cyclobenzaprine has been researched along with Ache in 16 studies
cyclobenzaprine: RN given refers to parent cpd; Lisseril is synonymous for HCl; structure
cyclobenzaprine : 5-Methylidene-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene in which one of the hydrogens of the methylidene group is substituted by a 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl group. A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant, it is used as its hydrochloride salt in the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "To evaluate the efficacy and safety of TNX-102 SL, a once-nightly sublingual formulation of cyclobenzaprine, in reducing pain in patients with fibromyalgia (FM)." | 9.69 | Efficacy and Safety of Sublingual Cyclobenzaprine for the Treatment of Fibromyalgia: Results From a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. ( Arnold, LM; Kelley, M; Lederman, S; Sullivan, GM; Vaughn, B, 2023) |
| "A double blind, placebo controlled, crossover design study examined overnight sleep physiology, pain, fatigue, and mood symptoms in 12 patients with fibromyalgia treated with cyclobenzaprine." | 9.07 | The effects of cyclobenzaprine on sleep physiology and symptoms in patients with fibromyalgia. ( Lue, FA; Moldofsky, H; Reynolds, WJ; Saskin, P, 1991) |
| "All RCTs and quasi-RCTs reporting use of cyclobenzaprine for treating MP with pain assessment as a primary or secondary outcome." | 8.85 | Cyclobenzaprine for the treatment of myofascial pain in adults. ( Andriolo, RB; Atallah, AN; da Silva, EM; El Dib, R; Grossmann, E; Januzzi, E; Leite, FM, 2009) |
| "To systematically review the effectiveness of cyclobenzaprine in the treatment of fibromyalgia." | 8.82 | Treatment of fibromyalgia with cyclobenzaprine: A meta-analysis. ( Jackson, JL; O'Malley, PG; Tofferi, JK, 2004) |
| "This post-hoc analysis examined time to recovery in patients with acute, painful musculoskeletal conditions following cyclobenzaprine extended release (CER; AMRIX(®), Cephalon, Inc." | 7.77 | Time to recovery in patients with acute painful musculoskeletal conditions treated with extended-release or immediate-release cyclobenzaprine. ( Altman, CA; Landy, S; Xie, F, 2011) |
| "To evaluate the efficacy and safety of TNX-102 SL, a once-nightly sublingual formulation of cyclobenzaprine, in reducing pain in patients with fibromyalgia (FM)." | 5.69 | Efficacy and Safety of Sublingual Cyclobenzaprine for the Treatment of Fibromyalgia: Results From a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. ( Arnold, LM; Kelley, M; Lederman, S; Sullivan, GM; Vaughn, B, 2023) |
| "A double blind, placebo controlled, crossover design study examined overnight sleep physiology, pain, fatigue, and mood symptoms in 12 patients with fibromyalgia treated with cyclobenzaprine." | 5.07 | The effects of cyclobenzaprine on sleep physiology and symptoms in patients with fibromyalgia. ( Lue, FA; Moldofsky, H; Reynolds, WJ; Saskin, P, 1991) |
| "All RCTs and quasi-RCTs reporting use of cyclobenzaprine for treating MP with pain assessment as a primary or secondary outcome." | 4.85 | Cyclobenzaprine for the treatment of myofascial pain in adults. ( Andriolo, RB; Atallah, AN; da Silva, EM; El Dib, R; Grossmann, E; Januzzi, E; Leite, FM, 2009) |
| "To systematically review the effectiveness of cyclobenzaprine in the treatment of fibromyalgia." | 4.82 | Treatment of fibromyalgia with cyclobenzaprine: A meta-analysis. ( Jackson, JL; O'Malley, PG; Tofferi, JK, 2004) |
| "Cyclobenzaprine is a skeletal muscle relaxant primarily used in the treatment of pain." | 3.91 | Transfer of Cyclobenzaprine into Human Milk and Subsequent Infant Exposure. ( Baker, T; Burra, B; Datta, P; Hale, TW; Rewers-Felkins, K, 2019) |
| " We report an unusual case of a patient who experienced symptoms of delirium and hyperkinetic movement disorders shortly after initiating treatment with cyclobenzaprine and oxycodone." | 3.79 | Neuropsychiatric side effects of cyclobenzaprine. ( Sederholm, B; Shprecher, D; Sloan, CT, 2013) |
| "This post-hoc analysis examined time to recovery in patients with acute, painful musculoskeletal conditions following cyclobenzaprine extended release (CER; AMRIX(®), Cephalon, Inc." | 3.77 | Time to recovery in patients with acute painful musculoskeletal conditions treated with extended-release or immediate-release cyclobenzaprine. ( Altman, CA; Landy, S; Xie, F, 2011) |
| "We conclude that patients with fibrositis have a neurotransmitter plasma profile like other chronic pain states having stress and increased vasomotor activity with the possible exception of having low circulating epinephrine." | 2.66 | The plasma endorphin, prostaglandin and catecholamine profile of patients with fibrositis treated with cyclobenzaprine and placebo: a 5-month study. ( Hamaty, D; Howard, CW; Howard, R; Patten, MS; Valentine, JL; Wakefield, V, 1989) |
