cymarine and Coronary-Disease

Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Animals; Calcium; Cats; Cell Membrane; Coronary Disease; Cymarine; Digitalis Glycosides; Digoxin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Energy Metabolism; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Myocardial Contraction; Myocardium; Potassium; Rats; Strophanthins

The influence of 2 different cardiac pharmaceutics on the diastolic ventricular function (VF) in patients with ischaemic heart disease was examined. Diltiazem, a calcium antagonist, and k-strophanthine led to a reduction of time constant T of the isovolumic relaxation from 49 +/- 9 to 39 +/- 7 msec (p less than 0.005), to an increase of the quotient dt/T from 2.4 +/- 0.5 to 3.0 +/- 0.6 msec (p less than 0.01), to an increase of the peak filling rate (PFR) from 2.08 +/- 0.65 EDV/sec to 2.34 +/- 0.67 EDV/sec (p less than 0.001), to an increase of the filling fraction (FF) from 30 +/- 12% to 33 +/- 15% (p less than 0.001). The ejection fraction (EF) and the maximum rise of pressure dp/dt did not change significantly. After k-strophanthine T was reduced from 49 +/- 7 to 46 +/- 11 msec (p less than 0.05). The increase of dt/T from 2.5 +/- 0.4 to 2.7 +/- 0.4 msec was not significant. The PFR with 2.16 +/- 0.7 and 2.08 +/- 0.8 EDV/sec and the FF with 32 +/- 14 and 34 +/- 18% did not show any significant changes. The EF rose from 52 +/- 15 to 55 +/- 16 (p less than 0.05) and dp/dt rose from 1855 +/- 468 to 2124 +/- 591 (p less than 0.05). Diltiazem improves the diastolic VF without deteriorating the systolic VF in patients with ischaemic heart disease. K-strophanthine improves the systolic VF and the velocity of the isovolumic relaxation. The other variables of the diastolic VF did not show any directed changes.

Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Catheterization; Coronary Disease; Cymarine; Diastole; Diltiazem; Humans; Middle Aged; Myocardial Contraction; Stroke Volume; Strophanthins

To determine the diastolic function of the left ventricle, the peak filling rate (PFR), the filling fraction (FF) and the time to peak filling rate normalized by the RR interval (TPFR/RR) were measured by means of a conventional gamma camera computer system and a mobile ventricular probe (nuclearstethoscope). In a part of the patients moreover indices of the isovolumic relaxation were measured by invasive methods. In the first part of the investigation the correlation of the variables measured by the gamma camera and the ventricular probe and the intraobserver reliability of measurements by the ventricular probe were examined. Besides, the interactions between the variables of the isovolumic relaxation and the ventricular filling were investigated. A close correlation was found between the indices of the diastolic function measured by the Anger-camera and the ventricular probe (p less than 0,01). The intra-observer reliability of the dates measured by the nuclearstethoscope proved to be a good one. A significant correlation between the time constant of isovolumic relaxation (T) and the quotient dt/T on the one hand and the variables of the diastolic filling on the other hand has been proved. In the second part of the investigation the diastolic variables in normals and in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) were measured. By means of the PFR and the FF normals could be distinguished from patients with CHD at a relatively high percentage. Differences between normals and patients with CHD could be shown by the diastolic variables exposed to dynamic stress and atrial pacing and a pharmacologic stress with dipyridamole. Finally the influence of diltiazem and k-strophantin on the diastolic function of the left ventricle was examined. Diltiazem caused an improvement of the diastolic variables without deteriorating the diastolic function. K-strophantin enhances the systolic function of the ventricle thus causing a slight improvement of the isovolumic relaxation. It is concluded that the diastolic variables measured by radionuclides have to be regarded as an important contribution to the diagnosis and the estimation of the ventricular function in patients with CHD.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Catheterization; Cardiac Output; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; Cardiac Volume; Coronary Disease; Cymarine; Diastole; Diltiazem; Dipyridamole; Exercise Test; Heart Ventricles; Hemodynamics; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muscle Relaxation; Myocardial Contraction; Radionuclide Imaging

Experiments on rats were made to study the character of rhythmical activity of intact heart and heart with abnormal reactivity under electrical stimulation of the blue spot (BS) and formation in it of the generator of pathologically enhanced excitation (GPEE) by penicillin microinjections. Hyperactivation of the BS by electrostimulation or formation of the GPEE led to the same disorders of rhythmical activity. Provoking changes in intact heart rhythm according to the tachycardia type, hyperactivation of the BS was accompanied by various arrhythmias under abnormalities of the heart regulatory mechanisms proper. It is assumed that hyperactivation of the BS may initiate cardiac rhythm disturbances. The dependence of the realization of pathological process on the changes in control apparatus function and target organ reactivity is stressed.

Topics: Animals; Coronary Disease; Cymarine; Electric Stimulation; Epinephrine; Heart; Heart Diseases; Heart Rate; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Penicillins; Rats