contraceptives--postcoital and Infertility--Female

Following the development of hormonal interception after coitus the post-coital insertion of an intrauterine contraceptive device was proposed by Tatum . The advantage of this treatment is the avoidance of the ingestion of large doses of estrogen which causes much nausea and vomiting although it is a very effective post-coital method of contraception. The recently proposed alternative administration of 200 micrograms Ethynol Estradiol combined with 2 mg of DL norgesterol in 2 equal doses at 12 hour intervals has the same disadvantage of a high percentage of side effects. The post-coital insertion of an intrauterine contraceptive device is the first method which is effective up to five days following unprotected intercourse which is three days longer than treatment by estrogen. In addition the method can be offered to women who would want to continue to wear the intrauterine contraceptive device for long term contraception. The disadvantage of the post-coital insertion of an intrauterine contraceptive device is the ability of serious complications if the patient has a vaginal or venereal infection or an asymptomatic cervicitis or salpingitis. Following appropriate physical examination women who present themselves for post-coital treatment are selected. Cases of rape are usually not suitable for treatment with intrauterine contraceptives devices. However, when cases of rape are seen early enough the appropriate investigations may be done and the treatment with the intrauterine device started within five days. The potential risk of future infertility must be considered since salpingitis is 7 times more common in nulliparous wearers of intrauterine devices than in nulliparous non-wearers. Young sexually active nulliparous women especially of lower socio economic background are patients with a high risk. Over 70% of the women who present themselves for interception treatment are nulliparous.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Coitus; Contraception; Contraceptives, Postcoital; Female; Humans; Infections; Infertility, Female; Intrauterine Devices, Copper; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Ectopic; Risk; Time Factors

Topics: Contraceptive Agents; Contraceptives, Oral; Contraceptives, Postcoital; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Humans; Infertility, Female; Injections, Subcutaneous; Medroxyprogesterone; Menstruation; Norethindrone; Norethynodrel; Ovulation; Pregnancy; Time Factors

Topics: Adult; Animals; Contraceptives, Postcoital; Edema; Endometrium; Estrogens; Ethinyl Estradiol; Female; Haplorhini; Humans; Hyperemia; Infertility, Female; Macaca; Middle Aged; Time Factors