deamino-arginine-vasopressin and Urinary-Calculi

To compare the therapeutic efficacy of combined desmopressin and morphine with morphine and placebo on acute renal colic.. In a single blind case-control clinical trial 81 consecutive patients, 54 males and 27 females with the mean age of 30.12 ± 9.88 years, presenting with acute renal colic to the urology emergency unit were studied. The patients were randomly assigned into two groups. The 40 cases were treated with 0.1 mg/kg IM morphine and 60 μg of sublingual desmopressin melt; whereas the 41 controls received the same dose of morphine beside a placebo.. There were no significant statistical differences regarding the mean age, gender, stone size, location and affected side between the two groups. Our results showed a significantly higher acuity of pain in the study group in comparison to the controls at 10, 20 and 30 minutes of receiving the medication (P = .06, .017 and P = .008, respectively).. No superiority was found in adding desmopressin to morphine compared to the traditional treatments (opioids only) in relieving the pain of acute renal colic cases.

Topics: Administration, Sublingual; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Hemostatics; Humans; Male; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Renal Colic; Single-Blind Method; Urinary Calculi; Young Adult

To study the safety and efficacy of intranasal desmopressin and intramuscular tramadol versus pethidine for treatment of renal colic.. A total of 90 adult patients who presented with renal colic to the emergency wards were recruited in this study. The patients were randomly assigned to receive 100 mg intramuscular tramadol, 40µ g intranasal desmopressin, or 40µ g intranasal desmopressin plus 100 mg intramuscular tramadol. The severity of the pain was assessed using Visual Analogue Scale.. The studied patients consisted of 49 men and 41 women with the mean age of 35.20 ± 13.26 years (range, 16 to 82 years). There was no statistically significant difference regarding the mean age (F [2, 89] = 2.98, P = .056) and gender differences (X2 = 3.3, df = 2, P = .19) in three groups. There was also no statistically significant difference considering pain relief in 3 studied groups (P = .2).. We concluded that narcotics such as pethidine cannot be replaced by tramadol in patients with renal colic, but tramadol, desmopressin, or both in combination can reduce pethidine requirement.

Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Analgesics, Opioid; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Male; Meperidine; Middle Aged; Pain Measurement; Renal Colic; Retrospective Studies; Tramadol; Treatment Outcome; Urinary Calculi; Young Adult

In the last few years, there have been reports that children with nocturnal enuresis frequently have hypercalciuria. Likewise, children with desmopressin-resistant enuresis have recently been reported to have a higher renal concentration capacity than patients with desmopressin-sensitive enuresis.. To study renal function and urinary calcium excretion and to register familial history of enuresis and urolithiasis in a group of children with enuresis, whether responders or nonresponders to desmopressin, followed-up in our hospital.. A cohort of 60 patients (42 boys and 18 girls) who were referred to the hospital because of nocturnal enuresis.. Hypercalciuria was detected in 26 children (43.3 %) and hypocitraturia in eight (13.3 %). The frequency of hypercalciuria was higher in desmopressin-resistant patients than in desmopressin-sensitive patients, but this difference was not statistically significant. Sonographic renal morphological anomalies were detected in 11 children (18.3 %). No differences in renal handling of water were detected when the patients were distributed according to the grade of sensitivity to desmopressin.. In our cohort we found a high frequency of hypercalciuria in children with nocturnal enuresis. No differences were observed in maximal urinary osmolality among desmopressin-resistant and desmopressin-sensitive children.

Topics: Antidiuretic Agents; Calcium; Child; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin; Drug Resistance; Enuresis; Female; Humans; Kidney; Male; Ultrasonography; Urinary Calculi

Patients with renal colic are usually treated in emergency care units or by their family doctors and require immediate diagnosis and treatment. The life-time risk is up to 10 %. The prevalence amounts to 4.7 % in Germany. In addition to confirming the diagnosis and inducing an adequate pain therapy it's very important for patients to be directed correctly and, above all, prevention is important, too. Without treatment the recurrence rate ranges between 50 and 100 %. Particularly, these principals should give useful advice, wherever patients are treated without urological department.

Topics: Analgesics; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Colic; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin; Diclofenac; Emergencies; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Kidney Diseases; Lithotripsy; Pain; Parasympatholytics; Recurrence; Renal Agents; Risk Factors; Ureteral Calculi; Urinary Calculi