diclofenac and Teeth, Impacted studies

Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.
diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"Diclofenac sodium is a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for relief of inflammatory pain."	6.87	Submucosal Diclofenac for Acute Postoperative Pain in Third Molar Surgery: A Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial. ( Ahmed, B; Bulsara, Y; Dietrich, T; Gorecki, P; Pearson, D; Rainsford, KD; Saund, D; Taneja, P, 2018)
"Postoperative pain was self-recorded by the patients using a numerical rating scale at 24-hour intervals for a period of 72 hours."	2.87	Pre-Emptive Effect of Dexamethasone and Diclofenac Sodium Associated With Codeine on Pain, Swelling, and Trismus After Third Molar Surgery: A Split-Mouth, Randomized, Triple-Blind, Controlled Clinical Trial. ( Bagordakis, E; Dos Santos, CRR; Falci, SGM; Lima, TC; Pinheiro, MLP, 2018)
"Diclofenac sodium is a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for relief of inflammatory pain."	2.87	Submucosal Diclofenac for Acute Postoperative Pain in Third Molar Surgery: A Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial. ( Ahmed, B; Bulsara, Y; Dietrich, T; Gorecki, P; Pearson, D; Rainsford, KD; Saund, D; Taneja, P, 2018)
"They reported significantly less postoperative pain at various time points within 24h after surgery and also consumed significantly less rescue medication (paracetamol (acetaminophen)) throughout the study when they took diclofenac combined with codeine than when they took only diclofenac."	2.84	Efficacy of oral diclofenac with or without codeine for pain control after invasive bilateral third molar extractions. ( Brozoski, DT; Calvo, AM; Dionisio, TJ; Faria, FAC; Lauris, JRP; Santos, CF; Simoneti, LF; Torres, EA; Weckwerth, GM; Zupelari-Goncalves, P, 2017)
"No difference was noted regarding trismus in any of the groups."	2.79	Comparison of the effect of naproxen, etodolac and diclofenac on postoperative sequels following third molar surgery: a randomised, double-blind, crossover study. ( Akbulut, N; Atakan, C; Çölok, G; Üstüner, E, 2014)
"A nonsignificant reduction in trismus occurred in both treatment groups compared with the placebo group."	2.79	Perioperative bromelain reduces pain and swelling and improves quality of life measures after mandibular third molar surgery: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. ( Al-Mashhadani, BA; Majid, OW, 2014)
"Postoperative pain was assessed with a visual analogue scale at 4, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h postoperatively (p."	2.77	Comparative study of tramadol combined with dexamethasone and diclofenac sodium in third-molar surgery. ( Brandão, JR; da Silva, LC; de Assunção Oliveira, AC; de Santana Santos, T; de Sousa Santos, JA; Menezes Júnior, LR, 2012)
"and group L 8 mg lornoxicam i."	2.76	Postoperative analgesia in impacted third molar surgery: the role of preoperative diclofenac sodium, paracetamol and lornoxicam. ( Alanoglu, Z; Demiralp, S; Ozturk, A; Tuzuner Oncul, AM; Ucok, C; Yazicioglu, D, 2011)
" Pain intensity was measured using the categorical scale and the primary efficacy variable was the summed pain intensity difference over 8 hours after dosing (SPID-8)."	2.73	Lumiracoxib 400 mg compared with celecoxib 400 mg and placebo for treating pain following dental surgery: a randomized, controlled trial. ( Davis, N; Fricke, J; Krammer, G; Yu, V, 2008)
"Aceclofenac was more efficient in controlling pain when administered before the surgery."	2.72	Analgesic efficacy of aceclofenac after surgical extraction of impacted lower third molars. ( Fontanella, V; Presser Lima, PV, 2006)
"Postoperative pain is a common phenomenon after surgical extraction of lower third molars (LTM), and its successful control is an essential part of routine oral surgery."	2.72	Postoperative analgesia after lower third molar surgery: contribution of the use of long-acting local anesthetics, low-power laser, and diclofenac. ( Marković, AB; Todorović, L, 2006)
"5 mg) vs paracetamol (500 mg) and placebo given in a flexible dosage regimen to treat pain resulting from extraction of impacted third molar teeth."	2.71	Analgesic efficacy of low-dose diclofenac versus paracetamol and placebo in postoperative dental pain. ( Gold, MS; Ionescu, E; Kubitzek, F; Liu, JM; Ziegler, G, 2003)
"More diclofenac anion was absorbed at a quicker rate using the formulation diclofenac sodium softgel 100 mg than Cataflam."	2.71	Analgesic safety and efficacy of diclofenac sodium softgels on postoperative third molar extraction pain. ( Bon, C; Lyon, JA; Peroutka, SJ; Phillips, CL; Shugars, D; Swarbrick, J; Zuniga, JR, 2004)
"This study compared the analgesic dose-response relationship and tolerability of 3 doses of ProSorb diclofenac K and placebo in the treatment of pain after dental impaction surgery."	2.71	Dose-ranging analgesic study of Prosorb diclofenac potassium in postsurgical dental pain. ( Adamson, D; Christensen, S; Hersh, EV; Kiersch, TA; Levin, LM; Lyon, JA; Noveck, R; Watson, G, 2004)
"Changes in facial swelling and trismus were compared on days 2 and 7 postoperatively."	2.67	Randomized double-blind comparison of tiaprofenic acid and diclophenac sodium after third molar surgery. ( Becker, PJ; Grotepass, FW; Roelofse, JA; van der Westhuijzen, AJ, 1994)
"It is possible to achieve effective postoperative pain prevention by combining bupivacaine and preoperative normal- and sustained-release preparations of diclofenac."	2.67	Effective postoperative pain prevention through administration of bupivacaine and diclofenac. ( Hyrkäs, T; Oikarinen, VJ; Paakkari, I; Ylipaavalniemi, P, 1994)
"The current practice of postoperative pain management among Finnish oral surgeons was evaluated in a two-phase study."	1.28	Successful pain management by Finnish oral surgeons. A clinical follow-up study. ( Antila, H; Heinaro, I; Länsineva, A; Lehtinen, R; Salonen, M, 1992)

