diazepam has been researched along with Drug Withdrawal Symptoms in 648 studies
Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.
diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "This randomized, double-blind clinical trial involving 198 generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) patients was conducted to more clearly define gepirone's role for the treatment of anxiety in daily dosages of 10 to 45 mg compared with diazepam and placebo." | 9.08 | Gepirone and diazepam in generalized anxiety disorder: a placebo-controlled trial. ( DeMartinis, N; Mandos, L; Mercer, C; Rickels, K; Schweizer, E, 1997) |
| "A group of patients suffering from anxiety, as assessed by general practitioners and psychologists using research criteria for generalised anxiety, were treated with either diazepam or placebo double blind for six weeks." | 9.05 | Controlled study of withdrawal symptoms and rebound anxiety after six week course of diazepam for generalised anxiety. ( Jerrom, DW; Mitchell, M; Power, KG; Simpson, RJ, 1985) |
| "Part 1: Anxiety at 3 hours was significantly lower following minocycline (20 mg/kg i." | 7.88 | Minocycline in Alcohol Withdrawal Induced Anxiety and Alcohol Relapse in Rats. ( Gajbhiye, SV; Petare, A; Potey, AV; Shankar, A; Tripathi, RK, 2018) |
| " The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of duration of treatment, as well as the role of α1-containing GABAA receptors, in development of physical dependence to diazepam, assessed through the level of anxiety and susceptibility to pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures, 24h after withdrawal from protracted treatment in rats." | 7.80 | Duration of treatment and activation of α1-containing GABAA receptors variably affect the level of anxiety and seizure susceptibility after diazepam withdrawal in rats. ( Batinić, B; Cook, JM; Joksimović, S; Kovačević, J; Milić, M; Namjoshi, OA; Savić, MM; Timić, T; Tiruveedhula, VV, 2014) |
| "Clinical reports and animal experiments indicate that both cocaine administration and cocaine withdrawal increase anxiety." | 7.71 | Cocaine-induced anxiety: alleviation by diazepam, but not buspirone, dimenhydrinate or diphenhydramine. ( Jackman, SL; Olmstead, MC; Paine, TA, 2002) |
| "The present study investigated the role of NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors in the hypersusceptibility to seizures induced by the benzodiazepine inverse agonist DMCM (methyl-6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate) during diazepam withdrawal in mice, using behavioral and biochemical approaches." | 7.70 | Hypersusceptibility to DMCM-induced seizures during diazepam withdrawal in mice: evidence for upregulation of NMDA receptors. ( Misawa, M; Shimizu, N; Suzuki, T; Tsuda, M; Yajima, Y, 1998) |
| "The acute onset of chorea was seen in a ten week-old male following abrupt cessation of a seven-day course of sedation with diazepam and pentobarbital." | 7.68 | Infantile chorea following abrupt withdrawal of diazepam and pentobarbital therapy. ( Ment, LR; Patrick, SJ; Snelling, LK, 1993) |
| "Rats, chronically treated with diazepam (4 mg/kg/day) for 28 days, displayed increased anxiety when tested in the elevated plus-maze, 42 hr after the last dose." | 7.68 | Concurrent treatment with verapamil prevents diazepam withdrawal-induced anxiety, in the absence of altered calcium flux in cortical synaptosomes. ( File, SE; Hitchcott, PK; Zharkovsky, A, 1992) |
| "The abilities of the ACE inhibitors captopril and SQ29,852 to modify aversive behaviour was compared to the effects of diazepam in the light/dark exploration test in the mouse, the elevated plus maze and social interaction test in the rat, and in anxiety-related behaviours induced by human threat in the marmoset." | 7.68 | Effects of captopril and SQ29,852 on anxiety-related behaviours in rodent and marmoset. ( Costall, B; Domeney, AM; Gerrard, PA; Horovitz, ZP; Kelly, ME; Naylor, RJ; Tomkins, DM, 1990) |
| "The authors report a case of a 55-year-old man undergoing a triazolam withdrawal syndrome that was recognized and treated with high doses of benzodiazepines, but the patient nevertheless developed seizures." | 7.67 | Seizures following triazolam withdrawal despite benzodiazepine treatment. ( Pawluczyk, S; Schneider, LS; Syapin, PJ, 1987) |
| "Twenty patients withdrawing from alcohol who had reliable histories of previous alcohol-withdrawal seizures and thus were at high risk for a subsequent seizure were treated in hospital with oral diazepam loading: 20 mg of the drug was given every hour to a minimum total of 60 mg." | 7.67 | Prevention of alcohol withdrawal seizures with oral diazepam loading. ( Devenyi, P; Harrison, ML, 1985) |
| "Trials of novel compounds for the treatment of schizophrenia are typically tested in patients following brief withdrawal of ongoing medication despite known long-term changes in the dopamine (DA) system following chronic antipsychotic drug therapy." | 5.40 | Prior antipsychotic drug treatment prevents response to novel antipsychotic agent in the methylazoxymethanol acetate model of schizophrenia. ( Cook, JM; Gill, KM; Grace, AA; Poe, MM, 2014) |
| "Gabapentin was used to provide an anxiolytic effect on drug-free days." | 5.38 | Evaluation of anxiolytic effect and withdrawal anxiety in chronic intermittent diazepam treatment in rats. ( Açikmeşe, B; Enginar, N; Hatipoğlu, I; Haznedar, S, 2012) |
| "Naloxone was injected (5 mg/kg, s." | 5.31 | Effects of Ferula gummosa Boiss. fractions on morphine dependence in mice. ( Hosseinzadeh, H; Mojtahedi, K; Ramezani, M, 2001) |
| "Baclofen (2 mg/kg) was sedative in both control treated and diazepam-dependent rats, but was ineffective at reversing the decrease in social interaction seen after diazepam withdrawal." | 5.28 | Diazepam withdrawal responses measured in the social interaction test of anxiety and their reversal by baclofen. ( Andrews, N; File, SE; Mabbutt, PS, 1991) |
| "Ketotifen was compared to diazepam to inhibit aversive responding of the mouse in a black and white test box and in the rat social interaction test." | 5.28 | The effect of ketotifen in rodent models of anxiety and on the behavioural consequences of withdrawing from treatment with drugs of abuse. ( Costall, B; Kelly, ME; Naylor, RJ; Onaivi, ES, 1990) |
| "A case is presented in which a 68-year-old man became delirious after being withdrawn from a low dosage of alprazolam." | 5.27 | Alprazolam withdrawal delirium unresponsive to diazepam: case report. ( Baker, RW; Zimmer, B; Zipursky, RB, 1985) |
| "In this study, we evaluated the effect of intrathecal and oral clonidine as supplements to spinal anesthesia with lidocaine in patients at risk of postoperative alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS)." | 5.11 | Intrathecal and oral clonidine as prophylaxis for postoperative alcohol withdrawal syndrome: a randomized double-blinded study. ( Axelsson, K; Berggren, L; Dobrydnjov, I; Holmström, B; Samarütel, J, 2004) |
| "Data were drawn from 3 double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, published treatment trials: alprazolam for patients with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and diazepam and lorazepam for patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)." | 5.09 | Prior benzodiazepine exposure and benzodiazepine treatment outcome. ( Freeman, EW; Rickels, K, 2000) |
| "This randomized, double-blind clinical trial involving 198 generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) patients was conducted to more clearly define gepirone's role for the treatment of anxiety in daily dosages of 10 to 45 mg compared with diazepam and placebo." | 5.08 | Gepirone and diazepam in generalized anxiety disorder: a placebo-controlled trial. ( DeMartinis, N; Mandos, L; Mercer, C; Rickels, K; Schweizer, E, 1997) |
| "A group of patients suffering from anxiety, as assessed by general practitioners and psychologists using research criteria for generalised anxiety, were treated with either diazepam or placebo double blind for six weeks." | 5.05 | Controlled study of withdrawal symptoms and rebound anxiety after six week course of diazepam for generalised anxiety. ( Jerrom, DW; Mitchell, M; Power, KG; Simpson, RJ, 1985) |
| "Benzodiazepine withdrawal, spontaneous or precipitated by the receptor antagonist, flumazenil, produces anxiety that can be measured in animal models." | 4.78 | The benzodiazepines: anxiolytic and withdrawal effects. ( Little, HJ, 1991) |
| "Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) is a proven, effective treatment for refractory spasticity and chronic pain, with applications ranging from spinal cord injury to amyotrophic lateralsclerosis (ALS)." | 4.31 | Management of high-dose intrathecal baclofen pump explant: A case report. ( Agrawal, M; Belisle Haley, C; Dayal, R; Newton, K; Yeung, B, 2023) |
| "While some case reports indicate that high doses of propylene glycol (PG) may result in metabolic acidosis, there has been no large-scale study that evaluated the risk of metabolic acidosis in patients receiving PG-containing benzodiazepines for acute alcohol withdrawal." | 3.88 | Assessing Propylene Glycol Toxicity in Alcohol Withdrawal Patients Receiving Intravenous Benzodiazepines: A One-Compartment Pharmacokinetic Model. ( Bodreau, C; Elbarbry, F; Farthing, K; Jahn, A, 2018) |
| "Part 1: Anxiety at 3 hours was significantly lower following minocycline (20 mg/kg i." | 3.88 | Minocycline in Alcohol Withdrawal Induced Anxiety and Alcohol Relapse in Rats. ( Gajbhiye, SV; Petare, A; Potey, AV; Shankar, A; Tripathi, RK, 2018) |
| "In the current study, we examined whether subchronic zolpidem or diazepam administration produced deficits in zolpidem's locomotor-impairing effects, anxiety-like behaviors, and changes in GABAAR subunit messenger RNA (mRNA)." | 3.80 | The effects of repeated zolpidem treatment on tolerance, withdrawal-like symptoms, and GABAA receptor mRNAs profile expression in mice: comparison with diazepam. ( Gluszek, CF; Heldt, SA; Wright, BT, 2014) |
| " The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of duration of treatment, as well as the role of α1-containing GABAA receptors, in development of physical dependence to diazepam, assessed through the level of anxiety and susceptibility to pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures, 24h after withdrawal from protracted treatment in rats." | 3.80 | Duration of treatment and activation of α1-containing GABAA receptors variably affect the level of anxiety and seizure susceptibility after diazepam withdrawal in rats. ( Batinić, B; Cook, JM; Joksimović, S; Kovačević, J; Milić, M; Namjoshi, OA; Savić, MM; Timić, T; Tiruveedhula, VV, 2014) |
| "Catamenial epilepsy is caused by fluctuations in progesterone-derived GABA(A) receptor-modulating anticonvulsant neurosteroids, such as allopregnanolone, that play a significant role in the pathophysiology of epilepsy." | 3.78 | A mouse kindling model of perimenstrual catamenial epilepsy. ( Gangisetty, O; Gould, J; Reddy, DS, 2012) |
| " Our previous results demonstrated that re-exposure to the withdrawal environment was able to evoke the memory acquired when the anxiety measured as a diazepam (DZ) withdrawal sign was experienced." | 3.78 | Impact of contextual cues in the expression of the memory associated with diazepam withdrawal: involvement of hippocampal PKMζ in vivo, and Arc expression and LTP in vitro. ( Gabach, LA; Monti, MC; Perez, MF; Ramírez, OA, 2012) |
| "In this study, we investigated whether morphine dependence was inhibited by phosphodiesterase (PDE) 4 inhibitors rolipram and diazepam, since a role for the cyclic AMP systems in the development of morphine dependence was reported." | 3.74 | Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors, rolipram and diazepam block the adaptive changes observed during morphine withdrawal in the heart. ( González-Cuello, A; Hernández, J; Laorden, ML; Sánchez, L; Teresa Castells, M; Victoria Milanés, M, 2007) |
| "Intrathecal baclofen is used in the management of spasticity associated with cerebral palsy (CP)." | 3.74 | Intravenous diazepam infusion in the management of planned intrathecal baclofen withdrawal. ( Cruikshank, M; Eunson, P, 2007) |
| "Continued usage of cocaine is determined by genetic, conditioned and homeostatic factors, while it is reinforced by drug-induced reward and the emotionally negative state of drug withdrawal, which includes anxiety." | 3.74 | Anxiogenic effects of cocaine withdrawal in zebrafish. ( Cabral, H; López-Patiño, MA; Yu, L; Zhdanova, IV, 2008) |
| " Single doses of 5-HT2 antagonists, mianserin (5mg/kg) and ritanserin (1mg/kg), effectively ameliorated withdrawal anxiety in the rat, returning behavioural function in the social interaction test and elevated plus maze to levels comparable to vehicle-treated animals." | 3.73 | Attenuation of benzodiazepine withdrawal anxiety in the rat by serotonin antagonists. ( Begg, DP; Hallam, KT; Norman, TR, 2005) |
| ") in mice chronically treated with temazepam or diazepam induced the appearance of withdrawal signs: clonic seizures, tonic convulsions and death episodes." | 3.73 | Influence of adenosine receptor agonists on benzodiazepine withdrawal signs in mice. ( Fidecka, S; Listos, J; Malec, D, 2005) |
| "Clinical reports and animal experiments indicate that both cocaine administration and cocaine withdrawal increase anxiety." | 3.71 | Cocaine-induced anxiety: alleviation by diazepam, but not buspirone, dimenhydrinate or diphenhydramine. ( Jackman, SL; Olmstead, MC; Paine, TA, 2002) |
| "Perimenstrual catamenial epilepsy may in part be due to withdrawal of the endogenous progesterone-derived neurosteroid allopregnanolone that potentiates gamma-aminobutyric acidA (GABA(A)) receptor-mediated inhibition." | 3.71 | Enhanced anticonvulsant activity of neuroactive steroids in a rat model of catamenial epilepsy. ( Reddy, DS; Rogawski, MA, 2001) |
| "The present study investigated the role of NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors in the hypersusceptibility to seizures induced by the benzodiazepine inverse agonist DMCM (methyl-6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate) during diazepam withdrawal in mice, using behavioral and biochemical approaches." | 3.70 | Hypersusceptibility to DMCM-induced seizures during diazepam withdrawal in mice: evidence for upregulation of NMDA receptors. ( Misawa, M; Shimizu, N; Suzuki, T; Tsuda, M; Yajima, Y, 1998) |
| " In one approach, mice were chronically treated with either diazepam, clonazepam, clobazam or the novel anxiolytic and anticonvulsant beta-carboline derivative abecarnil for 4 weeks, at doses which were about equipotent to increase the threshold for myoclonic seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole." | 3.69 | Long-term studies on anticonvulsant tolerance and withdrawal characteristics of benzodiazepine receptor ligands in different seizure models in mice. I. Comparison of diazepam, clonazepam, clobazam and abecarnil. ( Ebert, U; Hönack, D; Löscher, W; Rundfeldt, C, 1996) |
| " Mice withdrawn from chronic treatment with diazepam showed a time-related evolution of anxiety, muscle rigidity, and seizures between days 4 and 21 after treatment discontinuation." | 3.68 | Diazepam dependence prevented by glutamate antagonists. ( Steppuhn, KG; Turski, L, 1993) |
| "The acute onset of chorea was seen in a ten week-old male following abrupt cessation of a seven-day course of sedation with diazepam and pentobarbital." | 3.68 | Infantile chorea following abrupt withdrawal of diazepam and pentobarbital therapy. ( Ment, LR; Patrick, SJ; Snelling, LK, 1993) |
| "Rats, chronically treated with diazepam (4 mg/kg/day) for 28 days, displayed increased anxiety when tested in the elevated plus-maze, 42 hr after the last dose." | 3.68 | Concurrent treatment with verapamil prevents diazepam withdrawal-induced anxiety, in the absence of altered calcium flux in cortical synaptosomes. ( File, SE; Hitchcott, PK; Zharkovsky, A, 1992) |
| "After 21 days of treatment with diazepam (2 mg/kg/day IP) rats were tested 24 h after the last injection in the social interaction and elevated plus-maze tests of anxiety." | 3.68 | Low but not high doses of buspirone reduce the anxiogenic effects of diazepam withdrawal. ( Andrews, N; File, SE, 1991) |
| " In BDZ-dependent animals the BDZ-receptor antagonist flumazenil (Ro 15-1788) reverses the increased anxiety and decreased seizure threshold seen when benzodiazepine treatment is withdrawn." | 3.68 | A theory of benzodiazepine dependence that can explain whether flumazenil will enhance or reverse the phenomena. ( File, SE; Hitchcott, PK, 1990) |
| "The abilities of the ACE inhibitors captopril and SQ29,852 to modify aversive behaviour was compared to the effects of diazepam in the light/dark exploration test in the mouse, the elevated plus maze and social interaction test in the rat, and in anxiety-related behaviours induced by human threat in the marmoset." | 3.68 | Effects of captopril and SQ29,852 on anxiety-related behaviours in rodent and marmoset. ( Costall, B; Domeney, AM; Gerrard, PA; Horovitz, ZP; Kelly, ME; Naylor, RJ; Tomkins, DM, 1990) |
| " Both of the mothers were on methadone maintenance for narcotic dependency prior to the diagnosis of pregnancy." | 3.68 | Diazepam abuse in pregnant women on methadone maintenance. Implications for the neonate. ( Hinderliter, SA; Sutton, LR, 1990) |
| "The authors report a case of a 55-year-old man undergoing a triazolam withdrawal syndrome that was recognized and treated with high doses of benzodiazepines, but the patient nevertheless developed seizures." | 3.67 | Seizures following triazolam withdrawal despite benzodiazepine treatment. ( Pawluczyk, S; Schneider, LS; Syapin, PJ, 1987) |
| " This article reports an acute organic psychosis marked by visual, auditory, and tactile hallucinations after abrupt discontinuation of phenelzine in two young women without previous history of psychotic symptoms." | 3.67 | Acute psychosis following phenelzine discontinuation. ( Jackson, WK; Liskin, B; Roose, SP; Walsh, BT, 1985) |
| "Twenty patients withdrawing from alcohol who had reliable histories of previous alcohol-withdrawal seizures and thus were at high risk for a subsequent seizure were treated in hospital with oral diazepam loading: 20 mg of the drug was given every hour to a minimum total of 60 mg." | 3.67 | Prevention of alcohol withdrawal seizures with oral diazepam loading. ( Devenyi, P; Harrison, ML, 1985) |
| "A patient developed severe anxiety, moodswing, depression, and thinking disorder 24 hours after abruptly stopping oxazepam, of which he had taken 30 mg 3 times a day for two months, for anxiety and panic attacks." | 3.66 | Abstinence syndrome from therapeutic doses of oxazepam. ( Kulik, AV; Wilbur, R, 1983) |
| "Phenazepam given to rats in a daily dose of 2 mg/kg intraperitoneally for a long (30 days) time ceased to produce the sedative effect, and discontinuation of the medication led to development of the so-called "recoil syndrome" characterized by general depression and disturbances of the conditioned-reflex activity." | 3.66 | [Experimental study of the "'rebound syndrome" following discontinuation of prolonged phenazepam administration and possibilities for preventing it]. ( Garibova, TL; Voronina, TA, 1981) |
| "Drug addiction during pregnancy has been managed in two ways: the detoxification program and the methadone-maintenance treatment program." | 3.65 | Drug addiction in pregnancy and the neonate. ( Ackerman, BD; Blinick, G; Jerez, E; Wallach, RC, 1976) |
| "We enrolled 120 patients with alcohol use disorder who were randomly assigned to either treatment with vigabatrin (2g/day for 4 days) or placebo." | 3.30 | A Placebo-Controlled Randomized Trial of Vigabatrin in the Management of Acute Alcohol Withdrawal. ( Bonomo, Y; Collins, L; Lloyd-Jones, M; Norman, A; O'Neill, H; Ogden, E; Pastor, A; Williams, J, 2023) |
| "Baclofen was well tolerated and may be considered for the management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome, especially useful in situations where benzodiazepines should be withheld, such as patients with liver impairment." | 3.30 | Baclofen during alcohol detoxification reduces the need for additional diazepam: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. ( Crunelle, CL; Jegham, S; Matthys, F; Vanderbruggen, N, 2023) |
| " After the switch to diazepam, the dosage was gradually tapered according to a standardized protocol." | 3.11 | Discontinuation of chronic benzodiazepine use in primary care: a nonrandomized intervention. ( Aguiar, P; Alvim, A; Atalaia, P; Fernandes, M; Freitas, MC; Maria, V; Matos, F; Neves, I; Oliveira, J; Santos, O, 2022) |
| " While they are efficacious, issues arise from long-term use with the emergence of dependence and tolerance to doses within the therapeutic range and beyond." | 3.11 | Outcomes of patients treated with low-dose flumazenil for benzodiazepine detoxification: A description of 26 participants. ( Basso-Hulse, G; Gallo, AT; Hulse, GK; MacDonald, T, 2022) |
| "Lofexidine was at least as effective as diazepam in reducing the opioid withdrawal syndrome and increased treatment retention." | 2.87 | Lofexidine versus diazepam for the treatment of opioid withdrawal syndrome: A double-blind randomized clinical trial in Singapore. ( Assam, PN; Chan, E; Cheok, C; de Souza, NN; Guo, S; Kandasami, G; Koh, PK; Lee, KM; Manning, V; Pangjaya, J; Sultana, R; Wijesinghe, R; Wong, KE; Yang, Y, 2018) |
| " Outcomes included incident seizures, delirium tremens, AW severity scores, adverse events, dropouts, dropouts from adverse events, length of hospital stay, use of additional medications, total benzodiazepine requirements, and death." | 2.82 | Comparative efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapies for alcohol withdrawal: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. ( Bach, P; Bahji, A; Crockford, D; Danilewitz, M; Devoe, DJ; El-Guebaly, N; Saitz, R, 2022) |
| "Alcohol dependence is a public health problem worldwide, commonly associated with withdrawal symptoms for which diazepam is a frequently used drug." | 2.82 | Role of CYP2C19 gene polymorphism in acute alcohol withdrawal treatment with loading dose of diazepam in a South Indian population. ( Adithan, S; Chandrasekaran, A; Jose, M; Kattimani, S; Mathaiyan, J, 2016) |
| "Lorazepam was used as rescue medication." | 2.82 | A randomized, open-label, standard controlled, parallel group study of efficacy and safety of baclofen, and chlordiazepoxide in uncomplicated alcohol withdrawal syndrome. ( Girish, K; Manjunatha, R; Nagraj, M; Pandit, LV; Pundarikaksha, HP; Shruthi, R; Vasundara, K; Vijendra, R; Vikram Reddy, K, 2016) |
| "Diazepam was administered using a similar regimen (from 130-50 mg/day tapering to 5-15 mg/day)." | 2.75 | Zonisamide versus diazepam in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. ( Alamo, C; Ferre, F; Jiménez-Arriero, MÁ; López-Muñoz, F; Martínez-Gras, I; Pascual, JM; Ponce, G; Rubio, G, 2010) |
| "Diazepam was added when symptom triggered as rescue medication." | 2.75 | Levetiracetam for the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome: a multicenter, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. ( Heinz, A; Hinzpeter, A; Kienast, T; Plenge, T; Preuss, UW; Richter, C; Schaefer, M; Schmidt, F, 2010) |
| "During a 15-month period, trauma patients admitted to the ICU with a history of chronic daily alcohol consumption greater than or equal to five beverage equivalents per day were prospectively randomized to one of two 4-day prophylactic regimens: intravenous ethanol infusion (EtOH) versus scheduled-dose diazepam (BENZO)." | 2.73 | Comparison of intravenous ethanol versus diazepam for alcohol withdrawal prophylaxis in the trauma ICU: results of a randomized trial. ( Croce, MA; Edwards, NM; Fabian, TC; Fischer, PE; Magnotti, LJ; Schroeppel, T; Weinberg, JA, 2008) |
| "8); a lower daily benzodiazepine dosage at the start of tapering off (HR 1." | 2.72 | Predictors of long-term benzodiazepine abstinence in participants of a randomized controlled benzodiazepine withdrawal program. ( Breteler, MH; Gorgels, WJ; Mol, AJ; Mulder, J; van Balkom, AJ; van de Lisdonk, EH; Voshaar, RC; Zitman, FG, 2006) |
| " Both groups showed a reduction in benzodiazepine dosage of 86% over the first 8 days which was maintained at 1 month post-discharge." | 2.71 | In-patient benzodiazepine withdrawal: comparison of fixed and symptom-triggered taper methods. ( Machin, A; McGregor, C; White, JM, 2003) |
| "The severity of withdrawal symptoms was measured using the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment-Benzodiazepines (CIWA-B) questionnaire." | 2.71 | Impaired hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system is related to severity of benzodiazepine withdrawal in patients with depression. ( Brunner, H; Friess, E; Holsboer, F; Ising, M; Pedrosa Gil, F; Wichniak, A, 2004) |
| "The drug also decreased alcohol addiction, had vegetostabilising and sedative effects." | 2.68 | [The efficacy and mechanisms of action of lerivon in alcoholism]. ( Anokhina, IP; Chirko, VV; Ivanets, NN; Kogan, BM; Nebarakova, TP; Rusinov, AV, 1996) |
| "The aim of this study is to determine whether long-term use (5-20 years) of therapeutic doses of diazepam (5-20 mg/day) in anxious patients (n = 28) is associated with tolerance to its psychomotor and cognitive effects." | 2.67 | Differential acute psychomotor and cognitive effects of diazepam on long-term benzodiazepine users. ( Bernik, MA; Gorenstein, C; Pompéia, S, 1994) |
| " After four weeks the dosage was reduced in 25% quantities until no further benzodiazepines were taken." | 2.67 | A double-blind comparison of the effects of gradual withdrawal of lorazepam, diazepam and bromazepam in benzodiazepine dependence. ( Murphy, SM; Tyrer, P, 1991) |
| "Rebound anxiety and withdrawal symptoms were identified in a substantial minority of patients." | 2.67 | Controlled discontinuation of benzodiazepine treatment for patients with panic disorder. ( Cook, B; Garvey, MJ; Noyes, R; Suelzer, M, 1991) |
| " Mean daily diazepam dosage at entry was significantly higher in the buspirone group, but overall initial diazepam dosage was not related to outcome." | 2.67 | A double-blind placebo-controlled study of buspirone in diazepam withdrawal in chronic benzodiazepine users. ( Ashton, CH; Rawlins, MD; Tyrer, SP, 1990) |
