concanavalin-a and Plasmacytoma

A plasma cell tumor of the stomach with unusual histology is reported. Macroscopically, the tumor formed two ulcers in the gastric body, and microscopic examination revealed proliferation of plasma cells producing immunoglobulin G kappa monotypic immunoglobulin, with metastatic infiltration in some perigastric lymph nodes. Most of these plasma cells had various-sized Russell bodies in the cytoplasm; hence the tumor may be called Mott cell tumor. The Russell bodies showed a strong affinity to concanavalin A by lectin immunohistochemistry, compared with those in reactive Mott cells. In addition, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection was proved by Gimenez stain and immunohistochemistry. The mixture of some centrocyte-like cells and presence of reactive lymph follicles with follicular colonization by tumor cells suggest that this lesion may be a variant of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma in association with H. pylori infection. The patient has shown no evidence of recurrence of the tumor after 11 years of follow up.

Topics: Antigens, Bacterial; Concanavalin A; Female; Gastrectomy; Gastric Mucosa; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains; Middle Aged; Plasmacytoma; Stomach Neoplasms; Stomach Ulcer

Heat shock or transfection with heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) genes has been shown to protect tumor cell lines against immune mechanisms of cytotoxicity. We have reported previously that heat shock confers resistance to CTL in the rat myeloma cell line Y3 that is Hsp70 defective. Evidence is now presented that Hsp70 is able to prevent the induction of the resistant phenotype. In Con A-stimulated lymphocytes and in lymphocyte x Y3 somatic cell hybrid clones a severe, non-Hsp70-inducing heat shock elicits resistance to CTL in contrast to a heat shock that results in Hsp70 expression. Thus, Hsp70 expression appears to be negatively associated with the development of resistance. Furthermore, loading of Y3 cells with recombinant Hsp70 protein before heat shock is able to prevent resistance. Because apoptosis induced in Y3 cells by heat shock is not affected, Hsp70 appears to interfere selectively with the CTL-induced lethal pathway that is found to be calcium but not caspase dependent. It is suggested that after heat shock Hsp70 enhances the CTL-induced apoptotic pathway by chaperoning certain proteins in the target cell that are involved in the execution of cell death. Thus, although shown to confer protection against many cytotoxic mechanisms, Hsp70 does not appear to be generally cytoprotective. This observation could also be of relevance when interpreting the effectiveness of tumor immunity.

Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Concanavalin A; Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; Hot Temperature; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; Hybrid Cells; Immunity, Innate; Lymphocyte Activation; Plasmacytoma; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Recombinant Proteins; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic; Tumor Cells, Cultured

NK cells from C57BL/6 (B6) mice and H-2Dd transgenic B6 (D8) mice express different levels of the inhibitory receptor Ly49A, and they also differ in their target cell specificity. Here, we examined this differential specificity with respect to the role of the Ly49A receptor expression on effector cells and levels of H-2Dd inhibitory ligands on target cells. NK cells from D8 mice express low levels of Ly49A receptor (Ly49Alow), and are able to kill SP2/0 tumor cells in spite of their expression of H-2Dd. H-2Dd is expressed at reduced levels on SP2/0 cells; when these were increased three- to fivefold after IFN-gamma treatment, the killing by Ly49Alow NK cells from D8 mice was markedly reduced. Efficient killing was restored when the effectors were preincubated with anti-Ly49A F(ab')2 Abs. A separate experimental system was based on D8 TAP1-deficient Con A blasts exogenously loaded with H-2Dd-specific peptides. In this system, higher levels of cell surface H-2Dd had to be induced by peptide to inhibit D8 Ly49Alow NK cells to an extent similar to that of B6 Ly49Ahigh NK cells. Ly49A receptors on NK cells from H-2Dd transgenic mice are thus functional, although they require high levels of ligand to inhibit progression of the NK-target cell interaction. The data are in favor of the "receptor-calibration" model, which suggests that down-regulation of inhibitory receptors on NK cells may be useful in order for NK cells to discriminate between normal and reduced levels of MHC class I molecules.

Topics: Animals; Antigens, Ly; Antigens, Surface; Concanavalin A; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; H-2 Antigens; Interferon-gamma; Killer Cells, Natural; Lectins, C-Type; Lymphocyte Activation; Membrane Glycoproteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Transgenic; NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily A; Peptides; Plasmacytoma; Receptors, Immunologic; Receptors, NK Cell Lectin-Like; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Previously we examined the ability of the host's immune responses to regulate Ig production in an IgE-secreting murine plasma cell tumor (B53). In the present study we have examined the reverse phenomenon, in that we have investigated the effects of this and other plasma cell tumors on the immune responses of their hosts. We found that splenocytes from plasma cell tumor-bearing mice demonstrate decreased proliferation in response to polyclonal stimulation by either Con A or a combination of PMA and calcium ionophore (A23187). Fractionation of the splenocytes demonstrated that this reduction in proliferation was confined to CD4+ T cells and that the proliferation of CD8+ T cells was unaffected. In order to determine whether the down-modulatory effects of the tumor were confined to a particular CD4+ helper T cell subset, we examined the production of cytokines representing the Th1 subset (IL-2 and IFN-gamma) and the Th2 subset (IL-4 and IL-10) from stimulated splenocytes and from stimulated enriched splenic T cells. We found that both stimulated splenocytes and T cells from plasma cell tumor-bearing mice produced lower levels of the Th1 cytokines IL-2 and IFN-gamma compared with normal cultures, demonstrating that Th1-like responses are inhibited in the hosts of these tumors. However, no alterations in the production of the Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 were observed in these stimulated splenocyte or T cell cultures from the tumor-bearing mice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topics: Animals; Calcimycin; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Concanavalin A; Cytokines; Female; Lymphocyte Activation; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Plasmacytoma; Spleen; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Th1 Cells; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Mice were injected in the foot pad with either 5 x 10(5) syngeneic plasmacytoma (MOPC104E) or fibrosarcoma cells (Meth A). Lymph nodes containing tumor cells were harvested 14 days later and cultured. In the presence of recombinant interleukin-2 (r-IL-2) predominantly tumor cells proliferated. Culture with T cell growth factor (TCGF) resulted in the growth of lymphoid cells. Concanavalin A (Con A) had only a modest effect on elimination of tumor cells in the culture. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) prepared from the lymph nodes showed specific tumor-neutralizing activity when grown in the presence of TCGF. In vitro examination revealed that Meth A cells could not be lysed by TIL, while TIL from MOPC tumors showed tumor specific activity. This study may explain negative results in human trials with TIL induced by IL-2 alone.