Research

Studies (36)

Authors

Clinical Trials (9)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Area Under the Curve (AUC) of the Pain Scores.

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	3 (8.33)	18.7374
1990's	12 (33.33)	18.2507
2000's	8 (22.22)	29.6817
2010's	11 (30.56)	24.3611
2020's	2 (5.56)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Chaitanya, NC	1
Badam, R	1
Siva Prasad Reddy, G	1
Alwala, A	1
Srinivas, P	1
Saawarn, N	1
Chintada, S	1
Akhila, M	1
Bontala, P	1
Inamdar, P	1
Mannava, H	1
Gandhewar, T	1
Andrade, NN	1
Aggarwal, N	1
Choradia, S	1
Mathai, PC	1
Nerurkar, S	1
Singh, R	2
Jayam, C	1
Nazeer, J	1
Iqubal, MA	1
Singh, S	1
Lima, CAA	1
Favarini, VT	1
Torres, AM	1
da Silva, RA	1
Sato, FRL	1
Lima, TC	1
Bagordakis, E	1
Falci, SGM	1
Dos Santos, CRR	1
Pinheiro, MLP	1
Gorecki, P	1
Rainsford, KD	1
Taneja, P	1
Bulsara, Y	1
Pearson, D	1
Saund, D	1
Ahmed, B	1
Dietrich, T	1
Brignardello-Petersen, R	1
Akbulut, N	1
Üstüner, E	1
Atakan, C	1
Çölok, G	1
Majid, OW	1
Al-Mashhadani, BA	1
Kaplan, V	1
Eroğlu, CN	1
Zupelari-Goncalves, P	1
Weckwerth, GM	1
Calvo, AM	1
Simoneti, LF	1
Dionisio, TJ	1
Brozoski, DT	1
Torres, EA	1
Lauris, JRP	1
Faria, FAC	1
Santos, CF	1
Tuzuner Oncul, AM	1
Yazicioglu, D	1
Alanoglu, Z	1
Demiralp, S	1
Ozturk, A	1
Ucok, C	1
de Sousa Santos, JA	1
da Silva, LC	1
de Santana Santos, T	1
Menezes Júnior, LR	1
de Assunção Oliveira, AC	1
Brandão, JR	1
Kubitzek, F	1
Ziegler, G	1
Gold, MS	1
Liu, JM	1
Ionescu, E	1
Zuniga, JR	1
Phillips, CL	1
Shugars, D	1
Lyon, JA	2
Peroutka, SJ	1
Swarbrick, J	1
Bon, C	1
Joshi, A	1
Parara, E	1
Macfarlane, TV	1
Hersh, EV	1
Levin, LM	1
Adamson, D	1
Christensen, S	1
Kiersch, TA	1
Noveck, R	1
Watson, G	1
Presser Lima, PV	1
Fontanella, V	1
Marković, AB	1
Todorović, L	1
Fricke, J	1
Davis, N	1
Yu, V	1
Krammer, G	1
Mayer, M	1
Weiss, P	1
van der Westhuijzen, AJ	1
Roelofse, JA	1
Grotepass, FW	1
Becker, PJ	1
Bakshi, R	2
Frenkel, G	1
Dietlein, G	1
Meurer-Witt, B	1
Schneider, B	1
Sinterhauf, U	1
Hyrkäs, T	3
Ylipaavalniemi, P	3
Oikarinen, VJ	2
Paakkari, I	3
Ahlström, U	1
Nilsson, P	1
Wåhlander, L	1
Bailey, BM	1
Zaki, G	1
Rotman, H	1
Woodwards, RT	1
Walton, GM	1
Rood, JP	1
Snowdon, AT	1
Rickwood, D	1
Zacharias, M	1
Hunter, KM	1
Baker, AB	1
Ventä, I	1
Hultin, M	1
Olander, KJ	1
Antila, H	1
Lehtinen, R	1
Heinaro, I	1
Länsineva, A	1
Salonen, M	1
Tai, YM	1
Baker, R	1
Campbell, WI	1
Kendrick, RW	1
Ripari, M	1
Barraco, G	1
Maggiore, C	1
Pacifici, L	1
Frame, JW	1