| "Diazepam or lorazepam treatment is best initiated early in the course of alcohol withdrawal to prevent progression to more severe withdrawal." | 2.66 | [Assessment and Treatment of Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome]. ( Choi, HY; Lee, SK; Seo, JS, 2020) |
| " Our study indicates that the discontinuation of diazepam, even when given in moderate dosage over a relatively short period of time, may cause withdrawal reactions in combined antidepressant/diazepam treatment." | 2.66 | Withdrawal reactions to diazepam in combined imipramine/diazepam treatment of primary nonagitated depressed outpatients. ( Feet, PO; Larsen, S; Lillevold, PE; Robak, OH, 1988) |
| "Some withdrawal symptoms were distinct from those of anxiety (e." | 2.66 | Withdrawal reaction after long-term therapeutic use of benzodiazepines. ( Busto, U; Cappell, H; Naranjo, CA; Sanchez-Craig, M; Sellers, EM; Sykora, K, 1986) |
| "Diazepam 10 mg was evaluated in a sleep laboratory study of six insomniac subjects." | 2.66 | Diazepam: effects on sleep and withdrawal phenomena. ( Bixler, EO; Kales, A; Kales, JD; Soldatos, CR; Vela-Bueno, A, 1988) |
| "40 patients seen in general practice and psychiatric outpatient clinics who had taken lorazepam or diazepam alone in regular dosage for a mean period of 3." | 2.65 | Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms and propranolol. ( Huggett, T; Rutherford, D; Tyrer, P, 1981) |
| "41 outpatients who were long-term consumers of diazepam in therapeutic dosage were gradually withdrawn from the drug over 3 months by stepwise reduction." | 2.65 | Gradual withdrawal of diazepam after long-term therapy. ( Dawling, S; Owen, R; Tyrer, P, 1983) |
| " Clinicians should consider giving patients with a tendency to abuse drugs nonidentifiable dosage forms." | 2.65 | Effect of patient recognition of tranquilizers on their use in alcohol detoxification. ( Francis, DA; Nelson, AA, 1984) |
| " Thus, with long-term administration of diszepam, even in therapeutically accepted doses, withdrawal reactions can be encountered on abrupt termination." | 2.65 | Withdrawal reaction from long-term, low-dosage administration of diazepam. A double-blind, placebo-controlled case study. ( Greenblatt, DJ; Rickels, K; Schatz, NJ; Snyder, PJ; Winokur, A, 1980) |
| "Alprazolam was as effective as diazepam in the relief of anxiety as measured by the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Physician's Global Impressions, Patient's Global Impressions, Hopkins Symptom Checklist and Target Symptoms Record." | 2.65 | Double-blind comparison of alprazolam and diazepam for subchronic withdrawal from alcohol. ( Kolin, IS; Linet, OI, 1981) |
| " 2 Clobazam dosage ranged from 5 mg daily (paediatric patients) to 120 mg daily (psychiatric in-patients)." | 2.65 | Review of clinical studies on clobazam. ( Koeppen, D, 1979) |
| " Dose reduction does not change external appearance of the dosage form, and the patient could be treated until the placebo phase." | 2.61 | New approach for detoxification of patients dependent on benzodiazepines and Z-drugs for reduction of psychogenic complications. ( Franc, A; Kubová, K; Šaloun, J; Vetchý, D; Vysloužil, J, 2019) |
| "Treatment with baclofen is easy to manage and rarely produces euphoria or other pleasant effects, or craving for the drug." | 2.55 | Baclofen for alcohol withdrawal. ( Liu, J; Wang, LN, 2017) |
| "The treatment baclofen shows potential for rapidly reducing symptoms of severe alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) in people with alcoholism." | 2.52 | Baclofen for alcohol withdrawal. ( Liu, J; Wang, LN, 2015) |
| "The treatment baclofen can rapidly reduce symptoms of severe alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) in alcoholic patients, with a significant reduction in the cost." | 2.49 | Baclofen for alcohol withdrawal. ( Liu, J; Wang, LN, 2013) |
| "The greatest problem with combined treatment is relapse after drug discontinuance." | 2.40 | Benzodiazepines and exposure-based cognitive behavior therapies for panic disorder: conclusions from combined treatment trials. ( Bruce, TJ; Spiegel, DA, 1997) |
| "Alprazolam has a shorter half-life, which may lead to more withdrawal symptoms than diazepam." | 2.38 | Alprazolam and diazepam: addiction potential. ( Juergens, S, 1991) |
| " The dosing of various drugs currently in use is also discussed." | 2.37 | The neonatal narcotic abstinence syndrome: a brief review. ( Calabrese, JR; Gulledge, AD, 1985) |
| "However, withdrawal symptoms may occur in patients receiving recommended doses and/or short-term therapy." | 2.36 | Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome: a literature review and evaluation. ( MacKinnon, GL; Parker, WA, 1982) |
| "Definitions of Delirium Tremens (DT) and related clinical states are discussed together with the concepts of aetiology and pathogenesis in relation to psychiatric disease." | 2.36 | Delirium tremens and related clinical states. Aetiology, pathophysiology and treatment. ( Hemmingsen, R; Kramp, P; Rafaelsen, OJ, 1979) |
| " Bases for selection include: (1) availability of other than oral dosage forms; (2) differences in additive effect with alcohol in producing central nervous system depression; (3) differences in anticonvulsant effect; and (4) differences in duration of effect in the body (ie, half-life)." | 2.36 | Selection among benzodiazepines for alcohol withdrawal. ( Keeler, MH; Miller, WC, 1977) |
| "Delirium was associated with higher daily GHB consumption prior to admission, while duration of GHB use, time from presentation to first dose of diazepam, and concomitant methamphetamine use were inversely associated with delirium." | 1.91 | Inpatient GHB withdrawal management in an inner-city hospital in Sydney, Australia: a retrospective medical record review. ( Brett, J; Ezard, N; Freeman, G; Lindsey, R; Roberts, DM; Rodgers, C; Siefried, KJ, 2023) |
| "Benzodiazepines are the gold standard for alcohol withdrawal treatment but choice and dosing vary widely." | 1.72 | Outcomes of Minnesota Detoxification Scale (MINDS) Assessment With High-Dose Front Loading Diazepam Treatment for Alcohol Withdrawal in Hospitalized Patients. ( Agboto, V; Beddow, D; Hanovich, S; Holaday, K; Kirven, J; Patel, L; Smith, CS; St Hill, CA, 2022) |
| "The study was conducted on 100 Russian male patients suffering from the AWS who received diazepam injections at a dosage of 30." | 1.72 | Effects of CYP2C19*17 genetic polymorphisms on plasma and saliva concentrations of diazepam in patients with alcohol withdrawal syndrome. ( Bryun, E; Galaktionova, T; Grishina, E; Ryzhikova, K; Shipitsyn, V; Skryabin, VY; Sychev, D; Torrado, M; Zastrozhin, M, 2022) |
| " The efficacy and safety assessment was performed using psychometric scales and scales for assessing the severity of adverse drug reactions." | 1.72 | Using the CYP3A Activity Evaluation to Predict the Efficacy and Safety of Diazepam in Patients With Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome. ( Bryun, EA; Galaktionova, TE; Grishina, EA; Ivanov, AV; Ryzhikova, KA; Shipitsyn, VV; Skryabin, VY; Sorokin, AS; Sychev, DA; V Barna, I; Zastrozhin, MS, 2022) |
| " This case highlights the lack of adolescent-friendly facilities allowing safe tapering of rapid-acting benzodiazepines in North America." | 1.62 | Severe Benzodiazepine Use Disorder in a 16-Year-Old Adolescent: A Rapid and Safe Inpatient Taper. ( Chadi, A; Chadi, N; Fournier, C; Jamoulle, O, 2021) |
| " The efficacy and safety assessment was performed using psychometric scales and scales for assessing the severity of adverse drug reactions." | 1.56 | How do CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*17 genetic polymorphisms affect the efficacy and safety of diazepam in patients with alcohol withdrawal syndrome? ( Bryun, EA; Galaktionova, TE; Grishina, EA; Ryzhikova, KA; Shipitsyn, VV; Skryabin, VY; Sorokin, AS; Sychev, DA; Torrado, MV; Zastrozhin, MS, 2020) |
| "The few in-ED seizures occurred before medication administration." | 1.56 | Lorazepam Versus Diazepam in the Management of Emergency Department Patients With Alcohol Withdrawal. ( Barbic, D; Chiu, I; Duley, S; Grafstein, E; Grunau, B; Innes, G; Kestler, A; Lane, DJ; Miles, I; Moe, J; Nolan, S; Scheuermeyer, FX; Slaunwhite, A; Sljivic, I; Ti, L; Yan, A, 2020) |
| " Caution should be exercised regarding the long-term use of benzodiazepines in older adults (aged ≥65 years)." | 1.51 | Complicated Withdrawal Phenomena During Benzodiazepine Cessation in Older Adults. ( Kamal, A; Reeves, RR, 2019) |
| "Diazepam 20 mg was used up to three times per day, but didn't seem to improve or reduce the anxiety, agitation, visual or auditory hallucinations." | 1.48 | Delirium tremens in an AUD patient after an intrathecal baclofen pump induced total alcohol abstinence. ( Calvo, ME; Gunnarsson, T; Hao, M; Smith, L, 2018) |
| " Medication dosage was initially higher using the HAES, so that the time needed to monitor withdrawal symptoms could be reduced (3." | 1.43 | [Comparison of Two Symptom-Triggered Treatments for Alcohol Withdrawal: HAES vs. SAB-P]. ( Holzbach, R; Ihlow, C; Kemper, U; Naber, D; Takla, T, 2016) |
| "The diagnosis of drug dependence was based on the three criteria: symptoms of pathological dependence of benzodiazepine, benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome with severe somatic/autonomic symptoms and exacerbation of dependence, increase in tolerability to benzodiazepine anxiolytics and hypnotics; 64." | 1.42 | [Remote consequences of the long-term uncontrollable consumption of anxiolytics and hypnotics in elderly: a problem of drug dependence]. ( Avdeeva, TI; Ivanets, NN; Kinkulkina, MA; Tikhonova, YG, 2015) |
| "Trials of novel compounds for the treatment of schizophrenia are typically tested in patients following brief withdrawal of ongoing medication despite known long-term changes in the dopamine (DA) system following chronic antipsychotic drug therapy." | 1.40 | Prior antipsychotic drug treatment prevents response to novel antipsychotic agent in the methylazoxymethanol acetate model of schizophrenia. ( Cook, JM; Gill, KM; Grace, AA; Poe, MM, 2014) |
| "Gabapentin was used to provide an anxiolytic effect on drug-free days." | 1.38 | Evaluation of anxiolytic effect and withdrawal anxiety in chronic intermittent diazepam treatment in rats. ( Açikmeşe, B; Enginar, N; Hatipoğlu, I; Haznedar, S, 2012) |
| "The decrease in the seizure threshold for pentylenetetrazole during diazepam withdrawal was significantly suppressed by intracerebroventricular (i." | 1.38 | Involvement of the arachidonic acid cascade in the hypersusceptibility to pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure during diazepam withdrawal. ( Mori, T; Shibasaki, M; Shimizu, N; Suzuki, T, 2012) |
| " Further, chronic administration of berberine (10 and 20 mg/kg, i." | 1.37 | Berberine protects C57BL/6J mice against ethanol withdrawal-induced hyperexcitability. ( Bansod, K; Bhutada, P; Dixit, P; Hiware, R; Mundhada, D; Mundhada, Y; Rathod, S, 2011) |
| "We wanted to compare the intensity of withdrawal symptoms in patients hospitalised for alcohol detoxification between smokers and non-smokers." | 1.37 | Intensity of symptoms from alcohol withdrawal in alcohol-dependent patients: comparison between smokers and non-smokers. ( Jacques, D; Janne, P; Reynaert, C; Timary, P; Zdanowicz, N, 2011) |
| "Effects of GB-115, an anxiolytic L-triptophan-containing dipeptide, based on the endogenous tetrapeptide cholecystokinin, were evaluated during and after withdrawal of its long-term administration to rats in comparison with diazepam." | 1.37 | [The absence of tolerance and withdrawal syndrome after the treatment with the new L-tryptophane-containing dipeptide anxiolytic GB-115]. ( Garibova, TL; Gudasheva, TA; Kadnikov, IA; Kapitsa, IG; Kolik, LG; Konstantinopol'skiĭ, MA; Kuznetsova, AL; Litvinova, SA; Seredenin, SB; Voronina, TA, 2011) |
| "The effects of GB-115 dipeptide, a retroanalog of endogenous CCK-4, on the behavioral indices in "elevated plus maze" (EPM) test and on the content of biogenic amines in the brain structures after discontinuation of a chronic administration of benzodiazepine (BZ) derivatives phenazepam (2." | 1.37 | [Effect of GB-115 dipeptide on anxiety in rats with model benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome]. ( Gudasheva, TA; Kadnikov, IA; Kolik, LG; Seredenin, SB; Zhukov, VN, 2011) |
| " Hippocampal synaptic plasticity has been related to learning, memory, and adaptive processes developed during chronic administration of drug abuse." | 1.36 | Changes in hippocampal arc protein expression and synaptic plasticity by the presentation of contextual cues linked to drug experience. ( Almirón, RS; Bignante, EA; Monti, MC; Ramírez, OA, 2010) |
| " In addition, chronic administration of mecamylamine into ethanol diet-fed mice markedly attenuated the ethanol withdrawal sign scores, thus supporting the contention that nAChR is involved in ethanol dependence." | 1.36 | Inhibitory influence of mecamylamine on ethanol withdrawal-induced symptoms in C57BL/6J mice. ( Bansod, KU; Bhutada, PS; Dixit, PV; Kahale, VP; Mundhada, DR; Mundhada, YR; Umathe, SN, 2010) |
| " Data obtained showed an anxiolytic- and anxiogenic-like profile of the chronic intake of and withdrawal from diazepam regimen in the EPM test, 22-KHz USV and startle reflex." | 1.35 | Analysis of the chronic intake of and withdrawal from diazepam on emotional reactivity and sensory information processing in rats. ( Brandão, ML; Castilho, VM; De Ross, J; Nobre, MJ, 2008) |
| "This is a report of a jacksonian seizure in a non-psychotic manic patient who was treated with right prefrontal high frequency rTMS concomitant to pharmacotherapy." | 1.35 | Jacksonian seizure in a manic patient treated with rTMS. ( Papadimitriou, GN; Psarros, C; Sakkas, P; Soldatos, CR; Theleritis, CG, 2008) |
| "Withdrawal symptoms were noted 24 hr after the last injection of diazepam or morphine." | 1.34 | Effect of withdrawal of diazepam or morphine treatment on gastric motility (charcoal meal test) in mice: possible role of different central and peripheral receptors. ( Dhir, A; Kaushal, A; Kulkarni, SK, 2007) |
| "Diazepam is a benzodiazepine used in the treatment of anxiety, insomnia and seizures, but with the potential for abuse." | 1.33 | Acetylcholine in the accumbens is decreased by diazepam and increased by benzodiazepine withdrawal: a possible mechanism for dependency. ( Hoebel, BG; Rada, P, 2005) |
| " Development of physical dependence during chronic dosing with 0." | 1.32 | Physical dependence in baboons chronically treated with low and high doses of diazepam. ( Griffiths, RR; Kaminski, BJ; Lamb, RJ; Sannerud, CA; Weerts, EM, 2003) |
| "In the treatment of withdrawal symptoms diazepam was used." | 1.32 | [Chronic ethanol abuse related hospitalisation in the Internal Medicine Department of the Specialist Hospital in Biała Podlaska (Poland)]. ( Chwaluk, P, 2004) |
| "When PK 11195 was administered weekly (5 weeks), rather than daily, tolerance did not develop in either sex." | 1.31 | The pharmacodynamics of PK 11195 in diazepam-dependent male and female rats. ( Holtman, JR; Jing, X; Sloan, JW; Wala, EP, 2000) |
| "Diazepam treated rats showed a higher ethanol intake and spontaneous signs of ethanol withdrawal when the access to ethanol was discontinued." | 1.31 | Chronic benzodiazepine administration facilitates the subsequent development of ethanol dependence. ( Bustos, SG; Lacerra, C; Martijena, ID; Molina, VA, 2001) |
| "Naloxone was injected (5 mg/kg, s." | 1.31 | Effects of Ferula gummosa Boiss. fractions on morphine dependence in mice. ( Hosseinzadeh, H; Mojtahedi, K; Ramezani, M, 2001) |
| " Importantly, unlike diazepam, chronic administration of SB-243213 did not result in the development of either tolerance to the anxiolytic-like effects or withdrawal anxiogenesis." | 1.31 | SB-243213; a selective 5-HT2C receptor inverse agonist with improved anxiolytic profile: lack of tolerance and withdrawal anxiety. ( Blackburn, TP; Bromidge, SM; Forbes, IT; Gager, TL; Holland, V; Kennett, GA; Lightowler, S; Middlemiss, DN; Reavill, C; Riley, G; Stean, T; Thomas, D; Trail, B; Wilson, A; Wood, MD, 2001) |
| "The decrease in the seizure threshold for pentylenetetrazole during diazepam withdrawal was inhibited by pretreatment with MK-801 ((+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo(a,d)cycloheptan-5,10-imine maleate), 7-chlorokynurenic acid and ifenprodil." | 1.30 | Recovery of decreased seizure threshold for pentylenetetrazole during diazepam withdrawal by NMDA receptor antagonists. ( Misawa, M; Suzuki, T; Tsuda, M, 1997) |
| "Carbamazepine pretreatment enhanced chloride uptake after diazepam withdrawal but did not modify chloride flux in stressed or unstressed vehicle-treated rats." | 1.30 | Carbamazepine normalizes the altered behavioral and neurochemical response to stress in benzodiazepine-withdrawn rats. ( Lacerra, C; Martijena, ID; Molina, VA, 1997) |
| " FLU evoked dose-related tonic-clonic and clonic convulsions (five out of six rats), whereas PK (10 mg/kg) induced convulsions in only one rat (out of five); tachypnea tended to increase with the dose of both FLU and PK; twitches and jerks, backing and writhing had a significant regression on the dose of FLU; rearing tended to decrease with the dose of PK whereas FLU-evoked head bobbing and PK-evoked twitches and jerks had inverse U-shaped dose-response curves." | 1.30 | Comparison of abstinence syndromes precipitated by flumazenil and PK 11195 in female diazepam-dependent rats. ( Jing, X; Sloan, JW; Wala, EP, 1997) |
| "The increase in seizure sensitivity of repeatedly withdrawn mice was prevented by treatment with the NMDA receptor antagonist CGP 39551 (20 mg/kg, i." | 1.30 | Sensitisation to repeated withdrawal, in mice treated chronically with diazepam, is blocked by an NMDA receptor antagonist. ( Dunworth, SJ; Stephens, DN, 1998) |
| "The decrease in the seizure threshold for pentylenetetrazole in diazepam-withdrawn mice was not significantly affected by L-arginine (50 and 100 microg/mouse, i." | 1.30 | Role of nitric oxide in the hypersusceptibility to pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure in diazepam-withdrawn mice. ( Misawa, M; Shimizu, N; Suzuki, T; Tsuda, M; Yajima, Y, 1998) |
| "Diazepam treatment abolished the up-regulation of mu-receptors in spinal cord of morphine treated rats." | 1.30 | Inhibition of morphine tolerance and dependence by diazepam and its relation to mu-opioid receptors in the rat brain and spinal cord. ( Satyapriya, A; Sheu, MJ; Sribanditmongkol, P; Tejwani, GA, 1998) |
| "The decrease in the seizure threshold for pentylenetetrazole during diazepam withdrawal was significantly suppressed by intracerebroventricular (i." | 1.30 | Role of metabotropic glutamate receptors in the hypersusceptibility to pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure during diazepam withdrawal. ( Misawa, M; Shimizu, N; Soma, M; Suzuki, T; Tsuda, M, 1999) |
| "Potentially life-threatening seizures can occur following withdrawal from benzodiazepines, ethanol, or barbiturates." | 1.30 | Genetic determinants of severity of acute withdrawal from diazepam in mice: commonality with ethanol and pentobarbital. ( Crabbe, JC; Metten, P, 1999) |
| "In diazepam chronically treated mice, it attenuated diazepam tolerance (provoked by later acute administration of diazepam together with convulsant) and postponed physical dependence/withdrawal effects (provoked by later administration of isoniazid)." | 1.30 | The effect of a novel pentadecapeptide BPC 157 on development of tolerance and physical dependence following repeated administration of diazepam. ( Anic, T; Aralica, G; Dodig, G; Duplancie, B; Jelovac, N; Marovic, A; Mise, S; Perovic, D; Petek, M; Pigac, B; Prkacin, I; Rucman, R; Sebecic, B; Seiwerth, S; Sikiric, P; Slobodnjak, Z; Stancic-Rokotov, D; Turkovic, B; Ziger, T; Zoricic, I, 1999) |
| "Myoclonic, clonic and tonic seizures were induced by i." | 1.29 | Anticonvulsant tolerance and withdrawal characteristics of benzodiazepine receptor ligands in different seizure models in mice. Comparison of diazepam, bretazenil and abecarnil. ( Hönack, D; Löscher, W; Rundfeldt, C; Wlaź, P, 1995) |
| "Pretreatment with diazepam (1." | 1.29 | Observations of novel behaviors as indices of ethanol withdrawal-induced anxiety. ( Knapp, DJ; Pohorecky, LA; Saiers, JA, 1993) |
| "Diazepam (0." | 1.29 | Inhibition of morphine tolerance and dependence by diazepam and its relation to cyclic AMP levels in discrete rat brain regions and spinal cord. ( Santosa, DN; Sheu, MJ; Sribanditmongkol, P; Tejwani, GA, 1995) |
| "Alcohol withdrawal (especially delirium tremens) poses significant potential morbidity to postsurgical patients." | 1.29 | Trends in the management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. ( Moore, M; Newman, JP; Terris, DJ, 1995) |
| "These results suggest that withdrawal convulsions following acute ethanol, pentobarbital, and diazepam are sensitive to modulation by corticosterone and they support the hypothesis that stress may increase drug withdrawal severity." | 1.29 | Corticosterone increases severity of acute withdrawal from ethanol, pentobarbital, and diazepam in mice. ( Crabbe, JC; Keith, LD; Roberts, AJ, 1994) |
| " However, chronic administration for 21 days produced tolerance and no significant change in the ambulatory and total activity." | 1.29 | Reversal of diazepam withdrawal induced hyperactivity in mice by BR 16-A (Mentat), a herbal preparation. ( Kulkarni, SK; Sharma, A, 1994) |
| "Alpidem is a new anxiolytic of imidazopyridine structure which has a high affinity for the omega 1 (BZ1) modulatory site of the GABAA receptor." | 1.29 | Repeated treatment with alpidem, a new anxiolytic, does not induce tolerance or physical dependence. ( Morel, E; Perrault, G; Sanger, DJ; Zivkovic, B, 1993) |
| "Diazepam was used as a reference." | 1.29 | Long-term treatment with abecarnil does not induce diazepam-like dependence in mice. ( Schneider, HH; Stephens, DN; Steppuhn, KG; Turski, L, 1993) |
| "In order to explore the potential clinical utility of CCK-B antagonists for the treatment of benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, the auditory startle reflex was examined in rats undergoing withdrawal from the chronic administration of diazepam." | 1.29 | The CCK-B antagonist LY288513 blocks effects of diazepam withdrawal on auditory startle. ( Berger, JE; Helton, DR; Rasmussen, K; Scearce, E, 1993) |
| "Physical dependence was produced in the rat by exposure to continuous release of diazepam from silastic capsule implants (recrystallized diazepam) or by dosing through a gastric fistula." | 1.29 | Precipitated abstinence in the diazepam-dependent rat. ( Martin, WR; Sloan, JW; Wala, EP, 1993) |
| " These observations indicated that 5-HT3 receptor antagonists are ineffective in attenuating hyperlocomotor activity following abrupt termination of chronic administration of ethanol or diazepam, and increased sensitivity to PTZ in the ethanol-withdrawn rats." | 1.29 | Ethanol- and diazepam-withdrawal hyperlocomotion is not due to 5-HT3 receptor stimulation. ( Mehta, AK; Ticku, MK, 1993) |
| " ND and parent OX have similar pharmacokinetic profiles." | 1.29 | Pharmacokinetics of nordiazepam in physical dependence and precipitated abstinence in dogs. ( Martin, WR; Sloan, JW; Wala, EP, 1993) |
| " Drug was most often given on a fixed dosing schedule with additional medication "as needed" (52% of the programs)." | 1.29 | Alcohol withdrawal: a nationwide survey of inpatient treatment practices. ( Friedman, LS; Mayo-Smith, MF; Saitz, R, 1995) |
| "The probability of seizure activity during these four withdrawal episodes was calculated as 0." | 1.29 | Diazepam prevents progression of kindled alcohol withdrawal behaviour. ( Allerup, P; Bech, B; Hemmingsen, R; Ulrichsen, J, 1995) |
| "Catatonia has not previously been described." | 1.29 | Catatonia after benzodiazepine withdrawal. ( Mazurek, MF; Rosebush, PI, 1996) |
| "Development of tolerance and dependence has been reported to occur upon chronic administration of traditional benzodiazepines (BZDs)." | 1.29 | Abecarnil, a beta-carboline derivative, does not exhibit anticonvulsant tolerance or withdrawal effects in mice. ( Contarino, A; Giusti, P; Lipartiti, M; Natolino, F; Zanotti, A, 1996) |
| "After stopping the treatment, the body weight and food consumption in the diazepam 100 and 300 mg/kg groups tended to decrease or decreased to values lower than those in the control group, whereas these parameters in the S-(+)-DN-2327 30, 100 and 300 mg/kg groups were comparable to the control group values." | 1.29 | A nonbenzodiazepine partial agonist, S-(+)-DN-2327, has minimal physical dependence-producing liability, but shows cross-dependence on barbital in rats. ( Awasaki, Y; Inui, Y; Nishida, N; Yamamoto, M, 1996) |
| "195 at this dosage had no effect per se on intestinal motility in vehicle-treated rats." | 1.28 | Gastrointestinal motor alterations induced by precipitated benzodiazepine withdrawal in rats. ( Bueno, L; Fargeas, MJ; Martinez, J, 1992) |
| " We report five cases of high-dose triazolam abuse in which the daily dosage ranged from 5 to 15 mg (100-300 mg diazepam equivalent) and the duration of use ranged from 3 months to 5 years." | 1.28 | Detoxification for triazolam physical dependence. ( Sellers, EM; Sullivan, JT, 1992) |
| "This work was performed to compare withdrawal symptoms induced by the administration of the central vs." | 1.28 | Physical dependence on diazepam: precipitation of abstinence syndromes by peripheral and central benzodiazepine receptor antagonists. ( Bueno, L; Fargeas, MJ; Martinez, JA, 1992) |
| "01 mg/kg IP, twice daily for 14 days) produced a significant anxiolytic profile which was not a result of handling during the chronic dosing schedule, an effect was not measureable 24 h after treatment ended." | 1.28 | Comparison of acute and chronic treatment of various serotonergic agents with those of diazepam and idazoxan in the rat elevated X-maze. ( Heaton, M; Marsden, CA; Upton, N; Wright, IK, 1992) |
