cyclin-d1 and Carcinoma--Verrucous

To assess the expression of cyclin D1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and verrucous carcinoma (VC), to compare its expression in both of these carcinomas, and to investigate the possible correlation of cyclin D1 expression in different histological grades of OSCC.. Paraffin embedded tissues from 71 cases of OSCC and VC were studied immunohistochemically. Expression of protein was correlated between the 2 entities and in different grades of OSCC.. Cyclin D1 overexpression was seen in 29 cases (70.7%) of OSCC and in 19 cases (63.3%) of verrucous carcinoma. Statistical significance at the 5% level was observed for cyclin D1 expression between all categories of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), that is, between well-differentiated and moderately differentiated carcinomas, and between moderate and poorly differentiated carcinomas, and well and poorly differentiated squamous carcinomas. No statistical significance was observed in cyclin D1 expression between SCC and oral verrucous carcinoma; however, statistical significance was seen between oral VC and poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma.. Increased expression of cyclin D1 significantly correlated with lack of differentiation in these malignant epithelial neoplasms.

Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Carcinoma, Verrucous; Cyclin D1; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Mouth Neoplasms; Paraffin Embedding; Statistics, Nonparametric

Verrucous carcinoma (VC) is a locally invasive, nonmetastasizing variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with distinct clinical and histologic features. Molecular alterations detectable by immunohistochemical analyses in VC have not been extensively studied. This study investigates the expression of p53, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha), and cyclin D1 in VC, verrucous hyperplasia (VH), and classic SCC of the head and neck. Twenty-six cases of VC, 12 cases of SCC of various differentiations, and 4 cases of VH were studied. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archival material was used for immunohistochemistry (avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase technique) to study the expression of oncogenes and their tumor markers. Identification of p53 protein was found in 100% of VH, 88% of VC, and 100% of SCC. EGFR expression was noted in 25% of VH, 54% of VC, 40% of well-differentiated SCC (WDSCC), and 100% of moderately and poorly differentiated SCC (MDSCC/PDSCC). TGF-alpha was detected in 25% of VH, 88% of VC, 80% WDSCC, and 100% of MDSCC/PDSCC. Cyclin-D1 expression was seen in 75% of VH, 35% of VC, 100% of WDSCC, 67% of MDSCC, and 50% of PDSCC. Correlation between the level of expression of all markers and the grade of this group of squamous lesions revealed statistically significant correlation coefficients for p53 and EGFR but not for TGF-alpha and cyclin D1.

Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Carcinoma, Verrucous; Cell Differentiation; Cyclin D1; Epithelium; ErbB Receptors; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Hyperplasia; Immunohistochemistry; Transforming Growth Factor alpha; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53

The verrucous carcinoma (VC), a tumor with low grade malignancy, appears to be associated with tobacco and human papillomavirus. The pathobiology of these tumors has not been extensively studied, and molecular genetic alterations have not been reported. In this study we investigated by immunohistochemistry the expression of p53, Rb, and cyclin D1 in a series of well-defined oral VC. Changes in the expression of these genes have been commonly reported in a variety of human tumors.. We studied 29 cases of VC, fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin. Immunohistochemistry was carried out using the avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase technique. Polyclonal antibody CM-1 was used for p53, a rabbit polyclonal human RB antibody, Rb-WL-1 antibody for Rb and a rabbit polyclonal human cyclin D antibody for cyclin D1.. Positive p53 expression (protein accumulation) was detected in 15 of the 29 VC analyzed. In some cases, p53-positive areas were small foci but in most of the cases extensive positive areas were observed. None of the cases studied showed alterations of Rb protein. The expression of cyclin D1 was determined in 18 cases of VC. Positive nuclear immunostaining was seen in 11 cases.. p53 protein accumulation is frequently observed in these tumors suggesting possible mutations of this gene in VC. Overexpression of cyclin D1 but no alterations of Rb staining were also observed in this low grade tumor suggesting that Rb may be functionally inactivated by overexpression of cyclin D1 or HPV infection.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Verrucous; Cyclin D1; Cyclins; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Neoplasms; Oncogene Proteins; Retinoblastoma Protein; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53