curcumin and Albuminuria

Curcumin is a commonly used herbal supplement with anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties. Animal studies and small human trials suggest that curcumin reduces albuminuria in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Micro-particle curcumin is a new, more bioavailable formulation of curcumin.. To determine whether micro-particle curcumin versus placebo slows the progression of albuminuric CKD we conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with 6-month follow-up. We included adults with albuminuria [a random urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio >30 mg/mmol (265 mg/g) or a 24-h urine collection with more than 300 mg of protein] and an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) between 15 and 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 within the 3 months before randomization. We randomly allocated participants 1:1 to receive micro-particle curcumin capsules (90 mg/day) or matching placebo for 6 months. After randomization, the co-primary outcomes were the changes in albuminuria and the eGFR.. We enrolled 533 participants, but 4/265 participants in the curcumin group and 15/268 in the placebo group withdrew consent or became ineligible. The 6-month change in albuminuria did not differ significantly between the curcumin and placebo groups [geometric mean ratio 0.94, 97.5% confidence interval (CI) 0.82 to 1.08, P = .32]. Similarly, the 6-month change in eGFR did not differ between groups (mean between-group difference -0.22 mL/min/1.73 m2, 97.5% CI -1.38 to 0.95, P = .68).. Ninety milligrams of micro-particle curcumin daily did not slow the progression of albuminuric CKD over 6 months.. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02369549.

Topics: Adult; Albuminuria; Curcumin; Disease Progression; Double-Blind Method; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic

Curcumin has a therapeutic potential in treating diabetic kidney disease (DKD) while potential mechanisms underlining this beneficial effect remain to be elucidated. In the present study, curcumin intervention was performed in patients with Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by oral intake of curcumin at the dose of 500 mg/day for a period of 15-30 days. Nephritic excretion of urinary micro-albumin (U-mAlb) and blood metabolic indexes were assessed before and after this intervention. In addition, the lipid oxidation index, malondialdehyde (MDA) in plasma and the status of anti-oxidative Nrf2 system in blood lymphocytes were measured. The effect of curcumin on inflammation was assessed by measuring plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) content and inflammatory signaling protein in blood lymphocytes. A self-comparison method was used for assessing statistical significances of these measurements. Here we show that curcumin intervention markedly attenuated U-mAlb excretion without affecting metabolic control of participated patients. In addition, curcumin reduced plasma MDA level with enhanced the Nrf2 system specifically regulated protein, NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1) together with other anti-oxidative enzymes in patients' blood lymphocytes. Furthermore, we observed reduced plasma LPS content and increased IκB, an inhibitory protein on inflammatory signaling in patient's lymphocytes after curcumin administration. Finally, several gut bacterials important for maintaining gut barrier integrity and function were upregulated by curcumin.In conclusion, short-term curcumin intervention ablates DKD progress with activating Nrf2 anti-oxidative system and anti-inflammatory efficacies in patients with T2DM.

Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Albuminuria; Curcumin; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Lipopolysaccharides; Lymphocytes; Male; Middle Aged; NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone); NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Signal Transduction

The aim of this registry was to evaluate the efficacy of Meriva® in subjects with temporary kidney dysfunction (TKD) and increased oxidative stress levels. TKD was a casual finding on urinary tests after reported side effects following drug consumption, a clinical event or dehydration.. Patients followed either standard management (SM) or SM plus Meriva® (Curcumin Phytosome®) supplementation (3 capsules/day, corresponding to 1.5 g of Meriva® containing 300 mg of curcumin in a bioavailable delivery form). The follow-up period lasted 4 weeks. Subjects were divided according to macroalbuminuria (>300 mg albumin on 24 hours) or microalbuminuria (<300 mg/day albuminuria).. Albuminuria decreased in all subjects, with a statistically significant improvement in the supplement group compared with controls (P<0.05). Oxidative stress level was high in all microalbuminuria subjects at inclusion; it was significantly more reduced in the supplement group (P<0.05) after 4 weeks. During follow-up blood pressure values were controlled; all subjects were under one single antihypertensive. Blood and urinary tests at 4 weeks were normalized in all subjects. Fatigue was significantly decreased or disappeared in most supplemented subjects at 4 weeks, with better results than in controls. Compliance and tolerability to Meriva® were good.. This registry study indicates that albuminuria - marker of TKD - is safely ameliorated with the standardized supplement Meriva®. Studies are needed to evaluate the effect of Meriva® in subjects with more significant clinical conditions (i.e. diabetics) or risk factors.