| "Diazepam and abecarnil were administered at doses which, based on previous experiments on anticonvulsant activity, resulted in about equieffective drug concentrations during treatment." | 1.28 | Withdrawal precipitation by benzodiazepine receptor antagonists in dogs chronically treated with diazepam or the novel anxiolytic and anticonvulsant beta-carboline abecarnil. ( Hönack, D; Löscher, W, 1992) |
| "Withdrawal Seizure Prone (WSP) mice, genetically selected to develop severe handling-induced convulsions after withdrawal from chronic ethanol treatment, were exposed to ethanol vapor for 24 h." | 1.28 | Antagonism of ethanol withdrawal convulsions in Withdrawal Seizure Prone mice by diazepam and abecarnil. ( Crabbe, JC, 1992) |
| " Rats were chronically fed food containing diazepam on an escalating drug dosage schedule, from 1 and 2 to 12 mg/g of food, over a period of 30 days." | 1.28 | Genetic differences in the development of physical dependence upon diazepam in Lewis and Fischer 344 inbred rat strains. ( Lu, MS; Misawa, M; Motegi, H; Suzuki, T; Yoshii, T, 1992) |
| " Using a cumulative dosing procedure, PTZ substituted for PTZ, and MDZ, chlordiazepoxide and diazepam (DZP) substituted for MDZ, in a dose-dependent manner." | 1.28 | Tolerance, cross-tolerance and withdrawal in rats made dependent on diazepam. ( Boone, MS; Emmett-Oglesby, MW; Pugh, SL, 1992) |
| " It is suggested that the chronic administration of the benzodiazepine may have induced changes in the brain that interfered with ECT." | 1.28 | Do benzodiazepines interfere with the action of electroconvulsive therapy? ( Cohen, SI; Lawton, C, 1992) |
| "Umespirone was compared to buspirone, diazepam and clozapine as a potential anxiolytic and antipsychotic agent." | 1.28 | The effects of umespirone as a potential anxiolytic and antipsychotic agent. ( Barnes, NM; Costall, B; Domeney, AM; Gerrard, PA; Kelly, ME; Krähling, H; Naylor, RJ; Tomkins, DM; Williams, TJ, 1991) |
| "Fundamental withdrawal symptoms (like hypersensitivity to sensory stimuli, abnormal perception of movement, depersonalisation or derealisation) were also less severe in the group treated with CBZ compared with the group not receiving that treatment." | 1.28 | Treatment of benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms with carbamazepine. ( Apelt, S; Bronisch, T; Emrich, HM; Garcia-Borreguero, D; Yassouridis, A, 1991) |
| "Baclofen (2 mg/kg) was sedative in both control treated and diazepam-dependent rats, but was ineffective at reversing the decrease in social interaction seen after diazepam withdrawal." | 1.28 | Diazepam withdrawal responses measured in the social interaction test of anxiety and their reversal by baclofen. ( Andrews, N; File, SE; Mabbutt, PS, 1991) |
| "Dogs dosed chronically (4-7 weeks) with oral flunitrazepam (7." | 1.28 | A comparison of the physical dependence inducing properties of flunitrazepam and diazepam. ( Martin, WR; Sloan, JW; Wala, EP, 1991) |
| "Most patients with mild withdrawal symptoms respond to non-pharmacological supportive care, except for those with a history of withdrawal seizures." | 1.28 | [Alcohol withdrawal--biological background, diagnosis and treatment]. ( Johnsen, J; Mørland, J, 1990) |
| "treatment with alprazolam induced clear physical dependence in DBA/2J mice as assessed by precipitation of a withdrawal syndrome with an i." | 1.28 | Physical dependence induced in DBA/2J mice by benzodiazepine receptor full agonists, but not by the partial agonist Ro 16-6028. ( Haefely, WE; Jenck, F; Martin, JR; Moreau, JL; Pieri, L; Schoch, P, 1990) |
| " The mean elimination half-life of diazepam fell within the range observed in healthy persons after the ingestion of therapeutic doses (5), or it was only moderately prolonged (t1/2 49." | 1.28 | Diazepam loading in alcohol withdrawal: clinical pharmacokinetics. ( Heikkinen, H; Heinälä, P; Piepponen, T, 1990) |
| "Ketotifen was compared to diazepam to inhibit aversive responding of the mouse in a black and white test box and in the rat social interaction test." | 1.28 | The effect of ketotifen in rodent models of anxiety and on the behavioural consequences of withdrawing from treatment with drugs of abuse. ( Costall, B; Kelly, ME; Naylor, RJ; Onaivi, ES, 1990) |
| "When diazepam was used as the dependence-producing drug, a 2." | 1.28 | Ethanol and diazepam withdrawal convulsions are extensively codetermined in WSP and WSR mice. ( Belknap, JK; Crabbe, JC; Laursen, SE, 1989) |
| "Buspirone was ineffective." | 1.28 | The effects of ondansetron (GR38032F) in rats and mice treated subchronically with diazepam. ( Costall, B; Jones, BJ; Kelly, ME; Naylor, RJ; Oakley, NR; Onaivi, ES; Tyers, MB, 1989) |
| " A tapering schedule was carried out during a 12-day stay in the hospital in which the diazepam dosage was reduced by a fixed quantity every day, corresponding to about ten percent of the initial dosage." | 1.28 | Panic attacks and major depression after discontinuation of long-term diazepam abuse. ( Magni, G; Schifano, F, 1989) |
| "Diazepam has been shown to produce physical dependence based on observations of behavioral stimulation or, in our laboratory, by increases in plasma corticosterone (CS) during antagonist-precipitated withdrawal." | 1.28 | Effects of beta-carboline-ethyl ester on plasma corticosterone--a parallel with antagonist-precipitated diazepam withdrawal. ( Eisenberg, RM; Johnson, C, 1989) |
| "Dogs, surgically implanted with a gastric fistula, were chronically dosed with diazepam or lorazepam." | 1.27 | Physical dependence on diazepam and lorazepam in the dog. ( Cherian, S; Martin, WR; McNicholas, LF, 1983) |
| " for 14 days) the corresponding dose-response lines were shifted to the right suggesting tolerance development." | 1.27 | Subacute benzodiazepine treatment: observations on behavioural tolerance and withdrawal. ( Gonzalez, JP; McCulloch, AJ; Nicholls, PJ; Sewell, RD; Tekle, A, 1984) |
| " Antidepressant medications, both TCAs and MAOIs, often help relieve the symptoms of depression that emerge when chronic use of cocaine is discontinued." | 1.27 | Cocaine abuse and its treatment. ( Resnick, EB; Resnick, RB, 1984) |
| " 5 Clinically important changes in drug effect may be present acutely, within the dosing interval, as a result of altered drug binding." | 1.27 | Variations in drug free fraction during alcohol withdrawal. ( Khouw, V; Naranjo, CA; Sandor, P; Sellers, EM, 1983) |
| "A case is presented in which a 68-year-old man became delirious after being withdrawn from a low dosage of alprazolam." | 1.27 | Alprazolam withdrawal delirium unresponsive to diazepam: case report. ( Baker, RW; Zimmer, B; Zipursky, RB, 1985) |
| "Diazepam was administered to Swiss-Webster mice for 53 days as a mixture of drug in laboratory chow, leading to consumption as high as 1000 mg/kg/day." | 1.27 | Benzodiazepine dependence in mice after ingestion of drug-containing food pellets. ( Gallaher, EJ; Henauer, SA; Hollister, LE; Jacques, CJ, 1986) |
| "Pretreatment with yohimbine (1." | 1.27 | Reversal by alpha-2 agonists of diazepam withdrawal hyperactivity in rats. ( Kulkarni, SK; Kunchandy, J, 1986) |
| "CGS-8216, a benzodiazepine antagonist, was administered to rats acutely dosed with diazepam, and to rats chronically dosed with diazepam or pentobarbital." | 1.27 | Benzodiazepine antagonist, CGS-8216, in diazepam- or pentobarbital-dependent and non-dependent rats. ( Martin, WR; McNicholas, LF, 1986) |
| "Buspirone-treated rats gain weight during withdrawal, suggesting that this novel anxiolytic should lack dependence liability in man." | 1.27 | Lack of withdrawal signs of dependence following cessation of treatment or Ro-15,1788 administration to rats chronically treated with buspirone. ( Eison, MS, 1986) |
| " Flumazenil caused dose-related increases in the NPAS scores of both diazepam- and nordiazepam-dependent dogs; the slopes of the two dose-response lines were not different." | 1.27 | Precipitation of abstinence in nordiazepam- and diazepam-dependent dogs. ( Martin, WR; McNicholas, LF; Sloan, JW; Wala, E, 1988) |
| "Physical dependence was rapidly induced in mice by administering diazepam intraperitoneally twice daily using an incremental dosing regimen (50 to 450 mg/kg) for nine consecutive days." | 1.27 | A simple and rapid method of inducing physical dependence with benzodiazepines in mice. ( Malick, JB; Patel, JB; Rinarelli, CA, 1988) |
| " In a separate experiment, Ro 15-1788 produced a PTZ-like stimulus when given at 2-day intervals during chronic administration of DZP." | 1.27 | Withdrawal from diazepam substitutes for the discriminative stimulus properties of pentylenetetrazol. ( Emmett-Oglesby, MW; Harris, CM; Idemudia, SO; Lal, H; Mathis, DA, 1988) |
| " Caution should be exercised in long-term use of benzodiazepines in susceptible individuals." | 1.27 | Delusional depression following benzodiazepine withdrawal. ( Eales, M; Joyce, E; Keshavan, MS; Moodley, P; Yeragani, VK, 1988) |
| "32 days, despite lower clonidine dosage and significantly lower diazepam dosage on the second day." | 1.27 | Opioid withdrawal and naltrexone induction in 48-72 hours with minimal drop-out, using a modification of the naltrexone-clonidine technique. ( Bailey, C; Brewer, C; Rezae, H, 1988) |
| "A 55 year old man developed an acute confusional state with grossly impaired short-term memory accompanied by a Status Petit Mal epilepsy pattern on EEG, one to two weeks after abruptly discontinuing a large amount of oxazepam and a smaller amount of alcohol." | 1.27 | Acute confusional state with status petit mal as a withdrawal syndrome--and five year follow-up. ( Billings, RF; Hersch, EL, 1988) |
| "Clonidine was found to be remarkably effective in alleviating various alcohol abstinence signs in a chronic alcoholic." | 1.27 | Clonidine in alcohol withdrawal: a clinical report. ( Kulkarni, GK; Kulkarni, SK; Parale, MP, 1987) |
| " Following a four week dosing period with 30 mg/kg of either CGS 9896 or diazepam, the drugs were withdrawn and similar behavioral measures obtained at various withdrawal intervals up to 15 days." | 1.27 | Lack of tolerance or withdrawal effects in mice after chronic administration of the non-sedating anxiolytic, CGS 9896. ( Boast, CA; Gerhardt, SC, 1987) |
| "7 mg/kg/day), on the gradedly increased dosage schedule with a dosage level of 0." | 1.27 | [Physical dependence liability test of 4-(o-benzylphenoxy)-N-methylbutylamine hydrochloride (MCI-2016) in rats]. ( Imamaki, H; Ogawa, K; Suzuki, T; Yanaura, S; Yoshii, T, 1987) |
| "8 mg/kg/d was tested in experiments with chronic administration for 4 weeks." | 1.27 | Physical dependence capacity of brotizolam in rhesus monkeys. 1st communication: primary dependence studies. ( Bechtel, WD; Stockhaus, K, 1986) |
| " During chronic administration of brotizolam, triazolam and diazepam all animals gained body weight." | 1.27 | Physical dependence capacity of brotizolam in rhesus monkeys. 2nd communication: primary dependence and barbital substitution. ( Stockhaus, K, 1986) |
| " Dose-response curves for the convulsive effect of pentylenetetrazol obtained at the peak of the withdrawal signs shifted greatly to the left in alcohol withdrawn animals but less in barbital withdrawn animals." | 1.27 | Differentiation of alcohol and barbital physical dependence. ( Kaneda, H; Kaneto, H; Kawatani, S, 1986) |
| "Verapamil significantly decreased seizure incidence and both it and flunarizine lowered mortality." | 1.27 | Calcium channel antagonists decrease the ethanol withdrawal syndrome. ( Dolin, SJ; Halsey, MJ; Little, HJ, 1986) |
| " The chronic use of benzodiazepines for eight months or longer prior to substitution or withdrawal appears to place the patient at a higher risk of incurring withdrawal phenomena." | 1.27 | Severe withdrawal syndrome after substitution of a short-acting benzodiazepine for a long-acting benzodiazepine. ( Berwish, NJ; Bond, WS; Swift, B, 1985) |
| "Dogs, surgically implanted with a chronic gastric fistula, were chronically dosed with N-desmethyldiazepam (32 mg/kg/day) in four divided doses to attain N-desmethyldiazepam plasma levels comparable to those observed in dogs dependent on diazepam (60 mg/kg/day)." | 1.27 | N-desmethyldiazepam physical dependence in dogs. ( Martin, WR; McNicholas, LF; Pruitt, TA, 1985) |
| "Diazepam was ineffective in the analgesic test and it did not alter morphine analgesia, except when administered in a high dose which decreased and analgesic response." | 1.26 | Effects of glycine, beta-alanine and diazepam upon morphine-tolerant-dependent mice. ( Contreras, E; Tamayo, L, 1980) |
| "For the insomniac without significant psychopathology, temazepam 10-20 mg, triazolam 0." | 1.26 | The use of short- and long-acting hypnotics in clinical medicine. ( Nicholson, AN, 1981) |
| " Rats were made dependent on diazepam by the chronic administration of this drug in the diet." | 1.26 | Effect of p-chlorophenylalanine on diazepam withdrawal signs in rats. ( Fukumori, R; Kitagawa, H; Satoh, T; Suzuki, T; Yanaura, S; Yoshii, T, 1980) |
| "Zopiclone was self-administered by rhesus monkeys relatively frequently by the intravenous route; the infrequent intragastric rate was similar to or slightly higher than with diazepam." | 1.26 | Dependence potential of zopiclone studied in monkeys. ( Yanagita, T, 1982) |
| "Thrombocytosis was not related to withdrawal symptoms or treatment (phenobarbital or paregoric)." | 1.26 | Thrombocytosis and increased circulating platelet aggregates in newborn infants of polydrug users. ( Burstein, Y; Giardina, PJ; Kandall, SR; Peterson, CM; Rausen, AR; Siljestrom, K, 1979) |
| " Diazepam (Valium) dosage (5 milligrams per kilogram of body weight) during the period ow withdrawal serves to maintain undiminished such alcohol self-administration." | 1.26 | Diazepam maintenance of alcohol preference during alcohol withdrawal. ( Deutsch, JA; Walton, NY, 1977) |
| "Severe withdrawal symptoms such as tremulousness, irritability, increased psychomotor activity, generalized muscle cramps, photophobia, retro-orbital pains and insomnia are described." | 1.26 | Diazepam addiction: a case report. ( Agrawal, P, 1978) |
| "Three infants are presented who had withdrawal symptoms after prolonged, intrauterine exposure to diazepam." | 1.26 | Withdrawal symptoms in neonates from intrauterine exposure to diazepam. ( Bhatt, K; Rementería, JL, 1977) |
| " It is suggested that reduction of methadone dosage in late pregnancy results in reduced incidence of withdrawal but must be carefully carried out." | 1.26 | Observation and treatment of neonatal narcotic withdrawal. ( Chappel, JN; Davis, R; Gumpel, J; Madden, JD; Mejia, A; Zuspan, F, 1977) |
| "Generalized motor seizures and myoclonic jerks were the predominant convulsive manifestations." | 1.26 | Neonatal seizures associated with narcotic withdrawal. ( Herzlinger, RA; Kandall, SR; Vaughan, HG, 1977) |
| " Physical dependence on phenobarbital and diazepam was produced using the same dosage schedules as with morphine." | 1.25 | Physical dependence on morphine, phenobarbital and diazepam in rats by drug-admixed food ingestion. ( Suzuki, T; Tagashira, E; Yanaura, S, 1975) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 311 (47.99) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 173 (26.70) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 74 (11.42) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 65 (10.03) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 25 (3.86) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Basińska-Szafrańska, A | 1 |
| Patel, L | 1 |
| Beddow, D | 1 |
| Kirven, J | 1 |
| Smith, CS | 1 |
| Hanovich, S | 1 |
| Holaday, K | 1 |
| Agboto, V | 1 |
| St Hill, CA | 1 |
| Saleem, S | 1 |
| Naqvi, F | 2 |
| Batool, A | 1 |
| Naqvi, SH | 1 |
| Batool, Z | 2 |
| Tabassum, S | 2 |
| Haider, S | 2 |
| Skryabin, VY | 4 |
| Zastrozhin, M | 1 |
| Torrado, M | 1 |
| Grishina, E | 1 |
| Ryzhikova, K | 1 |
| Shipitsyn, V | 1 |
| Galaktionova, T | 1 |
| Bryun, E | 1 |
| Sychev, D | 1 |
| Bahji, A | 1 |
| Bach, P | 1 |
| Danilewitz, M | 1 |
| Crockford, D | 1 |
| El-Guebaly, N | 1 |
| Devoe, DJ | 1 |
| Saitz, R | 2 |
| Fernandes, M | 1 |
| Neves, I | 1 |
| Oliveira, J | 1 |
| Santos, O | 1 |
| Aguiar, P | 1 |
| Atalaia, P | 1 |
| Matos, F | 1 |
| Freitas, MC | 1 |
| Alvim, A | 1 |
| Maria, V | 1 |
| Franck, J | 1 |
| Lauschke, VM | 1 |
| Zastrozhin, MS | 3 |
| Shipitsyn, VV | 3 |
| Bryun, EA | 3 |
| Sychev, DA | 3 |
| MacDonald, T | 2 |
| Gallo, AT | 2 |
| Basso-Hulse, G | 2 |
| Bennett, KS | 1 |
| Hulse, GK | 2 |
| Mäkinen, VN | 1 |
| Hansen, KB | 1 |
| Knudsen, ST | 1 |
| Islas-Preciado, D | 1 |
| Ugalde-Fuentes, G | 1 |
| Sollozo-Dupont, I | 1 |
| González Trujano, ME | 1 |
| Cervantes-Anaya, N | 1 |
| Estrada-Camarena, E | 1 |
| López-Rubalcava, C | 1 |
| Williams, J | 1 |
| Collins, L | 1 |
| Norman, A | 1 |
| O'Neill, H | 1 |
| Lloyd-Jones, M | 1 |
| Ogden, E | 1 |
| Bonomo, Y | 1 |
| Pastor, A | 1 |
| Konstantinopolsky, MA | 1 |
| Chernyakova, IV | 1 |
| Kolik, LG | 3 |
| Siefried, KJ | 2 |
| Freeman, G | 2 |
| Roberts, DM | 2 |
| Lindsey, R | 2 |
| Rodgers, C | 2 |
| Ezard, N | 2 |
| Brett, J | 2 |
| Belisle Haley, C | 1 |
| Agrawal, M | 1 |
| Newton, K | 1 |
| Yeung, B | 1 |
| Dayal, R | 1 |
| Crunelle, CL | 1 |
| Jegham, S | 1 |
| Vanderbruggen, N | 1 |
| Matthys, F | 1 |
| Lorenz-Guertin, JM | 1 |
| Povysheva, N | 1 |
| Chapman, CA | 1 |
| MacDonald, ML | 1 |
| Fazzari, M | 1 |
| Nigam, A | 1 |
| Nuwer, JL | 1 |
| Das, S | 1 |
| Brady, ML | 1 |
| Vajn, K | 1 |
| Bambino, MJ | 1 |
| Weintraub, ST | 1 |
| Johnson, JW | 1 |
| Jacob, TC | 1 |
| Kubová, K | 1 |
| Franc, A | 1 |
| Vysloužil, J | 1 |
| Šaloun, J | 1 |
| Vetchý, D | 1 |
| Torrado, MV | 1 |
| Grishina, EA | 2 |
| Ryzhikova, KA | 2 |
| Galaktionova, TE | 2 |
| Sorokin, AS | 2 |
| Song, Y | 1 |
| Xue, X | 1 |
| Han, H | 1 |
| Li, C | 1 |
| Jian, J | 1 |
| Yuan, W | 1 |
| Chen, X | 1 |
| Scheuermeyer, FX | 1 |
| Miles, I | 1 |
| Lane, DJ | 1 |
| Grunau, B | 1 |
| Grafstein, E | 1 |
| Sljivic, I | 1 |
| Duley, S | 1 |
| Yan, A | 1 |
| Chiu, I | 1 |
| Kestler, A | 1 |
| Barbic, D | 1 |
| Moe, J | 1 |
| Slaunwhite, A | 1 |
| Nolan, S | 1 |
| Ti, L | 1 |
| Innes, G | 1 |
| Choi, HY | 1 |
| Seo, JS | 1 |
| Lee, SK | 1 |
| Vernieri, F | 1 |
| Pasqualetti, P | 1 |
| Paolucci, M | 1 |
| Costa, CM | 1 |
| Brunelli, N | 1 |
| Autunno, M | 1 |
| Fallacara, A | 1 |
| Cecchi, G | 1 |
| Cevoli, S | 1 |
| Altamura, C | 1 |
| Fournier, C | 1 |
| Jamoulle, O | 1 |
| Chadi, A | 1 |
| Chadi, N | 1 |
| García-Méndez, N | 1 |
| Briceño-Santana, M | 1 |
| Totomoch-Serra, A | 1 |
| Manterola, C | 1 |
| Otzen, T | 1 |
| Valdez, PS | 1 |
| Campos-Durán, R | 1 |
| Reyna, GC | 1 |
| V Barna, I | 1 |
| Ivanov, AV | 1 |
| Soyka, M | 1 |
| Liu, J | 3 |
| Wang, LN | 3 |
| Sychla, H | 1 |
| Gründer, G | 1 |
| Lammertz, SE | 1 |
| Talarek, S | 2 |
| Listos, J | 3 |
| Orzelska-Gorka, J | 1 |
| Serefko, A | 1 |
| Kotlińska, J | 1 |
| Morud, J | 1 |
| Strandberg, J | 1 |
| Andrén, A | 1 |
| Ericson, M | 1 |
| Söderpalm, B | 1 |
| Adermark, L | 1 |
| Martinez, L | 2 |
| Vorspan, F | 1 |
| Declèves, X | 1 |
| Azuar, J | 1 |
| Fortias, M | 1 |
| Questel, F | 1 |
| Dereux, A | 1 |
| Grichy, L | 1 |
| Barreteau, H | 1 |
| Bellivier, F | 1 |
| Lépine, JP | 1 |
| Bloch, V | 1 |
| Oliveras, C | 1 |
| Fortea, A | 1 |
| Espinosa, L | 1 |
| Barrio, P | 1 |
| Lligoña, A | 1 |
| Balcells-Olivero, M | 1 |
| Jahn, A | 1 |
| Bodreau, C | 1 |
| Farthing, K | 1 |
| Elbarbry, F | 1 |
| Gajbhiye, SV | 1 |
| Tripathi, RK | 1 |
| Petare, A | 1 |
| Potey, AV | 1 |
| Shankar, A | 1 |
| Abouchedid, R | 1 |
| Gilks, T | 1 |
| Dargan, PI | 1 |
| Archer, JRH | 1 |
| Wood, DM | 1 |
| Dominguez, G | 1 |
| Henkous, N | 1 |
| Pierard, C | 1 |
| Belzung, C | 1 |
| Mons, N | 1 |
| Beracochea, D | 1 |
| Guo, S | 1 |
| Manning, V | 1 |
| Yang, Y | 1 |
| Koh, PK | 1 |
| Chan, E | 1 |
| de Souza, NN | 1 |
| Assam, PN | 1 |
| Sultana, R | 1 |
| Wijesinghe, R | 1 |
| Pangjaya, J | 1 |
| Kandasami, G | 1 |
| Cheok, C | 1 |
| Lee, KM | 1 |
| Wong, KE | 1 |
| Rincón-Cortés, M | 1 |
| Gagnon, KG | 1 |
| Dollish, HK | 1 |
| Grace, AA | 2 |
| Azanza Balmori, A | 1 |
| García Álvarez, G | 1 |
| Rodríguez Turiel, C | 1 |
| Povedano Suárez, EA | 1 |
| Muquebil Ali Al Shaban Rodríguez, OW | 1 |
| Warrington, SE | 1 |
| Collier, HK | 1 |
| Himebauch, AS | 1 |
| Wolfe, HA | 1 |
| Banerjee, D | 1 |
| Calvo, ME | 1 |
| Gunnarsson, T | 1 |
| Smith, L | 1 |
| Hao, M | 1 |
| Benedict, NJ | 2 |
| Wong, A | 3 |
| Cassidy, E | 1 |
| Lohr, BR | 2 |
| Pizon, AF | 2 |
| Smithburger, PL | 1 |
| Falcione, BA | 1 |
| Kirisci, L | 1 |
| Kane-Gill, SL | 2 |
| Lee, JA | 1 |
| Duby, JJ | 1 |
| Cocanour, CS | 1 |
| Downes, MA | 1 |
| Sadler, CW | 1 |
| Vidler, S | 1 |
| Lovett, CJ | 1 |
| Reeves, RR | 1 |
| Kamal, A | 1 |
| Nawaz, A | 1 |
| Perveen, T | 1 |
| Artur de la Villarmois, E | 1 |
| Pérez, MF | 3 |
| de Timary, P | 1 |
| Cordovil de Sousa Uva, M | 1 |
| Denoël, C | 1 |
| Hebborn, L | 1 |
| Derely, M | 1 |
| Desseilles, M | 1 |
| Luminet, O | 1 |
| Gill, KM | 1 |
| Cook, JM | 4 |
| Poe, MM | 1 |
| Wright, BT | 1 |
| Gluszek, CF | 1 |
| Heldt, SA | 1 |
| Qi, Z | 1 |
| Tretter, F | 1 |
| Voit, EO | 1 |
| Kovačević, J | 1 |
| Timić, T | 2 |
| Tiruveedhula, VV | 2 |
| Batinić, B | 1 |
| Namjoshi, OA | 2 |
| Milić, M | 2 |
| Joksimović, S | 1 |
| Savić, MM | 2 |
| Besirli, A | 1 |
| Eşel, E | 1 |
| Özsoy, S | 1 |
| Turan, T | 1 |
| Papp, M | 1 |
| Gruca, P | 1 |
| Lason-Tyburkiewicz, M | 1 |
| Litwa, E | 1 |
| Willner, P | 1 |
| Motaghinejad, M | 1 |
| Bangash, MY | 1 |
| Motaghinejad, O | 1 |
| Ivanets, NN | 2 |
| Kinkulkina, MA | 1 |
| Avdeeva, TI | 1 |
| Tikhonova, YG | 1 |
| Liebrenz, M | 1 |
| Schneider, M | 1 |
| Buadze, A | 1 |
| Gehring, MT | 1 |
| Dube, A | 1 |
| Caflisch, C | 1 |
| James, AO | 1 |
| Nicholson, TR | 1 |
| Hill, R | 1 |
| Bearn, J | 2 |
| Holzbach, R | 1 |
| Ihlow, C | 1 |
| Takla, T | 1 |
| Kemper, U | 1 |
| Naber, D | 1 |
| Jose, M | 1 |
| Mathaiyan, J | 1 |
| Kattimani, S | 1 |
| Adithan, S | 1 |
| Chandrasekaran, A | 1 |
| Girish, K | 1 |
| Vikram Reddy, K | 1 |
| Pandit, LV | 1 |
| Pundarikaksha, HP | 1 |
| Vijendra, R | 1 |
| Vasundara, K | 1 |
| Manjunatha, R | 1 |
| Nagraj, M | 1 |
| Shruthi, R | 1 |
| Lakehayli, S | 1 |
| Said, N | 1 |
| El Khachibi, M | 1 |
| El Ouahli, M | 1 |
| Nadifi, S | 1 |
| Hakkou, F | 2 |
| Tazi, A | 2 |
| Zhang, P | 1 |
| Austin, E | 1 |
| Thompson, M | 1 |
| Lin, S | 1 |
| Kailainathan, R | 1 |
| Greene, S | 1 |
| Koutsogiannis, Z | 1 |
| Junqueira-Ayres, DD | 1 |
| Asth, L | 1 |
| Ayres, AS | 1 |
| Lobão-Soares, B | 1 |
| Soares-Rachetti, VP | 1 |
| Gavioli, EC | 1 |
| Singh, SM | 1 |
| Sharma, B | 1 |
| Cabral, A | 2 |
| De Ross, J | 2 |
| Castilho, VM | 3 |
| Brandão, ML | 3 |
| Nobre, MJ | 3 |
| Verleye, M | 1 |
| Heulard, I | 1 |
| Gillardin, JM | 1 |
| Núñez, C | 1 |
| González-Cuello, A | 2 |
| Sánchez, L | 2 |
| Vargas, ML | 1 |
| Milanés, MV | 1 |
| Laorden, ML | 2 |
| Monti, MC | 2 |
| Almirón, RS | 2 |
| Bignante, EA | 1 |
| Ramírez, OA | 4 |
| dos Santos, L | 1 |
| de Andrade, TG | 1 |
| Graeff, FG | 1 |
| Cachat, J | 1 |
| Canavello, P | 1 |
| Elegante, M | 1 |
| Bartels, B | 1 |
| Hart, P | 1 |
| Bergner, C | 1 |
| Egan, R | 1 |
| Duncan, A | 1 |
| Tien, D | 1 |
| Chung, A | 1 |
| Wong, K | 1 |
| Goodspeed, J | 1 |
| Tan, J | 1 |
| Grimes, C | 1 |
| Elkhayat, S | 1 |
| Suciu, C | 1 |
| Rosenberg, M | 1 |
| Chung, KM | 1 |
| Kadri, F | 1 |
| Roy, S | 1 |
| Gaikwad, S | 1 |
| Stewart, A | 1 |
| Zapolsky, I | 1 |
| Gilder, T | 1 |
| Mohnot, S | 1 |
| Beeson, E | 1 |
| Amri, H | 1 |
| Zukowska, Z | 1 |
| Soignier, RD | 1 |
| Kalueff, AV | 1 |
| Bhutada, PS | 1 |
| Mundhada, YR | 1 |
| Bansod, KU | 1 |
| Umathe, SN | 1 |
| Kahale, VP | 1 |
| Dixit, PV | 1 |
| Mundhada, DR | 1 |
| van Rijn, RM | 1 |
| Brissett, DI | 1 |
| Whistler, JL | 1 |
| Vlainić, J | 1 |
| Jembrek, MJ | 1 |
| Strac, DS | 1 |
| Pericić, D | 1 |
| Bhutada, P | 1 |
| Mundhada, Y | 1 |
| Bansod, K | 1 |
| Hiware, R | 1 |
| Rathod, S | 1 |
| Dixit, P | 1 |
| Mundhada, D | 1 |
| Bell, J | 3 |
| Collins, R | 1 |
| Rubio, G | 1 |
| López-Muñoz, F | 1 |
| Ponce, G | 1 |
| Pascual, JM | 1 |
| Martínez-Gras, I | 1 |
| Ferre, F | 1 |
| Jiménez-Arriero, MÁ | 1 |
| Alamo, C | 1 |
| Richter, C | 1 |
| Hinzpeter, A | 1 |
| Schmidt, F | 1 |
| Kienast, T | 1 |
| Preuss, UW | 1 |
| Plenge, T | 1 |
| Heinz, A | 1 |
| Schaefer, M | 1 |
| Keys, VA | 1 |
| Jacques, D | 1 |
| Zdanowicz, N | 1 |
| Reynaert, C | 1 |
| Janne, P | 1 |
| Timary, P | 1 |
| Garibova, TL | 4 |
| Litvinova, SA | 1 |
| Kuznetsova, AL | 1 |
| Kapitsa, IG | 1 |
| Kadnikov, IA | 2 |
| Konstantinopol'skiĭ, MA | 1 |
| Gudasheva, TA | 2 |
| Voronina, TA | 4 |
| Seredenin, SB | 2 |
| Zhukov, VN | 1 |
| Açikmeşe, B | 1 |
| Haznedar, S | 1 |
| Hatipoğlu, I | 1 |
| Enginar, N | 1 |
| Reddy, DS | 2 |
| Gould, J | 1 |
| Gangisetty, O | 1 |
| Gabach, LA | 1 |
| Divljaković, J | 1 |
| Mori, T | 1 |
| Shimizu, N | 4 |
| Shibasaki, M | 2 |
| Suzuki, T | 18 |
| Maglio, LE | 1 |
| Marchesini, GR | 1 |
| Molina, JC | 1 |
| Allison, C | 3 |
| Claase, LA | 1 |
| Pratt, JA | 5 |
| Paine, TA | 1 |
| Jackman, SL | 1 |
| Olmstead, MC | 1 |
| Costa, E | 1 |
| Auta, J | 1 |
| Grayson, DR | 1 |
| Matsumoto, K | 1 |
| Pappas, GD | 1 |
| Zhang, X | 1 |
| Guidotti, A | 1 |
| McMahon, LR | 2 |
| Jerussi, TP | 1 |
| France, CP | 2 |
| Follesa, P | 4 |
| Mancuso, L | 4 |
| Biggio, F | 4 |
| Mostallino, MC | 1 |
| Manca, A | 3 |
| Mascia, MP | 1 |
| Busonero, F | 2 |
| Talani, G | 1 |
| Sanna, E | 2 |
| Biggio, G | 7 |
| Musavi, S | 1 |
| Kakkar, P | 1 |
| Voshaar, RC | 2 |
| Gorgels, WJ | 2 |
| Mol, AJ | 2 |
| van Balkom, AJ | 2 |
| van de Lisdonk, EH | 2 |
| Breteler, MH | 2 |
| van den Hoogen, HJ | 1 |
| Zitman, FG | 3 |
| Borlikova, GG | 1 |
| Proskuryakova, TV | 1 |
| Petrichenko, OB | 1 |
| Burd, SG | 1 |
| Avakyan, GN | 1 |
| Kaminski, BJ | 1 |
| Sannerud, CA | 2 |
| Weerts, EM | 1 |
| Lamb, RJ | 4 |
| Griffiths, RR | 9 |
| McGregor, C | 1 |
| Machin, A | 1 |
| White, JM | 2 |
| Puura, A | 1 |
| Devi, G | 1 |
| DILLE, JR | 1 |
| TANG, PC | 1 |
| FLYNN, SF | 1 |
| BARTEN, HH | 1 |
| Cabras, S | 1 |
| Caria, S | 1 |
| Gorini, G | 1 |
| Orru, A | 1 |
| Dobrydnjov, I | 1 |
| Axelsson, K | 1 |
| Berggren, L | 1 |
| Samarütel, J | 1 |
| Holmström, B | 1 |
| Kliethermes, CL | 1 |
| Metten, P | 2 |
| Belknap, JK | 3 |
| Buck, KJ | 1 |
| Crabbe, JC | 5 |
| Liang, J | 1 |
| Cagetti, E | 3 |
| Olsen, RW | 1 |
