Page last updated: 2024-08-21

d-alpha tocopherol and Schizophrenia

d-alpha tocopherol has been researched along with Schizophrenia in 43 studies

Research

Studies (43)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	5 (11.63)	18.7374
1990's	13 (30.23)	18.2507
2000's	10 (23.26)	29.6817
2010's	14 (32.56)	24.3611
2020's	1 (2.33)	2.80

Authors

Authors	Studies
Andreassen, OA; Bentsen, H; Refsum, H; Solberg, DK	1
Guo, J; Huang, T; Liu, ML; Liu, Z; Meng, HQ; Mu, J; Xie, P; Xu, Y; Zheng, P	1
Du, X; Fang, Z; Liu, ML; Wang, H; Xie, P; Xu, XJ; Zhang, X; Zheng, P; Zhou, J	1
Akhondzadeh, S; Ghaeli, P; Hashemian, F; Hosseini, SH; Jazayeri, M; Khavidaki, SD; Raisi, F; Salmasi, FB; Setareh, MJ	1
Bentsen, H; Bøhmer, T; Gran, JM; Halvorsen, O; Lingjærde, O; Refsum, H; Solberg, DK; Torjesen, PA	1
Frolov, VM; Kut'ko, II; Pavlenko, VV; Pustovoĭ, IuG; Rachkauskas, GS	1
Kadysheva, NM; Kryzhanovskiĭ, GN; Mokhovikov, AN; Mosketi, KV	1
Le, J; Li, Y; Wang, S; Yuan, T	1
Brennan, L; Cotter, DR; Davison, J; O'Gorman, A	1
Bentsen, H; Landrø, NI	1
Bergman, H; Maayan, N; Soares-Weiser, K	1
Burns, NA; Deardorff, OG; Hunter, DR	1
Bentsen, H; Bøhmer, T; Osnes, K; Refsum, H; Solberg, DK	1
Bošković, M; Grabnar, I; Koprivšek, J; Plesničar, BK; Vovk, T	1
Arroll, MA; Neil, J; Wilder, L	1
Andreazza, AC; Berk, M; Dean, O; Kapczinski, F; Magalhães, PV	1
Maayan, N; McGrath, J; Soares-Weiser, K	1
Lerner, V; Miodownik, C	1
Eriksen, SA	1
Arvindakshan, M; Evans, DR; Ghate, M; Mahadik, SP; Ranjekar, PK	1
LEITNER, ZA; MOORE, T; SHARMAN, IM	1
Kotsirilos, V	1
Akkaya, C; Altin, A; Demirci, M; Kirli, S; Sarandol, A; Sarandol, E	1
Gursoy, B; Kirli, S; Sarandöl, E; Sipahioglu, D; Sivrioglu, EY	1
Coupland, N; Nutt, O	1
Adler, LA; Angrist, B; Duncan, E; Lee, M; Peselow, E; Rosenthal, M; Rotrosen, J	1
Campbell, G; MacDonald, E; McCreadie, RG; Paterson, JR; Wiles, D	1
Caligiuri, MP; Lohr, JB	1
Dorevitch, A; Kalian, M; Lerner, V; Shlafman, M	1
Dorevitch, A; Kalian, M; Lerner, V; Shalfman, M	1
Brown, K; Glen, A; Henderson, T; Hukin, S; Johnstone, C; Reid, A; White, T	1
Adler, LA; Duncan, E; Edson, R; Lavori, P; Peselow, E; Rosenthal, M; Rotrosen, J	1
Dorfman-Etrog, P; Hermesh, H; Munitz, H; Prilipko, L; Weizman, A	1
Simpson, GM	1
McGrath, JJ; Soares, KV	2
Kanofsky, JD; Sandyk, R	1
Annable, L; Bradwejn, J; Jones, BD; Shriqui, CL	1
Binková, B; Fojtíková, I; Gebhart, JA; Hanel, I; Klaschka, J; Kocisová, J; Kotĕsovec, F; Kubícek, V; Srám, RJ; Topinka, J	1
Banay-Schwartz, M; Cohen, CG; Deutsch, SI; Leighton, M; Rosse, RB; Scarcella, E; Theut, SK	1
Cadet, JL; Hylton, R; Jeste, DV; Larson, L; Lohr, JB; Lohr, MA; Vidoni, C; Wade, L; Wasli, E; Wyatt, RJ	1
Barnes, AJ; Dormandy, TL; Gutteridge, JM; Stocks, J	1