| "Pain is associated with myriad medical conditions and affects millions of Americans." | 2.41 | Pharmacologic management of chronic pain. ( Argoff, CE, 2002) |
| "Cyclobenzaprine effectively treated our patient's LAS." | 1.38 | Treatment of levator ani syndrome with cyclobenzaprine. ( Kunka, CA; Ota, KS; Sheikh, M, 2012) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 2 (12.50) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 1 (6.25) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 5 (31.25) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 6 (37.50) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 2 (12.50) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Lederman, S | 1 |
| Arnold, LM | 1 |
| Vaughn, B | 1 |
| Kelley, M | 1 |
| Sullivan, GM | 1 |
| Bansal, V | 1 |
| Aranke, M | 1 |
| Vu, P | 1 |
| Javed, S | 1 |
| Burra, B | 1 |
| Datta, P | 1 |
| Rewers-Felkins, K | 1 |
| Baker, T | 1 |
| Hale, TW | 1 |
| Shprecher, D | 1 |
| Sloan, CT | 1 |
| Sederholm, B | 1 |
| Patel, D | 1 |
| Naik, S | 1 |
| Chuttani, K | 1 |
| Mathur, R | 1 |
| Mishra, AK | 1 |
| Misra, A | 1 |
| Macfarlane, GJ | 1 |
| Kronisch, C | 1 |
| Dean, LE | 1 |
| Atzeni, F | 1 |
| Häuser, W | 1 |
| Fluß, E | 1 |
| Choy, E | 1 |
| Kosek, E | 1 |
| Amris, K | 1 |
| Branco, J | 1 |
| Dincer, F | 1 |
| Leino-Arjas, P | 1 |
| Longley, K | 1 |
| McCarthy, GM | 1 |
| Makri, S | 1 |
| Perrot, S | 1 |
| Sarzi-Puttini, P | 1 |
| Taylor, A | 1 |
| Jones, GT | 1 |
| Leite, FM | 1 |
| Atallah, AN | 1 |
| El Dib, R | 1 |
| Grossmann, E | 1 |
| Januzzi, E | 1 |
| Andriolo, RB | 1 |
| da Silva, EM | 1 |
| Landy, S | 1 |
| Altman, CA | 1 |
| Xie, F | 1 |
| Sheikh, M | 1 |
| Kunka, CA | 1 |
| Ota, KS | 1 |
| Argoff, CE | 1 |
| Tofferi, JK | 1 |
| Jackson, JL | 1 |
| O'Malley, PG | 1 |
| Rosenlicht, NZ | 1 |
| Riley-Lazo, KP | 1 |
| Lofland, JH | 1 |
| Szarlej, D | 1 |
| Buttaro, T | 1 |
| Shermock, S | 1 |
| Jalali, S | 1 |
| Reynolds, WJ | 1 |
| Moldofsky, H | 1 |
| Saskin, P | 1 |
| Lue, FA | 1 |
| Hamaty, D | 1 |
| Valentine, JL | 1 |
| Howard, R | 1 |
| Howard, CW | 1 |
| Wakefield, V | 1 |
| Patten, MS | 1 |
| Goldenberg, DL | 1 |
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benefits of Kinesio Taping and Inhibitory Treatment Techniques in Patients With Fibromyalgia Syndrome[NCT02859467] | 64 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2016-08-31 | Suspended | |||
| Museums as Health Spaces: Design and Evaluation of the Effectiveness of an Arts in Health Intervention to Improve the Quality of Life and Functional Capacity Regarding the Pain of People With Fibromyalgia. Mixed Methodology Study.[NCT05993663] | 121 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2023-10-02 | Recruiting | |||
| Effects of Manipulative Therapy in the Lower Thoracic and Cervical Spine in Subjects With Fibromyalgia Syndrome[NCT02864524] | 64 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2016-08-31 | Active, not recruiting | |||
| Effectiveness of Pain Neuroscience Education and Strength Training Program in Patients With Fibromyalgia[NCT04855851] | 60 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2022-03-01 | Recruiting | |||
| A Pilot Study of Small Fiber Neuropathy Prevalence in Fibromyalgia Patients Compared to Healthy Subjects Using Sudoscan®[NCT03347669] | 100 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2017-11-06 | Recruiting | |||
| Effectiveness of High-intensity Interval Training Combined With Resistance Training in Patients With Fibromyalgia[NCT03924960] | 55 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2019-04-22 | Completed | |||
| Effectiveness of Spinal Manipulation in Addition to Standard Pharmacological Treatment in Fibromyalgia : A Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial[NCT04673058] | 60 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2021-01-26 | Completed | |||
| Evaluation of the Efficiency of a Therapeutic Education Program in Standardized Thermal Cure for Fibromyalgia Patients[NCT02406313] | 152 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2015-03-31 | Active, not recruiting | |||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
5 reviews available for cyclobenzaprine and Ache
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Acupuncture Therapy; Amitriptyline; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroi | 2017 |
Cyclobenzaprine for the treatment of myofascial pain in adults.