| Spigelman, I | 1 |
| Isoardi, NA | 2 |
| Martijena, ID | 7 |
| Carrer, HF | 2 |
| Molina, VA | 7 |
| Wichniak, A | 1 |
| Brunner, H | 1 |
| Ising, M | 1 |
| Pedrosa Gil, F | 1 |
| Holsboer, F | 1 |
| Friess, E | 1 |
| Gillman, MA | 2 |
| Lichtigfeld, FJ | 2 |
| Mintzer, MZ | 1 |
| El Ganouni, S | 1 |
| Hanoun, N | 1 |
| Boni, C | 1 |
| Hamon, M | 1 |
| Nixon, K | 1 |
| Crews, FT | 1 |
| Chwaluk, P | 1 |
| Bustos, SG | 3 |
| Bertotto, ME | 2 |
| Watanabe, A | 1 |
| Tsuchida, H | 1 |
| Kitabayashi, Y | 1 |
| Tani, N | 1 |
| Yamashita, T | 1 |
| Fukui, K | 1 |
| Rada, P | 1 |
| Hoebel, BG | 1 |
| Ripley, TL | 1 |
| Stephens, DN | 7 |
| Begg, DP | 1 |
| Hallam, KT | 1 |
| Norman, TR | 2 |
| Malec, D | 1 |
| Fidecka, S | 2 |
| Addolorato, G | 2 |
| Leggio, L | 1 |
| Abenavoli, L | 1 |
| Agabio, R | 1 |
| Caputo, F | 2 |
| Capristo, E | 2 |
| Colombo, G | 2 |
| Gessa, GL | 1 |
| Gasbarrini, G | 2 |
| Fatséas, M | 1 |
| Lavie, E | 1 |
| Denis, C | 1 |
| Franques-Rénéric, P | 1 |
| Tignol, J | 1 |
| Auriacombe, M | 1 |
| Chichakli, H | 1 |
| Frosch, PJ | 1 |
| Brinkmeier, T | 1 |
| Mulder, J | 1 |
| Javors, MA | 1 |
| Krupitsky, EM | 1 |
| Rudenko, AA | 1 |
| Burakov, AM | 1 |
| Slavina, TY | 1 |
| Grinenko, AA | 1 |
| Pittman, B | 1 |
| Gueorguieva, R | 1 |
| Petrakis, IL | 1 |
| Zvartau, EE | 2 |
| Krystal, JH | 1 |
| Reed, LJ | 1 |
| Glasper, A | 1 |
| de Wet, CJ | 1 |
| Gossop, M | 1 |
| O'Connor, AB | 1 |
| Lang, VJ | 1 |
| Hernández, J | 1 |
| Teresa Castells, M | 1 |
| Victoria Milanés, M | 1 |
| Cruikshank, M | 1 |
| Eunson, P | 1 |
| Fontanesi, LB | 1 |
| Ferreira, R | 1 |
| Kulkarni, SK | 5 |
| Kaushal, A | 1 |
| Dhir, A | 1 |
| López-Patiño, MA | 1 |
| Yu, L | 1 |
| Cabral, H | 1 |
| Zhdanova, IV | 1 |
| Hartsell, Z | 1 |
| Drost, J | 1 |
| Wilkens, JA | 1 |
| Budavari, AI | 1 |
| Katsura, M | 1 |
| Kurokawa, K | 1 |
| Tsujimura, A | 1 |
| Ohkuma, S | 1 |
| Weinberg, JA | 1 |
| Magnotti, LJ | 1 |
| Fischer, PE | 1 |
| Edwards, NM | 1 |
| Schroeppel, T | 1 |
| Fabian, TC | 1 |
| Croce, MA | 1 |
| Sakkas, P | 1 |
| Theleritis, CG | 1 |
| Psarros, C | 1 |
| Papadimitriou, GN | 1 |
| Soldatos, CR | 2 |
| Helland, A | 1 |
| Skjøtskift, S | 1 |
| Burov, IuV | 1 |
| Iukhananov, RIu | 1 |
| Maĭskiĭ, AI | 1 |
| Laughren, TP | 2 |
| Contreras, E | 1 |
| Tamayo, L | 1 |
| Tyrer, P | 6 |
| Rutherford, D | 1 |
| Huggett, T | 1 |
| Lapierre, YD | 5 |
| Singh, MM | 1 |
| Becker, RE | 1 |
| Pitman, RK | 1 |
| Nasrallah, HA | 1 |
| Lal, H | 8 |
| Dufresne, RL | 1 |
| Weber, SS | 1 |
| McCalley-Whitters, M | 1 |
| Tremblay, A | 1 |
| Gagnon, A | 1 |
| Monpremier, P | 1 |
| Berliss, H | 1 |
| Oyewumi, LK | 1 |
| Manmaru, S | 1 |
| Yamamoto, K | 2 |
| MacKinnon, GL | 1 |
| Parker, WA | 1 |
| Shader, RI | 5 |
| Greenblatt, DJ | 11 |
| Nicholson, AN | 1 |
| Owen, R | 2 |
| Dawling, S | 1 |
| Abernethy, DR | 2 |
| McNicholas, LF | 6 |
| Martin, WR | 11 |
| Cherian, S | 2 |
| Conell, LJ | 1 |
| Berlin, RM | 1 |
| Chouinard, G | 4 |
| Labonte, A | 1 |
| Fontaine, R | 4 |
| Annable, L | 3 |
| Francis, DA | 1 |
| Nelson, AA | 1 |
| Ator, NA | 2 |
| Lukas, SE | 3 |
| Brady, JV | 1 |
| Rizzo, F | 1 |
| Murphy, SM | 3 |
| Owen, RT | 2 |
| Tyrer, PJ | 1 |
| Gonzalez, JP | 1 |
| McCulloch, AJ | 1 |
| Nicholls, PJ | 1 |
| Sewell, RD | 1 |
| Tekle, A | 1 |
| Olajide, D | 1 |
| Lader, M | 2 |
| Bánki, CM | 1 |
| Fukumori, R | 2 |
| Yoshii, T | 4 |
| Yanaura, S | 4 |
| Satoh, T | 2 |
| Kitagawa, H | 2 |
| Scharf, MB | 1 |
| Feil, P | 1 |
| Hemmingsen, R | 4 |
| Braestrup, C | 2 |
| Nielsen, M | 2 |
| Barry, DI | 1 |
| Rickels, K | 10 |
| Case, WG | 4 |
| Downing, RW | 2 |
| Winokur, A | 5 |
| Yanagita, T | 2 |
| Kato, S | 1 |
| Emmett-Oglesby, M | 1 |
| Spencer, D | 1 |
| Lewis, M | 1 |
| Elmesallamy, F | 2 |
| Emmett-Oglesby, MW | 5 |
| Spencer, DG | 2 |
| Lewis, MW | 1 |
| Finnegan, LP | 5 |
| Michael, H | 1 |
| Leifer, B | 1 |
| Desai, S | 1 |
| Rhodes, PJ | 1 |
| Rhodes, RS | 1 |
| McCurdy, HH | 1 |
| Tunis, SL | 1 |
| Webster, DM | 1 |
| Izes, JK | 1 |
| Tennant, FS | 1 |
| Pumphrey, EA | 1 |
| Coid, J | 1 |
| Gauché, WG | 1 |
| Resnick, RB | 1 |
| Resnick, EB | 1 |
| Jaffe, JH | 1 |
| Ciraulo, DA | 1 |
| Nies, A | 1 |
| Dixon, RB | 1 |
| Monroe, LL | 1 |
| Sellers, EM | 8 |
| Naranjo, CA | 4 |
| Harrison, M | 1 |
| Devenyi, P | 2 |
| Roach, C | 1 |
| Sykora, K | 2 |
| Okamoto, M | 1 |
| Aaronson, L | 1 |
| Hinman, D | 1 |
| Smile, DH | 1 |
| Pearlman, T | 1 |
| Miller, WC | 2 |
| McCurdy, L | 1 |
| Cumin, R | 2 |
| Bonetti, EP | 2 |
| Scherschlicht, R | 1 |
| Haefely, WE | 3 |
| Jasinski, DR | 2 |
| Haertzen, CA | 2 |
| Henningfield, JE | 1 |
| Johnson, RE | 1 |
| Makhzoumi, HM | 1 |
| Miyasato, K | 3 |
| Leung, FW | 1 |
| Guze, PA | 1 |
| Sandor, P | 2 |
| Giles, HG | 1 |
| Khouw, V | 2 |
| Busto, U | 3 |
| Wilbur, R | 1 |
| Kulik, AV | 1 |
| Eisenberg, RM | 4 |
| Wiechman, BE | 1 |
| Spratto, GR | 1 |
| Valdman, AV | 1 |
| Holt, RJ | 1 |
| Pérez-Cruet, J | 1 |
| Snyder, PJ | 1 |
| Schatz, NJ | 1 |
| Kolin, IS | 1 |
| Linet, OI | 1 |
| Petursson, H | 1 |
| Lader, MH | 1 |
| Battey, Y | 1 |
| Harrop, DS | 1 |
| Robinson, GM | 1 |
| Good, WV | 1 |
| Dubovsky, SL | 1 |
| Mellor, CS | 1 |
| Jain, VK | 1 |
| Yoshimura, K | 1 |
| Nagy, BR | 1 |
| Dillman, CE | 1 |
| Cohen, S | 1 |
| Ayd, FJ | 1 |
| Perry, PJ | 1 |
| Stambaugh, RL | 1 |
| Tsuang, MT | 1 |
| Smith, RE | 1 |
| Backes, CR | 1 |
| Cordero, L | 1 |
| Evans, AN | 1 |
| Brooke, OG | 1 |
| West, RJ | 1 |
| Chandora, DB | 1 |
| Ladewig, D | 1 |
| Bowden, CL | 1 |
| Fisher, JG | 1 |
| Rundfeldt, C | 2 |
| Wlaź, P | 1 |
| Hönack, D | 4 |
| Löscher, W | 4 |
| Reigel, CE | 2 |
| Bourn, WM | 2 |
| Strickland, RA | 1 |
| Berge, KH | 1 |
| Salloum, IM | 1 |
| Cornelius, JR | 1 |
| Daley, DC | 1 |
| Thase, ME | 1 |
| Rossetti, ZL | 1 |
| Carboni, S | 1 |
| Martin, JR | 5 |
| Jenck, F | 4 |
| Moreau, JL | 4 |
| Jing, X | 7 |
| Wala, EP | 9 |
| Sloan, JW | 13 |
| Bonnafous, C | 3 |
| Martinez, J | 2 |
| Bueno, L | 5 |
| Knapp, DJ | 1 |
| Saiers, JA | 1 |
| Pohorecky, LA | 1 |
| Cohen, SI | 2 |
| Lefevre, P | 1 |
| Sheu, MJ | 2 |
| Sribanditmongkol, P | 2 |
| Santosa, DN | 1 |
| Tejwani, GA | 2 |
| Gorenstein, C | 1 |
| Bernik, MA | 1 |
| Pompéia, S | 1 |
| Fernandes, C | 2 |
| Andrews, N | 10 |
| File, SE | 14 |
| Miczek, KA | 2 |
| Vivian, JA | 2 |
| Newman, JP | 1 |
| Terris, DJ | 1 |
| Moore, M | 1 |
| Farrell, WJ | 1 |
| Sapperstein, SB | 1 |
| Humeniuk, RE | 1 |
| Ong, J | 1 |
| Roberts, AJ | 1 |
| Keith, LD | 1 |
| Chopin, P | 1 |
| Assié, MB | 1 |
| Briley, M | 1 |
| Sharma, A | 1 |
| Pesce, ME | 2 |
| Acevedo, X | 2 |
| Pinardi, G | 2 |
| Miranda, HF | 2 |
| Perrault, G | 1 |
| Morel, E | 1 |
| Sanger, DJ | 1 |
| Zivkovic, B | 1 |
| Gallo, MA | 1 |
| Smith, SS | 1 |
| Brioni, JD | 1 |
| O'Neill, AB | 1 |
| Kim, DJ | 1 |
| Buckley, MJ | 1 |
| Decker, MW | 1 |
| Arneric, SP | 1 |
| Andreatini, R | 1 |
| Leite, JR | 1 |
| Steppuhn, KG | 2 |
| Schneider, HH | 1 |
| Turski, L | 2 |
| Robertson, M | 1 |
| Rasmussen, K | 2 |
| Helton, DR | 2 |
| Berger, JE | 2 |
| Scearce, E | 2 |
| Mizoguchi, H | 3 |
| Shirayama, N | 1 |
| Tsuda, M | 10 |
| Yoshiike, M | 1 |
| Misawa, M | 13 |
| Bird, RD | 1 |
| Makela, EH | 1 |
| Laurie, DJ | 2 |
| Manikant, S | 1 |
| Tripathi, BM | 1 |
| Chavan, BS | 1 |
| Shih, WJ | 1 |
| Hyatt, M | 1 |
| Mehta, AK | 1 |
| Ticku, MK | 2 |
| García Márquez, P | 1 |
| Baz Alonso, MJ | 1 |
| Patrick, SJ | 1 |
| Snelling, LK | 1 |
| Ment, LR | 1 |
| Korkmaz, S | 2 |
| Carlsson, S | 1 |
| Wahlström, G | 2 |
| Rattray, M | 2 |
| Singhvi, S | 2 |
| Wu, PY | 3 |
| Barnes, NM | 3 |
| Steward, LJ | 1 |
| West, KE | 1 |
| Cunningham, J | 1 |
| Zangrossi, H | 1 |
| Wala, E | 4 |
| Friedman, LS | 1 |
| Mayo-Smith, MF | 1 |
| Hyman, SE | 1 |
| Motegi, H | 2 |
| Awano, H | 1 |
| Narita, M | 1 |
| Funada, M | 1 |
| Ulrichsen, J | 2 |
| Bech, B | 1 |
| Allerup, P | 1 |
| Toki, S | 2 |
| Saito, T | 2 |
| Nabeshima, A | 1 |
| Hatta, S | 2 |
| Watanabe, M | 1 |
| Takahata, N | 2 |
| Devaud, LL | 2 |
| Purdy, RH | 1 |
| Finn, DA | 1 |
| Morrow, AL | 2 |
| Tapia, M | 1 |
| Hayward, P | 1 |
| Wardle, J | 1 |
| Higgitt, A | 2 |
| Gray, J | 1 |
| Mezciems, PE | 1 |
| Rosebush, PI | 1 |
| Mazurek, MF | 1 |
| Nielsen, CK | 1 |
| Sánchez, C | 1 |
| Ebert, U | 1 |
| Natolino, F | 1 |
| Zanotti, A | 1 |
| Contarino, A | 1 |
| Lipartiti, M | 1 |
| Giusti, P | 1 |
| Inui, Y | 1 |
| Yamamoto, M | 1 |
| Awasaki, Y | 1 |
| Nishida, N | 1 |
| Künstler, U | 1 |
| Thomas, H | 1 |
| Mörchen, G | 1 |
| Anokhina, IP | 1 |
| Kogan, BM | 1 |
| Chirko, VV | 1 |
| Nebarakova, TP | 1 |
| Rusinov, AV | 1 |
| McNamara, RK | 1 |
| Skelton, RW | 1 |
| Gonzalez, LE | 1 |
| Spiegel, DA | 1 |
| Bruce, TJ | 1 |
| Anton, RF | 1 |
| Kranzler, HR | 1 |
| McEvoy, JP | 1 |
| Moak, DH | 1 |
| Bianca, R | 1 |
| Schweizer, E | 3 |
| DeMartinis, N | 1 |
| Mandos, L | 1 |
| Mercer, C | 1 |
| Nakamura-Palacios, EM | 1 |
| Roelke, CE | 1 |
| Lacerra, C | 3 |
| Hu, XJ | 1 |
| Imperato, A | 1 |
| Dazzi, L | 1 |
| Carta, G | 1 |
| Ward, BO | 1 |
| Chiba, Y | 1 |
| Yajima, Y | 2 |
| Dunworth, SJ | 4 |
| Brett, RR | 1 |
| Pieri, L | 3 |
| Pires, JG | 1 |
| Monteiro, KC | 1 |
| Alvarenga, SO | 1 |
| Costa, MG | 1 |
| Gomes, MA | 1 |
| Futuro-Neto, HA | 1 |
| Val'dman, EA | 1 |
| Kraĭneva, VA | 1 |
| Satyapriya, A | 1 |
| Fritschy, JM | 1 |
| Holtman, JR | 3 |
| Milliken, B | 1 |
| Sagduyu, A | 1 |
| Tarlaci, S | 1 |
| Sirin, H | 1 |
| Pokk, P | 1 |
| Zharkovsky, A | 4 |
| Soma, M | 1 |
| Stock, H | 1 |
| Ford, K | 1 |
| Biscardi, R | 1 |
| Wilson, MA | 1 |
| Wooddell, WJ | 1 |
| Jung, ME | 1 |
| Wallis, CJ | 1 |
| Gatch, MB | 1 |
| Jelovac, N | 1 |
| Sikiric, P | 1 |
| Rucman, R | 1 |
| Petek, M | 1 |
| Perovic, D | 1 |
| Marovic, A | 1 |
| Anic, T | 1 |
| Seiwerth, S | 1 |
| Mise, S | 1 |
| Pigac, B | 1 |
| Duplancie, B | 1 |
| Turkovic, B | 1 |
| Dodig, G | 1 |
| Prkacin, I | 1 |
| Stancic-Rokotov, D | 1 |
| Zoricic, I | 1 |
| Aralica, G | 1 |
| Sebecic, B | 1 |
| Ziger, T | 1 |
| Slobodnjak, Z | 1 |
| Mead, AN | 1 |
| Freeman, EW | 1 |
| Jackson, MA | 1 |
| Couvée, JE | 1 |
| Schneir, AB | 1 |
| Ly, BT | 1 |
| Clark, RF | 1 |
| Rogawski, MA | 1 |
| Maciocco, E | 1 |
| Massa, F | 1 |
| Desole, MS | 1 |
| Carta, M | 1 |
| Ramezani, M | 1 |
| Hosseinzadeh, H | 1 |
| Mojtahedi, K | 1 |
| Wood, MD | 1 |
| Reavill, C | 1 |
| Trail, B | 1 |
| Wilson, A | 1 |
| Stean, T | 1 |
| Kennett, GA | 1 |
| Lightowler, S | 1 |
| Blackburn, TP | 1 |
| Thomas, D | 1 |
| Gager, TL | 1 |
| Riley, G | 1 |
| Holland, V | 1 |
| Bromidge, SM | 1 |
| Forbes, IT | 1 |
| Middlemiss, DN | 1 |
| Franco, M | 1 |
| Trapani, G | 1 |
| Williams, S | 1 |
| Mielke, DH | 1 |
| Gallant, DM | 1 |
| McFarlain, RA | 1 |
| Rastogi, RB | 3 |
| Singhal, RL | 3 |
| Agarwal, RA | 1 |
| Zisook, S | 1 |
| DeVaul, RA | 1 |
| Fialkov, MJ | 1 |
| Hall, RC | 1 |
| Kirkpatrick, B | 1 |
| Baldino, F | 1 |
| Cowan, A | 1 |
| Geller, EB | 1 |
| Adler, MW | 1 |
| Squires, RF | 1 |
| Kramp, P | 2 |
| Rafaelsen, OJ | 1 |
| Koeppen, D | 1 |
| Franken, R | 1 |
| Seale, FE | 1 |
| Piredda, F | 1 |
| Cugurra, F | 1 |
| Canevari, A | 1 |
| de Bard, ML | 1 |
| Neumann, LL | 2 |
| Cohen, SN | 2 |
| Allen, S | 1 |
| Oswald, I | 2 |
| Coleman, JH | 1 |
| Evans, WE | 1 |
| Becker, CE | 2 |
| Roe, R | 1 |
| Scott, R | 1 |
| Tong, T | 1 |
| Boerner, U | 1 |
| Luce, J | 1 |
| Kissin, B | 1 |
| Keeler, MH | 1 |
| Rønsted, P | 1 |
| Hansen, T | 1 |
| Miller, F | 1 |
| Nulsen, J | 1 |
| Rifkin, A | 2 |
| Klein, DF | 2 |
| Quitkin, F | 2 |
| Woo, E | 1 |
| Pond, SM | 1 |
| Phillips, M | 1 |
| Benowitz, NL | 1 |
| Galinsky, RE | 1 |
| Tong, TG | 1 |
| Burstein, Y | 1 |
| Giardina, PJ | 1 |
| Rausen, AR | 1 |
| Kandall, SR | 3 |
| Siljestrom, K | 1 |
| Peterson, CM | 1 |
| Gottschalk, LA | 1 |
| Cohn, JB | 1 |
| Kandhari, M | 1 |
| Meberg, A | 1 |
| Melson, R | 1 |
| Sommer, FF | 1 |
| Deutsch, JA | 1 |
| Walton, NY | 1 |
| Ferko, AP | 1 |
| Bobyock, E | 1 |
| Chernick, WS | 1 |
| Ecker, A | 1 |
| Agrawal, P | 1 |
| Goddard, J | 1 |
| Wilson, GS | 1 |
| Purohit, DM | 1 |
| Madden, JD | 2 |
| Pevnick, JS | 1 |
| Minter, R | 1 |
| Murray, GB | 1 |
| Vyas, I | 1 |
| Carney, MW | 1 |
| Rementería, JL | 1 |
| Bhatt, K | 1 |
| Chappel, JN | 1 |
| Zuspan, F | 1 |
| Gumpel, J | 1 |
| Mejia, A | 1 |
| Davis, R | 1 |
| Dysken, MW | 1 |
| Chan, CH | 1 |
| Toone, BK | 1 |
| Fenton, GW | 1 |
| Herzlinger, RA | 1 |
| Vaughan, HG | 1 |
| Mazzi, E | 1 |
| Floyd, JB | 1 |
| Murphy, CM | 1 |
| Petrich, C | 1 |
| Voss, HV | 1 |
| Bretschneider, A | 1 |
| Göbel, U | 1 |
| Vaag, UH | 2 |
| Sardemann, H | 1 |
| Friis-Hansen, B | 1 |
| Connaughton, JF | 1 |
| Kron, RE | 3 |
| Emich, JP | 1 |
| Zelson, C | 2 |
| Ramer, CM | 1 |
| Lodge, A | 1 |
| Litt, M | 2 |
| Haskell, D | 1 |
| Woody, GE | 1 |
| O'Brien, CP | 1 |
| Greenstein, R | 1 |
| Bant, W | 1 |
| Malatinský, J | 1 |
| Procházka, M | 1 |
| Kadlic, T | 1 |
| Tagashira, E | 1 |
| Maletzky, BM | 1 |
| Klotter, J | 1 |
| Eng, D | 1 |
| Phoenix, MD | 1 |
| Blinick, G | 1 |
| Wallach, RC | 1 |
| Jerez, E | 1 |
| Ackerman, BD | 1 |
| Fargeas, MJ | 2 |
| Sullivan, JT | 1 |
| Martinez, JA | 1 |
| Tattersall, ML | 1 |
| Hallstrom, C | 1 |
| Singh, L | 1 |
| Field, MJ | 1 |
| Vass, CA | 1 |
| Hughes, J | 2 |
| Woodruff, GN | 2 |
| Wright, IK | 1 |
| Heaton, M | 1 |
| Upton, N | 1 |
| Marsden, CA | 1 |
| Costall, B | 8 |
| Domeney, AM | 4 |
| Farre, AJ | 1 |
| Kelly, ME | 8 |
| Naylor, RJ | 8 |
| Bailly, D | 1 |
| Servant, D | 1 |
| Blandin, N | 1 |
| Beuscart, R | 1 |
| Parquet, PJ | 1 |
| Lu, MS | 1 |
| Pugh, SL | 1 |
| Boone, MS | 1 |
| Hitchcott, PK | 4 |
| Piepho, R | 1 |
| Whelton, A | 1 |
| Mayor, G | 1 |
| Neu, H | 1 |
| Laddu, A | 1 |
| Lawton, C | 1 |
| Holton, A | 1 |
| Riley, P | 1 |
| Goodwin, FK | 1 |
| Gewiss, M | 1 |
| Heidbreder, C | 1 |
| Opsomer, L | 1 |
| Durbin, P | 1 |
| De Witte, P | 1 |
| Allen, M | 1 |
| Little, HJ | 2 |
| Sheehan, MF | 1 |
| Sheehan, DV | 1 |
| Torres, A | 1 |
| Coppola, A | 1 |
| Francis, E | 1 |
| Dickey, KM | 1 |
| Gerrard, PA | 2 |
| Krähling, H | 1 |
| Tomkins, DM | 2 |
| Williams, TJ | 1 |
| Garcia-Borreguero, D | 1 |
| Bronisch, T | 1 |
| Apelt, S | 2 |
| Yassouridis, A | 1 |
| Emrich, HM | 2 |
| Chugh, Y | 1 |
| Saha, N | 1 |
| Sankaranarayanan, A | 1 |
| Sharma, PL | 1 |
| McElroy, SL | 1 |
| Keck, PE | 1 |
| Lawrence, JM | 1 |
| Mabbutt, PS | 1 |
| Cocores, J | 1 |
| Johnsen, J | 1 |
| Mørland, J | 1 |
| Burrows, GD | 1 |
| Judd, FK | 1 |
| Marriott, PF | 1 |
| Schoch, P | 1 |
| Casey-Houston, S | 1 |
| Noyes, R | 1 |
| Garvey, MJ | 1 |
| Cook, B | 1 |
| Suelzer, M | 1 |
| Neppe, VM | 1 |
| Sindorf, J | 1 |
| Juergens, S | 1 |
| Ansseau, M | 1 |
| Devoitille, JM | 1 |
| Papart, P | 1 |
| Vanbrabant, E | 1 |
| Mantanus, H | 1 |
| Timsit-Berthier, M | 1 |
| Dusci, LJ | 1 |
| Good, SM | 1 |
| Hall, RW | 1 |
| Ilett, KF | 1 |
| Horovitz, ZP | 1 |
| Heinälä, P | 1 |
| Piepponen, T | 1 |
| Heikkinen, H | 1 |
| Scott, RT | 1 |
| Yutrzenka, GJ | 1 |
| Patrick, GA | 1 |
| Rosenberger, W | 1 |
| Koyuncuoğlu, H | 2 |
| Saydam, B | 1 |
| Ashton, CH | 1 |
| Rawlins, MD | 1 |
| Tyrer, SP | 1 |
| Lopez, A | 1 |
| Rebollo, J | 1 |
| Ghaziuddin, N | 1 |
| Ghaziuddin, M | 1 |
| Murray, JB | 1 |
| Sutton, LR | 1 |
| Hinderliter, SA | 1 |
| Culberson, JW | 1 |
| Tang, M | 1 |
| Lau, CE | 1 |
| Falk, JL | 1 |
| Ekwuru, M | 1 |
| Neal, MJ | 1 |
| Marietta, CA | 2 |
| Eckardt, MJ | 2 |
| Zbicz, KL | 1 |
| Weight, FF | 2 |
| Harro, J | 1 |
| Lang, A | 1 |
| Vasar, E | 1 |
| Davidson, TL | 1 |
| Onaivi, ES | 2 |
| Copland, AM | 1 |
| Balfour, DJ | 1 |
| Clemmesen, L | 1 |
| Barry, D | 1 |
| Laursen, SE | 1 |
| Giorgi, O | 2 |
| Corda, MG | 2 |
| Fernandez, A | 2 |
| Fassbender, CP | 1 |
| Clark, WI | 1 |
| Rapport, DJ | 1 |
| Covington, EC | 1 |
| Jones, BJ | 1 |
| Oakley, NR | 1 |
| Tyers, MB | 1 |
| Bone, GH | 1 |
| Majchrowicz, E | 3 |
| Martin, PR | 2 |
| Linnoila, M | 2 |
| Nutt, DJ | 1 |
| Schifano, F | 1 |
| Magni, G | 1 |
| Johnson, C | 1 |
| Bromfield, EB | 1 |
| Dambrosia, J | 1 |
| Devinsky, O | 1 |
| Nice, FJ | 1 |
| Theodore, WH | 1 |
| Rosenberg, HC | 1 |
| Chiu, TH | 1 |
| Suranyi-Cadotte, BE | 1 |
| Nestoros, JN | 1 |
| Nair, NP | 1 |
| Lal, S | 1 |
| Gauthier, S | 1 |
| Lynn, EJ | 1 |
| Zipursky, RB | 1 |
| Baker, RW | 1 |
| Zimmer, B | 1 |
| Murphy, S | 1 |
| Gallaher, EJ | 2 |
| Henauer, SA | 1 |
| Jacques, CJ | 2 |
| Hollister, LE | 2 |
| Kunchandy, J | 2 |
| Barry, JM | 1 |
| Beaudry, P | 1 |
| Beauclair, L | 1 |
| Schneider, LS | 1 |
| Syapin, PJ | 1 |
| Pawluczyk, S | 1 |
| Albeck, JH | 1 |
| Schaffner, R | 1 |
| Burkard, WP | 1 |
| Fonagy, P | 1 |
| Ongini, E | 1 |
| Marzanatti, M | 1 |
| Bamonte, F | 1 |
| Monopoli, A | 1 |
| Guzzon, V | 1 |
| Adinoff, B | 1 |
| Zharkovskiĭ, AM | 2 |
| Zharkovskaia, TA | 2 |
| Nutt, D | 1 |
| Molyneux, S | 1 |
| Weizman, R | 1 |
| Tanne, Z | 1 |
| Granek, M | 1 |
| Karp, L | 1 |
| Golomb, M | 1 |
| Tyano, S | 1 |
| Gavish, M | 1 |
| Foy, A | 2 |
| March, S | 1 |
| Drinkwater, V | 1 |
| Hao, W | 1 |
| Young, D | 1 |
| Wei, H | 1 |
| Feet, PO | 1 |
| Larsen, S | 1 |
| Lillevold, PE | 1 |
| Robak, OH | 1 |
| Cappell, H | 2 |
| Sanchez-Craig, M | 2 |
| Harris, CM | 2 |
| Robinson, NG | 1 |
| Gallager, DW | 1 |
| Heninger, K | 1 |
| Heninger, G | 1 |
| Eison, MS | 1 |
| Kay, G | 1 |
| Idemudia, SO | 2 |
| Mathis, DA | 2 |
| Patel, JB | 1 |
| Rinarelli, CA | 1 |
| Malick, JB | 1 |
| Kales, A | 1 |
| Bixler, EO | 1 |
| Kales, JD | 1 |
| Vela-Bueno, A | 1 |
| Keshavan, MS | 1 |
| Moodley, P | 1 |
| Eales, M | 1 |
| Joyce, E | 1 |
| Yeragani, VK | 1 |
| Bickford-Wimer, PC | 1 |
| de la Garza, R | 1 |
| Egan, M | 1 |
| Freedman, R | 1 |
| Gibert-Rahola, J | 1 |
| Maldonado, R | 1 |
| Micó, JA | 1 |
| Leonsegui, I | 1 |
| Saavedra, MC | 1 |
| Brewer, C | 1 |
| Rezae, H | 1 |
| Bailey, C | 1 |
| Schmauss, C | 1 |
| Hersch, EL | 1 |
| Billings, RF | 1 |
| Kruszewska, A | 1 |
| Koike, Y | 1 |
| Chida, Y | 1 |
| Patterson, WM | 1 |
| Kumar, V | 1 |
| Parale, MP | 1 |
| Kulkarni, GK | 1 |
| Campbell, GA | 1 |
| Glen, I | 1 |
| Skinner, F | 1 |
| Glen, E | 1 |
| MacDonell, L | 1 |
| Boast, CA | 1 |
| Gerhardt, SC | 1 |
| Naruse, T | 1 |
| Asami, T | 1 |
| Ida, Y | 1 |
| Roth, RH | 2 |
| Imamaki, H | 1 |
| Ogawa, K | 1 |
| Bagetta, G | 1 |
| Sakurada, S | 1 |
| Corasaniti, MT | 1 |
| Froio, F | 1 |
| Nisticò, G | 1 |
| Matthews, HP | 1 |
| Drummond, LM | 1 |
| Votolato, NA | 1 |
| Batcha, KJ | 1 |
| Olson, SC | 1 |
| Shukla, VK | 1 |
| Fleming, JA | 1 |
| Rungta, K | 1 |
| Isomura, T | 1 |
| McMillan, MJ | 1 |
| Stockhaus, K | 2 |
| Bechtel, WD | 1 |
| Schwarz-Ottersbach, E | 1 |
| Goldberg, L | 1 |
| Filip, V | 1 |
| Sladká, R | 1 |
| Jarosová, M | 1 |
| Libingerová, E | 1 |
| Bacíková, R | 1 |
| Tůma, I | 1 |
| Novotný, J | 1 |
| Haskovcová, V | 1 |
| Faltus, F | 1 |
| Karen, P | 1 |
| Zaccara, G | 1 |
| Innocenti, P | 1 |
| Bartelli, M | 1 |
| Casini, R | 1 |
| Tozzi, F | 1 |
| Rossi, L | 1 |
| Zappoli, R | 1 |
| Kaneto, H | 3 |
| Kawatani, S | 1 |
| Kaneda, H | 1 |
| Roberts, K | 1 |
| Vass, N | 1 |
| Dolin, SJ | 1 |
| Halsey, MJ | 1 |
| Sener, AI | 1 |
| Ceylan, ME | 1 |
| Antonelli, T | 1 |
| Beani, L | 1 |
| Bianchi, C | 1 |
| Rando, S | 1 |
| Simonato, M | 1 |
| Tanganelli, S | 1 |
| Ritson, B | 1 |
| Chick, J | 1 |
| Roussan, M | 1 |
| Terrence, C | 1 |
| Fromm, G | 1 |
| Calabrese, JR | 1 |
| Gulledge, AD | 1 |
| Grant, SJ | 1 |
| Galloway, MP | 1 |
| Mayor, R | 1 |
| Fenerty, JP | 1 |
| Finkelstein, MF | 1 |
| Redmond, DE | 1 |
| Power, KG | 1 |
| Jerrom, DW | 1 |
| Simpson, RJ | 1 |
| Mitchell, M | 1 |
| Bond, WS | 1 |
| Berwish, NJ | 1 |
| Swift, B | 1 |
| Pruitt, TA | 1 |
| Liskin, B | 1 |
| Roose, SP | 1 |
| Walsh, BT | 1 |
| Jackson, WK | 1 |
| Harrison, ML | 1 |
| Sehmer, JM | 1 |
| Priestley, BL | 1 |
| Whitlock, FA | 1 |
| Price, J | 1 |
| Koch-Weser, J | 1 |
| Browne, TR | 1 |
| Penry, JK | 1 |
| Nerenz, K | 1 |
| Friess, G | 1 |
| Oge, V | 1 |
| Helmus, C | 1 |
| Spahn, JG | 1 |
| Fink, RD | 1 |
| Knott, DH | 1 |
| Beard, JD | 1 |
| Carranza-Acevedo, J | 1 |
| Estrada-Robles, U | 1 |
| Malcolm, MT | 1 |
| Goldstein, DB | 2 |
| Lipsitz, PJ | 1 |
| Blatman, S | 1 |
| Kamei, C | 1 |
| Shimomura, K | 1 |
| Ueki, S | 1 |
| Barth, L | 1 |
| De Buck, R | 1 |
| Mader, R | 1 |
| Hargrave, MA | 1 |
| Koida, M | 2 |
| Tsuchie, F | 2 |
| Kersh, ES | 1 |
| Schwartz, LK | 1 |
| Miyagawa, H | 1 |
| Gartner, LM | 1 |
| Nichols, MM | 1 |
| Glass, L | 1 |
| Hill, RM | 1 |
| Verniaud, WM | 1 |
| Horning, MG | 1 |
| McCulley, LB | 1 |
| Morgan, NF | 1 |
| Rothstein, P | 1 |
| Gould, JB | 1 |
| Heyden, S | 1 |
| Wild, R | 1 |
| Escher, M | 1 |
| Bruderer, E | 1 |
| Metzler, B | 1 |
| Litt, IF | 4 |
| Colli, AS | 1 |
| Cohen, MI | 2 |
| Carlsson, C | 1 |
| Johansson, T | 1 |
| Nicol, CF | 1 |
| Tutton, JC | 1 |
| Smith, BH | 1 |
| Rosen, M | 1 |
| Learoyd, BM | 1 |
| Schiff, D | 1 |
| Chan, G | 1 |
| Stern, L | 1 |
| Ganapathy, S | 1 |
| Nathenson, G | 3 |
| Golden, GS | 2 |
| Funk, F | 1 |
| McNamara, H | 1 |
| Jäättelä, A | 1 |
| Männistö, P | 1 |
| Paatero, H | 1 |
| Tuomisto, J | 1 |
| Gessner, PK | 1 |
| Relkin, R | 1 |
| Edgley, R | 1 |
| Smith, DE | 1 |
| Wesson, DR | 1 |
| Haider, W | 1 |
| Tschakaloff, C | 1 |
| Hofman, G | 1 |
| Kryspin-Exner, K | 2 |
| Peters, UH | 1 |
| Seidel, M | 1 |
| Jorgensen, F | 1 |
| Ulff-Moller, B | 1 |
| Adamson, DH | 1 |
| Ideström, CM | 1 |
| Holmberg, G | 1 |
| Czerwenka-Wenkstetten, H | 1 |
| Hofmann, G | 1 |
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment Of Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome: Dexmedetomidine Vs Diazepam In A Hospital O'horán[NCT03877120] | Phase 4 | 2 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2017-11-01 | Completed | ||
| A Double-blind Randomised Controlled Clinical Trial of Lofexidine Versus Diazepam in the Management of the Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome During Inpatient Detoxification in Singapore[NCT01675648] | Phase 4 | 112 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2012-08-31 | Completed | ||
| Phenobarbital Versus Ativan for Refractory Alcohol Withdrawal Treatment in the Intensive Care Unit[NCT04156464] | Phase 4 | 142 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2020-07-06 | Recruiting | ||
| Efficacy and Safety of Levetiracetam in the Inpatient Treatment of Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome [Sicherheit Und Wirksamkeit Von Levetiracetam (Keppra) für Die Behandlung Des stationären Alkoholentzugsyndroms][NCT00146471] | Phase 3 | 120 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2006-01-31 | Completed | ||
| Implementation Strategies Aimed at a Simple Patient-directed Intervention to Reduce Long-term Use of Benzodiazepines in Dutch Community Pharmacies[NCT00268775] | 20,000 participants | Interventional | 2005-11-30 | Completed | |||
| Randomized Controlled Trials to Evaluate Health enSuite Insomnia: an App Based Treatment for Adult Chronic Insomnia[NCT04962087] | 830 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2022-06-29 | Not yet recruiting | |||
| A Pilot Study on the Biobehavioral Mechanisms of Baclofen and Alcohol Drinking[NCT01076283] | Phase 2 | 14 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2009-12-31 | Completed | ||
| A Pilot Randomized Comparative Effectiveness Clinical Trial of Buprenorphine vs. Methadone for the Treatment of Opioid Dependence in Pregnancy.[NCT03098407] | 55 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2017-04-20 | Completed | |||
| Assessing the Effects of Auricular Acupressure on Newborn Behaviors and Withdrawal Signs in Newborns With Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome: A Pilot Study[NCT03890562] | 12 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2019-09-04 | Completed | |||
| Baclofen in Chronic Pelvic Pain, a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled Trial[NCT05968937] | Phase 2 | 44 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2024-01-01 | Not yet recruiting | ||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
"Whether baclofen, as compared to active placebo, results in lower quantity of alcohol consumed during the Alcohol Self-Administration (ASA).~Consistent with O'Malley et al. 2002, the ASA paradigm allows to use a fixed-dose (the priming drink), followed by a 2-hour free-choice phase when subjects may choose to drink or not up to 8 mini-drinks. Participants receive a monetary compensation of $3 dollars per each mini-drink not consumed; therefore the amount of minidrinks consumed during the 2-hour sessions ranges 0-8, and the monetary compensation ranges $0-24. The quantity of alcohol consumed during the free-choice session is expressed as standard drinking unit, where a standard drink unit contains about 14 grams of pure alcohol (about 0.6 fluid ounces or 1.2 tablespoons)." (NCT01076283)
Timeframe: approximately 8 days after drug administration
| Intervention | standard drinking units (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Baclofen | 0.17 |
| Cyproheptadine | 1.43 |
"Whether baclofen, as compared to active placebo, results in diminished cue-reactivity responses to alcohol cues in terms of urge to drink [as measured by the Alcohol Urge Questionnaire (AUQ)] during the Cue Reactivity.~The Alcohol Urge Questionnaire (AUQ) consists of eight statements about the respondent's feelings and thoughts about drinking as they are completing the questionnaire (i.e., right now). The respondent is asked to respond to each statement about alcohol craving via a 7-item Likert scale ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree. Each item is scored on a 1 to 7 scale (Strongly Disagree = 1 and Strongly Agree = 7). Items 2 and 7 are reverse scored. A total score is computed by summing the item scores and ranges from 8 (lowest craving value) to 56 (highest craving value). Higher scores reflect greater craving (i.e. worse outcome)." (NCT01076283)
Timeframe: approximately 8 days after drug administration
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Baclofen | 22.5 |
| Cyproheptadine | 19.4 |
34 reviews available for diazepam and Drug Withdrawal Symptoms
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Comparative efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapies for alcohol withdrawal: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Alcoholism; Benzodiazepines; Carbamazepine; Diazepam; Female; Hu | 2022 |
New approach for detoxification of patients dependent on benzodiazepines and Z-drugs for reduction of psychogenic complications.