Reviews

9 review(s) available for d-alpha tocopherol and Schizophrenia

Article	Year
A systematic review of metabolite biomarkers of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia research, 2018, Volume: 195 Topics: Biomarkers; Databases, Bibliographic; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Humans; Lipid Peroxidation; Metabolomics; Schizophrenia; Vitamin E	2018
Vitamin E for antipsychotic-induced tardive dyskinesia. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2018, 01-17, Volume: 1 Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Disease Progression; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Humans; Patient Acceptance of Health Care; Psychotic Disorders; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Schizophrenia; Vitamin E; Vitamins	2018
Nutritional interventions for the adjunctive treatment of schizophrenia: a brief review. Nutrition journal, 2014, Sep-16, Volume: 13 Topics: Acetylcysteine; Antipsychotic Agents; Ascorbic Acid; Databases, Factual; Diet, Gluten-Free; Dietary Supplements; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Folic Acid; Glutamates; Humans; Melatonin; Oxidative Stress; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Schizophrenia; Thioctic Acid; Vitamin B Complex; Vitamin D; Vitamin E	2014
Antioxidant treatments for schizophrenia. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2016, Feb-05, Volume: 2 Topics: Acetylcysteine; Allopurinol; Antioxidants; Antipsychotic Agents; Ascorbic Acid; Dehydroepiandrosterone; Drug Therapy, Combination; Free Radical Scavengers; Ginkgo biloba; Humans; Oxidative Stress; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Schizophrenia; Selegiline; Vitamin E; Vitamins	2016
Vitamin E for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2011, Feb-16, Issue:2 Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Humans; Psychotic Disorders; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Schizophrenia; Vitamin E; Vitamins	2011
Motor symptoms of schizophrenia: is tardive dyskinesia a symptom or side effect? A modern treatment. Current psychiatry reports, 2011, Volume: 13, Issue:4 Topics: Akathisia, Drug-Induced; Antipsychotic Agents; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Ginkgo biloba; Humans; Levetiracetam; Melatonin; Movement Disorders; Neuroprotective Agents; Phytotherapy; Piracetam; Schizophrenia; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin E	2011
The treatment of tardive dyskinesia and tardive dystonia. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 2000, Volume: 61 Suppl 4 Topics: Adult; Akathisia, Drug-Induced; Algorithms; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Clozapine; Decision Trees; Drug Administration Schedule; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Dystonia; Female; Humans; Male; Olanzapine; Pirenzepine; Probability; Reserpine; Risperidone; Schizophrenia; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tetrabenazine; Treatment Outcome; Vitamin E	2000
Vitamin E for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2000, Issue:2 Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Humans; Psychotic Disorders; Schizophrenia; Vitamin E	2000
Vitamin E for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2001, Issue:4 Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Humans; Psychotic Disorders; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Schizophrenia; Vitamin E	2001