Rout, PG	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Preliminary Evaluation of the Efficacy and Local Tolerability of Injectable Diclofenac at 5, 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/mL, Administered Locally Prior to Surgery for the Prevention of Post-operative Pain After Third Molar Surgery[NCT01706588]	Phase 2	75 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-01-31	Completed
Evaluation of Postoperative Edema and Pain Following Third Molar Extraction With Application of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) Therapy[NCT02376946]		49 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-01-31	Terminated (stopped due to Sponsor decision)
Towards Predicting the Analgesic Response to Ibuprofen Following Third-molar Extraction[NCT03893175]	Phase 1	86 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-05-10	Completed
Single-dose and Multi-dose Open-label Pilot Trial of the Analgesic Efficacy and Tolerability of Intranasal Ketorolac Tromethamine (SPRIX®) in Dental Implant Surgery Patients With Postoperative Pain.[NCT01490931]	Phase 4	28 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-11-30	Completed
Assessment of the Operative Course in Connection With Removal of Lower Third Molars With Particular Consideration to the Occurence of Pain and Swelling[NCT00805298]		154 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-08-31	Completed
Efficacy of the Application of Moxifloxacin and Cefixime in Reduction of Inflammatory Sequelae and Complications After Mandibular Third Molar Surgery[NCT05027893]		157 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-06-07	Active, not recruiting
Comparing the Efficacy of Local Anesthetics in Mohs Surgery[NCT03871478]		105 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-10-01	Recruiting
A Randomized, Double-blind, Double-dummy, Parallel Group, Single-center Study Evaluating the Analgesic Effect of Single Doses of Lumiracoxib 400 mg, Celecoxib 400 mg and Placebo in the Treatment of Post-dental Surgery Pain[NCT00348491]	Phase 4	364 participants	Interventional	2006-02-28	Completed
Effect of Steroids on Post-tonsillectomy Morbidities[NCT02401529]	Phase 2	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-01-31	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Pain will be scored by the patient at the end of surgery (time 0) and at 15-minute intervals after surgery for a total of 6 hours on a 0-100 mm VAS (from 0 = no pain to 100 = worst pain imaginable). (NCT01706588)
Timeframe: Pain scores will be measured over the time from end of surgery (time 0) to the 6 hour post-surgery