Topics: Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Drug Administration Schedule; Humans; Inactivation, Metabolic; Substance | 2019 |
[Assessment and Treatment of Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome].
Topics: Alcoholism; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Psychotherapy; Severity of I | 2020 |
Treatment of Benzodiazepine Dependence.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Diagnosis, Differential; Diazepam; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedat | 2017 |
Baclofen for alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Alcohol-Induced Disorders; Baclofen; Chlordiazepoxide; Diazepam; Ethanol; GABA Agonists; Humans; Ran | 2017 |
Baclofen for alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Alcohol-Induced Disorders; Baclofen; Diazepam; Ethanol; GABA Agonists; Humans; Randomized Controlled | 2013 |
Baclofen for alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Alcohol-Induced Disorders; Baclofen; Diazepam; Ethanol; GABA Agonists; Humans; Randomized Controlled | 2015 |
Unintentional rapid opioid detoxification: case report.
Topics: Adult; Consciousness Disorders; Critical Care; Diazepam; Drug Interactions; Emergency Service, Hospi | 2009 |
GABAA receptors and benzodiazepines: a role for dendritic resident subunit mRNAs.
Topics: Allosteric Regulation; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Binding, Competitive; Chloride Channels; Dendrites; | 2002 |
[Benzodiazepine withdrawal in subjects on opiate substitution treatment].
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Methadone; Narcotics; Substan | 2006 |
Managing alcohol withdrawal in hospitalized patients.
Topics: Alcohol-Induced Disorders; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Hospitalization; Humans; | 2007 |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome: a literature review and evaluation.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Chlordiazepoxide; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Lorazepam | 1982 |
The use of benzodiazepines in clinical practice.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Chlordiazepoxide; Clorazepate Dipotassium; Diazepam; Humans; Kinetics; Lorazepa | 1981 |
Drug therapy. Current status of benzodiazepines.
Topics: Alcoholic Beverages; Alcoholism; Anesthetics; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Benzodiazepines; Bone Di | 1983 |
Benzodiazepine dependence.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepines; Chlordiazepoxide; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relation | 1981 |
Alcohol withdrawal: what is the benzodiazepine of choice?
Topics: Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Benzodiazepines; Chlordiazepoxide; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diazepam; | 1994 |
Withdrawal strategies for outpatients. Alcohol, benzodiazepine, barbiturate, and opiate addictions.
Topics: Affect; Alcoholism; Ambulatory Care; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Defense Mechanisms; Diazepam; Humans; Hypn | 1996 |
Benzodiazepines and exposure-based cognitive behavior therapies for panic disorder: conclusions from combined treatment trials.
Topics: Agoraphobia; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combi | 1997 |
Delirium tremens and related clinical states. Aetiology, pathophysiology and treatment.
Topics: Adrenal Insufficiency; Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Avitaminosis; Bar | 1979 |
The neonatal narcotic withdrawal syndrome: a therapeutic challenge.
Topics: Barbiturates; Chlorpromazine; Diazepam; Humans; Infant Care; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Disea | 1975 |
Selection among benzodiazepines for alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Benzodiazepines; Central Nervous System; Chlordiazepoxide; Clorazepate Dipotas | 1977 |
The benzodiazepines: anxiolytic and withdrawal effects.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Carbolines; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanol; Flumaz | 1991 |
Short-acting versus long-acting benzodiazepines: discontinuation effects in panic disorders.
Topics: Alprazolam; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety Disorders; Diazepam; Drug Administration Schedule; Humans; | 1990 |
Alprazolam and diazepam: addiction potential.
Topics: Alprazolam; Diazepam; Humans; Risk Factors; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorde | 1991 |
Diazepam (Valium): its dependency liability.
Topics: Arousal; Diazepam; Drug Tolerance; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorder | 1990 |
Time course for development of benzodiazepine tolerance and physical dependence.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepinones; Diazepam; Drug Tolerance; Flumazenil; Flurazepam; H | 1985 |
Withdrawal and detoxification from benzodiazepine dependence: a potential role for clonazepam.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alprazolam; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Clonazepam; Diazepam; Drug Tolerance; Huma | 1987 |
The management of alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Alcoholism; Benzodiazepines; Chlormethiazole; Diazepam; Ethanol; Humans; Nursing Care; Reality Thera | 1986 |
The role of essential fatty acids in alcohol dependence and tissue damage.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Alcoholism; Brain; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cognition; Diazepam; Double-Blind M | 1987 |
The neonatal narcotic abstinence syndrome: a brief review.
Topics: Chlorpromazine; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Methadone; Narcotics; Opium; Phenobarbita | 1985 |
Drug therapy. Benzodiazepines (second of two parts).
Topics: Affective Symptoms; Alcoholism; Analgesia; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Obstetrical; Anti-Anxiet | 1974 |
Use of beta-adrenergic receptor blocking drugs in psychiatry.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Alcoholism; Anxiety; Chlordiazepoxide; Di | 1974 |
Benzodiazepines in the treatment of epilepsy. A review.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Chlordiazepoxide; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Eclampsia; Elec | 1973 |
Drug use in outpatient treatment.
Topics: Anxiety; Barbiturates; Chlordiazepoxide; Depression; Diazepam; Educational Status; Humans; Meprobama | 1968 |
81 trials available for diazepam and Drug Withdrawal Symptoms
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Discontinuation of chronic benzodiazepine use in primary care: a nonrandomized intervention.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Female; | 2022 |
A double-blind randomised crossover trial of low-dose flumazenil for benzodiazepine withdrawal: A proof of concept.
Topics: Benzodiazepines; Cross-Over Studies; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Flumazenil; GABA-A Receptor Anta | 2022 |
Outcomes of patients treated with low-dose flumazenil for benzodiazepine detoxification: A description of 26 participants.
Topics: Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Flumazenil; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2022 |
A Placebo-Controlled Randomized Trial of Vigabatrin in the Management of Acute Alcohol Withdrawal.
Topics: Alcoholism; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; V | 2023 |
Baclofen during alcohol detoxification reduces the need for additional diazepam: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.
Topics: Alcoholism; Baclofen; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Single-Blind Method; S | 2023 |
Efficacy of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation combined with diazepam for acute alcohol withdrawal syndrome: A double-blind randomized sham-controlled trial.
Topics: Acupuncture Points; Adult; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Ethanol; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Substa | 2020 |
The hemodynamic effects of diazepam versus dexmedetomidine in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome: A randomized clinical trial.
Topics: Alcoholism; Dexmedetomidine; Diazepam; Hemodynamics; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Intensive Care | 2021 |
Lofexidine versus diazepam for the treatment of opioid withdrawal syndrome: A double-blind randomized clinical trial in Singapore.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adult; Clonidine; Craving; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Fema | 2018 |
Predictors of resistant alcohol withdrawal (RAW): A retrospective case-control study.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Benzodiazepines; Case-Control Studies; Cohort Studies; Diazepam; Drug Resis | 2018 |
Role of CYP2C19 gene polymorphism in acute alcohol withdrawal treatment with loading dose of diazepam in a South Indian population.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; Diazepam; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Polymorphism, Gene | 2016 |
A randomized, open-label, standard controlled, parallel group study of efficacy and safety of baclofen, and chlordiazepoxide in uncomplicated alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Baclofen; Chlordiazepoxide; Diazepam; Humans; Lorazepam; Male; Middle Aged; | 2016 |
Zonisamide versus diazepam in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethanol; Female; Hum | 2010 |
Levetiracetam for the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome: a multicenter, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Levetiracetam; Ma | 2010 |
Tapering off long-term benzodiazepine use with or without group cognitive-behavioural therapy: three-condition, randomised controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Analysis of Variance; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Attitude of Health Personnel; Cognitive Behavioral | 2003 |
Tapering off long-term benzodiazepine use with or without group cognitive-behavioural therapy: three-condition, randomised controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Analysis of Variance; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Attitude of Health Personnel; Cognitive Behavioral | 2003 |
Tapering off long-term benzodiazepine use with or without group cognitive-behavioural therapy: three-condition, randomised controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Analysis of Variance; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Attitude of Health Personnel; Cognitive Behavioral | 2003 |
Tapering off long-term benzodiazepine use with or without group cognitive-behavioural therapy: three-condition, randomised controlled trial.
Topics: Aged; Analysis of Variance; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Attitude of Health Personnel; Cognitive Behavioral | 2003 |
In-patient benzodiazepine withdrawal: comparison of fixed and symptom-triggered taper methods.
Topics: Adult; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Female; Follow-Up Studies; GABA Modulators; Humans; Male; Outcome | 2003 |
Transdermal nicotine increases heart rate after endotracheal intubation.
Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Administration, Cutaneous; Adult; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Intraveno | 2003 |
Intrathecal and oral clonidine as prophylaxis for postoperative alcohol withdrawal syndrome: a randomized double-blinded study.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Aged; Alcoholism; Anesthesia; Central Nervous Syste | 2004 |
Impaired hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system is related to severity of benzodiazepine withdrawal in patients with depression.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antidepressive Agents; Benzodiazepines; | 2004 |
Enlarged double-blind randomised trial of benzodiazepines against psychotropic analgesic nitrous oxide for alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration S | 2004 |
Flumazenil-precipitated withdrawal in healthy volunteers following repeated diazepam exposure.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Blood Pressure; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Admini | 2005 |
Baclofen in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome: a comparative study vs diazepam.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Baclofen; Diazepam; Ethanol; Female; GABA Agonists; Humans; Male; | 2006 |
Predictors of long-term benzodiazepine abstinence in participants of a randomized controlled benzodiazepine withdrawal program.
Topics: Aged; Alcohol Drinking; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Combined | 2006 |
Antiglutamatergic strategies for ethanol detoxification: comparison with placebo and diazepam.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Arousal; Autonomic Nervous System; Depression; Diazepam; Excitatory Amino Acid An | 2007 |
Comparison of buprenorphine and methadone in the treatment of opiate withdrawal: possible advantages of buprenorphine for the treatment of opiate-benzodiazepine codependent patients?
Topics: Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Buprenorphine; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Male; Methadon | 2007 |
Comparison of intravenous ethanol versus diazepam for alcohol withdrawal prophylaxis in the trauma ICU: results of a randomized trial.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Central Nervous System Depressants; Diazepam; Emergency Service, Hospital; Ethano | 2008 |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms and propranolol.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Diazepam; Humans; Lorazepam; Placebos; Propranolol; Substance Withdrawal Syndro | 1981 |
A therapeutic and discontinuation study of clobazam and diazepam in anxiety neurosis.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety Disorders; Benzodiazepines; Benzodiazepinones; Clinical Trials a | 1982 |
Gradual withdrawal of diazepam after long-term therapy.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Middle A | 1983 |
New concepts in benzodiazepine therapy: rebound anxiety and new indications for the more potent benzodiazepines.
Topics: Alprazolam; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety Disorders; Benzodiazepines; Bipolar Disorder; Bromazepam; C | 1983 |
Effect of patient recognition of tranquilizers on their use in alcohol detoxification.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Diazepam; Humans; Hydroxyzine; Male; Middle A | 1984 |
Bromazepam and diazepam in generalized anxiety: a placebo-controlled study of efficacy and withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety Disorders; Bromazepam; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diazepam; Doubl | 1984 |
Rebound anxiety in anxious patients after abrupt withdrawal of benzodiazepine treatment.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety Disorders; Bromazepam; Clinical Trials as Topic; | 1984 |
Withdrawal symptoms after six weeks' treatment with diazepam.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Buspirone; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Pyr | 1984 |
Comparative study with Grandaxin and diazepam in alcohol withdrawal syndrome and gerontopsychiatric diseases.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dementia; Diazepam; Ethanol; F | 1983 |
Long-term diazepam therapy and clinical outcome.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety Disorders; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; | 1983 |
Withdrawal responses to abrupt discontinuation of desmethyldiazepam.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Anxiety Disorders; Clinical Trials as Topic; Depression; Diazepam; Feeding and | 1984 |
Withdrawal reaction from long-term, low-dosage administration of diazepam. A double-blind, placebo-controlled case study.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Male; Norda | 1980 |
Double-blind comparison of alprazolam and diazepam for subchronic withdrawal from alcohol.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Alprazolam; Anxiety Disorders; Benzodiazepines; Clinical Trials | 1981 |
Sedative-hypnotic tolerance testing and withdrawal comparing diazepam to barbiturates.
Topics: Adult; Barbiturates; Diazepam; Drug Tolerance; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Substance Withdraw | 1981 |
The utility of diazepam loading in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal among psychiatric inpatients.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Animals; Cats; Diazepam; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Inp | 1995 |
Differential acute psychomotor and cognitive effects of diazepam on long-term benzodiazepine users.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety Disorders; Cognition; Depressive Disorder; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug | 1994 |
Loading dose diazepam therapy for alcohol withdrawal state.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Diazepam; Drug Administration Schedule; Ethanol; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Subst | 1993 |
Changes in "withdrawal symptoms" following discontinuation of low-dose diazepam.
Topics: Adult; Agoraphobia; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety Disorders; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Female; H | 1996 |
[The efficacy and mechanisms of action of lerivon in alcoholism].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alcohol Deterrents; Alcoholism; Amitriptyline; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antidepressiv | 1996 |
A double-blind comparison of abecarnil and diazepam in the treatment of uncomplicated alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Carbolines; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Male; Mid | 1997 |
Gepirone and diazepam in generalized anxiety disorder: a placebo-controlled trial.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Psychiatric Status Ratin | 1997 |
Prior benzodiazepine exposure and benzodiazepine treatment outcome.
Topics: Alprazolam; Anxiety Disorders; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-B | 2000 |
Chronic benzodiazepine use in general practice patients with depression: an evaluation of controlled treatment and taper-off: report on behalf of the Dutch Chronic Benzodiazepine Working Group.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; Depre | 2001 |
Randomized double-blind trial of psychotropic analgesic nitrous oxide compared with diazepam for alcohol withdrawal state.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Diazep | 2002 |
Clorazepate dipotassium (Tranxene): a controlled evaluation in alcoholic patients after withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clorazepate Dipotassium; | 1976 |
Review of clinical studies on clobazam.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Child; Clinical Trials as Topic; | 1979 |
Barbital and diazepam plasma levels during treatment of delirium tremens.
Topics: Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Barbital; Barbiturates; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diazepam; Double-Blin | 1979 |
Effects of beta-blocking drugs in alcohol withdrawal: a double-blind comparative study with propranolol and diazepam.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Anxiety Disorders; Diazepam; Double-Blind | 1992 |
A double-blind comparison of the effects of gradual withdrawal of lorazepam, diazepam and bromazepam in benzodiazepine dependence.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Bromazepam; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Met | 1991 |
Short-acting versus long-acting benzodiazepines: discontinuation effects in panic disorders.
Topics: Alprazolam; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety Disorders; Diazepam; Drug Administration Schedule; Humans; | 1990 |
Controlled discontinuation of benzodiazepine treatment for patients with panic disorder.
Topics: Adult; Alprazolam; Anxiety Disorders; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Female; Half-Life; Humans; Male | 1991 |
Carbamazepine treatment in patients discontinuing long-term benzodiazepine therapy. Effects on withdrawal severity and outcome.
Topics: Benzodiazepines; Carbamazepine; Depressive Disorder; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; | 1991 |
Comparison of adinazolam, amitriptyline, and diazepam in endogenous depressive inpatients exhibiting DST nonsuppression or abnormal contingent negative variation.
Topics: Adult; Amitriptyline; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antidepressive Agents; Benzodiazepines; Depression; Dexam | 1991 |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal.
Topics: Buspirone; Diazepam; Humans; Patient Education as Topic; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1990 |
The treatment of heroin addicts with dextromethorphan: a double-blind comparison of dextromethorphan with chlorpromazine.
Topics: Adult; Chlorpromazine; Dextromethorphan; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Female; Heroin Dependence; H | 1990 |
Long-term therapeutic use of benzodiazepines. I. Effects of abrupt discontinuation.
Topics: Ambulatory Care; Anxiety Disorders; Benzodiazepines; Dependent Personality Disorder; Depressive Diso | 1990 |
A double-blind placebo-controlled study of buspirone in diazepam withdrawal in chronic benzodiazepine users.
Topics: Adult; Buspirone; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Follow-Up Stu | 1990 |
Comparative assessment of efficacy and withdrawal symptoms after 6 and 12 weeks' treatment with diazepam or buspirone.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anxiety Disorders; Buspirone; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diazepam; Double-Blind Me | 1989 |
Comparison of withdrawal of buspirone and diazepam: a placebo controlled study.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety Disorders; Buspirone; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Age | 1987 |
Effect of clonidine on cigarette cessation and in the alleviation of withdrawal symptoms.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Behavior Therapy; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; C | 1988 |
Withdrawal reactions to diazepam in combined imipramine/diazepam treatment of primary nonagitated depressed outpatients.
Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Depressive Disorder; Desipramine; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Drug Ther | 1988 |
Withdrawal reaction after long-term therapeutic use of benzodiazepines.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anxiety; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Female; Flurazepam | 1986 |
Drug deprivation and reinforcement by diazepam in a dependent population.
Topics: Adult; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Reinforcement, Psychology; Self Administration; | 1987 |
Diazepam: effects on sleep and withdrawal phenomena.
Topics: Adult; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Sleep; Sleep Stages; Substance Withdrawal Syndro | 1988 |
The role of essential fatty acids in alcohol dependence and tissue damage.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Alcoholism; Brain; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cognition; Diazepam; Double-Blind M | 1987 |
Activation levels, EEG, and behavioural responses.
Topics: Adult; Arousal; Attention; Diazepam; Electroencephalography; Ethanol; Humans; Male; Neuropsychologic | 1986 |
Comparison of the suppressive effects of L-aspartic acid and chlorpromazine + diazepam treatments on opiate abstinence syndrome signs in men.
Topics: Aspartic Acid; Chlorpromazine; Diazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Male; Opioid-Related Dis | 1986 |
Comparison of two benzodiazepines in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal: effects on symptoms and cognitive recovery.
Topics: Adult; Cognition; Diazepam; Ethanol; Female; Humans; Lorazepam; Male; Middle Aged; Psychological Tes | 1986 |
Indications and contraindications for chronic anxiolytic treatment: is there tolerance to the anxiolytic effect?
Topics: Anxiety; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clorazepate Dipotassium; Diazepam; Double-Blind | 1985 |
Baclofen versus diazepam for the treatment of spasticity and long-term follow-up of baclofen therapy.
Topics: Adult; Baclofen; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Female; Follow-Up Studies; | 1985 |
Controlled study of withdrawal symptoms and rebound anxiety after six week course of diazepam for generalised anxiety.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Psych | 1985 |
Clinical experience with lorazepam in the treatment of neurotic patients.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety Disorders; Asthenia; Benzodiazepinones; Chlorobenzenes; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dia | 1973 |
Diazepam in the management of heroin withdrawal in adolescents: preliminary report.
Topics: Adolescent; Animals; Chloral Hydrate; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diazepam; Heroin; Humans; Isonipecot | 1971 |
Treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndromes.
Topics: Chloral Hydrate; Chlordiazepoxide; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diazepam; Drug Synergism; Ethanol; Huma | 1971 |
The psychological effects of propranolol in the abstinence phase of chronic alcoholics.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Anxiety; Chlormethiazole; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diazepam; Hu | 1971 |
The effects of diazepam or diphenhydramine on healthy human subjects.
Topics: Adult; Behavior; Depression; Depression, Chemical; Diazepam; Diphenhydramine; Euphoria; Female; Huma | 1971 |
535 other studies available for diazepam and Drug Withdrawal Symptoms
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Delayed crises following benzodiazepine withdrawal: deficient adaptive mechanisms or simple pharmacokinetics? Detoxification assisted by serum-benzodiazepine elimination tracking.
Topics: Age Factors; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Male; Sex | 2022 |
Outcomes of Minnesota Detoxification Scale (MINDS) Assessment With High-Dose Front Loading Diazepam Treatment for Alcohol Withdrawal in Hospitalized Patients.
Topics: Alcoholism; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Ethanol; Humans; Minnesota; Retrospective Studies; Substance | 2022 |
Neuroprotective role of a monoterpene (thymol) on diazepam induced withdrawal symptoms in rats.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Diazepam; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Wi | 2021 |
Effects of CYP2C19*17 genetic polymorphisms on plasma and saliva concentrations of diazepam in patients with alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Alcoholism; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; Diazepam; Humans; Male; Polymorphism, Genetic; Saliva; Substan | 2022 |
Topics: Alcoholism; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; Diazepam; Genotype; Humans; Male; Polymorphism, Genetic; Substan | 2023 |
[Acute benzodiazepine withdrawal delirium].
Topics: Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Benzodiazepines; Delirium; Diazepam; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Oxazepa | 2022 |
Anxiety-like Behavior and GABAAR/BDZ Binding Site Response to Progesterone Withdrawal in a Stress-Vulnerable Strain, the Wistar Kyoto Rats.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Binding Sites; Corticosterone; Diazepam; Female; Flunitrazepam; | 2022 |
Selank, a Peptide Analog of Tuftsin, Attenuates Aversive Signs of Morphine Withdrawal in Rats.
Topics: Animals; Diazepam; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Rats; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tuf | 2022 |
Inpatient GHB withdrawal management in an inner-city hospital in Sydney, Australia: a retrospective medical record review.
Topics: 4-Butyrolactone; Baclofen; Delirium; Diazepam; Female; Hospitals, Urban; Humans; Inpatients; Male; M | 2023 |
Inpatient GHB withdrawal management in an inner-city hospital in Sydney, Australia: a retrospective medical record review.
Topics: 4-Butyrolactone; Baclofen; Delirium; Diazepam; Female; Hospitals, Urban; Humans; Inpatients; Male; M | 2023 |
Inpatient GHB withdrawal management in an inner-city hospital in Sydney, Australia: a retrospective medical record review.