Trials

15 trial(s) available for d-alpha tocopherol and Schizophrenia

Article	Year
Comparing the effects of high-dose vitamin E with those of placebo on insulin resistance in patients with schizophrenia treated with olanzapine. Journal of clinical psychopharmacology, 2009, Volume: 29, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; alpha-Tocopherol; Antioxidants; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Blood Glucose; Double-Blind Method; Glycated Hemoglobin; Humans; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Middle Aged; Olanzapine; Oxidative Stress; Schizophrenia; Young Adult	2009
Neurocognitive effects of an omega-3 fatty acid and vitamins E+C in schizophrenia: A randomised controlled trial. Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids, 2018, Volume: 136 Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Ascorbic Acid; Attention; Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Executive Function; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Female; Humans; Male; Mental Status and Dementia Tests; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Treatment Outcome; Vitamin E; Young Adult	2018
A randomized placebo-controlled trial of an omega-3 fatty acid and vitamins E+C in schizophrenia. Translational psychiatry, 2013, Dec-17, Volume: 3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Ascorbic Acid; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Humans; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Treatment Outcome; Vitamin E; Vitamins; Young Adult	2013
Vitamin E and essential polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation in schizophrenia patients treated with haloperidol. Nutritional neuroscience, 2016, Volume: 19, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Antioxidants; Antipsychotic Agents; Biomarkers; Combined Modality Therapy; Delayed-Action Preparations; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; Fatty Acids, Essential; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Haloperidol; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Oleic Acid; Oxidative Stress; Pilot Projects; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Schizophrenia; Vitamin E	2016
Oxidative-antioxidative systems and their relation with serum S100 B levels in patients with schizophrenia: effects of short term antipsychotic treatment. Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry, 2007, Aug-15, Volume: 31, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Ascorbic Acid; Carotenoids; Case-Control Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Malondialdehyde; Middle Aged; Nerve Growth Factors; Oxidative Stress; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; S100 Proteins; Schizophrenia; Superoxide Dismutase; Vitamin E	2007
The impact of omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins E and C supplementation on treatment outcome and side effects in schizophrenia patients treated with haloperidol: an open-label pilot study. Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry, 2007, Oct-01, Volume: 31, Issue:7 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Akathisia, Drug-Induced; Antioxidants; Antipsychotic Agents; Ascorbic Acid; Erythrocytes; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Female; Haloperidol; Humans; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Malondialdehyde; Middle Aged; Pilot Projects; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Superoxide Dismutase; Treatment Outcome; Vitamin E	2007
Vitamin E treatment of tardive dyskinesia. The American journal of psychiatry, 1993, Volume: 150, Issue:9 Topics: Ambulatory Care; Antipsychotic Agents; Double-Blind Method; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Hospitalization; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Placebos; Schizophrenia; Vitamin E	1993
A double-blind placebo-controlled study of vitamin E treatment of tardive dyskinesia. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 1996, Volume: 57, Issue:4 Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Depressive Disorder; Double-Blind Method; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Physical Examination; Placebos; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Schizophrenia; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome; Vitamin E	1996
Treatment of long-term tardive dyskinesia with vitamin E. Biological psychiatry, 1997, Jan-01, Volume: 41, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antipsychotic Agents; Cross-Over Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neurologic Examination; Psychotic Disorders; Schizophrenia; Vitamin E	1997
Lack of effect of vitamin E on serum creatine phosphokinase in patients with long-term tardive dyskinesia. International clinical psychopharmacology, 1997, Volume: 12, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Creatine Kinase; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Schizophrenia; Time Factors; Vitamin E	1997
Vitamin E, lipids, and lipid peroxidation products in tardive dyskinesia. Biological psychiatry, 1998, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12 Topics: Aged; Antipsychotic Agents; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Female; Humans; Lipid Peroxidation; Lipids; Male; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Schizophrenia; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Vitamin E	1998
Long-term treatment effects of vitamin E for tardive dyskinesia. Biological psychiatry, 1998, Jun-15, Volume: 43, Issue:12 Topics: Antioxidants; Antipsychotic Agents; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Schizophrenia; Time Factors; Vitamin E	1998
The effect of vitamin E addition to acute neuroleptic treatment on the emergence of extrapyramidal side effects in schizophrenic patients: an open label study. European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 1999, Volume: 9, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Schizophrenia; Vitamin E	1999
Vitamin E in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia: a double-blind placebo-controlled study. The American journal of psychiatry, 1992, Volume: 149, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antipsychotic Agents; Bipolar Disorder; Double-Blind Method; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Physical Examination; Placebos; Schizophrenia; Vitamin E	1992
Vitamin E in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia: the possible involvement of free radical mechanisms. Schizophrenia bulletin, 1988, Volume: 14, Issue:2 Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Brain; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Administration Schedule; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Free Radicals; Humans; Peroxides; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Random Allocation; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Vitamin E	1988