Comparison of Pain Intensity Scores at 2 Hours With the Baseline Pain Intensity Score During the Initial 6-hour Evaluation Period

Comparison of Pain Intensity Scores at 20 Minutes With the Baseline Pain Intensity Score During the Initial 6-hour Evaluation Period.

Intervention	mm*minutes (Mean)
Diclofenac Sodium 5 mg/mL	6843
Diclofenac Sodium 12.5 mg/mL	8832
Diclofenac Sodium 25 mg/mL	9998
Diclofenac Sodium 50 mg/mL	7290
Placebo 1 mL	15539

Intervention	millimeters (Mean)
Ketorolac Nasal Spray 31.5 mg (SPRIX)	9.1

Pain intensity scores will be recorded by patient employing a standard 100 mm visual analog scale (NCT01490931)
Timeframe: 20 minutes post dose

Comparison of Pain Intensity Scores at 3 Hours With the Baseline Pain Intensity Score During the Initial 6-hour Evaluation Period

Comparison of Pain Intensity Scores at 4 Hours With the Baseline Pain Intensity Score During the Initial 6-hour Evaluation Period

Comparison of Pain Intensity Scores at 40 Minutes With the Baseline Pain Intensity Score During the Initial 6-hour Evaluation Period.

Intervention	millimeters (Mean)
Ketorolac Nasal Spray 31.5 mg (SPRIX)	14.3

Intervention	millimeters (Mean)
Ketorolac Nasal Spray 31.5 mg (SPRIX)	9.6

Intervention	millimeters (Mean)
Ketorolac Nasal Spray 31.5 mg (SPRIX)	10.0

VAS pain intensity score at 40 minutes post-dose (NCT01490931)
Timeframe: 40 minutes post dose

Comparison of Pain Intensity Scores at 5 Hours With the Baseline Pain Intensity Score During the Initial 6-hour Evaluation Period

Comparison of Pain Intensity Scores at 6 Hours With the Baseline Pain Intensity Score During the Initial 6-hour Evaluation Period

Comparison of Pain Intensity Scores at 60 Minutes With the Baseline Pain Intensity Score During the Initial 6-hour Evaluation Period

Intervention	millimeters (Mean)
Ketorolac Nasal Spray 31.5 mg (SPRIX)	10.1

Intervention	millimeters (Mean)
Ketorolac Nasal Spray 31.5 mg (SPRIX)	16.2

Intervention	millimeters (Mean)
Ketorolac Nasal Spray 31.5 mg (SPRIX)	19.8

VAS pain intensity score 60 minutes after dosing. (NCT01490931)
Timeframe: 60 minutes post dose

Comparison of Pain Intensity Scores at 90 Minutes With the Baseline Pain Intensity Score During the Initial 6-hour Evaluation Period

Median Onset of Meaningful Pain Relief

Intervention	millimeters (Mean)
Ketorolac Nasal Spray 31.5 mg (SPRIX)	10.6

Intervention	millimeters (Mean)
Ketorolac Nasal Spray 31.5 mg (SPRIX)	9.6

Measure obtained using recognized double-stop watch technique. Patient is asked to depress the second stop watch when pain relief is meaningful to them. Each patient decides what meaningful relief is for them. (NCT01490931)
Timeframe: At time of depressing meaningful relief stopwatch up to 6 hours.