Topics: 4-Butyrolactone; Baclofen; Delirium; Diazepam; Female; Hospitals, Urban; Humans; Inpatients; Male; M | 2023 |
Inpatient GHB withdrawal management in an inner-city hospital in Sydney, Australia: a retrospective medical record review.
Topics: 4-Butyrolactone; Baclofen; Delirium; Diazepam; Female; Hospitals, Urban; Humans; Inpatients; Male; M | 2023 |
Management of high-dose intrathecal baclofen pump explant: A case report.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Baclofen; Chronic Pain; Diazepam; Humans; Infusion Pumps, Implantable | 2023 |
Inhibitory and excitatory synaptic neuroadaptations in the diazepam tolerant brain.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Brain; Diazepam; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Mice; Receptors, GAB | 2023 |
How do CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*17 genetic polymorphisms affect the efficacy and safety of diazepam in patients with alcohol withdrawal syndrome?
Topics: Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Genotype; Humans; Male; Middle | 2020 |
Lorazepam Versus Diazepam in the Management of Emergency Department Patients With Alcohol Withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Benzodiazepines; Canada; Diazepam; Emergency Service, Hospital; Female; Hospitali | 2020 |
Drug withdrawal along with bridge therapy with methylprednisolone and/or diazepam for treatment of medication overuse headache: a preliminary report from the WASH-OUT study.
Topics: Analgesics; Diazepam; Headache; Headache Disorders, Secondary; Humans; Methylprednisolone; Pharmaceu | 2020 |
Severe Benzodiazepine Use Disorder in a 16-Year-Old Adolescent: A Rapid and Safe Inpatient Taper.
Topics: Adolescent; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; GABA Modulators; Hospitaliz | 2021 |
Using the CYP3A Activity Evaluation to Predict the Efficacy and Safety of Diazepam in Patients With Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome.
Topics: Alcoholism; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; Diazepam; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; | 2022 |
Comparison of Clomethiazole and Diazepam in the Treatment of Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome in Clinical Practice.
Topics: Alcoholism; Chlormethiazole; Diazepam; Female; Germany; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Stu | 2017 |
NMDA Receptors and NO:cGMP Signaling Pathway Mediate the Diazepam-Induced Sensitization to Withdrawal Signs in Mice.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepines; Cyclic GMP; Diazepam; Male; Mice; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Ox | 2018 |
Progressive modulation of accumbal neurotransmission and anxiety-like behavior following protracted nicotine withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Corpus Striatum; Dendritic Spines; Diazepam; Disease Models, | 2018 |
An observational study of benzodiazepine prescription during inpatient alcohol detoxification for patients with vs. without chronic pretreatment with high-dosage baclofen.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Baclofen; Diazepam; Female; GABA Modulato | 2018 |
"Diazepam loading": ¿Can a strategy for preventing alcohol withdrawal be used to treat benzodiazepine use disorder?
Topics: Alcoholism; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Substance W | 2018 |
Assessing Propylene Glycol Toxicity in Alcohol Withdrawal Patients Receiving Intravenous Benzodiazepines: A One-Compartment Pharmacokinetic Model.
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Alcoholism; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Injections, | 2018 |
Minocycline in Alcohol Withdrawal Induced Anxiety and Alcohol Relapse in Rats.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anxiety; Diazepam; Disease Models, Ani | 2018 |
Assessment of the Availability, Cost, and Motivations for Use over Time of the New Psychoactive Substances-Benzodiazepines Diclazepam, Flubromazepam, and Pyrazolam-in the UK.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Designer Drugs; Diazepam; D | 2018 |
Repeated diazepam administration reversed working memory impairments and glucocorticoid alterations in the prefrontal cortex after short but not long alcohol-withdrawal periods.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Anxiety; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Bindin | 2018 |
Diazepam reverses increased anxiety-like behavior, social behavior deficit, and dopamine dysregulation following withdrawal from acute amphetamine.
Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Diazepam; Dop | 2018 |
Considerations for the use of a loading dose of diazepam for the treatment of benzodiazepine dependence.
Topics: Alcoholism; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Diso | 2018 |
Evaluation of IV to Enteral Benzodiazepine Conversion Calculations in a Pediatric Intensive Care Setting.
Topics: Airway Extubation; Child, Preschool; Diazepam; Drug Dosage Calculations; Drug Substitution; Female; | 2018 |
Etizolam withdrawal catatonia: The first case report.
Topics: Adult; Catatonia; Diazepam; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Humans; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; | 2018 |
Delirium tremens in an AUD patient after an intrathecal baclofen pump induced total alcohol abstinence.
Topics: Alcohol Abstinence; Alcohol Drinking; Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Alcoholism; Baclofen; Diazepam; H | 2018 |
Effect of early and focused benzodiazepine therapy on length of stay in severe alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Academic Medical Centers; Adult; Alcoholism; Benzodiazepines; Cohort Studies; Diazepam; Female; Huma | 2019 |
Difficult to sedate case of acute behavioural disturbance secondary to baclofen withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Baclofen; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Droperidol; Humans; Male; Problem | 2019 |
Complicated Withdrawal Phenomena During Benzodiazepine Cessation in Older Adults.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Benzodiazepines; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Lo | 2019 |
Alleviation of diazepam-induced conditioned place preference and its withdrawal-associated neurobehavioral deficits following pre-exposure to enriched environment in rats.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Diazepam; Environment; Locomotion; Male; Maze Learning; Rats; Rats, | 2019 |
Cognitive interference as a possible therapeutic strategy to prevent expression of benzodiazepine withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Diazepam; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Hippocampus; Inhibition, | 2019 |
The associations between self-consciousness, depressive state and craving to drink among alcohol dependent patients undergoing protracted withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Depression; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Male | 2013 |
Prior antipsychotic drug treatment prevents response to novel antipsychotic agent in the methylazoxymethanol acetate model of schizophrenia.
Topics: Allosteric Regulation; Amphetamine; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Behavior, Animal; Diazepam; Disea | 2014 |
The effects of repeated zolpidem treatment on tolerance, withdrawal-like symptoms, and GABAA receptor mRNAs profile expression in mice: comparison with diazepam.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Brain; Diazepam; Drug Tolerance; Exploratory Behavior; GABA Modulators; GABA-A Rec | 2014 |
A heuristic model of alcohol dependence.
Topics: Alcoholism; Diazepam; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Models, Biological; Models, Ps | 2014 |
Duration of treatment and activation of α1-containing GABAA receptors variably affect the level of anxiety and seizure susceptibility after diazepam withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Diazepam; GABA-A Receptor Agonists; Male; Motor Activity; Protein Subunits; Rats; | 2014 |
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response to oral naltrexone in alcoholics during early withdrawal.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Diazepam; Ethanol; Humans; Hydrocortisone; | 2014 |
Effects of chronic mild stress on the development of drug dependence in rats.
Topics: Animals; Chronic Disease; Citalopram; Depressive Disorder; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Flumaze | 2014 |
[Assessment of afobazole effects on diazepam withdrawal-induced anxiety in rats].
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety Disorders; Behavior, Animal; Benzimidazoles; Brain; Brain Chem | 2014 |
Attenuation of alcohol withdrawal syndrome and blood cortisol level with forced exercise in comparison with diazepam.
Topics: Alcohol-Induced Disorders; Alcoholism; Animals; Diazepam; Ethanol; Hydrocortisone; Male; Mice; Physi | 2015 |
Management of benzodiazepine-resistant alcohol withdrawal across a healthcare system: Benzodiazepine dose-escalation with or without propofol.
Topics: Adult; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Drug Resistance; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ethanol; Female; Human | 2015 |
[Remote consequences of the long-term uncontrollable consumption of anxiolytics and hypnotics in elderly: a problem of drug dependence].
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Hypnotics a | 2015 |
Attitudes towards a maintenance (-agonist) treatment approach in high-dose benzodiazepine-dependent patients: a qualitative study.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Attitude; Benzodiazepines; Crime; Delayed-Action Preparations; Diazepam; Female; Humans | 2016 |
Something old, something new: a successful case of meprobamate withdrawal.
Topics: Aged; Anxiety Disorders; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Inpatients; Male; Mepro | 2016 |
[Comparison of Two Symptom-Triggered Treatments for Alcohol Withdrawal: HAES vs. SAB-P].
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Alcoholism; Central Nervous System Depressants; Chlormethi | 2016 |
Prenatal stress alters diazepam withdrawal syndrome and 5HT1A receptor expression in the raphe nuclei of adult rats.
Topics: Animals; Diazepam; Electroshock; Female; GABA Modulators; Male; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed | 2016 |
Challenges in a large mixed drug overdose patient.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Body Temperature Regulation; Critical Care; Delirium; Diazepam; Drug Overdos | 2016 |
Recognition of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid withdrawal: Rapid progression and prolonged symptomatology.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Australia; Baclofen; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Humans; Hydroxybutyrat | 2017 |
Topiramate reduces basal anxiety and relieves ethanol withdrawal-induced anxious behaviors in male rats.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Behavior, Animal; Diazepam; Disease Models | 2017 |
Glutamate receptor antagonism in inferior colliculus attenuates elevated startle response of high anxiety diazepam-withdrawn rats.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Diazepam; Evoked Potentials, Auditory; | 2009 |
The anxiolytic etifoxine protects against convulsant and anxiogenic aspects of the alcohol withdrawal syndrome in mice.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Diazepam; Ethanol; GABA Agonists; Male; Mice; Models, Animal; | 2009 |
Effects of rolipram and diazepam on the adaptive changes induced by morphine withdrawal in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Diazepam; Gene Expression Regulation; Ma | 2009 |
Changes in hippocampal arc protein expression and synaptic plasticity by the presentation of contextual cues linked to drug experience.
Topics: Animals; Cues; Cytoskeletal Proteins; Diazepam; Electrophysiology; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry | 2010 |
Social separation and diazepam withdrawal increase anxiety in the elevated plus-maze and serotonin turnover in the median raphe and hippocampus.
Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Avoidance Learning; Chronic Disease; Diazepam; | 2010 |
Modeling withdrawal syndrome in zebrafish.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Caffeine; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanol; Exploratory | 2010 |
Inhibitory influence of mecamylamine on ethanol withdrawal-induced symptoms in C57BL/6J mice.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethanol; Male; Mecamylamine; | 2010 |
Dual efficacy of delta opioid receptor-selective ligands for ethanol drinking and anxiety.
Topics: Alcohol Deterrents; Alcohol Drinking; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Benza | 2010 |
The effects of zolpidem treatment and withdrawal on the in vitro expression of recombinant alpha1beta2gamma2s GABA(A) receptors expressed in HEK 293 cells.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Blotting, Western; Cell Line; Diazepam; Flunitrazepam; Humans; Hypnotics and | 2010 |
Berberine protects C57BL/6J mice against ethanol withdrawal-induced hyperexcitability.
Topics: Animals; Berberine; Diazepam; Ethanol; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Motor Activity; Psychomotor A | 2011 |
Gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) dependence and withdrawal.
Topics: 4-Butyrolactone; Adult; Ambulatory Care; Baclofen; Delirium; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, D | 2011 |
Alcohol withdrawal during hospitalization.
Topics: Central Nervous System Depressants; Chlordiazepoxide; Diazepam; Early Diagnosis; Ethanol; Humans; In | 2011 |
Intensity of symptoms from alcohol withdrawal in alcohol-dependent patients: comparison between smokers and non-smokers.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol-Induced Disorders; Alcoholism; Anticonvulsants; Blood Pressure; Diazepam; Dose-Respon | 2011 |
[The absence of tolerance and withdrawal syndrome after the treatment with the new L-tryptophane-containing dipeptide anxiolytic GB-115].
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Corpus Striatum; Diazepam; Dipeptides; Dopa | 2011 |
[Effect of GB-115 dipeptide on anxiety in rats with model benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome].
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Animals, Outbred Strains; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety Diso | 2011 |
Evaluation of anxiolytic effect and withdrawal anxiety in chronic intermittent diazepam treatment in rats.
Topics: Amines; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Diazepam; Disease Models | 2012 |
A mouse kindling model of perimenstrual catamenial epilepsy.
Topics: 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors; Animals; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Female; Finasteri | 2012 |
Impact of contextual cues in the expression of the memory associated with diazepam withdrawal: involvement of hippocampal PKMζ in vivo, and Arc expression and LTP in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Cues; Cytoskeletal Proteins; Diazepam; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Gene Ex | 2012 |
βCCT, an antagonist selective for α(1)GABA(A) receptors, reverses diazepam withdrawal-induced anxiety in rats.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Carbolines; Diazepam; Flumazenil; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Hypnotics and Sedat | 2013 |
Involvement of the arachidonic acid cascade in the hypersusceptibility to pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure during diazepam withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Convulsants; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Diazepam; Diclofenac; Enzyme Inhi | 2012 |
Environmental changes modify the expression of Diazepam withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Cues; Dentate Gyrus; Diazepam; Electrophysiology; Environment | 2002 |
Diazepam withdrawal-induced anxiety and place aversion in the rat: differential effects of two chronic diazepam treatment regimes.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Avoidance Learning; Conditioning, Operant; Diazepam; Flumazen | 2002 |
Cocaine-induced anxiety: alleviation by diazepam, but not buspirone, dimenhydrinate or diphenhydramine.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Buspirone; Cocaine; Conflict, Psychological; Diazepam; Dimenh | 2002 |
Stereoselective discriminative stimulus effects of zopiclone in rhesus monkeys.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Azabicyclo Compounds; Diazepam; Discrimination L | 2003 |
Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid and diazepam antagonize a rapid increase in GABA(A) receptors alpha(4) subunit mRNA abundance induced by ethanol withdrawal in cerebellar granule cells.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Diazepam; Drug Interactions; Electrophysiology; Ethanol; Human | 2003 |
Effect of diazepam treatment and its withdrawal on pro/antioxidative processes in rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Brain; Brain Stem; Cerebellum; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, D | 2003 |
Effect of nooglutil on benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome and binding of 3H-spiperone with D2 receptors in rat striatum.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Corpus Striatum; Diazepam; Glutamates; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; | 2002 |
Physical dependence in baboons chronically treated with low and high doses of diazepam.
Topics: Animals; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Flumazenil; Male; Papio; Substance Withdrawal S | 2003 |
Management of drug and alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Alcoholism; Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Half-Life; Humans; Lorazepam; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2003 |
CONVULSIONS IN A PILOT FOLLOWING DRUG WITHDRAWAL.
Topics: Aerospace Medicine; Diazepam; Drug Therapy; Meprobamate; Pentobarbital; Psychoses, Substance-Induced | 1965 |
TOXIC PSYCHOSIS WITH TRANSIENT DYSMNESTIC SYNDROME FOLLOWING WITHDRAWAL FROM VALIUM.
Topics: Chlorpromazine; Diazepam; Epilepsy; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic; Hallucinations; Humans; Memory; Psychose | 1965 |
Ethanol withdrawal-induced up-regulation of the alpha2 subunit of the GABAA receptor and its prevention by diazepam or gamma-hydroxybutyric acid.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cells, Cultured; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cerebellum; Cyclophi | 2004 |
Selection for pentobarbital withdrawal severity: correlated differences in withdrawal from other sedative drugs.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Central Nervous System Depressants | 2004 |
Altered pharmacology of synaptic and extrasynaptic GABAA receptors on CA1 hippocampal neurons is consistent with subunit changes in a model of alcohol withdrawal and dependence.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Azides; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Drug Interactions; Ethanol; GABA Agonists; H | 2004 |
Increased fear learning coincides with neuronal dysinhibition and facilitated LTP in the basolateral amygdala following benzodiazepine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Fear; GABA An | 2004 |
Prevention of diazepam withdrawal syndrome by nifedipine-behavioural and neurochemical studies.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Base Sequence; Behavior, Animal; Calcium Channel Blockers; Diazepam; D | 2004 |
Temporally specific burst in cell proliferation increases hippocampal neurogenesis in protracted abstinence from alcohol.
Topics: Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System; Alcoholic Intoxication; Animals; Bromodeoxyuridine; Cell | 2004 |
[Chronic ethanol abuse related hospitalisation in the Internal Medicine Department of the Specialist Hospital in Biała Podlaska (Poland)].
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Diazepam; Ethanol; Female; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholi | 2004 |
Antidepressants attenuate both the enhanced ethanol intake and ethanol-induced anxiolytic effects in diazepam withdrawn rats.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antidepressive Agents; Anxiety | 2005 |
[Case report of pentazocine dependence from a standpoint of the cognitive therapy].
Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Diazepam; Fluvoxamine; | 2004 |
Acetylcholine in the accumbens is decreased by diazepam and increased by benzodiazepine withdrawal: a possible mechanism for dependency.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relatio | 2005 |
Participation of dorsal raphe nucleus in the behavioral alteration observed after discontinuation of chronic diazepam administration: possible neural circuitry involved.
Topics: Action Potentials; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cell Count; Diazepam; Dizocilpin | 2005 |
alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate receptor autoradiography in mouse brain after single and repeated withdrawal from diazepam.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Brain; Brain Mapping; Diazepam; Drug Administration Schedule; GABA Modulat | 2005 |
Attenuation of benzodiazepine withdrawal anxiety in the rat by serotonin antagonists.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Interpers | 2005 |
Differential effects of two chronic diazepam treatment regimes on withdrawal anxiety and AMPA receptor characteristics.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Autoradiography; Diazepam; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hypnotics and Sedati | 2006 |
Influence of adenosine receptor agonists on benzodiazepine withdrawal signs in mice.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide); Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Benzodi | 2005 |
[Symmetrical bullous acral erythema in a 58-year-old female alcoholic].
Topics: Administration, Oral; Alcoholism; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Biopsy; Depression; Diagnosis, Differential; | 2006 |
Changes in relative potency among positive GABA(A) receptor modulators upon discontinuation of chronic benzodiazepine treatment in rhesus monkeys.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Discrimination Learning; Dose-Response Relatio | 2007 |
Baclofen not comparable to diazepam for alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Baclofen; Diazepam; Ethanol; GABA Agonists; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndro | 2007 |
Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors, rolipram and diazepam block the adaptive changes observed during morphine withdrawal in the heart.
Topics: Animals; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Diazepam; Male; Morphine Dependence; Myocardium; Norepinephrine; No | 2007 |
Intravenous diazepam infusion in the management of planned intrathecal baclofen withdrawal.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Baclofen; Cerebral Palsy; Child; Diazepam; Drug Administration S | 2007 |
Lack of feedback inhibition on rat basolateral amygdala following stress or withdrawal from sedative-hypnotic drugs.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Central Nervous System Depressants; Diazepam; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysio | 2007 |
Brainstem areas activated by diazepam withdrawal as measured by Fos-protein immunoreactivity in rats.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Central Nervous System Depressants; Diazepam; Dorsomedial Hypothalami | 2007 |
Effect of withdrawal of diazepam or morphine treatment on gastric motility (charcoal meal test) in mice: possible role of different central and peripheral receptors.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Central Nervous System; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Diazepam | 2007 |
Anxiogenic effects of cocaine withdrawal in zebrafish.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Cocaine; Diazepam; Disease Models, Anim | 2008 |
Up-regulation of L-type high voltage-gated calcium channel subunits by sustained exposure to 1,4- and 1,5-benzodiazepines in cerebrocortical neurons.
Topics: Animals; Azepines; Benzodiazepines; Binding, Competitive; Calcium Channels; Calcium Channels, L-Type | 2007 |
Analysis of the chronic intake of and withdrawal from diazepam on emotional reactivity and sensory information processing in rats.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; D | 2008 |
Jacksonian seizure in a manic patient treated with rTMS.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Bipolar Disorder; Diazepam; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans; Seizures | 2008 |
Adenosine receptor agonists attenuate the development of diazepam withdrawal-induced sensitization in mice.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine A1 Receptor Agonists; Adenosine A2 Receptor Agonists; Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarb | 2008 |
[Drug treatment of alcohol withdrawal].
Topics: Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Carbamaz | 2008 |
[Benzodiazepine and opiate receptor function in chronic alcoholization].
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Diazepam; Emotions; Ethanol; Humans; Naloxone; Rats; Receptors, GABA-A; | 1984 |
Maintenance treatment with benzodiazepines.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Diazepam; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Dis | 1980 |
Effects of glycine, beta-alanine and diazepam upon morphine-tolerant-dependent mice.
Topics: Alanine; Analgesia; Animals; beta-Alanine; Diazepam; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Female; Glyc | 1980 |
Choice of benzodiazepines.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Chlordiazepoxide; Diazepam; Flurazepam; Half-Life; Humans; Liver | 1981 |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Diazepam; Drug Tolerance; Humans; Lorazepam; Oxazepam; Sleep Initiatio | 1981 |
Diazepam-induced changes in tardive dyskinesia: suggestions for a new conceptual model.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antipsychotic Agents; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dyskinesia, Drug-Indu | 1982 |
[A quantitative analysis of the effects of the benzodiazepines on the EEGs in normal subjects --An analysis of the changes during the time lapse off medazepam].
Topics: Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Brain; Diazepam; Electroencephalography; Humans; Male; Medazepam; Substa | 1982 |
Benzodiazepines in clinical medicine: discussion.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Diazepam; Flurazepam; Half-Life; Humans; Protein Binding; Substance Withdrawal | 1981 |
The use of short- and long-acting hypnotics in clinical medicine.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Diazepam; Flunitrazepam; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Psychomotor Performan | 1981 |
Physical dependence on diazepam and lorazepam in the dog.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Body Weight; Diazepam; Dogs; Female; Gait; Humans; Lorazepam; Pyrazole | 1983 |
Withdrawal after substitution of a short-acting for a long-acting benzodiazepine.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Chronic Disease; Delayed-Action Preparations; Diazepam; Flurazepam; Ha | 1983 |
Benzodiazepines: drug discrimination and physiological dependence.
Topics: Alprazolam; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Bromazepam; Diazepam; Discrimination Lear | 1984 |
[The need for psychopharmacologic therapy of drug addicts with acute hepatitis].
Topics: Acute Disease; Diazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; Hepatitis; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Methadone; | 1984 |
Subacute benzodiazepine treatment: observations on behavioural tolerance and withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Psychological; Diazepam; Drinking Beha | 1984 |
Depression following withdrawal from long-term benzodiazepine use: a report of four cases.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Depressive Disorder; Diazepam; Female; Flurazepam; Humans; Lorazepam; Ma | 1984 |
Effect of p-chlorophenylalanine on diazepam withdrawal signs in rats.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Brain Chemistry; Diazepam; Drug Synergism; Eating; Fenclonine; Humans; Hydroxy | 1980 |
Precipitated withdrawal by a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist (Ro 15-1788) after 7 days of diazepam.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepinones; Diazepam; Flumazenil; Humans; Male; Papio; Receptors, Drug; Receptors, G | 1982 |
Acute effects of drug administration and withdrawal on the benzodiazepine receptor.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepines; Cerebral Cortex; Clonazepam; Diazepam; Flurazepam; Humans; Lorazepam; Male | 1983 |
The benzodiazepine/GABA receptor complex during severe ethanol intoxication and withdrawal in the rat.
Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Animals; Diazepam; Ethanol; Flunitrazepam; Humans; Male; Rats; R | 1982 |
Dependence studies on zopiclone.
Topics: Animals; Azabicyclo Compounds; Barbiturates; Behavior, Animal; Diazepam; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedat | 1983 |
Anxiogenic aspects of diazepam withdrawal can be detected in animals.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Benzodiazepinones; Diazepam; Discrimination Learning; Flumazenil; Humans; Male; Pe | 1983 |
Precipitated diazepam withdrawal in baboons: effects of dose and duration of diazepam exposure.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepines; Benzodiazepinones; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Flumazenil; | 1984 |
Bioassay of subjective effects associated with benzodiazepine withdrawal in animals: a novel direction in dependence research.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepinones; Biological Assay; Clonidine; Conditioning, Operant; Diazepam; Discrimina | 1984 |
An evaluation of neonatal abstinence treatment modalities.
Topics: Central Nervous System Depressants; Diazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Infant, Newborn; In | 1984 |
Elimination kinetics and symptomatology of diazepam withdrawal in abusers.
Topics: Diazepam; Half-Life; Humans; Kinetics; Nordazepam; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related | 1984 |
Maternal drug use and the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy for neonatal abstinence.
Topics: Adult; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Narcotics; Opium; Phenobarbital; Substance Withdra | 1984 |
Benzodiazepine dependence of several years duration: clinical profile and therapeutic benefits.
Topics: Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Male; Psychotic Disorders; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; | 1984 |
Effect of parachlorophenylalanine on the incidence of abnormal behaviors observed following diazepam withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Diazepam; Fenclonine; Humans; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substance | 1981 |
Relief of diazepam-withdrawal syndrome by shoplifting.
Topics: Diazepam; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Theft | 1984 |
Propranolol for the treatment of diazepam withdrawal symptoms.
Topics: Adult; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Propranolol; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1984 |
Cocaine abuse and its treatment.
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Behavior Therapy; Cocaine; Cognition; Conditioning, Psychological; Diazepam; | 1984 |
Abuse potential of halazepam and of diazepam in patients recently treated for acute alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Benzodiazepinones; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Ethan | 1983 |
Diazepam loading: simplified treatment of alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Ethanol; Female; Half-Life; | 1983 |
Comparison of effects of diazepam on barbiturate and on ethanol withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cats; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanol; Female; Humans; Male; Pe | 1983 |
The pentylenetetrazol model of anxiety detects withdrawal from diazepam in rats.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Diazepam; Discrimination Learning; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Male; Pentylene | 1983 |
Acute alcohol withdrawal complicated by supraventricular tachycardia: treatment with intravenous propranolol.
Topics: Diazepam; Ethanol; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Male; Middle Aged; Propranolol; Substance Withdraw | 1984 |
Withdrawal symptoms after long-term treatment with flurazepam.
Topics: Anxiety Disorders; Depressive Disorder; Diazepam; Flurazepam; Humans; Sleep Initiation and Maintenan | 1984 |
A double-blind comparison of the efficacy and safety of lorazepam and diazepam in the treatment of the acute alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Schedule; Ethanol; Female; Humans; L | 1984 |
Use of the specific benzodiazepine antagonist, Ro 15-1788, in studies of physiological dependence on benzodiazepines.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepines; Benzodiazepinones; Cats; Diazepam; Female; Flumazenil; Humans; Lorazepam; | 1982 |
Progress report of the NIDA Addiction Research Center.
Topics: Analgesics; Buprenorphine; Chlordiazepoxide; Clonidine; Diazepam; Humans; Morphine; National Institu | 1982 |
The effect of a benzodiazepine antagonist, RO15-1788, in diazepam dependent rats.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepines; Benzodiazepinones; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Flu | 1982 |
Diazepam withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety Disorders; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1983 |
Diazepam pharmacokinetics after intravenous administration in alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Kinetics; Male; Middle Aged; S | 1983 |
Variations in drug free fraction during alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Chemical Fractionation; Diazepam; Ethanol; Fatty Acids; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Orosomucoi | 1983 |
Diazepam withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Diazepam; Humans; Kinetics; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1983 |
Abstinence syndrome from therapeutic doses of oxazepam.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Diazepam; Fasciculation; Fear; Humans; Male; Oxazep | 1983 |
Diazepam and pentobarbital dependence in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substance Withdrawal S | 1982 |
Further studies on the acute dependence produced by morphine in opiate naive rats.
Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Corticosterone; Diazepam; Drug Tolerance; Humans; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dep | 1982 |
Body temperature response to cocaine and diazepam in morphine-treated rats.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Cocaine; Diazepam; Drug Interactions; Humans; Male; Morphine; Morphine De | 1982 |
Systems of reinforcement and drug dependence.
Topics: Amphetamines; Animals; Cats; Chlordiazepoxide; Cocaine; Diazepam; Drug Tolerance; Escape Reaction; E | 1982 |
Dependence potential of zopiclone studied in monkeys.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Azabicyclo Compounds; Barbital; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Hypnotics a | 1982 |
Hypersomnic diazepam abstinence syndrome: a case report.
Topics: Adult; Antisocial Personality Disorder; Cyclothymic Disorder; Diazepam; Disorders of Excessive Somno | 1982 |
A controlled trial of diazepam withdrawal in chronically anxious outpatients.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anxiety Disorders; Chronic Disease; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; | 1982 |
Diazepam withdrawal seizures.
Topics: Adult; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Male; Phenobarbital; Seizures; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1982 |
Pseudodementia masking substance abuse and depression.
Topics: Depressive Disorder; Diagnosis, Differential; Diazepam; Factitious Disorders; Female; Humans; Middle | 1982 |
Diazepam withdrawal syndrome: its prolonged and changing nature.
Topics: Adult; Anorexia; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myoclonus; Perceptual Disorders; Psych | 1982 |
[Neuropharmacological studies on drug dependence (II). Changes in spontaneous motor activity, EEG and brain monoamines during the period of dependence development and of abrupt withdrawal in rats, with special reference to circadian rhythm (author's trans
Topics: Animals; Biogenic Amines; Brain; Circadian Rhythm; Cocaine; Diazepam; Electroencephalography; Humans | 1980 |
[Experimental study of the "'rebound syndrome" following discontinuation of prolonged phenazepam administration and possibilities for preventing it].
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Benzodiazepinones; Chlorpromazine; Conditioning, Clas | 1981 |
Treatment of diazepam withdrawal syndrome with propranolol.
Topics: Adult; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Pro | 1981 |
Case report of unusual diazepam abstinence syndrome.
Topics: Diazepam; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 1981 |
Withdrawal and pseudowithdrawal from diazepam therapy.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety Disorders; Attitude; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Male; Substance Withdrawa | 1981 |
A clinical appraisal of diazepam.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged; Alcoholism; Anxiety; Child; Diazepam; Drug Administration Schedule; Huma | 1981 |
Diazepam dependency and withdrawal.
Topics: Diazepam; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 1981 |
Withdrawal symptoms in the neonate from presumptive intrauterine exposure to diazepam: report of case.
Topics: Adolescent; Diazepam; Female; Fetal Growth Retardation; Fetus; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Pregna | 1980 |
Systematic review of the benzodiazepines. Guidelines for data sheets on diazepam, chlordiazepoxide, medazepam, clorazepate, lorazepam, oxazepam, temazepam, triazolam, nitrazepam, and flurazepam. Committee on the Review of Medicines.