Other Studies

19 other study(ies) available for d-alpha tocopherol and Schizophrenia

Article	Year
A five-year follow-up study of antioxidants, oxidative stress and polyunsaturated fatty acids in schizophrenia. Acta neuropsychiatrica, 2019, Volume: 31, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; alpha-Tocopherol; Antioxidants; Bilirubin; Biomarkers; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Oxidative Stress; Schizophrenia; Serum Albumin; Uric Acid	2019
GC-MS based metabolomics identification of possible novel biomarkers for schizophrenia in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Molecular bioSystems, 2014, Jul-29, Volume: 10, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; alpha-Tocopherol; Biomarkers; Case-Control Studies; Energy Metabolism; Female; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Humans; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Male; Metabolome; Metabolomics; Multivariate Analysis; Neurotransmitter Agents; Oxidative Stress; Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid; ROC Curve; Schizophrenia; Sorbitol; Young Adult	2014
Metabolite signature for diagnosing major depressive disorder in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Journal of affective disorders, 2016, Volume: 195 Topics: Adult; alpha-Tocopherol; Animals; Biomarkers; Depressive Disorder, Major; Female; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Humans; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Male; Metabolomics; Neurotransmitter Agents; Schizophrenia; Sensitivity and Specificity	2016
Bimodal distribution of polyunsaturated fatty acids in schizophrenia suggests two endophenotypes of the disorder. Biological psychiatry, 2011, Jul-01, Volume: 70, Issue:1 Topics: Acetyltransferases; Adolescent; Adult; alpha-Tocopherol; Case-Control Studies; Cohort Studies; Endophenotypes; Fatty Acid Desaturases; Fatty Acid Elongases; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Female; Humans; Male; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Schizophrenia	2011
[The effect of endovascular laser therapy and antioxidants on the immune status and energy metabolism of patients with treatment-resistant forms of schizophrenia]. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova, 1996, Volume: 96, Issue:2 Topics: alpha-Tocopherol; Antioxidants; Chronic Disease; Combined Modality Therapy; Energy Metabolism; Humans; Hypersensitivity, Delayed; Immunity, Cellular; Laser Therapy; Remission Induction; Schizophrenia; Tocopherols; Vitamin E	1996
[Comparative effectiveness of the combined use of fenazepam, haloperidol, lithium and metabolic preparations in treating the psychopathologic disorders with obsessions in slowly progressive schizophrenia]. Zhurnal nevropatologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova (Moscow, Russia : 1952), 1988, Volume: 88, Issue:10 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; alpha-Tocopherol; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Benzodiazepinones; Chronic Disease; Compulsive Personality Disorder; Drug Evaluation; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Haloperidol; Humans; Lithium; Male; Middle Aged; Niacinamide; Personality Disorders; Psychopathology; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Schizophrenia; Tocopherols; Vitamin E	1988
Effects of Atypical Antipsychotics on Neuroactive Vitamins in Patients With Schizophrenia. Journal of clinical pharmacology, 2020, Volume: 60, Issue:10 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amisulpride; Antipsychotic Agents; Aripiprazole; Case-Control Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Olanzapine; Paliperidone Palmitate; Schizophrenia; Vitamin A; Vitamin D; Vitamin E; Vitamins; Young Adult	2020
Tardive Dyskinesia: Is Vitamin E Singing the Prostate Blues? The primary care companion for CNS disorders, 2018, Apr-12, Volume: 20, Issue:2 Topics: Antioxidants; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Schizophrenia; Tardive Dyskinesia; Vitamin E	2018
[Do fish fats and vitamins have any effect in psychoses?]. Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke, 2003, Mar-06, Volume: 123, Issue:5 Topics: Dietary Fats; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Humans; Psychotic Disorders; Schizophrenia; Vitamin E	2003
