotachysterol; Ergocalciferols; Islands; Islets of Langerhans; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Tubules; Nephrocalcinosis; Pancreas; Pathology; Rats; Research

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Basal Ganglia; Calcinosis; Cataract; Cholecystectomy; Dihydrotachysterol; Drug Therapy; Ganglia; Humans; Hypocalcemia; Hypoparathyroidism; Pancreatitis; Pneumonia; Postoperative Complications; Radiography, Thoracic; Sarcoidosis; Tetanus; Tetanus Toxoid

Topics: Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Dihydrotachysterol; Pharmacology; Potassium Permanganate; Rats; Research; Sclerosis; Trachea

Topics: Calcinosis; Dermatology; Dihydrotachysterol; Metals

Topics: Bacitracin; Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Lacrimal Apparatus

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Iron-Dextran Complex; Mast Cells; Mastectomy

Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Dihydrotachysterol; Histamine Release; Humans; Iron; Mast Cells; Skin; Stress, Physiological

Topics: Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Chelating Agents; Dihydrotachysterol; Skin

In an attempt to combine the results obtained by Miller (mice thymectomized at birth accepted homograft at six weeks of age) and those obtained by Selye (selective calcification of the cortex of the thymus with calciphylaxis), calcification of the thymus was produced by the combined injection of dihydrotachysterol and triamcinolone, in non-inbred Sprague-Dawley and hooded, eight-week-old rats. Six days after the beginning of treatment, full-thickness skin homografts were performed on the rats.Homografts exchanged between two rats with complete calcification of the thymus cortex were accepted for an extended period of time, which in the oldest rats at the time of writing was seven months. Homografts exchanged between rats with incomplete calcification of the thymus resulted in a prolonged homograft survival with final rejection within a period of three weeks. Homografts exchanged between rats that were not treated, surgically thymectomized at the same age as the treated animals, or treated with only one of the two substances used for thymus calcification, resulted in rejection in the average time of eight days.

Topics: Allografts; Animals; Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Dihydrotachysterol; Mice; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Research; Skin Transplantation; Thymectomy; Thymus Gland; Transplantation, Homologous; Triamcinolone

Topics: Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Hypophysectomy; Myocardium; Necrosis; Parathyroid Glands; Pathology; Rats; Research; Serotonin; Triamcinolone

Topics: Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Calcium; Calcium, Dietary; Dihydrotachysterol; Rats; Research; Salivary Glands; Serotonin

Topics: Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Chlortetracycline; Cholecalciferol; Connective Tissue; Dihydrotachysterol; Fluorescence; Gastric Mucosa; Kidney; Lung; Microradiography; Microscopy; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Muscle, Smooth; Parathyroid Hormone; Rats; Research; Stomach; Tetracycline; Toxicology

Topics: Aging; Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Dextrans; Dihydrotachysterol; Iron; Rats; Research; Rotator Cuff; Shoulder

Topics: Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Calcium Metabolism Disorders; Dihydrotachysterol; Histamine Release; Humans; Skin; Vitamin D

Topics: Aging; Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Dihydrotachysterol; Iron-Dextran Complex

Topics: Aging; Animals; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Dihydrotachysterol; Iron-Dextran Complex; Joint Diseases; Mice; Progeria; Rabbits

Topics: Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Coronary Disease; Coronary Occlusion; Dihydrotachysterol; Infarction; Iron

Topics: Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Calcium; Calcium, Dietary; Dihydrotachysterol; Hypersensitivity; Skin Physiological Phenomena

Topics: Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Humans; Hypercalcemia; Hypophysectomy; Nephrocalcinosis; Osteitis; Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica; Parathyroid Hormone

Topics: Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Myocarditis; Myositis; Serotonin; Vitamin E

Topics: Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Chromium; Dihydrotachysterol; Hypersensitivity; Immune System Diseases; Iron; Parathyroid Hormone

Topics: Calcinosis; Calcium; Dihydrotachysterol; Phosphorus; Phosphorus, Dietary; Skin Diseases; Vitamin D; Vitamins

Topics: Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Dihydrotachysterol; Egg White; Iron; Oils

Topics: Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Skin Diseases

Topics: Calcinosis; Calcium; Dihydrotachysterol; Hypersensitivity

Topics: Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Diethylstilbestrol; Dihydrotachysterol; Drug Overdose; Kidney; Thallium

Topics: Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Skin Diseases

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Calcification, Physiologic; Calcinosis; Cortisone; Desoxycorticosterone; Desoxycorticosterone Acetate; Dihydrotachysterol; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Rats; Tetracycline

Experiments on albino rats showed that short-term overdosage with dihydrotachysterol, in amounts causing only traces of soft-tissue calcification, induced a very pronounced calcium deposition in the heart, aorta, and kidney when the animals were simultaneously treated with phenylbutazone. Special attention is called to the fact that, under these experimental conditions, it is possible to obtain consistently a massive calcium deposition in the stroma of the renal papilla similar to that seen in "Randall's plaques" during the development of urolithiasis in man.

Topics: Animals; Aorta; Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Humans; Kidney; Male; Phenylbutazone; Rats

Topics: Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Humans; Scleroderma, Systemic; Sclerosis; Skin Diseases

Topics: Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Humans; Tuberculosis; Vitamin D; Vitamins

Topics: Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Protective Agents

Topics: Autonomic Nervous System Diseases; Blood Pressure; Calcinosis; Dihydrotachysterol; Disease; Humans; Hypertension; Parathyroid Diseases; Parathyroid Glands