Topics: Adult; Albuminuria; Blood Pressure; Curcumin; Dietary Supplements; Female; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Oxidative Stress; Plant Extracts; Registries; Renal Insufficiency

Curcumin is a polyphenol present in the rhizomes of the species Curcuma longa L. ("turmeric," Zingiberaceae), which has been used for centuries as an anti-inflammatory. We aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of C. longa in renal injury induced by doxorubicin (DOX, 3.5 mg.kg

Topics: Administration, Oral; Albuminuria; Animals; Curcuma; Curcumin; Desiccation; Doxorubicin; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Male; Plant Extracts; Powders; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Rhizome; Treatment Outcome; Zingiberaceae

Diabetic nephropathy is a serious complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and delaying the development of diabetic nephropathy in patients with diabetes mellitus is very important. In this study, we investigated inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism to assess whether curcumin ameliorates diabetic nephropathy.. Animals were divided into three groups: Long-Evans-Tokushima-Otsuka rats for normal controls, Otsuka-Long-Evans-Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats for the diabetic group, and curcumin-treated (100 mg/kg/day) OLETF rats. We measured body and epididymal fat weights, and examined plasma glucose, adiponectin, and lipid profiles at 45 weeks. To confirm renal damage, we measured albumin-creatinine ratio, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in urine samples. Glomerular basement membrane thickness and slit pore density were evaluated in the renal cortex tissue of rats. Furthermore, we conducted adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling and oxidative stress-related nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) signaling to investigate mechanisms of lipotoxicity in kidneys.. Curcumin ameliorated albuminuria, pathophysiologic changes on the glomerulus, urinary MDA, and urinary SOD related with elevated Nrf2 signaling, as well as serum lipid-related index and ectopic lipid accumulation through activation of AMPK signaling.. Collectively, these findings indicate that curcumin exerts renoprotective effects by inhibiting renal lipid accumulation and oxidative stress through AMPK and Nrf2 signaling pathway.

Topics: Albuminuria; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Curcumin; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Gene Expression; Inflammation; Kidney; Kidney Glomerulus; Lipid Metabolism; Male; Malondialdehyde; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Inbred OLETF; Rats, Long-Evans; Superoxide Dismutase

To determine the effect of curcumin on diabetic nephropathy in db/db mice and its possible mechanism.. Ten female db/db mice were randomly divided into 2 groups: one was treated with curcumin at 200 mg/(kg.d) and the other was a placebo group. Five age-matched db/m mice were grouped as the controls. In the curcumin group, curcumin was administered to db/db mice for 18 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the blood glucose and albumin were measured, and the kidney tissue sections were stained with PAS to observe the pathological changes. The expression of collagen IV and FN in the kidney was detected by immunohitochemistry staining. Western blot was used to detect the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and IκB in the kidney.. Compared with db/m mice, the weight and blood glucose of db/db mice were markedly increased, accompanied with heavy proteinuria, glomerulus hypertrophy, mesangial area expansion, thickening of basement membrane and ECM deposition. The phosphorylation of STAT3 was upregulated and the degradation of IκB was increased. Compared with the db/db mice, curcumin significantly decreased the urinary albumin, inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT3 and the degradation of IκB, and reduced the expression of collagen IV and FN in the kidney.. Curcumin can obviously decrease albuminuria and attenuate glomerular sclerosis in diabetic db/db mice by inhibiting phosphorylation of STAT3 and degradation of IκB.

Topics: Albuminuria; Animals; Blood Glucose; Collagen Type IV; Curcumin; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Female; Fibronectins; I-kappa B Proteins; Kidney; Mice; Phosphorylation; Proteinuria; STAT3 Transcription Factor

Curcumin has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-proliferative properties, and depending upon the experimental circumstances, may be pro- or anti-apoptotic. Many of these biological actions could ameliorate diabetic nephropathy.. Mouse podocytes, cultured in basal or high glucose conditions, underwent acute exposure to curcumin. Western blots for p38-MAPK, COX-2 and cleaved caspase-3; isoelectric focusing for HSP25 phosphorylation; and DNase I assays for F- to G- actin cleavage were performed for in vitro analyses. In vivo studies examined the effects of dietary curcumin on the development of diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin (Stz)-induced diabetes in DBA2J mice. Urinary albumin to creatinine ratios were obtained, high performance liquid chromatography was performed for urinary curcuminoid measurements, and Western blots for p38-MAPK and total HSP25 were performed.. Curcumin enhanced the phosphorylation of both p38MAPK and downstream HSP25; inhibited COX-2; induced a trend towards attenuation of F- to G-actin cleavage; and dramatically inhibited the activation of caspase-3 in vitro. In curcumin-treated DBA2J mice with Stz-diabetes, HPLC measurements confirmed the presence of urinary curcuminoid. Nevertheless, dietary provision of curcumin either before or after the induction of diabetes failed to attenuate albuminuria.. Apart from species, strain, early differences in glycemic control, and/or dosing effects, the failure to modulate albuminuria may have been due to a decrement in renal HSP25 or stimulation of the 12/15 lipoxygenase pathway in DBA2J mice fed curcumin. In addition, these studies suggest that timed urine collections may be useful for monitoring curcumin dosing and renal pharmacodynamic effects.

Topics: Actins; Albuminuria; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antioxidants; Caspase Inhibitors; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Curcumin; Cyclooxygenase 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Diet; HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins; Kidney; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred DBA; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Phosphorylation; Plant Extracts; Podocytes; Signal Transduction