curcumin and Lung-Diseases--Obstructive

Obstructive airway diseases including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cystic fibrosis present with dyspnea and variety of other symptoms. Physiologically, they are characterized by maximal expiratory flow limitation and pathologically, by inflammation of the airways and the lung parenchyma. Inflammation plays a major role in the gradual worsening of the lung function resulting in worsening symptoms. For many years, scientists focused their efforts in identifying various pathways involved in the chronic inflammation present in these diseases. Further, studies are underway to identify various molecular targets in these pathways for the purpose of developing novel therapeutic agents. Natural agents have been used for thousands of years in various cultures for the treatment of several medical conditions and have mostly proven to be safe. Recent in vivo and in vitro studies show potential anti-inflammatory role for some of the existing natural agents. This review provides an overview of the literature related to the anti-inflammatory effects of some of the natural agents which have potential value in the treatment of inflammatory lung diseases.

Topics: Ambroxol; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Curcumin; Cystic Fibrosis; Diet; Expectorants; Humans; Justicia; Lung Diseases, Obstructive; Phytotherapy; Picrorhiza; Pneumonia; Prostaglandins; Resveratrol; Stilbenes; Treatment Outcome; Tylophora

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common scenario associated with hepatic warm ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury after shock or hemorrhage. Inflammation of lung parenchyma and increase in matrix metalloprotease 9 (MMP-9) activity have been implicated in ARDS. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective efficacy of curcumin treatment against hepatic I/R-induced lung function impairment.. Thirty Sprague-Dawley male rats were evenly divided into 3 groups: a sham group, a hepatic I/R group, and a group treated with curcumin (15 mg/kg/d) 15 minutes before ischemia and every 24 hours for the next 48 hours. Ischemia was induced by occluding the hepatic artery and portal vein for 30 minutes. The clamps were then released and the abdominal incision was closed. Pulmonary function test was conducted after 48 hours of reperfusion. We also examined serum alanine transaminase (ALT) level and degrees of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and MMP-9 activity in the lung tissue.. Hepatic I/R injury decreased the ratio of residual volume to total lung capacity (RV/TLC), chord compliance (Cchord), and maximum midexpiratory flow (MMEF; P < .05), and increased inspiratory resistance (RI; P < .05), characterized as combined obstructive and restrictive lung disease. Treatment with curcumin markedly improved RV/TLC, Cchord, and MMEF and decreased RI (P < .05). In addition, curcumin treatment reduced serum ALT level and degrees of TNF-α level and MMP-9 activity in the lungs.. Curcumin attenuated hepatic I/R-induced combined restrictive and obstructive lung disease by reducing lung inflammation and MMP-9 activity.

Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Animals; Biomarkers; Curcumin; Cytoprotection; Disease Models, Animal; Liver; Liver Diseases; Lung; Lung Diseases, Obstructive; Lung Injury; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Time Factors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Warm Ischemia

Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Cross-Over Studies; Curcumin; Horse Diseases; Horses; Lung Diseases, Obstructive; Neutrophils; Random Allocation; Respiratory Function Tests; Treatment Outcome