Topics: Benzodiazepines; Chlordiazepoxide; Clorazepate Dipotassium; Diazepam; Flurazepam; Humans; Lorazepam; | 1980 |
The ingestion by pregnant women of substances toxic to the foetus.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Barbiturates; Clitoris; Diazepam; Disorders of Sex Development; Doxylam | 1980 |
Delayed diazepam withdrawal syndrome: a case of auditory and visual hallucinations and seizures.
Topics: Diazepam; Hallucinations; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Seizures; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1980 |
[Does a rebound insomnia following benzodiazepine administration exist?].
Topics: Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Flunitrazepam; Flurazepam; Humans; Nitrazepam; Sleep Initiation and Maint | 1980 |
Safety and efficacy of long-term diazepam therapy.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety Disorders; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prospect | 1980 |
Anticonvulsant tolerance and withdrawal characteristics of benzodiazepine receptor ligands in different seizure models in mice. Comparison of diazepam, bretazenil and abecarnil.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepinones; Carbolines; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Tole | 1995 |
Effects of barbital or diazepam withdrawal on seizure thresholds to bicuculline, picrotoxin and flurazepam.
Topics: Animals; Barbital; Bicuculline; Convulsants; Diazepam; Flurazepam; Male; Picrotoxin; Rats; Rats, Spr | 1995 |
Management of alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Alcoholism; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Clonidine; Diazepam; Humans; Midazolam; | 1995 |
Ethanol withdrawal is associated with increased extracellular glutamate in the rat striatum.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Diazepam; Dizocilpine Maleate; Ethanol; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis | 1995 |
Comparison of benzodiazepine receptor ligands with partial agonistic, antagonistic or partial inverse agonistic properties in precipitating withdrawal in squirrel monkeys.
Topics: Animals; Diazepam; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Female; Flunitrazepam; GABA Antagonists; GABA | 1995 |
Flunitrazepam and nordiazepam slowly released from silastic capsules induce physical dependence in rat.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antidotes; Biological Availability; Delayed-Action Preparations; Diaze | 1995 |
Precipitated withdrawal in squirrel monkeys after repeated daily oral administration of alprazolam, diazepam, flunitrazepam or oxazepam.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Alprazolam; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, D | 1995 |
Gastrointestinal effects of diazepam-withdrawal are linked to activation of central cholecystokinin-ergic pathways in rats.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepinones; Brain; Cholecystokinin; Devazepide; Diazepam; Flumazenil; Gastrointestin | 1994 |
Observations of novel behaviors as indices of ethanol withdrawal-induced anxiety.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanol; Exploratory Behavior; | 1993 |
Alcohol and benzodiazepines generate anxiety, panic and phobias.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety Disorders; Diazepam; Female; | 1995 |
Benzodiazepine-withdrawal-induced gastric emptying disturbances in rats: evidence for serotonin receptor involvement.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Animals; Diazepam; Gastric Emptying; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Serot | 1995 |
Inhibition of morphine tolerance and dependence by diazepam and its relation to cyclic AMP levels in discrete rat brain regions and spinal cord.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain Chemistry; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclic AMP; Diazepam; Drug Implants; Dr | 1995 |
Different location of benzodiazepine sites involved in gut and behavioral effects of benzodiazepine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Behavior, Animal; Capsaicin; Diazepam; Digestive System; Flumazenil; G | 1994 |
Diazepam withdrawal increases [3H]-5-HT release from rat amygdaloid slices.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Anxiety; Diazepam; Exploratory Behavior; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; In | 1994 |
Automatic quantification of withdrawal from 5-day diazepam in rats: ultrasonic distress vocalizations and hyperreflexia to acoustic startle stimuli.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Body Temperature; Diazepam; Male; Pain Measurement; Psychology, Exper | 1993 |
Trends in the management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Chlordiazepoxide; | 1995 |
Diazepam withdrawal: effects of diazepam and gepirone on acoustic startle-induced 22 kHz ultrasonic vocalizations.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Body Temperature; Body Weight; Diaze | 1994 |
The effects of GABAB ligands on alcohol withdrawal in mice.
Topics: Animals; Baclofen; Behavior, Animal; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethanol; Female; GA | 1994 |
Corticosterone increases severity of acute withdrawal from ethanol, pentobarbital, and diazepam in mice.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Corticosterone; Diazepam; Ethanol; Female; Flumazenil; Handling, Psycholo | 1994 |
Neuropharmacology of a new potential anxiolytic compound, F 2692, 1-(3'-trifluoromethyl phenyl) 1, 4-dihydro 3-amino 4-oxo 6-methyl pyridazine. 2. Evaluation of its tolerance and dependence producing potential and of its effects on benzodiazepine withdraw
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Behavior, Animal; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tol | 1993 |
Reversal of diazepam withdrawal induced hyperactivity in mice by BR 16-A (Mentat), a herbal preparation.
Topics: Animals; Diazepam; Female; Hyperkinesis; Male; Medicine, Ayurvedic; Mice; Plant Extracts; Plants, Me | 1994 |
Gender differences in diazepam withdrawal syndrome in mice.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Castration; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Estrogens; Female; Flumazenil; I | 1994 |
Repeated treatment with alpidem, a new anxiolytic, does not induce tolerance or physical dependence.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Bicuculline; Carbolines; Convulsants; Diazepam; Drug | 1993 |
Progesterone withdrawal decreases latency to and increases duration of electrified prod burial: a possible rat model of PMS anxiety.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Electrosh | 1993 |
Anxiolytic-like effects of the novel cholinergic channel activator ABT-418.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Cognition Disorders; Diazepam; Isoxazoles; Male; | 1994 |
Cross-substitution of diazepam for barbital results in only a low incidence of audiogenic seizures upon withdrawal in dependent rats.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Barbital; Diazepam; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Subst | 1994 |
Effect of valepotriates on the behavior of rats in the elevated plus-maze during diazepam withdrawal.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Diazepam; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Iridoids; Ma | 1994 |
Long-term treatment with abecarnil does not induce diazepam-like dependence in mice.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Carbolines; Diazepam; Electromyography; Male; Mice; Receptors | 1993 |
Are rapid inpatient benzodiazepine detoxifications unsafe?
Topics: Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Diazepam; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic; Female; Humans; Inpatients; Substance | 1993 |
Enhanced anxiolytic effect of zacopride enantiomers in diazepam-withdrawn rats.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Benzamides; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; Bridged Bicyclo Compou | 1993 |
The CCK-B antagonist LY288513 blocks effects of diazepam withdrawal on auditory startle.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Cholecystokinin; Diazepam; Male; Pyrazoles; Rats; Reflex, Startle; Su | 1993 |
Potentiation of physical dependence on diazepam by ondansetron in rats.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Diazepam; Drug Synergism; Male; Ondansetron; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Substanc | 1994 |
Flumazenil induces localised increases in glucose utilization during diazepam withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Brain Chemistry; Carbolines; Densitometry; Deoxyglucose; Diazepam; Flumaze | 1993 |
The CCK-B antagonist LY288513 blocks diazepam-withdrawal-induced increases in auditory startle response.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Cholecystokinin; Diazepam; Male; Pyrazoles; Rats; Receptors, Cholecys | 1994 |
Precipitated abstinence in the diazepam-dependent rat.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Diazepam; Drug Implants; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic; Female; Flumazeni | 1993 |
Volume and surface three-dimensional displays of Tc-99m HMPAO brain SPECT imaging in a chronic hypnosedative abuser.
Topics: Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Brain; Diazepam; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Male; Mid | 1993 |
Ethanol- and diazepam-withdrawal hyperlocomotion is not due to 5-HT3 receptor stimulation.
Topics: Animals; Diazepam; Ethanol; Male; Motor Activity; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Re | 1993 |
Diazepam dependence prevented by glutamate antagonists.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Drug Tolerance; Electroencephalography; Ele | 1993 |
[Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome in newborn infants. Clinical cases].
Topics: Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Pregnancy; Pregna | 1993 |
Infantile chorea following abrupt withdrawal of diazepam and pentobarbital therapy.
Topics: Cardiac Catheterization; Chorea; Diazepam; Humans; Infant; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Pentoba | 1993 |
Maturation-related changes in tolerance development to hexobarbital after short term treatment with diazepam in the rat.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Diazepam; Drug Tolerance; Electroencephalography; Hexobarbital; Male; Rats; Rats, Sp | 1993 |
Pharmacokinetics of nordiazepam in physical dependence and precipitated abstinence in dogs.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Blood Proteins; Diazepam; Dogs; Female; Flumazenil; Hydrolysis; Injec | 1993 |
Benzodiazepines increase preprocholecystokinin messenger RNA levels in rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Base Sequence; Benzodiazepines; Biomarkers; Brain Chemistry; Cholecystokinin; Diaz | 1993 |
A comparison of rat brain amino acid and monoamine content in diazepam withdrawal and after exposure to a phobic stimulus.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Anxiety; Biogenic Monoamines; Brain Chemistry; Cats; Cerebral Cortex; Chromato | 1993 |
Effect of the chronic dose of diazepam on the intensity and characteristics of the precipitated abstinence syndrome in the dog.
Topics: Animals; Diazepam; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Flumazenil; Substance Withdrawal | 1993 |
Alcohol withdrawal: a nationwide survey of inpatient treatment practices.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Alcoholism; Barbiturates; Benzodiazepines; Chlordiazepoxide; Clonidine; | 1995 |
Current treatment for alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Alcoholism; Benzodiazepines; Chlordiazepoxide; Diazepam; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1995 |
Effects of nifedipine on physical dependence on barbital or diazepam in rats.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Barbital; Body Weight; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Di | 1995 |
Diazepam pretreatment suppresses morphine withdrawal signs in the mouse.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Cerebr | 1996 |
Diazepam prevents progression of kindled alcohol withdrawal behaviour.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Diazepam; Ethanol; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizur | 1995 |
Changes in GABAA receptor function and cross-tolerance to ethanol in diazepam-dependent rats.
Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Chloride Channels; Culture Techniques; Diazepam; D | 1996 |
Sensitization of gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptors to neuroactive steroids in rats during ethanol withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Desoxycorticosterone; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Etha | 1996 |
Altered behavioral and neurochemical response to stress in benzodiazepine-withdrawn rats.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Brain Chemistry; Cerebral Cortex; Chloride | 1996 |
Catatonia after benzodiazepine withdrawal.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alprazolam; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Catatonia; Clonazepam; Diazepam; Female; H | 1996 |
Effect of chronic diazepam treatment on footshock-induced ultrasonic vocalization in adult male rats.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Dose- | 1995 |
Diazepam physical dependence and withdrawal in rats is associated with alteration in GABAA receptor function.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepines; Cerebral Cortex; Chloride Channels; Chlorides; Diazepam; Flumazenil; Fluni | 1996 |
Long-term studies on anticonvulsant tolerance and withdrawal characteristics of benzodiazepine receptor ligands in different seizure models in mice. I. Comparison of diazepam, clonazepam, clobazam and abecarnil.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Benzodiazepinones; Carbolines; Cloba | 1996 |
Abecarnil, a beta-carboline derivative, does not exhibit anticonvulsant tolerance or withdrawal effects in mice.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Bicuculline; Binding Sites; Carbolines; Convulsants; | 1996 |
A nonbenzodiazepine partial agonist, S-(+)-DN-2327, has minimal physical dependence-producing liability, but shows cross-dependence on barbital in rats.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Area Under Curve; Barbital; Behavior, Animal; Binding, Competitive; Bo | 1996 |
[Complications after benzodiazepine dependence].
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Combined Modality Therapy; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Neuropsycholo | 1996 |
[Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome in low dose dependency].
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety Disorders; Chlordiazepoxide; Depressive Disorder; Diazepam; Dose-Respon | 1996 |
Progesterone modulation of diazepam withdrawal syndrome in mice.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Diazepam; Estradiol; Estrus; Female; Flumazenil; GABA Modulators; Mice | 1996 |
Tolerance develops to the spatial learning deficit produced by diazepam in rats.
Topics: Amnesia; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Diazepam; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug Tolerance; Expl | 1997 |
Recovery of decreased seizure threshold for pentylenetetrazole during diazepam withdrawal by NMDA receptor antagonists.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Convulsants; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug I | 1997 |
Evidence that the median raphé nucleus--dorsal hippocampal pathway mediates diazepam withdrawal-induced anxiety.
Topics: Animals; Diazepam; Hippocampus; Interpersonal Relations; Male; Neural Pathways; Raphe Nuclei; Rats; | 1997 |
Effects of acute daily administration of diazepam on spatial learning and working memory.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedu | 1997 |
Carbamazepine normalizes the altered behavioral and neurochemical response to stress in benzodiazepine-withdrawn rats.
Topics: Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Carbam | 1997 |
Dorsal raphe and substantia nigra response to flumazenil in diazepam-dependent rats.
Topics: Animals; Diazepam; Electroencephalography; Electrophysiology; Female; Flumazenil; GABA Modulators; M | 1997 |
Comparison of abstinence syndromes precipitated by flumazenil and PK 11195 in female diazepam-dependent rats.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Central Nervous System; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dr | 1997 |
Functional characterization of a kindling-like model of ethanol withdrawal in cortical cultured neurons after chronic intermittent ethanol exposure.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Diazepam; Drug Administration Schedule; Ethanol; Female; | 1997 |
Region-specific changes in [3H]dizocilpine binding in diazepam-withdrawn rats.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Diazepam; Dizocilpine Maleate; Hippocamp | 1998 |
Rapid increase in basal acetylcholine release in the hippocampus of freely moving rats induced by withdrawal from long-term ethanol intoxication.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Alcoholic Intoxication; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Central Nervous System Depressa | 1998 |
Sensitisation of withdrawal signs following repeated withdrawal from a benzodiazepine: differences between measures of anxiety and seizure sensitivity.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Conflict, Psychological | 1998 |
Upregulation of NMDA receptor subunit proteins in the cerebral cortex during diazepam withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Diazepam; GABA Modulators; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Receptors, N-Met | 1998 |
Hypersusceptibility to DMCM-induced seizures during diazepam withdrawal in mice: evidence for upregulation of NMDA receptors.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbolines; Cerebral Cortex; Convulsants; Diazepam; Dizocilpine Maleate; M | 1998 |
Sensitisation to repeated withdrawal, in mice treated chronically with diazepam, is blocked by an NMDA receptor antagonist.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Convulsants; Diazepam; Excitatory Amino A | 1998 |
Subsensitivity to mitochondrial diazepam binding inhibitor receptor agonist FGIN-1-27-induced antiseizure effect in diazepam-withdrawn mice.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Indoleacetic Acids; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mi | 1998 |
Role of nitric oxide in the hypersusceptibility to pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure in diazepam-withdrawn mice.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Diazepam; Enzyme Inhibitors; Male; Mice; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nit | 1998 |
Benzodiazepine dependence: from neural circuits to gene expression.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antimetabolites; Autoradiography; Brain Chemistry; Deoxyglucose; Diaze | 1998 |
Sarmazenil-precipitated withdrawal: a reliable method for assessing dependence liability of benzodiazepine receptor ligands.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Behavior, Animal; Benzodiazepines; Convulsants; Diazepam; Drug Toleran | 1998 |
NMDA receptor antagonists potently suppress the spontaneous withdrawal signs induced by discontinuation of long-term diazepam treatment in Fischer 344 rats.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Anorexia; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Behavior, Animal; Diazepam; Dizocilpin | 1998 |
Evidence suggesting that gonadal hormones influence benzodiazepine withdrawal-induced weight loss in rats.
Topics: Animals; Anorexia; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Diazepam; Female; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Male; Orchiectom | 1998 |
[Effect of calcium channel blocker nifedipine on anxiety and seizure manifestations of abstinence syndrome in rats after withdrawal of long-term diazepam administration].
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium | 1998 |
Inhibition of morphine tolerance and dependence by diazepam and its relation to mu-opioid receptors in the rat brain and spinal cord.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain Chemistry; Central Nervous System; Diazepam | 1998 |
Influence of gender on chronic ethanol-induced alterations in GABAA receptors in rats.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Bicuculline; Cerebral Cortex; Convulsants; Desoxycorticosterone; Diazepam; | 1998 |
Diazepam-treated female rats: flumazenil- and PK 11195-induced withdrawal in the hippocampus CA1.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Body Weight; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroenceph | 1998 |
Generalized tonic-clonic status epilepticus: causes, treatment, complications and predictors of case fatality.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anticonvulsants; Child; Demography; Diazepam; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic; Femal | 1998 |
Small platform stress attenuates the anxiogenic effect of diazepam withdrawal in the plus-maze test.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Diazepam; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbr | 1998 |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal facilitates the subsequent onset of escape failures and anhedonia: influence of different antidepressant drugs.
Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antidepressive Agents; Avoidance Learning; Conditioning, | 1999 |
Role of metabotropic glutamate receptors in the hypersusceptibility to pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure during diazepam withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Convulsants; Diazepam; Drug Interactions; Injections, Intraventricu | 1999 |
Lack of sex differences in anxiety behaviors during precipitated benzodiazepine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Corticosterone; Diazepam; Estradiol; Female; Flumazenil; GABA | 1999 |
The alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Alcoholism; Chlordiazepoxide; Diazepam; Drug Tolerance; Ethanol; Hospitalization; Humans; Substance | 1979 |
Genetic determinants of severity of acute withdrawal from diazepam in mice: commonality with ethanol and pentobarbital.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Central Nervous System Depressants; Diazepam; Ethanol; Hypnotics and S | 1999 |
Physical dependence after benzodiazepine treatments in rats: Comparison of short and long treatments with diazepam and lorazepam.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Arousal; Brain; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Admin | 1999 |
Sex differences in the pentylenetetrazol-like stimulus induced by ethanol withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Castration; Central Nervous System Depressants; Diazepam; Discrimination | 1999 |
Substantia nigra: the involvement of central and peripheral benzodiazepine receptors in physical dependence on diazepam as evidenced by behavioral and EEG effects.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Behavior, Animal; Central Nervous System; Diaze | 1999 |
Precipitated withdrawal in the substantia nigra in diazepam-dependent female rats.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Body Weight; Diazepam; Electroencephalography; Female; Flumazenil; GAB | 1999 |
The effect of a novel pentadecapeptide BPC 157 on development of tolerance and physical dependence following repeated administration of diazepam.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Anticonvulsants; Antitubercular Agents; Brain Chemi | 1999 |
Previous experience of withdrawal from chronic diazepam ameliorates the aversiveness of precipitated withdrawal and reduces withdrawal-induced c-fos expression in nucleus accumbens.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Conditioning, Psychological; Corpus Striatum; Diazepam; Epile | 2000 |
Peripheral infusion of Diazemuls.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fem | 2000 |
The pharmacodynamics of PK 11195 in diazepam-dependent male and female rats.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Body Weight; Brain; Diazepam; Female; Flumazeni | 2000 |
Previous experience of diazepam withdrawal prevents the formation of a withdrawal-conditioned taste aversion: test of a blocking hypothesis.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Avoidance Learning; Conditioning, Classical; Diazepam; Mice; Rats; Sub | 2000 |
Diazepam in the treatment of GHB dependence.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Diazepam; Humans; Sodium Oxybate; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Rela | 2001 |
Chronic benzodiazepine administration facilitates the subsequent development of ethanol dependence.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Dru | 2001 |
A case of withdrawal from the GHB precursors gamma-butyrolactone and 1,4-butanediol.
Topics: 4-Butyrolactone; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; Emergencies; Humans; L | 2001 |
Enhanced anticonvulsant activity of neuroactive steroids in a rat model of catamenial epilepsy.
Topics: Allosteric Regulation; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepinones; Desoxycorticosterone; Diazepam; | 2001 |
Increase in expression of the GABA(A) receptor alpha(4) subunit gene induced by withdrawal of, but not by long-term treatment with, benzodiazepine full or partial agonists.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Chloride | 2001 |
Effects of Ferula gummosa Boiss. fractions on morphine dependence in mice.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Animals; Diazepam; Ferula; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Iran; Male; Medicine, | 2001 |
SB-243213; a selective 5-HT2C receptor inverse agonist with improved anxiolytic profile: lack of tolerance and withdrawal anxiety.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Catalepsy; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug T | 2001 |
Changes in GABA(A) receptor gene expression induced by withdrawal of, but not by long-term exposure to, zaleplon or zolpidem.
Topics: Acetamides; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Diazepam; GABA Modulators; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Nuclease P | 2002 |
Introducing an in-patient treatment for alcohol detoxification into a community setting.
Topics: Absenteeism; Alcoholism; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Clinical Protocols; Community Health Nursing; Cost of | 2001 |
Provision of cues to signal a withdrawal US prevents the US pre-exposure effect in a diazepam-withdrawal conditioned taste aversion.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Avoidance Learning; Conditioning, Psychological; Cues; Diazepam; Male; | 2002 |
Evidence for the role of brain norepinephrine and dopamine in "rebound" phenomenon seen during withdrawal after repeated exposure to benzodiazepines.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Body Weight; Brain; Brain Chemistry; B | 1977 |
Alterations in brain 5-hydroxytryptamine metabolism during the 'withdrawal' phase after chronic treatment with diazepam and bromazepam.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Brain; Bromazepam; Diazepam; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Male; M | 1977 |
Adverse behavioral effects of benzodiazepines.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Behavior; Diazepam; Drug Tolerance; Female; Hostility; Humans; Male; Mid | 1977 |
Recent advances in alcohol withdrawal states.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Alcoholism; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Chlordiazepoxide; Diazepam; Hum | 1977 |
The benzodiazepines.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Chlordiazepoxide; Diazepam; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Re | 1978 |
Barbiturate physical dependence in mice: effects of neuroleptics and diazepam on the withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Barbiturates; Chlorpromazine; Diazepam; Haloperidol; Humans; Male; Me | 1978 |
Some neurochemical correlates of "rebound" phenomenon observed during withdrawal after long-term exposure to 1, 4-benzodiazepines.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Bromazepam; Di | 1978 |
Effects of antipsychotic and antianxiety drugs on the morphine abstinence syndrome in rats.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Behavior, Animal; Body Weight; Chlordiazepoxide; | 1979 |
No changes in rat benzodiazepine receptors after withdrawal from continuous treatment with lorazepam and diazepam.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Kinetics; Lorazepam; Male; | 1979 |
Withdrawal symptoms from combined alcohol and minor tranquilizer intake.
Topics: Alcoholism; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Diazepam; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 1979 |
[Detoxication of heroin addicts in the area of Genoa].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amino Acids; Clonidine; Diazepam; Female; Fructose; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Ma | 1979 |
[Epilepsy? Withdrawl symptoms and alcoholic hepatitis].
Topics: Chlormethiazole; Diagnosis, Differential; Diazepam; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic; Hepatitis, Alcoholic; Hu | 1978 |
Diazepam withdrawal syndrome: a case with psychosis, seizure, and coma.
Topics: Coma; Depressive Disorder, Major; Diazepam; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Psych | 1979 |
[Experimental study on development of physical dependence on alcohol and cross physical dependence liability of diazepam and barbital to alcohol in rhesus monkeys (author's transl)].
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Barbital; Barbiturates; Body Weight; Diazepam; Female; Haplorhini; Humans; Maca | 1978 |
[Experimental studies of alcoholism].
Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Animals; Barbital; Diazepam; Dogs; Ethanol; Female; Haplorhini; | 1979 |
Anxiety and sleep after fosazepam.
Topics: Anxiety; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Half-Life; Humans; Mal | 1976 |
Pharmacotherapy of the acute alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Alcoholism; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Barbiturates; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Chloral Hydra | 1975 |
Rational drug therapy of alcoholism with sedative hypnotic drugs! Is this possible?
Topics: Administration, Oral; Alcoholism; Antipsychotic Agents; Anxiety; Barbiturates; Community Mental Heal | 1975 |
The use of psychoactive drugs in the long-term treatment of chronic alcoholics.
Topics: Alcoholism; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Anxiety; Chlordiazepoxide; Chlorpromazine; Ch | 1975 |
Single case study. Diazepam (Valium) detoxification.
Topics: Adult; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Nordaze | 1979 |
Withdrawal from diazepam.
Topics: Diazepam; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1977 |
Massive benzodiazepine requirements during acute alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Alcoholism; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Half-Lif | 1979 |
Diazepam kinetics in acute alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Blood Proteins; Diazepam; Half-Life; Humans; Kinetics; Male; Middle Aged; Protein | 1979 |
Thrombocytosis and increased circulating platelet aggregates in newborn infants of polydrug users.
Topics: Amphetamine; Cocaine; Diazepam; Female; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, | 1979 |
Studies of cognitive function as influenced by administration of haloperidol or diazepam in detoxification of acute alcoholics.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Cognition; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Female; Haloperidol; Humans; Male; Perc | 1979 |
[Drug withdrawl symptoms in newborn infants of addicted mothers].
Topics: Adult; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Maternal-Fetal Exchange | 1977 |
Diazepam maintenance of alcohol preference during alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Diazepam; Humans; Male; Rats; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1977 |
A study on diazepam and postwithdrawal drinking of ethanol solution in rats.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Body Weight; Diazepam; Feeding Behavior; Humans; Male; Rats; | 1979 |
Withdrawal convulsions or stress convulsions.
Topics: Adult; Diazepam; Humans; Male; Seizures; Stress, Physiological; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1977 |
Diazepam addiction: a case report.
Topics: Adult; Akathisia, Drug-Induced; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Substanc | 1978 |
Management of neonatal drug withdrawal.
Topics: Diazepam; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Methadone; Seizures | 1978 |
Management of narcotic withdrawal in neonates.
Topics: Diazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Narcotics; | 1978 |
Problems pertaining to the care of newborn infants of drug-addicted women.
Topics: Apnea; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Methadone; Narcotics; P | 1978 |
Abrupt withdrawal from therapeutically administered diazepam. Report of a case.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Behavior; Body Weight; Diazepam; Emotions; Humans; Male; Pulse; Substance Withdrawal | 1978 |
Diazepam withdrawal: a current problem in recognition.
Topics: Adult; Diazepam; Humans; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1978 |
Letter: Diazepam withdrawal fits.
Topics: Diazepam; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic; Female; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1975 |
Withdrawal reaction to diazepam.
Topics: Adult; Diazepam; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic; Humans; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1976 |
Withdrawal symptoms in neonates from intrauterine exposure to diazepam.
Topics: Diazepam; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Male; Phenobarbital; Substance Withdra | 1977 |
Observation and treatment of neonatal narcotic withdrawal.
Topics: Diazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, New | 1977 |
Diazepam withdrawal psychosis: a case report.
Topics: Alcoholism; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Psychotic Disorde | 1977 |
Epileptic seizures induced by psychotropic drugs.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Birth Order; Brain Damage, Chronic; Chlorpromazine; Diazepam; Dose-Response | 1977 |
Neonatal seizures associated with narcotic withdrawal.
Topics: Diazepam; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Opium; Phenobarbital; Pregnanc | 1977 |
Possible neonatal diazepam withdrawal: a case report.
Topics: Diazepam; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Muscle Tonu | 1977 |
Hallucinations following withdrawal of Valium.
Topics: Diazepam; Female; Hallucinations; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1976 |
[Heroin withdrawal syndrome in newborns (author's transl].
Topics: Chloral Hydrate; Diazepam; Female; Heroin; Humans; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Newborn; Infant | 1976 |
[Withdrawal psychosis developing in association with incarceration in a penal institution].
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Diazepam; Humans; Male; Prisons; Psychotic Disorders; Substance Withdrawal Syndro | 1975 |
[New born infants of drug addicted mothers].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Birth Weight; Chlorpromazine; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, | 1975 |
Neonatal abstinence syndrome: assessment and management.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Antidiarrheals; Central Nervous System; Diazepam; Digestive System; Female; He | 1975 |
Acute management of neonatal addiction.
Topics: Antidiarrheals; Chlorpromazine; Diazepam; Female; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant | 1975 |
Neonatal addiction: a two-year study. Part I. Clinical and developmental characteristics of infants of mothers on methadone maintenance.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Age Factors; Attention; Birth Weight; Child Development; Diazepam; Dose-Respon | 1975 |
Narcotic addiction in the newborn: differences in behavior generated by methadone and heroin.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Diazepam; Female; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, New | 1975 |
Letter: Withdrawal of diazepam.
Topics: Diazepam; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 1975 |
Misuse and abuse of diazepam: an increasingly common medical problem.
Topics: Adult; Diazepam; Drug Prescriptions; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Legislation, Drug; Male; Methadone; | 1975 |
Letter: Diazepam withdrawal symptoms.
Topics: Diazepam; Female; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 1975 |
Transient psychological syndrome following diazepam therapy for tetanus.
Topics: Aged; Diazepam; Humans; Male; Mental Disorders; Middle Aged; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tetanus | 1975 |
Physical dependence on morphine, phenobarbital and diazepam in rats by drug-admixed food ingestion.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Diazepam; Diet; Feeding Behavior; Female; Humans; Levallorphan; Male; Morphine | 1975 |
Addiction to diazepam.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Age Factors; Anxiety; Diazepam; Drug Tolerance; Female; Humans; Male; M | 1976 |
Neonatal narcotic abstinence: Effects of pharmacotherapeutic agents and maternal drug usage on nutritive sucking behavior.
Topics: Diazepam; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Male; Methadone; Opium; Phenob | 1976 |
How to get patients off barbiturates.
Topics: Barbiturates; Diazepam; Humans; Nitrazepam; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorde | 1976 |
Drug addiction in pregnancy and the neonate.
Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Birth Weight; Diazepam; Female; Heroin Dependence; Hospitalization; Humans; | 1976 |
Gastrointestinal motor alterations induced by precipitated benzodiazepine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Animals; Diazepam; Electromyography; Gastrointestinal Motility; Intestines; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred | 1992 |
Detoxification for triazolam physical dependence.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Half-Life; Hospitalization; H | 1992 |
Physical dependence on diazepam: precipitation of abstinence syndromes by peripheral and central benzodiazepine receptor antagonists.
