dibekacin and Gram-Negative-Bacterial-Infections

Arbekacin is a broad-spectrum aminoglycoside with activity against some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.. Arbekacin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were determined for 296 drug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli, and compared to previously determined plazomicin, amikacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin MIC values.. Arbekacin showed similar MIC

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Dibekacin; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests

To determine the in vitro activity of antibiotics, including arbekacin, cefminox, fosfomycin and biapenem which are all still unavailable in India, against Gram-negative clinical isolates.. We prospectively collected and tested all consecutive isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp. from blood, urine and sputum samples between March and November 2012. The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of 16 antibiotics was determined by the broth micro-dilution method.. Overall 925 isolates were included; 211 E. coli, 207 Klebsiella spp., 153 P. aeruginosa, and 354 Acinetobacter spp. The MIC50 and MIC90 were high for cefminox, biapenem and arbekacin for all pathogens but interpretative criteria were not available. The MIC50 was categorized as susceptible for a couple of antibiotics, including piperacillin/tazobactam, carbapenems and amikacin, for E. coli, Klebsiella spp. and P. aeruginosa. However, for Acinetobacter spp., the MIC50 was categorized as susceptible only for colistin. On the other hand, fosfomycin was the only antibiotic that inhibited 90% of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. isolates, while 90% of P. aeruginosa isolates were inhibited only by colistin. Finally, 90% of Acinetobacter spp. isolates were not inhibited by any antibiotic tested.. Fosfomycin and colistin might be promising antibiotics for the treatment of infections due to E. coli or Klebsiella spp. and P. aeruginosa, respectively, in India; however, clinical trials should first corroborate the in vitro findings. The activity of tigecycline should be evaluated, as this is commonly used as last-resort option for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter infections.

Topics: Acinetobacter; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cephamycins; Dibekacin; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Escherichia coli; Fosfomycin; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; India; Klebsiella; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Prospective Studies; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Thienamycins

In an analysis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infected patients treated with arbekacin (ABK) only, Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) that were inhibited by low minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of amikacin (AMK) or gentamycin (GM) were eradicated by the end of the ABK treatment. On the other hand, GNB that were only inhibited by high MICs of AMK or GM persisted until the end of treatment with ABK only. Thus, ABK can be expected to be effective even in cases of mixed infection with GNB and MRSA.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Coinfection; Dibekacin; Female; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Male; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Staphylococcal Infections

To investigate the exact isolation frequency of 16S rRNA methylase-producing, gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, we tested 87,626 clinical isolates from 169 hospitals. Twenty-six strains from 16 hospitals harbored 16S rRNA methylase genes, which suggests sparse but diffuse spread of pan-aminoglycoside-resistant microbes in Japan.

Topics: Aminoglycosides; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Dibekacin; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; Female; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Japan; Methyltransferases; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and some gram-negative bacilli are very prevalent nosocomial pathogens, commonly causing mixed infections, and are often resistant to multiple drugs. Arbekacin is an aminoglycoside used for the treatment of MRSA infections, but is also active against some gram-negative bacilli. The aim of this study was to determine in vitro activity of arbekacin against recent clinical isolates of staphylococci and gram-negative bacilli.. The strains were isolated from clinical specimens of patients at Severance Hospital in 2003. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute agar dilution method. The following arbekacin breakpoints were used: susceptible, /=16 microg/mL .. All isolates of staphylococci tested were inhibited by 32-fold and >32-128-fold lower than those of amikacin and gentamicin, respectively. The resistance rates of MRSA, methicillin-susceptible S. aureus, methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) and methicillin-susceptible CNS were 0% to arbekacin, 0-54% to amikacin, and 24-79% to gentamicin. The MIC90s of arbekacin for Escherichia coli and Citrobacter freundii, 1 microg/mL and 16 microg/mL, were 2-4-fold and 8-16-fold lower than those of amikacin and gentamicin, respectively. However, The MIC90s of arbekacin for other species of gram-negative bacilli, 64->128 microg/mL, were similar to those of other aminoglycosides.. Arbekacin may be a useful alternative to glycopeptides for the treatment of monomicrobial methicillin-resistant staphylococcal infections, as well as mixed infections with gram-negative bacilli, as most isolates of E. coli, C. freundii and some other gram-negative bacilli were also susceptible to arbekacin.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Dibekacin; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Methicillin Resistance; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus

Emergence of the newly identified 16S rRNA methylases RmtA, RmtB, and ArmA in pathogenic gram-negative bacilli has been a growing concern. ArmA, which had been identified exclusively in Europe, was also found in several gram-negative pathogenic bacilli isolated in Japan, suggesting global dissemination of hazardous multiple aminoglycoside resistance genes.

Topics: Aminoglycosides; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Proteins; Dibekacin; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Genes, Bacterial; Global Health; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Methyltransferases; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S