curcumin and Arterial-Occlusive-Diseases

To evaluate the efficacy of the curcumin-coating stent (CCS) on the inhibition of restenosis in a rabbit iliac artery stent model.. Curcumin, pigment naturally acquired from the rhizome of the plant curcuma longa, is known to have antiproliferative, antimigratory, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, it is still unclear that curcumin can inhibit neointimal proliferation of the injured vessel.. Dose-dependent inhibition of cell growth was observed over a dose range from 10 nM to 10 microM. CCS was prepared by a dip-coating method (high-dose: HD, low-dose: LD). The release profile of the HD CCS showed that drug release persisted until day 21. Scanning electron microscopy of the CCS showed an intact surface of the stent even after expansion. To test the efficacy of CCS in vivo, LD CCS, HD CCS, and bare metal stents (BMS) were implanted in random order in one iliac artery (N = 30 arteries) of male New Zealand White rabbits (N = 15).. After 28 days, the LD and HD CCS groups had a 43% and 55% reduction in the neointimal area, compared with the BMS group (BMS 3.3 +/- 1.0 mm(2), LD 1.9 +/- 0.8 mm(2), and HD 0.9 +/- 0.5 mm(2), P < 0.05). There appeared to be no cytotoxicity related to curcumin at the indicated doses.. Curcumin, a natural compound in the human diet, seems to be a safe and effective candidate drug for use in a drug-eluting stent for the prevention of stent restenosis following angioplasty.

Topics: Angioplasty, Balloon; Animals; Arterial Occlusive Diseases; Becaplermin; Cardiovascular Agents; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Coated Materials, Biocompatible; Constriction, Pathologic; Curcumin; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug-Eluting Stents; Hypercholesterolemia; Iliac Artery; Male; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; Prosthesis Design; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Surface Properties; Time Factors

Many researches show that traditional Indonesian diet is good for physical health. The present study examines the antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic potentials of aqueous extract of tempe (fermented soya-beans) and Curcuma domestica in an experimental photochemical thrombogenesis model using rat femoral artery. A total of 15 male Wistar rats weighing 250 g were used, and divided into three groups: control (group-1, n = 5), animals, treated orally with 0.25 ml aqueous extracts of 50 g tempe (fermented soybean cake) once daily for 7 consecutive days (group-2, n = 5) and animals treated orally with 0.25 ml aqueous extracts of 10 g roots of Curcuma domestica once daily for 5 consecutive days (group-3, n = 5). All animals were anesthetized, and Sn-pyrophosphate and Tc99m solutions were injected intravenously for in vivo red cell radioactive labeling. Femoral arterial occlusion was observed, using a gamma camera. Induction of femoral arterial thrombosis was effected following an endothelial injury by free radicals produced by green light-irradiated Rose Bengal (10 mg/kg). The results showed that in the control group arterial total flow occlusion was seen in 15 min of irradiation. The results of MDA absorbency was 0.3700 +/- 1.7 nmol/ml in control group-1, 0.0520 +/- 0.025 in group-2 (significant p < 0.05 in comparison to control group) and 0.2780 +/- 0.027 in group-3 (non-significant). Interleukin-1alpha plasma level was 14.44 +/- 2.3 in control group-1, 8.93 +/- 2.4 in group-2 (significant p < 0.05), and 6.21 +/- 2.5 in group-3 (significant p < 0.05). Plasma thromboxane B2 plasma level was 20.31 +/- 2.4 in control group-1, 14.32 +/- 2.2 in group-2 (significant p < 0.05), and 19.41 +/- 2.1 in group-3 (significant). This study suggests the potential antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic effect that the dietary aqueous extracts has in rat femoral artery.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antioxidants; Arterial Occlusive Diseases; Curcuma; Diet; Disease Models, Animal; Femoral Artery; Fibrinolytic Agents; Indonesia; Interleukin-1; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Malondialdehyde; Photochemistry; Plant Extracts; Plant Proteins; Polysaccharides; Radionuclide Imaging; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Rose Bengal; Soy Foods; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Thromboxane B2