Topics: Animals; Diazepam; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, GABA-A; | 1992 |
Self-help and benzodiazepine withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Follow-Up Studies; H | 1992 |
The antagonism of benzodiazepine withdrawal effects by the selective cholecystokininB receptor antagonist CI-988.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Drug Administration Schedule; Indoles; Ligh | 1992 |
Comparison of acute and chronic treatment of various serotonergic agents with those of diazepam and idazoxan in the rat elevated X-maze.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Diazepam; Dioxanes; Idazoxan; Imidazoles | 1992 |
Withdrawal precipitation by benzodiazepine receptor antagonists in dogs chronically treated with diazepam or the novel anxiolytic and anticonvulsant beta-carboline abecarnil.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Carbolines; Diazepam; Dogs; Female; | 1992 |
Profile of action of a novel 5-hydroxytryptamine1A receptor ligand E-4424 to inhibit aversive behavior in the mouse, rat and marmoset.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Behavior, Animal; Buspirone; Callithrix; Diazepam; Female; Guinea Pigs | 1992 |
Antagonism of ethanol withdrawal convulsions in Withdrawal Seizure Prone mice by diazepam and abecarnil.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Carbolines; Diazepam; Ethanol; Female; Mice; Seizures | 1992 |
Regulation of glutamate decarboxylase and enkephalin mRNA levels in rat striatum by chronic benzodiazepine treatment.
Topics: Animals; Base Sequence; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Diazepam; Drug Administration Schedule; Enkephalins; | 1992 |
Genetic differences in the development of physical dependence upon diazepam in Lewis and Fischer 344 inbred rat strains.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Diazepam; Eating; Growth; Male; Postural Balance; Psychomotor Performance; Rat | 1992 |
Tolerance, cross-tolerance and withdrawal in rats made dependent on diazepam.
Topics: Animals; Chlordiazepoxide; Diazepam; Discrimination Learning; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug | 1992 |
Oral self-administration of triazolam, diazepam and ethanol in the baboon: drug reinforcement and benzodiazepine physical dependence.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Diazepam; Drinking Behavior; Ethanol; Flumazenil; Food; Half-Life; M | 1992 |
Are there changes in sensitivity to 5-HT3 receptor ligands following chronic diazepam treatment?
Topics: Animals; Benzamides; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Diazepam; I | 1992 |
Concurrent treatment with verapamil prevents diazepam withdrawal-induced anxiety, in the absence of altered calcium flux in cortical synaptosomes.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Calcium; Calcium Radioisotopes; Cerebral Cortex; Diazepam; Male; Rats; Substance W | 1992 |
Effects of nitrendipine, chlordiazepoxide, flumazenil and baclofen on the increased anxiety resulting from alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Baclofen; Chlordiazepoxide; Diazepam; Ethanol; Flumazenil; Interpersonal Relations | 1992 |
Grand mal status epilepticus.
Topics: Alcoholism; Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic; Ethanol; Humans; Lorazepam; Male; Mid | 1992 |
Do benzodiazepines interfere with the action of electroconvulsive therapy?
Topics: Aged; Anxiety Disorders; Combined Modality Therapy; Depressive Disorder; Diazepam; Electroconvulsive | 1992 |
Factors predicting long-term outcome after chronic benzodiazepine therapy.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Employment; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; | 1992 |
Raised [3H]-5-HT release and 45Ca2+ uptake in diazepam withdrawal: inhibition by baclofen.
Topics: Animals; Baclofen; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Diazepam; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Rats; | 1992 |
From the Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration.
Topics: Brain; Caffeine; Cocaine; Diazepam; Drug Synergism; Ethanol; Fetus; Humans; Memory; Memory Disorders | 1991 |
Acamprosate and diazepam differentially modulate alcohol-induced behavioural and cortical alterations in rats following chronic inhalation of ethanol vapour.
Topics: Acamprosate; Administration, Inhalation; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Anima | 1991 |
Behavioral effects of benzodiazepine ligands in non-dependent, diazepam-dependent and diazepam-withdrawn baboons.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Benzodiazepines; Carbolines; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; | 1991 |
Anxiolytic effects of CCK-B antagonists.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Behavior, Animal; Callitrichinae; Diazepam; Indoles; Meglumine; Mice; | 1991 |
Snorting benzodiazepines.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Adult; Alprazolam; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Arousal; Bipolar Disorder; Diaze | 1991 |
Chronic administration of and dependence on halazepam, diazepam, and nordiazepam in the dog.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Benzodiazepinones; Brain; Diaze | 1991 |
The effects of umespirone as a potential anxiolytic and antipsychotic agent.
Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Brain Ch | 1991 |
Treatment of benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms with carbamazepine.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Arousal; Carbamazepine; Crisis Intervention; Depression; Diazep | 1991 |
Effect of peripheral administration of cinnarizine and verapamil on the abstinence syndrome in diazepam-dependent rats.
Topics: Animals; Autonomic Nervous System; Behavior, Animal; Cinnarizine; Diazepam; Female; Male; Motor Acti | 1992 |
Low but not high doses of buspirone reduce the anxiogenic effects of diazepam withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Buspirone; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Ran | 1991 |
Treatment of panic disorder and benzodiazepine withdrawal with valproate.
Topics: Adult; Agoraphobia; Clonazepam; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Male; Panic Diso | 1991 |
Diazepam withdrawal responses measured in the social interaction test of anxiety and their reversal by baclofen.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Baclofen; Diazepam; Drug Tolerance; Interpersonal Relations; Male; Rats; Substance | 1991 |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal.
Topics: Alprazolam; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 1991 |
A comparison of the physical dependence inducing properties of flunitrazepam and diazepam.
Topics: Animals; Biotransformation; Blood Proteins; Brain Chemistry; Diazepam; Dogs; Dose-Response Relations | 1991 |
[Alcohol withdrawal--biological background, diagnosis and treatment].
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Antidepressive Agents; Antipsychotic Agent | 1990 |
A theory of benzodiazepine dependence that can explain whether flumazenil will enhance or reverse the phenomena.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Diazepam; Flumazenil; Male; Rats; Substance Withdrawal Syndro | 1990 |
Physical dependence induced in DBA/2J mice by benzodiazepine receptor full agonists, but not by the partial agonist Ro 16-6028.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Alprazolam; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepinones; Diazepam; Drug Im | 1990 |
Alternative for alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Diazepam; Ethanol; Humans; Patient Care Planning; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1991 |
Carbamazepine for high-dose diazepam withdrawal in opiate users.
Topics: Adult; Carbamazepine; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Male; Methadone; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substance | 1991 |
Excretion of diazepam and its metabolites in human milk during withdrawal from combination high dose diazepam and oxazepam.
Topics: Adult; Diazepam; Drug Combinations; Female; Humans; Infant; Milk, Human; Nordazepam; Oxazepam; Subst | 1990 |
Effects of captopril and SQ29,852 on anxiety-related behaviours in rodent and marmoset.
Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Callitrichinae; Captop | 1990 |
Diazepam loading in alcohol withdrawal: clinical pharmacokinetics.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Diazepam; Ethanol; Half-Life; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nordazepam; Su | 1990 |
The prevention of convulsions during benzodiazepine withdrawals.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Male; Seizures; Substance Withdrawal S | 1990 |
Substitution of psychoactive drugs in pentobarbital-dependent rats.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Arousal; Body Weight; Brain; Bromazepam; Bupropion; Diazepam; Dose-R | 1990 |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome after a benzodiazepine antagonist.
Topics: Adolescent; Akathisia, Drug-Induced; Diazepam; Drug Overdose; Flumazenil; Humans; Injections, Intrav | 1990 |
Mania-like reaction induced by benzodiazepine withdrawal in a patient with mental retardation.
Topics: Adult; Bipolar Disorder; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; F | 1990 |
Diazepam abuse in pregnant women on methadone maintenance. Implications for the neonate.
Topics: Adult; Diazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseas | 1990 |
Diazepam and discriminative motor control: acute, chronic and withdrawal effects.
Topics: Animals; Diazepam; Drug Tolerance; Male; Motor Activity; Rats; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time F | 1990 |
Chronic diazepam treatment in rats causes long-lasting changes in central [3H]-5-hydroxytryptamine and [14C]-gamma-aminobutyric acid release.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Cerebral Cortex; Diazepam; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Rat | 1990 |
Cerebral glucose utilization during diazepam withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Deoxy Sugars; Deoxyglucose; Diazepam; Female; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substance | 1990 |
Long-term diazepam treatment produces changes in cholecystokinin receptor binding in rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain Chemistry; Cholecystokinin; Diazepam; Exploratory Behavior; Flunitr | 1990 |
Discontinuation of diazepam and sensitivity to a shock signal: fear conditioning prior to drug treatment.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Classical; Diazepam; Electroshock; Fear; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Su | 1990 |
The effect of ketotifen in rodent models of anxiety and on the behavioural consequences of withdrawing from treatment with drugs of abuse.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Cocaine; Conditioning, Operant; Diazepam; Ethanol; Ketotifen; Ma | 1990 |
The effects of diazepam on brain 5-HT and 5-HIAA in stressed and unstressed rats.
Topics: Altitude; Animals; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Corticosterone; Diazepam; Habituation, Psychophysiologic; | 1987 |
The GABA/benzodiazepine receptor chloride channel complex during repeated episodes of physical ethanol dependence in the rat.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Chlorides; Diazepam; Ion Channels; Male; Muscimol; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rat | 1988 |
Ethanol and diazepam withdrawal convulsions are extensively codetermined in WSP and WSR mice.
Topics: Animals; Diazepam; Ethanol; Flumazenil; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Seizures; Substance Withdrawal S | 1989 |
The beta-carboline derivatives ZK 93426 and FG 7142 fail to precipitate abstinence signs in diazepam-dependent cats.
Topics: Animals; Carbolines; Cats; Diazepam; Female; Male; Receptors, GABA-A; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1989 |
Physical dependence on diazepam in the dog: precipitation of different abstinence syndromes by the benzodiazepine receptor antagonists Ro 15-1788 and ZK 93426.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Behavior, Animal; Carbolines; Diazepam; Dogs; Female; Flumazenil; Nord | 1989 |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal.
Topics: Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Humans; Methods; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 1989 |
Motor phenomena in benzodiazepine withdrawal.
Topics: Aged; Alprazolam; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Diagnosis, Differential; Diazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; | 1989 |
The effects of ondansetron (GR38032F) in rats and mice treated subchronically with diazepam.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Avoidance Learning; Buspirone; Darkness; Diazepam; Flumazenil; Imidazo | 1989 |
A comparison of calcium antagonists and diazepam in reducing ethanol withdrawal tremors.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Calcium Channel Blockers; Dantrolene; Diazepam; Ethanol; Male; Nimodipine; | 1989 |
Panic attacks and major depression after discontinuation of long-term diazepam abuse.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Clomipramine; Depressive Disorder; Diazepam; Fear; Female; Humans; Panic; Substance | 1989 |
Effects of beta-carboline-ethyl ester on plasma corticosterone--a parallel with antagonist-precipitated diazepam withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Benzodiazepines; Carbolines; Corticosterone; Diazepam; Kinetics; Male; Py | 1989 |
Phenytoin withdrawal and seizure frequency.
Topics: Adult; Carbamazepine; Diazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epilepsy; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Female | 1989 |
The abstinence syndrome in diazepam-dependent cats is precipitated by Ro 15-1788 and Ro 15-4513 but not by the benzodiazepine receptor antagonist ZK 93426.
Topics: Animals; Azides; Benzodiazepines; Carbolines; Cats; Diazepam; Flumazenil; Receptors, GABA-A; Substan | 1988 |
Parkinsonism induced by high doses of diazepam.
Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Male; Middl | 1985 |
Effects of repeated RO 15-1788 administration in benzodiazepine-dependent baboons.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepinones; Convulsants; Diazepam; Drug Tolerance; Flumazenil; | 1985 |
Triazolam addiction.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Diazepam; Humans; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related | 1985 |
Alprazolam withdrawal delirium unresponsive to diazepam: case report.
Topics: Aged; Alprazolam; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Delirium; Diazepam; Half-Life; Humans; Male; | 1985 |
The risk of pharmacological dependence with buspirone.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Buspirone; Diazepam; Humans; Pyrimidines; Risk; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; | 1985 |
Benzodiazepine dependence in mice after ingestion of drug-containing food pellets.
Topics: Aggression; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Body Weight; Diazepam; Eating; Male; Mice; Substance Withd | 1986 |
Reversal by alpha-2 agonists of diazepam withdrawal hyperactivity in rats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Azepines; Clonidine; Diazepam; Guanfacine; Guanidines; Male; Mot | 1986 |
Alprazolam dependence in mice.
Topics: Alprazolam; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Diazepam; Male; Mice; Models, Psychological; Substance Wit | 1987 |
Withdrawal syndrome following subchronic treatment with anxiolytic agents.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Exploratory Behavior; Male; Rats; Su | 1987 |
Seizures following triazolam withdrawal despite benzodiazepine treatment.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety Disorders; Chlordiazepoxide; Diazepam; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Recep | 1987 |
The anxiolytic and anxiogenic actions of ethanol in a mouse model.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Body Weight; Clonidine; Diazepam; Drinking; | 1988 |
Ro 16-6028: a novel anxiolytic acting as a partial agonist at the benzodiazepine receptor.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Benzodiazepinones; Cats; Conflict, | 1988 |
The natural history of tolerance to the benzodiazepines.
Topics: Adult; Affect; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Arousal; Attention; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; | 1988 |
A beta-carboline antagonizes benzodiazepine actions but does not precipitate the abstinence syndrome in cats.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Benzodiazepinones; Brain; Carbolines; Cats; Diazepam; Electroencephalogra | 1985 |
The benzodiazepine antagonist Ro 15-1788 does not antagonize the ethanol withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Animals; Arousal; Benzodiazepinones; Brain; Diazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ethanol; Flumazenil | 1986 |
[Antiabstinent action of fenibut and baclofen on a model of abstinence induced by the benzodiazepine receptor antagonist CGS 8216 in rats receiving diazepam].
Topics: Animals; Baclofen; Behavior, Animal; Diazepam; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid | 1987 |
Benzodiazepines, plasma MHPG and alpha-2-adrenoceptor function in man.
Topics: Brain; Clonidine; Diazepam; Glycols; Humans; Male; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; Psychomotor Performan | 1987 |
Peripheral benzodiazepine binding sites on platelet membranes are increased during diazepam treatment of anxious patients.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Blood Platelets; Cell Membrane; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Isoquinolines; Kinetics; M | 1987 |
Use of an objective clinical scale in the assessment and management of alcohol withdrawal in a large general hospital.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Diazepam; Ethanol; Female; Hospitals, General; Humans; Mal | 1988 |
Benzodiazepine antagonist, CGS-8216, in diazepam- or pentobarbital-dependent and non-dependent rats.
Topics: Animals; Arousal; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Flumazenil; Pentobarbital; Pyr | 1986 |
Withdrawal from chronic nicotine substitutes partially for the interoceptive stimulus produced by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ).
Topics: Animals; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Mecamylamine; Nicotine; Pentylenetetrazol | 1986 |
Periodic benzodiazepine antagonist administration prevents benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms in primates.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Body Weight; Diazepam; Drug Administration Schedule; Flumazenil; Macaca m | 1986 |
Lack of withdrawal signs of dependence following cessation of treatment or Ro-15,1788 administration to rats chronically treated with buspirone.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Buspirone; Diazepam; Flumazenil; Food Deprivation; Male; Pyrimidines; Rats; Ra | 1986 |
Effects of Ro 15-1788 and CGS 8216 in diazepam-dependent baboons.
Topics: Animals; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Flumazenil; Male; Papio; Pyrazoles; Substance W | 1987 |
Enhancement of a diazepam withdrawal symptom by bicuculline and yohimbine.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Diazepam; Discrimination Learning; Discrimination, Psychological; Dose-Respons | 1987 |
Precipitation of abstinence in nordiazepam- and diazepam-dependent dogs.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Diazepam; Dogs; Flumazenil; Nordazepam; Oxazepam; Pyrazoles; Seizures | 1988 |
A simple and rapid method of inducing physical dependence with benzodiazepines in mice.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Flumazenil; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbre | 1988 |
Withdrawal from diazepam substitutes for the discriminative stimulus properties of pentylenetetrazol.
Topics: Animals; Diazepam; Discrimination Learning; Disease Models, Animal; Flumazenil; Male; Pentylenetetra | 1988 |
Delusional depression following benzodiazepine withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety Disorders; Delusions; Depressive Disorder; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Lorazepam; Male; | 1988 |
Increased central noradrenergic activity during benzodiazepine withdrawal: an electrophysiological study.
Topics: Action Potentials; Alprazolam; Animals; Cerebellum; Diazepam; Lorazepam; Norepinephrine; Purkinje Ce | 1988 |
Comparative study in mice of flunitrazepam vs. diazepam on morphine withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Diazepam; Flunitrazepam; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Morp | 1988 |
Opioid withdrawal and naltrexone induction in 48-72 hours with minimal drop-out, using a modification of the naltrexone-clonidine technique.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Clonidine; Diazepam; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fem | 1988 |
The seeking and liking potentials of alprazolam.
Topics: Adult; Alprazolam; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related | 1988 |
Acute confusional state with status petit mal as a withdrawal syndrome--and five year follow-up.
Topics: Acute Disease; Cognition Disorders; Confusion; Diazepam; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Injections, Intr | 1988 |
The role of GABA in morphine abstinence in rats.
Topics: Aminooxyacetic Acid; Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Diazepam; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Morphi | 1988 |
Cross-physical dependence of several drugs in methaqualone-dependent rats.
Topics: Animals; Barbital; Diazepam; Ethanol; Male; Methaqualone; Pentobarbital; Postural Balance; Psychomot | 1988 |
Triazolam withdrawal.
Topics: Alprazolam; Diazepam; Drug Tolerance; Humans; Seizures; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Triazolam | 1988 |
A case of neuroleptic malignant syndrome treated with diazepam.
Topics: Aged; Amantadine; Diazepam; Humans; Male; Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome; Substance Withdrawal Syndr | 1987 |
Clonidine in alcohol withdrawal: a clinical report.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Clonidine; Diazepam; Humans; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1987 |
Glucose uptake in brain during withdrawal from ethanol, phenobarbital, and diazepam.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Brain; Deoxyglucose; Diazepam; Ethanol; Glucose; Male; Phenobarbital; Rats | 1986 |
Lack of tolerance or withdrawal effects in mice after chronic administration of the non-sedating anxiolytic, CGS 9896.
Topics: Animals; Diazepam; Drug Tolerance; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Motor Activity; Pyrazoles; Refl | 1987 |
Intravenous self-administration of diazepam in rats.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Diazepam; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Inbre | 1987 |
The activation of mesoprefrontal dopamine neurons by FG 7142 is absent in rats treated chronically with diazepam.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Appetite Depressants; Carbolines; Cerebral Cortex; Diazepam | 1987 |
[Physical dependence liability test of 4-(o-benzylphenoxy)-N-methylbutylamine hydrochloride (MCI-2016) in rats].
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Barbiturates; Benzhydryl Compounds; Body Weight; Codeine; Diazepam; | 1987 |
Behavioural and electrocortical changes induced by muscimol in rats withdrawn from chronic treatment with diazepam.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cerebral Cortex; Diazepam; Electroencephalography; Muscimol; Rats; Rats, | 1987 |
Obsessive-compulsive disorder--a complication of benzodiazepine withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Depression; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Substance Withdrawal Syn | 1987 |
Alprazolam withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Alprazolam; Diazepam; Humans; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1987 |
[Characteristics of the abstinence syndrome induced by the administration of the benzodiazepine antagonist CGS 8216 to rats following chronic treatment with diazepam].
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Male; Pyrazoles; Rats; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1987 |
Autonomic hyperactivity on diazepam withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Animals; Biogenic Amines; Brain; Diazepam; Heart Rate; Male; Motor Activity; Rats; Rats, Inbred Stra | 1987 |
Withdrawal regimen for triazolam-dependent patients.
Topics: Diazepam; Flurazepam; Humans; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Substance Withdrawal Syndr | 1986 |
Physical dependence capacity of brotizolam in rhesus monkeys. 1st communication: primary dependence studies.
Topics: Animals; Azepines; Diazepam; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Macaca mulatta; Motor Activity; Psychomotor Pe | 1986 |
Physical dependence capacity of brotizolam in rhesus monkeys. 2nd communication: primary dependence and barbital substitution.
Topics: Animals; Azepines; Barbital; Barbiturates; Body Weight; Diazepam; Female; Hypnotics and Sedatives; M | 1986 |
[Reaction to the sudden withdrawal of diazepam in patients with anxiety neurosis].
Topics: Anxiety Disorders; Diazepam; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Humans; Muscular Diseases; Substance Withdra | 1986 |
Status epilepticus due to abrupt diazepam withdrawal: a case report.
Topics: Adult; Diazepam; Humans; Male; Status Epilepticus; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1986 |
Differentiation of alcohol and barbital physical dependence.
Topics: Animals; Barbital; Barbiturates; Diazepam; Ethanol; Ethosuximide; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Pe | 1986 |
Schneiderian first-rank symptoms caused by benzodiazepine withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; Female; Hallucinations; Humans; Middle Aged; Schizophrenia; Substa | 1986 |
Calcium channel antagonists decrease the ethanol withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Diazepam; Ethanol; Flunarizine; Male; Motor Activity; Nimodipine; | 1986 |
Cortical acetylcholine release is increased and gamma-aminobutyric acid outflow is reduced during morphine withdrawal.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Cerebral Cortex; Diazepam; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea | 1986 |
Diazepam withdrawal as demonstrated by changes in plasma corticosterone: a role for the hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Ventricles; Corticosterone; Diazepam; Drug Implants; Hippocampus; Male; Rats; Rats | 1987 |
Precipitated diazepam withdrawal elevates noradrenergic metabolism in primate brain.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Benzodiazepinones; Brain; Chlorocebus aethiops; Diazepam; Female; Flumaze | 1985 |
Withdrawal symptoms and rebound anxiety after six weeks course of diazepam.
Topics: Anxiety; Diazepam; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 1985 |
Severe withdrawal syndrome after substitution of a short-acting benzodiazepine for a long-acting benzodiazepine.
Topics: Diazepam; Female; Half-Life; Humans; Middle Aged; Nordazepam; Oxazepam; Substance Withdrawal Syndrom | 1985 |
N-desmethyldiazepam physical dependence in dogs.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Body Weight; Diazepam; Dogs; Drinking; Energy Intake; Female; Lorazep | 1985 |
Acute psychosis following phenelzine discontinuation.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Diazepam; Female; Hallucinations; Humans; Hyperphagia; Phenelzine; Psychotic D | 1985 |
Prevention of alcohol withdrawal seizures with oral diazepam loading.
Topics: Adult; Diazepam; Ethanol; Humans; Middle Aged; Seizures; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1985 |
Prevention of alcohol withdrawal seizures.
Topics: Diazepam; Ethanol; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1985 |
Effects of chronic treatment with diazepam, phenobarbital, or amphetamine on naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal.
Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Corticosterone; Diazepam; Male; Mice; Morphine Dependence; Motor Activity; Nal | 1985 |
Drug addiction and the newborn.
Topics: Amphetamine; Antipsychotic Agents; Barbiturates; Cannabis; Child Welfare; Chlorpromazine; Diazepam; | 1973 |
Adverse reactions to intravenous diazepam: a report from the Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anxiety; Apnea; Coma; Diazepam; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic; Female; Humans; Hyp | 1973 |
[A case of valium withdrawal with grand mal attacks. A case report on valium abuse and valium addiction].
Topics: Adult; Diazepam; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic; Humans; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Rela | 1974 |
[Voluntary detoxification therapy of young drug addicts in a medical clinic (author's transl)].
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Barbiturates; Cannabis; Diazepam; Drug Combinations; Drug Therapy, Combination; F | 1974 |
Infant of the addicted mother.
Topics: Chlorpromazine; Diazepam; Female; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Disea | 1973 |
Drug therapy in alcoholism. It is especially important in the prevention of such complications as seizures, DT's, Wernicke's encephalopathy, or polyneuritis.
Topics: Alcoholism; Anticonvulsants; Chlordiazepoxide; Chlorpromazine; Diazepam; Disulfiram; Humans; Hydroxy | 1971 |
Delirium tremens in head and neck surgery.
Topics: Aged; Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Chlordiazepoxide; Diazepam; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Male; Mi | 1974 |
Sedative-hypnotic dependence.
Topics: Attitude of Health Personnel; Attitude to Health; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug P | 1974 |
[Intense pentazocine abstinence syndrome. Treatment of a clinical case].
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Butyrophenones; Diazepam; Drug Evaluation; Female; Haloperidol; Humans; | 1974 |
Temporal lobe epilepsy due to drug withdrawal.
Topics: Barbiturates; Diazepam; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Female; Humans; Middle Aged | 1972 |
Quantitative study of alcohol withdrawal signs in mice.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Barbiturates; Behavior, Animal; Chlorpromazine; Diazepam; Disease Models, Anima | 1973 |
Newborn infants of mothers on methadone maintenance.
Topics: Body Weight; Camphor; Diazepam; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, D | 1974 |
Significance of withdrawal jumping response in predicting physical dependence in mice.
Topics: Amitriptyline; Animals; Atropine; Cannabis; Chlordiazepoxide; Chlorpromazine; Diazepam; Humans; Imip | 1973 |
[Treatment of acute incidents in drug addiction].
Topics: Apnea; Ascorbic Acid; Coma; Diazepam; Drug Combinations; Humans; Psychomotor Disorders; Psychoses, S | 1972 |
[Primary valium dependence in a juvenile].
Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Phenothiazines; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Su | 1972 |
An odd cause of squint.
Topics: Diazepam; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Strabismus; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1972 |
An animal model for testing effects of drugs on alcohol withdrawal reactions.
Topics: Animals; Ataxia; Barbiturates; Chlordiazepoxide; Chlormethiazole; Diazepam; Ethanol; Humans; Male; M | 1972 |
[Tolerance and physical dependence producing liability of doxepin].
Topics: Amitriptyline; Animals; Body Weight; Diazepam; Dibenzoxepins; Drug Resistance; Humans; Imipramine; M | 1972 |
Treatment of neonatal withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Chlorpromazine; Diazepam; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Methadone; Opium; Phenobarbita | 1973 |
Diazepam in neonatal withdrawal: a clarification.
Topics: Diazepam; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1973 |
Narcotic poisoning: an epidemic disease.
Topics: Diazepam; Glucose; Hospitalization; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Methadone; Myelitis, Transverse; Myoglobi | 1973 |
[Screening procedure for barbital type physical dependence liability of psychotropic drugs in mice].
Topics: Amitriptyline; Animals; Barbiturates; Behavior, Animal; Benzazepines; Benzodiazepinones; Body Weight | 1973 |
Late presentation of drug withdrawal symptoms in newborns.
Topics: Birth Weight; Camphor; Diazepam; Female; Gestational Age; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Infant; Infant, | 1974 |
Managing emergencies in the newborn.
Topics: Anesthesia, Obstetrical; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Apnea; Bronchopneumonia; Chlorpromazine; Cyclopropan | 1974 |
Narcotic withdrawal in the newborn infant.
Topics: Diazepam; Female; Fetus; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Mate | 1974 |
Infants exposed in utero to antiepileptic drugs. A prospective study.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Adolescent; Adult; Amitriptyline; Amniotic Fluid; Anticonvulsants; Chro | 1974 |
Born with a habit. Infants of drug-addicted mothers.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Adult; Age Factors; Barbiturates; Camphor; Chlorpromazine; Codeine; Dia | 1974 |
[Smoking habits and smoking withdrawal in Swiss men].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Bronchitis; Cardiovascular Diseas | 1974 |
Parenteral diazepam in status epilepticus.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Brain Neoplasms; Child; Child, Preschool; Diazepam; Electroence | 1969 |
Use of diazepam in neonatal narcotic withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Benzoates; Diazepam; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Sodium; Substance Withdrawa | 1972 |
The effect of sedatives on the metabolic rate during alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Amobarbital; Basal Metabolism; Chlormethiazole; Chlorpromazine; Depression, Chemi | 1972 |
Diazepam (Valium) for neonatal narcotic withdrawal: a question of safety.
Topics: Bilirubin; Binding Sites; Diazepam; Drug Interactions; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newb | 1972 |
[Emergency treatment and technic of detoxification in juvenile drug addicts].
Topics: Amphetamine; Barbiturates; Cannabis; Chlormethiazole; Cocaine; Diazepam; Emergencies; Humans; Lyserg | 1972 |
The effect of maternal heroin addiction on neonatal jaundice.
Topics: Animals; Bilirubin; Diazepam; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Female; Glucuronates; Heroin; Hexosyltransferas | 1972 |
Diphenylhydantoin and alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Alcoholism; Diazepam; Drug Synergism; Humans; Phenytoin; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1971 |
Diazepam in the management of the neonatal narcotic withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Blood Proteins; Calcium; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Injec | 1971 |
Death following withdrawal of Diazepam.
Topics: Adult; Diazepam; Dystonia Musculorum Deformans; Humans; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1966 |
Diazepam, nitrazepam and the N.H.S.
Topics: Chlordiazepoxide; Diazepam; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 1970 |
A new method for treatment of barbiturate dependence.
Topics: Barbiturates; Chlordiazepoxide; Diazepam; Heroin; Humans; Meprobamate; Pentobarbital; Phenobarbital; | 1970 |
[Slight abstinence symptoms].
Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Phenobarbital; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance | 1970 |
[Temporary mental after-effects in long-term treatment of tetanus with diazepam (Valium)].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Behavior; Child; Diazepam; Female; Hallucinations; Humans; Impulsive Behavior; La | 1970 |
[Drug dependence and addiction among patients of the Vienna Psychiatric-Neurological University Hospital with special reference to psychotropic drugs].
Topics: Analgesics; Antidepressive Agents; Antitussive Agents; Austria; Barbiturates; Cannabis; Chlordiazepo | 1970 |
[Drug abuse and addiction to diazepam].
Topics: Anxiety; Delirium; Depression; Diazepam; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Di | 1970 |
[Abuse of hypnotics and sedatives by young addicts].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Barbiturates; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Morphine; Necros | 1971 |
A problem of prolonged oral intubation: case report.
Topics: Alcoholism; Diazepam; Humans; Intubation, Intratracheal; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth; Substance Withdra | 1971 |
[Therapy of anxiety, mental anguish and sleeplessness. 4. Drug abuse and accidents].
Topics: Accidents, Traffic; Barbiturates; Chlordiazepoxide; Chlormethiazole; Diazepam; Drug Synergism; Ethan | 1969 |
[Therapy of anxiety, mental anguish and sleeplessness. 5. Abuse of diazepam?].
Topics: Chlordiazepoxide; Diazepam; Humans; Meprobamate; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Di | 1969 |
[A case of Valium withdrawal delirium].
Topics: Adult; Delusions; Diazepam; Hallucinations; Humans; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-R | 1965 |