Supplementation with a combination of omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants (vitamins E and C) improves the outcome of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia research, 2003, Aug-01, Volume: 62, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fatty Acids, Omega-6; Female; Humans; Male; Quality of Life; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Severity of Illness Index; Vitamin E	2003
VITAMIN A AND VITAMIN E IN HUMAN BLOOD. 3. LEVELS IN PATIENTS IN PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITALS. The British journal of nutrition, 1964, Volume: 18 Topics: Blood Chemical Analysis; Carotenoids; Chromatography; Dementia; Hospitals, Psychiatric; Humans; Hysteria; Intellectual Disability; Mental Disorders; Neurotic Disorders; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Paranoid Disorders; Psychotic Disorders; Schizophrenia; Vitamin A; Vitamin E	1964
Psychotic illness--does complementary medicine have a role in management? Australian family physician, 2006, Volume: 35, Issue:3 Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Complementary Therapies; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Humans; Music Therapy; Psychotic Disorders; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Vitamin E	2006
Successful treatment of tardive oculogyric spasms with vitamin E. Journal of clinical psychopharmacology, 1995, Volume: 15, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Clopenthixol; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Humans; Male; Schizophrenia; Vitamin E	1995
The Nithsdale Schizophrenia Surveys. XIV: Plasma lipid peroxide and serum vitamin E levels in patients with and without tardive dyskinesia, and in normal subjects. The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science, 1995, Volume: 167, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antipsychotic Agents; Cholesterol; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Free Radicals; Health Surveys; Humans; Lipid Peroxidation; Lipid Peroxides; Middle Aged; Neurologic Examination; Reference Values; Schizophrenia; Scotland; Vitamin E	1995
Smoking habits and plasma lipid peroxide and vitamin E levels in never-treated first-episode patients with schizophrenia. The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science, 2000, Volume: 176 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Body Mass Index; Case-Control Studies; Cholesterol; Female; Humans; Lipid Peroxidation; Lipid Peroxides; Male; Middle Aged; Nutritional Status; Schizophrenia; Smoking; Vitamin E	2000
Antioxidants in the treatment of schizophrenia. The International journal of neuroscience, 1992, Volume: 62, Issue:1-2 Topics: Adult; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Brain; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Free Radicals; Humans; Lorazepam; Male; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Vitamin E	1992
Antioxidants effect on alcohol, drugs and aging. Progress in clinical and biological research, 1990, Volume: 340C Topics: Adult; Aged; Aging; Alcoholism; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; DNA Repair; Female; Free Radicals; Genes; Humans; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Middle Aged; Oxygen; Schizophrenia; Vitamin E	1990
Glycine adjuvant therapy to conventional neuroleptic treatment in schizophrenia: an open-label, pilot study. Clinical neuropharmacology, 1989, Volume: 12, Issue:5 Topics: Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic; Adult; Aged; Basal Ganglia Diseases; Benztropine; Chronic Disease; Cognition; Drug Therapy, Combination; Glycine; Haloperidol; Humans; Loxapine; Male; Pilot Projects; Schizophrenia; Thiothixene; Vitamin E	1989
Haemolytic syndrome associated with a red cell lipid abnormality. British medical journal, 1973, May-26, Volume: 2, Issue:5864 Topics: Adult; Aldehydes; Anemia, Hemolytic; Arachidonic Acids; Aspirin; Chromatography, Gas; Codeine; Erythrocytes; Fatty Acids; Hemoglobins; Hemolysis; Humans; Lipids; Male; Malonates; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenacetin; Schizophrenia; Syndrome; Vitamin E	1973