dieldrin and Kidney-Diseases

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum L.) upon dieldrin-induced perturbations of haematological parameters and damages to liver and kidney of male Wistar rats. Under our experimental conditions, dieldrin poisoning resulted in 1) an alteration of several haematological parameters, 2) an oxidative stress evidenced by an increase of lipids peroxidation level associated with an increase of superoxide dismutase activity and a decrease of glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities in hepatic and renal tissues, 3) increased levels of glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, urea, uric acid and proteins in blood, 4) increased activities of lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase and transaminases in blood. Previous administration of fenugreek was found to hinder these dieldrin-induced damages: all hematological, renal and hepatic biomarkers, level of lipids peroxidation and activities of catalase and glutathione-peroxidase in liver and kidney were kept close to control values. This protective effect is mainly attributed to antioxidant properties of fenugreek.

Topics: Animals; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Cholinesterase Reactivators; Dieldrin; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Liver; Male; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reactive Oxygen Species; Treatment Outcome; Trigonella

Renal lesions developed in Osborne-Mendel male and female rats ingesting dieldrin or aldrin in the diet. Chronic interstitial nephritis was seen in rats surviving for 52 wk or longer. The incidence of nephritis was highest and the lesion was most severe in male rats given the higher dose levels of dieldrin, 50 ppm or higher. Over one-half of the rats fed dieldrin or aldrin at 150 ppm, and many fed 100 ppm, died from renal necrosis and sometimes hepatic necrosis during the first year. More female rats died from renal necrosis than did male rats. Rats dying from renal necrosis did not develop tumors; those from severe chronic nephritis either did not have tumors or had preneoplastic lesions that would have become tumors if the animal had lived longer. Thus acute and chronic effects should both be examined carefully when evaluating the safety of a chemical. In addition to causing the death of the animal, acute and chronic toxic effects can prevent the development of malignant tumors by shortening the animal's life span or by causing illness and inhibiting the development of a tumor that otherwise might occur in a healthy animal.

Topics: Aldrin; Animals; Dieldrin; Female; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Neoplasms; Male; Necrosis; Nephritis; Rats; Sex Factors

Topics: Adult; Agriculture; Chlordan; Dieldrin; Environmental Exposure; Hexachlorocyclohexane; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Function Tests; Kidney Tubules; Male; Occupational Diseases; Pesticides

Topics: Adipose Tissue; Arteriosclerosis; Brain Chemistry; Brain Neoplasms; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Chromatography, Gas; DDT; Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane; Dieldrin; Encephalomalacia; Humans; Hypertension; Kidney Diseases; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Diseases; Liver Neoplasms; Pesticides; Statistics as Topic

Topics: Aldrin; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Dieldrin; Dogs; Hepatitis; Hepatitis A; Insecticides; Kidney Diseases; Pathology; Poisoning; Rats; Research; Statistics as Topic; Toxicology