curcumin and Gastroesophageal-Reflux

There is growing evidence for the role of several natural products as either useful agents or adjuncts in the management of functional GI disorders (FGIDs). In this review, we examine the medical evidence for three such compounds: chili, a culinary spice; curcumin, another spice and active derivative of a root bark; and prebiotics, which are nondigestible food products. Chili may affect the pathogenesis of abdominal pain especially in functional dyspepsia and cause other symptoms. It may have a therapeutic role in FGIDs through desensitization of transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 receptor. Curcumin, the active ingredient of turmeric rhizome, has been shown in several preclinical studies and uncontrolled clinical trials as having effects on gut inflammation, gut permeability and the brain-gut axis, especially in FGIDs. Prebiotics, the non-digestible food ingredients in dietary fiber, may serve as nutrients and selectively stimulate the growth and/or activity of certain colonic bacteria. The net effect of this change on colonic microbiota may lead to the production of acidic metabolites and other compounds that help to reduce the production of toxins and suppress the growth of harmful or disease-causing enteric pathogens. Although some clinical benefit in IBS has been shown, high dose intake of prebiotics may cause more bloating from bacterial fermentation.

Topics: Capsaicin; Capsicum; Curcumin; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Gastrointestinal Motility; Humans; Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Prebiotics; Sensation

Gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GERD), a common disorder in the Western world, can lead to complications that include esophageal stricture and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Multiple challenges are associated with GERD treatment. First, lack of symptoms does not correlate with the absence of or the healing of esophageal lesions. Second, proton pump inhibitors, the current standard of care for GERD, are ineffective for the majority of GERD patients who have non-erosive disease. This article discusses these challenges, investigates the mechanisms of damage in GERD, and explores the existing data on unconventional forms of treatment, including melatonin, acupuncture, botanicals, and dietary interventions.

Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Antacids; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Artemisia; Curcumin; Cyclohexenes; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Humans; Limonene; Melatonin; Mentha piperita; Nonprescription Drugs; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Terpenes

The aim of this study was to improve the solubility, oral bioavailability, and anti-gastroesophageal reflux activity of curcumin (CM) by preparing two CM-loaded, novel, binary mixed micelles (CM-M). The two CM-M were prepared by ethanol thin-film hydration method. One (CM-T) was prepared using D-alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate and Solutol

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Biological Availability; Caco-2 Cells; Curcumin; Drug Carriers; Drug Compounding; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug Liberation; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Mice; Micelles; Models, Animal; Permeability; Poloxamer; Polyethylene Glycols; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Solubility; Stearic Acids; Vitamin E

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between reflux induced bile insult and MnSOD expression, as well as to examine therapies to preserve MnSOD expression. Additionally, we sought to examine the relationship between MnSOD protein expression and MnSOD enzymatic activity.. MnSOD protein expression was determined by Western blot assay and enzymatic activity was determined by SOD assay. The enzymatic activity of the Het-1A and Bar-T cells were compared both before and after treatments.. MnSOD expression in Het-1A cells was decreased after bile salt exposure. The cells that received MnTBAP or curcumin oil pretreatment showed increased MnSOD expression compared with control untreated cells. The Bar-T cells showed an increase in MnSOD expression after treatment with bile salts. The cells that were pretreated with MnTBAP displayed a larger increase in MnSOD expression compared with the cells that were not pretreated prior to bile salt exposure. The MnSOD activity was significantly different between the untreated cell lines (P = 0.01) and after treatment with bile salt (P = 0.03). Additionally, Bar-T cells had significantly less MnSOD activity than Het-1A cells after each of the pretreatments.. We demonstrated preservation of MnSOD expression in Het-1A cells that were pretreated with antioxidants including MnTBAP, curcumin oil, and certain berry extracts. Additionally, we demonstrated that Bar-T cells have significantly less MnSOD activity than Het-1A cells. These finding have important implications for future studies regarding chemoprevention and the treatment of esophageal cancer.

Topics: Barrett Esophagus; Bile Acids and Salts; Cell Line, Transformed; Curcumin; Disease Progression; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Esophageal Neoplasms; Esophagus; Free Radical Scavengers; Fruit; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Humans; Metalloporphyrins; Plant Extracts; Respiratory Mucosa; Superoxide Dismutase