Most Frequent Number of Days of Analgesic Dosing in Dental Implant Surgery Patients When Employing Intranasal Ketorolac as Their Pain Medication.

Percentage of Subjects Who Reach a Level of at Least Moderate Pain by Achieving a Score of at Least 40 mm on a 100 mm Visual Analog Scale Within 5 Hours After the Completion of Surgery.

The Median Onset of First Perceptible Pain Relief of Intranasal Ketorolac in Dental Implant Surgery Patients

Intervention	seconds (Median)
Ketorolac Nasal Spray 31.5 mg (SPRIX)	172

Intervention	days (Number)
Ketorolac Nasal Spray 31.5 mg (SPRIX)	3

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Ketorolac Nasal Spray 31.5 mg (SPRIX)	89

Data will be obtained employing the well-described double stop watch technique (NCT01490931)
Timeframe: Censored at 6 hours

Average Amount of Meal Per Day

Average Frequency of Meals Per Day

Intervention	seconds (Median)
Ketorolac Nasal Spray 31.5 mg (SPRIX)	86

Intervention	participants (Number)
	inadequate	adequate
IV Dexamethasone and Oral Prednisolone	16	34
Placebo	27	23

average frequency of meals (1 meal, 2 meals, if more specify) (NCT02401529)
Timeframe: average number of meals consumed per day for the 1st three days post-surgery

Duration of Post-operative Nausea

Intervention	participants (Number)
	1 meal	2 meals	3 meals
IV Dexamethasone and Oral Prednisolone	2	20	28
Placebo	1	34	15

Postoperative nausea duration (no nausea,1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, if more specify) (NCT02401529)
Timeframe: 7 days

Duration of Post-operative Pain

Intervention	participants (Number)
	no nausea	one day	two days	three days
IV Dexamethasone and Oral Prednisolone	33	3	14	0
Placebo	21	8	15	6

4 selections (1 day, 2 days, 3 days, if more specify) (NCT02401529)
Timeframe: number of days at which pain was experienced within the the 1st sevn days post -surgery

Maximum Severity of Post-operative Pain

Intervention	participants (Number)
	one day	two days	three days
IV Dexamethasone and Oral Prednisolone	36	11	3
Placebo	23	19	8

5 grades (pain free, low disability and low intensity, low disability and high intensity, high disability and moderate intensity, high disability and severly limiting) (NCT02401529)
Timeframe: The severest pain grade felt within a week

Occurence of Post-operative Nausea

Occurence of Postoperative Vomiting

Onset of 1st Post-operative Oral Intake

Intervention	participants (Number)
	Low disability and low intensity	high disability and moderate intensity	high disability and high intensity
IV Dexamethasone and Oral Prednisolone	37	13	0
Placebo	26	21	3

Intervention	participants (Number)
	yes	no
IV Dexamethasone and Oral Prednisolone	17	33
Placebo	29	21

Intervention	participants (Number)
	yes	no
IV Dexamethasone and Oral Prednisolone	25	25
Placebo	36	14

feeding onset (1st day i. surgery day, 2nd day, 3rd day) (NCT02401529)
Timeframe: Onset of 1st post-operative oral intake recorded within the 1st 3days post-surgery

Onset of Post-operative Nausea

Intervention	participants (Number)
	surgery day	1st day after surgery
IV Dexamethasone and Oral Prednisolone	46	4
Placebo	37	13

Postoperative nausea onset (no nausea, immediate, 1st day, 2nd day, 3rd day, 4th day, 5th day, 6th day, 7th day) (NCT02401529)
Timeframe: onset of 1st ocurence of nausea attack within the 1st week post-surgery

Total Number of Post-operative Vomiting Episodes

Intervention	participants (Number)
	no nausea	immediately	1st day	immediately and 1st day
IV Dexamethasone and Oral Prednisolone	33	10	4	3
Placebo	21	8	11	10

Postoperative vomiting number of attacks (no vomiting,1, 2, 3, if more specify) (NCT02401529)
Timeframe: total number of post-operative vomiting episodes which were experienced within the 1st week post-surgery

