cyclic-gmp and Airway-Obstruction

We talk about a hypersensitive bronchial system, when under certain endogen prepositions or exogen influences, upon which a healthy persons reacts hardly or not at all, it comes to a significant raise of the airway resistances. Probably this is the prestadium of a chronic obstructive airway disease, which often occurs with patients suffering from an existant bronchial disease. Therefore it is important for actual clinical practice to discuss those problems, which interfere with the raise of sensitivity of the bronchial airways. The discussion should be based on the actual state of science, because several therapeutic problems and consequences ensue.

Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Adenylyl Cyclases; Airway Obstruction; Allergens; Asthma; Bacterial Infections; Bronchi; Bronchial Provocation Tests; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Parasympatholytics; Pulmonary Embolism; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; Virus Diseases

Topics: Airway Obstruction; Asthma; Autonomic Nervous System; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Epinephrine; Humans; Hypoxia; Muscle, Smooth; Parasympathomimetics; Receptors, Adrenergic

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Airway Obstruction; Asthma; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Humans; Male; Psychology

The aim of this study was to measure the effects of an increase in negative intrathoracic pressure on the release of ANF. With the subjects seated comfortably, 3 control blood samples were obtained over 30 minutes. Eight subjects then breathed for 30 min. through an inspiratory resistance in such a way that maximal inspiratory pleural pressures were between -30 to -40 cmH2O. Three blood samples were withdrawn after 20, 25, and 30 min., with the subject still breathing against the artificial resistance. Plasma concentrations of ANF were analysed by RIA. They measured: control value 24.6 +/- 3.7 pg ANF/mL (X +/- SE); with resistance 37.1 +/- 8.1 pg/mL (p less than or equal to .05). These results suggest that ANF could be released during an asthma attack.

Topics: Adult; Airway Obstruction; Airway Resistance; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Blood Pressure; Catecholamines; Cyclic GMP; Female; Humans; Male; Pulse; Renin

Asthmatic children suffering from nocturnal asthmatic paroxysms showed not only a reduced peak exspiratory flow rate (PEER) but also a diminished excretion of cyclic AMP (cAMP) at night. In contrast, in asthmatic children without nocturnal asthmatic attacks, neither in PEFR nor in cAMP excretion did a circadian rhythm occur. Prednisolone, theophylline, and sleep withdrawal were able to reestablish normal airway function and cAMP excretion in those patients with nocturnal bronchoconstriction. Cyclic GMP (cGMP), which has been suggested as a mediator for cholinergic mechanisms, shows the exact opposite behavior of that of cAMP. In children suffering from nocturnal asthmatic attacks, cGMP increases during the night, whereas under sleep withdrawal it decreases. Hence we propose that a reduced responsiveness of beta-adrenergic receptors as well as an increased cholinergic activity are due to nocturnal asthmatic attacks. Therapeutic interventions taking the form of increasing cAMP or decreasing cGMP levels may thus be most helpful in treating nocturnal asthma.

Topics: Adolescent; Airway Obstruction; Asthma; Child; Circadian Rhythm; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Female; Humans; Male; Maximal Expiratory Flow Rate; Prednisolone; Sleep; Theophylline

Topics: Airway Obstruction; Animals; Bronchial Diseases; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Rabbits