deoxycholic-acid and Skin-Neoplasms

Fusarium species are the second leading cause of disseminated mold infections in immunocompromised patients. The high mortality caused by such infections is attributed to the high resistance of Fusarium species to current antifungal agents. We report the first case of disseminated fusariosis after the use of alemtuzumab, an anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody, in a patient who presented with striking cutaneous and oral cavity lesions. Case reports of combination antifungal therapy for disseminated fusariosis in immunocompromised patients were reviewed. Among 19 published cases in the last 10 years plus this patient, the patients in 14 cases (70%) responded positively to combination antifungal therapy. A clinical response was achieved in seven cases before resolution of neutropenia.

Topics: Adult; Alemtuzumab; Amphotericin B; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antifungal Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Combined Modality Therapy; Deoxycholic Acid; Drug Combinations; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fever; Fusariosis; Fusarium; Granulocytes; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Leukocyte Transfusion; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Neutropenia; Pyrimidines; Skin Neoplasms; Triazoles; Voriconazole

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is an antimetabolite drug widely used for the treatment of skin cancer. Despite its proven efficacy in treating malignancies, its systemic administration is limited due to severe side effects. To address this issue, topical delivery of 5-FU has been proposed as an alternative approach for the treatment of skin cancer, however, the poor permeability of 5-FU through the skin is still a challenge. Here, we introduced a pH-responsive micellar hydrogel system based on deoxycholic acid micelle (DCA Mic) and carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel (CMC Hyd) to enhance 5-FU efficacy against skin cancer and reduce its systemic side effects by improving its delivery into the skin. The properties of the Mic/Hyd system were determined by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta sizer, atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Drug release studies showed pH-dependent properties of the Hyd. The final formulation was demonstrated to have enhanced anticancer activity than 5-FU against the growth of melanoma cells. The 5-FU@Mic-Hyd could be a promising delivery platform with enhanced efficacy in the management of skin cancer without systemic toxicity.

Topics: Chitosan; Delayed-Action Preparations; Deoxycholic Acid; Drug Carriers; Drug Delivery Systems; Fluorouracil; Humans; Hydrogels; Melanoma; Micelles; Skin Neoplasms; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared

Topics: Cheek; Deoxycholic Acid; Hemangioma; Hemangioma, Capillary; Humans; Infant; Lasers, Dye; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Adipose Tissue; Adolescent; Cholagogues and Choleretics; Deoxycholic Acid; Female; Fibrosis; Hemangioma, Capillary; Humans; Injections, Intralesional; Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary; Skin; Skin Neoplasms

Medications in dermatology are used in a variety of different methods and dosages and for numerous different diseases entities that are not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA); however, there are medications that have only recently hit the market that require our attention, as they are either FDA approved for the intended dermatologic use or could be effective in treating conditions that previously have been poorly managed.

Topics: Aminolevulinic Acid; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antineoplastic Agents; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Azetidines; Biphenyl Compounds; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Cosmetic Techniques; Deoxycholic Acid; Dermatologic Agents; Drug Approval; Facial Dermatoses; Humans; Keratosis, Actinic; Melanoma; Oncolytic Virotherapy; Piperidines; Psoriasis; Pyridines; Scalp Dermatoses; Skin Neoplasms; United States; United States Food and Drug Administration

Topics: Administration, Topical; Cerumen; Deoxycholic Acid; Detergents; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Injections, Intralesional; Lipoma; Skin Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome

Tea polyphenols, including (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), have been shown to possess potent antioxidant and anticancer activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of using liposomes for the local delivery, including skin and tumor deposition, of these polyphenols. Liposomes containing egg phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, or anionic species were prepared by a solvent evaporation method and then were subjected to a probe sonicator. The size, zeta potential and entrapment efficiency of these liposomal formulations were determined to provide correlations with results from a subsequent in vivo study. The release rate study showed that inclusion of an anionic species, such as deoxycholic acid (DA) or dicetyl phosphate (DP), increased the permeability of the lipid bilayers, leading to the rapid release of these formulations. No significant increase in skin deposition of catechins was observed after topical application of liposomes. On the other hand, a greater amount of catechins were delivered into the solid tumor by liposomes than by the aqueous solution. The drug release rate and vesicle size of liposomes may influence drug deposition in tumor tissues. The isomers, (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin, showed different physicochemical properties in liposomes and for local deposition in the skin and tumor. Finally, the presence of gallic acid ester in the structure of EGCG significantly increased the tissue uptake of catechins.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Animals; Catechin; Deoxycholic Acid; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug Stability; Injections, Intralesional; Liposomes; Mice; Mice, Nude; Neoplasms, Experimental; Organophosphates; Skin; Skin Neoplasms; Tea

Lipomas are benign neoplasms of mature fat cells. Current treatments are invasive and carry the risk of scarring. Injections of phosphatidylcholine solubilized with deoxycholate, a bile salt, have been used to reduce unwanted accumulations of fat. Recent in vitro and ex vivo investigations indicate that deoxycholate alone causes adipocyte lysis.. We sought to report our experience treating lipomas using subcutaneous deoxycholate injections.. A total of 6 patients presenting with 12 lipomas were treated with intralesional injections of sodium deoxycholate (1.0%, 2.5%, and 5.0%) at intervals of 2 to 20 weeks. Tumor size, cutaneous reactions, and patients' subjective responses were recorded before and after treatment.. All lipomas decreased in size (mean area reduction, 75%; range, 37%-100%) as determined by clinical measurement (with ultrasound confirmation in one lipoma) after an average of 2.2 treatments. Several lipomas fragmented or became softer in addition to decreasing in volume. Adverse effects, including transient burning, erythema, and local swelling, were associated with higher deoxycholate concentrations but resolved without intervention. There was no clear association between deoxycholate concentration and efficacy.. Our clinical experience supports our laboratory investigations demonstrating that deoxycholate, rather than phosphatidylcholine, is the active ingredient in subcutaneously injected formulas used to treat adipose tissue. This small series suggests that low concentration deoxycholate may be a relatively safe and effective treatment for small collections of fat. However, controlled clinical trials will be necessary to substantiate these observations.

Topics: Adult; Deoxycholic Acid; Female; Humans; Injections, Subcutaneous; Lipoma; Male; Skin Neoplasms

The effect of deoxycholic acid on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracenecroton oil carcinogenesis in mouse skin was tested. Painting deoxycholic acid in addition to croton oil during promotion resulted in the earlier appearance of tumors, a greater tumor incidence, and a larger number of tumors per animal. DMBA initiation followed by either deoxycholic acid or solvents during the promotion period produced no tumors. Animals receiving deoxycholic acid or solvents alone developed no tumors.

Topics: 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; Animals; Benz(a)Anthracenes; Croton Oil; Deoxycholic Acid; Drug Interactions; Mice; Neoplasms, Experimental; Rats; Skin Neoplasms; Time Factors

Topics: Animals; Cell Fractionation; Cell Nucleolus; Citrates; Deoxycholic Acid; Mice; Polyethylene Glycols; Sarcoma, Experimental; Skin Neoplasms