Topics: Adult; Amitriptyline; Anesthetics, Local; Clonazepam; Fascia; Humans; Lidocaine; Muscle Relaxants, C | 2009 |
Pharmacologic management of chronic pain.
Topics: Amitriptyline; Analgesics; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analgesics, Opioid; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, N | 2002 |
Treatment of fibromyalgia with cyclobenzaprine: A meta-analysis.
Topics: Amitriptyline; Databases, Factual; Fatigue; Female; Fibromyalgia; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muscle | 2004 |
A review of the role of tricyclic medications in the treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome.
Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Biomechanical Phenomena; Clinical Trials as Topic; | 1989 |
4 trials available for cyclobenzaprine and Ache
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Efficacy and Safety of Sublingual Cyclobenzaprine for the Treatment of Fibromyalgia: Results From a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
Topics: Double-Blind Method; Fibromyalgia; Humans; Pain; Pain Measurement; Treatment Outcome | 2023 |
The effects of cyclobenzaprine on sleep physiology and symptoms in patients with fibromyalgia.
Topics: Adult; Affect; Amitriptyline; Double-Blind Method; Fatigue; Female; Fibromyalgia; Humans; Male; Midd | 1991 |
The plasma endorphin, prostaglandin and catecholamine profile of patients with fibrositis treated with cyclobenzaprine and placebo: a 5-month study.
Topics: Adult; Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; beta-Endorphin; Catecholamines; Dinoprostone | 1989 |
A review of the role of tricyclic medications in the treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome.
Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Biomechanical Phenomena; Clinical Trials as Topic; | 1989 |
8 other studies available for cyclobenzaprine and Ache
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Serotonin syndrome from combination hydrocodone and cyclobenzaprine in a patient with cerebral palsy.
Topics: Cerebral Palsy; Female; Humans; Hydrocodone; Middle Aged; Pain; Serotonin Syndrome | 2023 |
Transfer of Cyclobenzaprine into Human Milk and Subsequent Infant Exposure.
Topics: Adult; Amitriptyline; Breast Feeding; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Mass | 2019 |
Neuropsychiatric side effects of cyclobenzaprine.
Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents; Delirium; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Movement Disorders; Muscl | 2013 |
Intranasal delivery of cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride-loaded thiolated chitosan nanoparticles for pain relief.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Amitriptyline; Animals; Brain; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Chemistr | 2013 |
Time to recovery in patients with acute painful musculoskeletal conditions treated with extended-release or immediate-release cyclobenzaprine.
Topics: Acute Disease; Administration, Oral; Adult; Amitriptyline; Delayed-Action Preparations; Disorders of | 2011 |
Treatment of levator ani syndrome with cyclobenzaprine.
Topics: Adult; Amitriptyline; Anus Diseases; Humans; Male; Muscle Relaxants, Central; Pain | 2012 |
Interactions of cyclobenzaprine and tricyclic antidepressants.
Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Depressive Disorder; Drug Interactions; Humans; Mal | 2005 |
Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride is a commonly prescribed centrally acting muscle relaxant, which is structurally similar to tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and differs from amitriptyline by only one double bond.
Topics: Adult; Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Chronic Disease; Drug Therapy, Combination; | 2001 |