cyclic-gmp and Gastritis

As a result of a complex survey of 120 patients with erosive gastroduodenal affections, significant abnormalities of the aggressive-protective balance of the mucous coat of the stomach were discovered. In addition to affections of local protection factors, the change of the hormonal status characterized by hypercortisolemia, hyperinsulinemia, hypergastrinemia and increased level of such cyclic nucleotides as cAMP and cGMP was revealed. The dependence of the mucus-producing function, lysozyme activity and acid production on the level of blood hormones was discovered. Alternate dependencies of cortisol, insulin and gastrin levels on cAMP and cGMP levels as well as alternate impact of cAMP and cGMP on acid-producing gastric cells were established.

Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Duodenitis; Duodenum; Female; Gastrins; Gastritis; Guanylate Cyclase; Hormones; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Insulin; Male; Middle Aged; Stomach

Cyclic GMP plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis in the gastric mucosa. NSAIDs damage the mucosa by mechanisms that may be mediated by alterations in the intragastric concentration of cyclic GMP. To test this hypothesis we studied the effects of the oral administration of acetylsalicylic acid (100, 300, and 500 mg/kg), piroxicam (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) and sodium diclofenac (10, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg), and of their interaction with zaprinast (5 mg/kg) and IBMX (10 mg/kg), on intragastric concentrations of cyclic GMP and the gastric erosive index in rats. All determinations were done 3 hr after the NSAID was given. All NSAIDs induced dose-dependent decreases in mucosal concentrations of cyclic GMP, which correlated inversely with the surface area showing mucosal injury. In contrast, cyclic GMP concentrations remained normal, and no intragastric damage was seen in rats given zaprinast (cyclic GMP-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor) or IBMX (non-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor) or in combination with NSAIDs. These findings are in line with the hypothesis that cyclic GMP is involved in the biochemical mechanisms of NSAID-induced gastric injury.

Topics: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Cyclic GMP; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Gastric Mucosa; Gastritis; Male; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Primary Prevention; Purinones; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sensitivity and Specificity

A study of the content of cyclic nucleotides in patients with chronic gastritis indicates that the level of cAMP and cGMP undergoes various changes. The cGMP/cAMP ratio was in gastritis of the A type higher than in the healthy and in the B gastritis type lower. It is concluded that chronic gastritis is accompanied not only by changes of absolute values of the level of cyclic nucleotides but also by changes of the cGMP/cAMP ratio.

Topics: Adult; Chronic Disease; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Gastric Mucosa; Gastritis; Humans; Middle Aged; Radioimmunoassay