cytochalasin-a and Disease-Resistance

The reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst is the most common plant immunity mechanism to prevent pathogen infection, although the exact role of ROS in plant immunity has not been fully elucidated. We investigated the expression and translocation of

Topics: Ascomycota; Cytochalasins; Disease Resistance; Fungal Proteins; Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Onium Compounds; Oryza; Plant Diseases; Plant Immunity; Plant Proteins; Reactive Oxygen Species

Elucidating resistance mechanisms of plant cells against pathogens is essential to develop novel strategies of disease control. The actin cytoskeleton was found intimately involved in plant defense. In order to reveal how actin would be involved in the interaction between wheat and the stripe rust Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, prior to fungal inoculation, wheat leaves were treated with cytochalasin A, an inhibitor of actin polymerization. Our results showed reduced incidence of hypersensitive cell death and delayed accumulation of H(2)O(2) in wheat leaves treated with cytochalasin A compared to the control. We also found that the TaPRO profilin gene exhibited significantly different expression levels in host leaves when comparing compatible and incompatible interactions. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that the expression transcript of TaPRO was lower at each time point in incompatible interactions when compared to compatible ones, and the largest difference between the two interactions occurred at 12 h post-inoculation. Both pharmacological and gene expression results collectively support the notion that the compromise of the actin microfilament is linked to the compatible interaction between the stripe rust fungus and the leaves of its wheat host.

Topics: Actin Cytoskeleton; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Basidiomycota; Cell Death; Cytochalasins; Disease Resistance; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Genes, Plant; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Hydrogen Peroxide; Microfilament Proteins; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; Plant Diseases; Plant Leaves; Plant Proteins; Profilins; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Triticum