Article	Year
The effects of systemic proteolytic enzyme therapy on pain and swelling in third molar surgery equal to diclofenac therapy: a prospective randomized double blinded clinical trial. Oral and maxillofacial surgery, 2020, Volume: 24, Issue:4 Topics: Diclofenac; Double-Blind Method; Edema; Enzyme Therapy; Humans; Molar, Third; Pain, Postoperative; P	2020
Oral dexamethasone decreases postoperative pain, swelling, and trismus more than diclofenac following third molar removal: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Oral and maxillofacial surgery, 2017, Volume: 21, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Dexamethasone; Diclofenac; Double-Blind Method; Edema;	2017
Pre-Emptive Effect of Dexamethasone and Diclofenac Sodium Associated With Codeine on Pain, Swelling, and Trismus After Third Molar Surgery: A Split-Mouth, Randomized, Triple-Blind, Controlled Clinical Trial. Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, 2018, Volume: 76, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Stero	2018
Submucosal Diclofenac for Acute Postoperative Pain in Third Molar Surgery: A Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial. Journal of dental research, 2018, Volume: 97, Issue:4 Topics: 2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Diclofenac; Doubl	2018
Comparison of the effect of naproxen, etodolac and diclofenac on postoperative sequels following third molar surgery: a randomised, double-blind, crossover study. Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal, 2014, Mar-01, Volume: 19, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Cross-Over Studies; Diclofenac; Double-B	2014
Perioperative bromelain reduces pain and swelling and improves quality of life measures after mandibular third molar surgery: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, 2014, Volume: 72, Issue:6 Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-	2014
Comparison of the Effects of Daily Single-Dose Use of Flurbiprofen, Diclofenac Sodium, and Tenoxicam on Postoperative Pain, Swelling, and Trismus: A Randomized Double-Blind Study. Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, 2016, Volume: 74, Issue:10 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anesthesia, Dental; Anesthesia, Local; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D	2016
Efficacy of oral diclofenac with or without codeine for pain control after invasive bilateral third molar extractions. International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery, 2017, Volume: 46, Issue:5 Topics: Administration, Oral; Analgesics, Opioid; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Codeine; Cross-Ov	2017
Postoperative analgesia in impacted third molar surgery: the role of preoperative diclofenac sodium, paracetamol and lornoxicam. Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre, 2011, Volume: 20, Issue:5 Topics: Acetaminophen; Adult; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analysis of Variance; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-	2011
Comparative study of tramadol combined with dexamethasone and diclofenac sodium in third-molar surgery. Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery : official publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery, 2012, Volume: 40, Issue:8 Topics: Acetaminophen; Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analgesics, Opioid	2012
Analgesic efficacy of low-dose diclofenac versus paracetamol and placebo in postoperative dental pain. Journal of orofacial pain, 2003,Summer, Volume: 17, Issue:3 Topics: Acetaminophen; Adult; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analysis of Variance; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-	2003
Analgesic safety and efficacy of diclofenac sodium softgels on postoperative third molar extraction pain. Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, 2004, Volume: 62, Issue:7 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analysis of Variance; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Ste	2004
A double-blind randomised controlled clinical trial of the effect of preoperative ibuprofen, diclofenac, paracetamol with codeine and placebo tablets for relief of postoperative pain after removal of impacted third molars. The British journal of oral & maxillofacial surgery, 2004, Volume: 42, Issue:4 Topics: Acetaminophen; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Analgesics; Ascorbic Acid; Codeine; Diclofenac; Double-Blind	2004
Dose-ranging analgesic study of Prosorb diclofenac potassium in postsurgical dental pain. Clinical therapeutics, 2004, Volume: 26, Issue:8 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Analgesics; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Diclofenac; Double-Blind Method; Female; H	2004
Dose-ranging analgesic study of Prosorb diclofenac potassium in postsurgical dental pain. Clinical therapeutics, 2004, Volume: 26, Issue:8 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Analgesics; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Diclofenac; Double-Blind Method; Female; H	2004
Dose-ranging analgesic study of Prosorb diclofenac potassium in postsurgical dental pain. Clinical therapeutics, 2004, Volume: 26, Issue:8 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Analgesics; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Diclofenac; Double-Blind Method; Female; H	2004
Dose-ranging analgesic study of Prosorb diclofenac potassium in postsurgical dental pain. Clinical therapeutics, 2004, Volume: 26, Issue:8 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Analgesics; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Diclofenac; Double-Blind Method; Female; H	2004
Analgesic efficacy of aceclofenac after surgical extraction of impacted lower third molars. International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery, 2006, Volume: 35, Issue:6 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Analgesics; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Diclofenac; Female	2006
Postoperative analgesia after lower third molar surgery: contribution of the use of long-acting local anesthetics, low-power laser, and diclofenac. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics, 2006, Volume: 102, Issue:5 Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Bupivacaine; Chi-Square Distribution; C	2006
Postoperative analgesia after lower third molar surgery: contribution of the use of long-acting local anesthetics, low-power laser, and diclofenac. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics, 2006, Volume: 102, Issue:5 Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Bupivacaine; Chi-Square Distribution; C	2006
