cysteinyldopa and Kidney-Failure--Chronic

Diffuse hyperpigmentation is common in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD). We previously reported that serum levels of 5-S-cysteinyldopa (5SCD, a pheomelanin precursor) and pheomelanin were significantly elevated in HD patients.. Skin color was assessed using a Mexameter that measures the melanin index (MI) and the erythema index (EI). The upper inner arms (non-sun-exposed site) and the foreheads (sun-exposed site) of HD and PD patients and control subjects were analyzed.. MI values on the upper inner arms and on the foreheads of HD and PD patients were significantly higher than in controls. In HD patients, significant correlations were found for serum 5SCD levels with MI and EI on the upper inner arm, and for EI on the forehead. In PD patients, no such correlations were found.. Hyperpigmentation in HD patients results partly from accumulation of pheomelanin in the skin.

Topics: Aged; Cysteinyldopa; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Melanins; Middle Aged; Peritoneal Dialysis; Renal Dialysis; Skin Pigmentation

Diffuse hyperpigmentation is common among patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis (HD). We have examined serum levels of 5-S-cysteinyldopa (5SCD, a pheomelanin precursor), pheomelanin, eumelanin, and protein-bound (PB-) 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) and PB-5SCD in HD patients.. Pheomelanin and eumelanin were assayed by chemical degradation methods.. Serum levels of free 5SCD in HD patients (n = 16) were 9-fold higher than in healthy controls (n = 16). Levels of pheomelanin in HD patients were 2.6-fold higher than in controls, while levels of eumelanin did not differ between HD patients and controls. Levels of PB-DOPA and PB-5SCD in HD patients were approximately 1.5-fold higher than in controls. Serum levels of free 5SCD were positively correlated to the duration of HD therapy.. The high constitutive levels of free 5SCD, pheomelanin, and PB-DOPA in the blood may be deteriorating in HD patients through the production of reactive oxygen species.

Topics: Biomarkers; Cysteinyldopa; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Melanins; Pigments, Biological; Reactive Oxygen Species; Renal Dialysis

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cysteinyldopa; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Melanoma; Middle Aged; Skin Neoplasms