deslorelin and Ovarian-Cysts

The study uniquely described the clinical value of transabdominal ultrasonography for monitoring features characterizing the estrous cycle in female cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus). The reproductive tracts of 21 female, nulliparous, and relatively aged (median: 11 and interquartile range: 9.25-14 years) captive cheetahs resident on two sites in Namibia were assessed by transabdominal ultrasound. Subsequently, the ovarian findings on ultrasound were compared with direct visualization while performing laparoscopic sterilization. A combination of these observations supported by concurrent sampling for vaginal cytology and serum progesterone concentrations defined the estrous status of individual animals. At one site, six cheetahs had been implanted with the GnRH agonist, deslorelin as a contraceptive at least once within the preceding 11 years. On ultrasound, 31 uterine horns and 35 ovaries with discernible structures on 28 (86%) were visualized in the 21 cheetahs. The uterine body was difficult to visualize because of its intrapelvic location. Eleven of 19 uteri (58%) visualized showed endometrial edema suggestive of estrogenization. The uteri of four cheetahs (19%) showed evidence of mild cystic endometrial hyperplasia. Paraovarian cysts were seen on ultrasound (n = 21) and laparoscopy (n = 26) in 16 (76.2%) and 18 (85.7%) cheetahs, respectively. Ovarian volumes obtained from ultrasonographically determined dimensions predicted cyclic activity. Laparoscopy showed that 19 ovaries had discernible follicular structures. In the study population, 10 (47.6%) cheetahs were in proestrus or estrus; none in the luteal phase; and 11 (52.4%) in anestrus. Transabdominal ultrasound, in combination with serum progesterone concentrations and vaginal cytology, was used with acceptable accuracy to assess cyclic ovarian activity in captive cheetahs. A considerable proportion of this aged population showed ovarian activity and the prevalence of paraovarian cysts was notable. A history of prior deslorelin treatment was not associated with either reproductive activity or uterine pathology.

Topics: Acinonyx; Aging; Animals; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Laparoscopy; Ovarian Cysts; Ovary; Triptorelin Pamoate; Ultrasonography; Uterus; Vagina

A 7-year-old female Bernese Mountain dog was presented for treatment to prevent oestrus. One 4.7-mg deslorelin implant was injected S/C between the shoulder blades. Three months later, the dog was re-examined because of prolonged oestrus.. Ultrasound showed multiple thin-walled cysts on both ovaries. Blood samples were taken at various intervals during the following weeks. Concentrations of oestradiol and vaginal smears indicated pro-oestrus. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinising hormone (LH) remained at basal concentrations.. Follicular cysts and prolonged oestrus.. Two treatments of 360 IU human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) were administered 42 days apart, that induced a partial or complete degeneration of the cysts. However, concentrations of oestradiol rose again within a few weeks. After the second treatment with hCG the bitch developed pyometra. After successful conservative treatment with antibiotics and aglepristone the dog underwent ovariohysterectomy.. Slow-release biocompatible implants containing deslorelin provide an opportunity for effective contraception for male dogs. Some authors describe deslorelin also as safe and efficacious for the use in female dogs but those recommendations are derived from few studies, with a small number of animals. Based on the outcome of this case and the experience of other authors we suggest a complete gynaecological examination be performed before implanting deslorelin, and weighing the risks against the advantages in controlling fertility. It is well known that the risk of induction of oestrus can be reduced when implants are administered at concentrations of progesterone in plasma of ≥16.0 pmol/L. The implant should be administered S/C, cranial and close to the umbilicus, to have the option of relocation and excision if necessary.

Topics: Animals; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dogs; Drug Implants; Enzyme Inhibitors; Estradiol; Estrus; Female; Hysterectomy; Luteinizing Hormone; Ovarian Cysts; Ovariectomy; Progesterone; Pyometra; Reproductive Control Agents; Triptorelin Pamoate

Topics: Animals; Drug Implants; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Guinea Pigs; Ovarian Cysts; Rodent Diseases; Triptorelin Pamoate