Postoperative analgesia after lower third molar surgery: contribution of the use of long-acting local anesthetics, low-power laser, and diclofenac. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics, 2006, Volume: 102, Issue:5 Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Bupivacaine; Chi-Square Distribution; C	2006
Postoperative analgesia after lower third molar surgery: contribution of the use of long-acting local anesthetics, low-power laser, and diclofenac. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics, 2006, Volume: 102, Issue:5 Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Bupivacaine; Chi-Square Distribution; C	2006
Postoperative analgesia after lower third molar surgery: contribution of the use of long-acting local anesthetics, low-power laser, and diclofenac. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics, 2006, Volume: 102, Issue:5 Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Bupivacaine; Chi-Square Distribution; C	2006
Postoperative analgesia after lower third molar surgery: contribution of the use of long-acting local anesthetics, low-power laser, and diclofenac. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics, 2006, Volume: 102, Issue:5 Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Bupivacaine; Chi-Square Distribution; C	2006
Postoperative analgesia after lower third molar surgery: contribution of the use of long-acting local anesthetics, low-power laser, and diclofenac. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics, 2006, Volume: 102, Issue:5 Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Bupivacaine; Chi-Square Distribution; C	2006
Postoperative analgesia after lower third molar surgery: contribution of the use of long-acting local anesthetics, low-power laser, and diclofenac. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics, 2006, Volume: 102, Issue:5 Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Bupivacaine; Chi-Square Distribution; C	2006
Postoperative analgesia after lower third molar surgery: contribution of the use of long-acting local anesthetics, low-power laser, and diclofenac. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics, 2006, Volume: 102, Issue:5 Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Bupivacaine; Chi-Square Distribution; C	2006
Lumiracoxib 400 mg compared with celecoxib 400 mg and placebo for treating pain following dental surgery: a randomized, controlled trial. The journal of pain, 2008, Volume: 9, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Celecoxib; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Diclofenac; Double-Blind Method; Drug Admin	2008
[Antiphlogistic and analgesic effect of diclofenac sodium after maxillofacial interventions in a double-blind trial]. Deutsche zahnarztliche Zeitschrift, 1980, Volume: 35, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diclofenac; Do	1980
Randomized double-blind comparison of tiaprofenic acid and diclophenac sodium after third molar surgery. Oral surgery, oral medicine, and oral pathology, 1994, Volume: 78, Issue:5 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-S	1994
A placebo-controlled comparative evaluation of diclofenac dispersible versus ibuprofen in postoperative pain after third molar surgery. Journal of clinical pharmacology, 1994, Volume: 34, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Diclofenac; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Ibuprofen; Male;	1994
Preoperative intravenous diclofenac for postoperative pain prevention in outpatients. The British journal of oral & maxillofacial surgery, 1993, Volume: 31, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; Analysis of Variance; Diclofenac; Double-Blind Method; Female	1993
The analgesic efficacy of diclofenac dispersible and ibuprofen in postoperative pain after dental extraction. European journal of clinical pharmacology, 1993, Volume: 44, Issue:6 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Analgesia; Diclofenac; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans;	1993
A double-blind comparative study of soluble aspirin and diclofenac dispersible in the control of postextraction pain after removal of impacted third molars. International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery, 1993, Volume: 22, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aspirin; Diclofenac; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Molar, Third; Pai	1993
Ketorolac and diclofenac for postoperative pain relief following oral surgery. The British journal of oral & maxillofacial surgery, 1993, Volume: 31, Issue:3 Topics: Acetaminophen; Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Analgesics; Anti-Inflammatory Agents,	1993
Effective postoperative pain prevention through administration of bupivacaine and diclofenac. Anesthesia progress, 1994, Volume: 41, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Anesthesia, Dental; Anesthesia, Local; Anesthetics, Local; Anti-Inflamm	1994
Effectiveness of preoperative analgesics on postoperative dental pain: a study. Anesthesia progress, 1996,Summer, Volume: 43, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Chi-Square Distribut	1996
Thermographic imaging of postoperative inflammation modified by anti-inflammatory pretreatment. Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, 2001, Volume: 59, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Chemoprevention; D	2001
A clinical trial of the analgesic properties of Voltaren (diclofenac sodium). Scandinavian journal of rheumatology. Supplement, 1978, Issue:22 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diclofenac; Double-Blind Method;	1978
Comparison of controlled-release ketoprofen and diclofenac in the control of post-surgical dental pain. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 1992, Volume: 85, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Delayed-Action Preparations; Diclofenac; Female; Humans; Ketoprofen; Male; Pain Measurement;	1992
Postoperative dental pain--a comparative study of anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents. The Ulster medical journal, 1991, Volume: 60, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Dexamethasone; Diclofenac; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Injections,	1991
A comparison of the analgesic efficacy of flurbiprofen, diclofenac, dihydrocodeine/paracetamol and placebo following oral surgery. The British journal of clinical practice, 1986, Volume: 40, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diclofenac; Female; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Male; Pain, P	1986

