deamino-arginine-vasopressin and Ureteral-Obstruction

Diabetes insipidus can be a common cause of polyuria and hydronephrosis in the kidneys. However, there is few reported case of urinary obstruction induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.. A 60-year-old Chinese man came to our hospital with the complaints of polydipsia and polyuria for 1 month. His examination showed chronic kidney disease stage III with eGFR of 48.274 ml/min, and the plasma osmolality was 338.00 mOsm/(kg·H2O) with a urinary osmolality of 163.00 mOsm/(kg·H2O). Moreover, imagological examination of the urinary system showed benign prostatic hyperplasia and hydronephrosis.. He was considered with benign prostatic hyperplasia induced ureter hydronephrosis and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.. He got the transurethral resection of the prostate to alleviate urinary retention.. After that, the urine output gradually decreased, and the administered hydrochlorothiazide was stopped due to the improved renal function.. Our study presents a case of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus caused by urinary obstruction. Differential diagnoses for diabetes insipidus as well as the relationship between nephrogenic diabetes insipidus and urinary obstruction are also considered in this study.

Topics: Antidiuretic Agents; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin; Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Polyuria; Prostatic Hyperplasia; Transurethral Resection of Prostate; Ureteral Obstruction

To evaluate the effects of desmopressin on pressure values inside the pelvis and ureter of the rat following acute obstruction.. By means of a microsurgical technique, 24 male Wistar rats were submitted to ureteral obstruction; pressure inside the ureter was recorded using a cannula and a micrometric glass column. In the treatment group (14 animals) 6 mg/kg of desmopressin were administered 30 min before the beginning of the experiment.. Rats pretreated with desmopressin showed a statistically significant reduction in mean intraureteral pressure following acute obstruction (p = 0.05).. In Wistar rats desmopressin demonstrated a powerful antidiuretic effect, reducing the intraureteral pressure. The experimental model is useful for a better understanding of physiopathology of renal colic and acute obstruction.

Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin; Disease Models, Animal; Male; Muscle Contraction; Pelvis; Pressure; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Renal Agents; Reproducibility of Results; Ureter; Ureteral Obstruction; Urodynamics

The systemic and renal effects of high partial ureteral obstruction were investigated in a new model of experimental hydronephrosis. The test group comprised 12 contralaterally nephrectomized growing male New Zealand rabbits. As compared to the pyelographic findings in 6 unilaterally nephrectomized control animals, the test group could be divided into partially obstructed but non-hydronephrotic and obstructed-hydronephrotic subgroups. Animals of all 3 groups were capable of increasing their weight during the first 2 postoperative months. The mean plasma creatinine concentration remained normal in the obstructed group and even hydronephrosis was compatible with a normal serum creatinine level. As studied during forced hypotonic expansion, the renal response to a vasopressin analogue was significantly different in all 3 animal groups. Reciprocal but less marked differences were noted in the animals' ability to retain water during this test. We conclude that in this experimental model the magnitude of the antidiuretic response is inversely related to the radiologically defined degree of obstruction.

Topics: Animals; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin; Disease Models, Animal; Diuresis; Hydronephrosis; Kidney; Kidney Concentrating Ability; Male; Nephrectomy; Osmolar Concentration; Rabbits; Radiography; Ureteral Obstruction

Maximal renal concentrating capacity was determined with the aid of intranasal desaminocysteine-D-arginine vasopressin, a derivative of natural vasopressin, in 9 infants and 2 children with congenital or acquired pelvioureteral or vesicoureteral stenosis. Urinary tract infection was present in some but not all cases. Immediately postoperatively all 13 renal units displayed rather subnormal maximal renal concentration capacity (355 plus or minus 81 mosm. per kg. or mean plus or minus 1 standard deviation), which was corrected to some extent at the time of removal of the ureteral splint 5 to 10 days later (455 plus or minus 129 mosm. per kg.). Between 5 and 15 months postoperatively all but 1 renal unit displayed further significant increment in maximal renal concentration capacity. This single unit, operated on initially for vesicoureteral reflux secondary to neurogenic bladder, was found to be stenotic at the level of the ureterovesical junction. Routine determination of maximal renal concentration capacity at the time of operation could enable one to judge the kidney drainage postoperatively.

Topics: Arginine Vasopressin; Child; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Kidney Concentrating Ability; Male; Postoperative Care; Prospective Studies; Time Factors; Ureteral Obstruction; Urethral Obstruction