Article	Year
ANALGESIC EFFECT OF INTRAVENOUS ASCORBIC ACID VERSUS ACELCOFENAC POST-TRANSALVEOLAR EXTRACTION: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY. Journal of population therapeutics and clinical pharmacology = Journal de la therapeutique des populations et de la pharmacologie clinique, 2019, 08-19, Volume: 26, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Analgesics; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Ascorbic Acid; Dic	2019
Assessment of C-reactive Protein Level and Efficacy of Diclofenac Sodium and Mefenamic Acid in Relieving Pain in Mandibular Impacted Third Molar Surgery. The journal of contemporary dental practice, 2021, Jan-01, Volume: 22, Issue:1 Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; C-Reactive Protein; Diclofenac; Double-Blind Method; Humans	2021
Preemptive submucosal diclofenac may reduce postoperative pain up to 6 hours after surgical mandibular third-molar extraction but may increase adverse effects. Journal of the American Dental Association (1939), 2018, Volume: 149, Issue:6 Topics: Diclofenac; Humans; Molar, Third; Pain, Postoperative; Tooth, Impacted	2018
Successful pain management by Finnish oral surgeons. A clinical follow-up study. Oral surgery, oral medicine, and oral pathology, 1992, Volume: 74, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Diclofenac; Drug C	1992
[Topical infiltration of diclofenac sodium during extraction of impacted lower 3rd molars]. Dental Cadmos, 1991, Mar-31, Volume: 59, Issue:5 Topics: Administration, Topical; Adolescent; Adult; Diclofenac; Female; Humans; Male; Mandible; Molar, Third	1991

Intervention	participants (Number)
	no vomiting	once	twice	three times	more than 3 times
IV Dexamethasone and Oral Prednisolone	25	13	7	4	1
Placebo	14	9	19	8	0

diclofenac and Teeth, Impacted