Topics: Animals; Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; Concanavalin A; Fibrosarcoma; Humans; Interleukin-2; Lymph Nodes; Lymphatic Metastasis; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Neoplasm Transplantation; Plasmacytoma; Rats; Tumor Cells, Cultured

The effect of the thymic hormone, THF-gamma 2, on the immunocompetence of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-treated BALB/c mice, bearing MOPC-315 tumor, was examined. Treatment of noninoculated or tumor-bearing mice with THF-gamma 2 after 5-FU injection, resulted in an increase in the antibody response to sheep red blood cells and in the allogeneic response in spleen cell cultures and had no effect on the concanavalin-A-induced interleukin-2 secretion beyond that caused by 5-FU alone. Treatment with either 5-FU alone or 5-FU and THF-gamma 2 resulted in restoration to normal values of Lyt1- and L3T4-positive populations in tumor-bearing mice. THF-gamma 2 prolonged the survival time of mice bearing MOPC-315 tumor beyond that observed in mice treated with 5-FU alone.

Topics: Animals; Antibody Formation; Concanavalin A; Fluorouracil; Immunocompetence; Interleukin-2; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Plasmacytoma; T-Lymphocytes; Thymus Hormones

T suppressor (Ts) lymphocyte activation is the first reaction of the immune system under conditions which simulate early stages of tumourigenesis. There is evidence that the Ts cell inducing antigen on ADJ-PC-5 plasmacytoma cells of BALB/c origin is a self antigen, which is also expressed on normal BALB/c spleen cells. In order to study this Ts cell inducing determinant in more detail we have developed an in vitro system which allows the selective activation of ADJ-PC-5 specific Ts cells in the absence of activation of cytotoxic T (Tc) cells. The system now allows us to study the modulation of Ts cell induction and function.

Topics: Animals; Antigens, Surface; Concanavalin A; Female; Interleukin-2; Lymphocyte Activation; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Plasmacytoma; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory; Tumor Cells, Cultured

The anticancer chemotherapeutic drugs melphalan (L-phenylalanine mustard; L-PAM), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), methotrexate (MTX), and daunorubicin (DAU) were tested for their toxic activity against MOPC-315 tumor cells in vitro. L-PAM, 5-FU, and DAU had a marked toxic effect whereas MTX did not affect the rate of thymidine incorporation in the tumor cells. L-PAM (7.5 mg/kg) induced permanent regression of large s.c. MOPC-315 plasmacytoma tumors, 5-FU (200-250 mg/kg) induced transient regression of MOPC-315 tumors with reappearance starting on the 6th day after the 5-FU injection and DAU (5 mg/kg) was not effective. L-PAM treatment restored the cytotoxic potential of spleen cells of tumor-bearing mice against target MOPC-315 tumor cells whereas spleen cells from tumor-bearing mice treated with 5-FU were unable to mount a cytotoxic response. L-PAM and 5-FU were also assayed for their effect in vitro on induction of suppressor T cells by ConA. L-PAM treatment in vitro markedly reduced the induction of suppressor T cells by ConA whereas 5-FU had no effect. It is suggested that anticancer chemotherapeutic drugs can be classified in "immunopromoting" (L-PAM as prototype) and "nonimmunopromoting" (5-FU as prototype) on the basis of their effect in vivo on established tumors and their effect on induction of suppressor T cells by ConA.

Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; Concanavalin A; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; Fluorouracil; Lymphocyte Activation; Melphalan; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Myeloma Proteins; Phytohemagglutinins; Plasmacytoma; Spleen; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory

The specific activity in cells from lymph nodes, spleen and thymus was 32, 28 and 25 nmol/min per mg of cytosol protein, respectively, whereas that in bone marrow cells was significantly lower (10 units/mg of protein). No difference in specific DAN activity between isolated B- and T-lymphocytes was observed. Two types of lymphoid mouse cell lines (MOPC-31C plasmacytoma cells, S49 Cyc- lymphoma cells) showed specific activities similar to the normal lymphoid cells. In concanavalin A- stimulated spleen lymphocytes in culture there was a rapid increase in DAN activity shortly after maximum DNA synthesis, reaching a plateau 2-3 times the original level. The enzyme (DAN) of mouse tissues possessed the characteristic properties previously detected for the rat enzyme.

Topics: Animals; Bone Marrow; Cell Line; Concanavalin A; Cytosol; Kinetics; Lymph Nodes; Lymphocyte Activation; Lymphocytes; Lymphoma; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Nucleotidases; Organ Specificity; Plasmacytoma; Spleen; Thymus Gland

Four different strains of rats, BDII, E3, LE, and OM/N, each with a low basal serum level of IgE, were examined with respect to anti-IgE- and ConA-induced release of histamine from serosal mast cells and chopped lung tissue. Tests were performed before and three days after i.p. injection of a graded dose of myeloma IgE (IR 162)-containing ascitic fluid. There was a clearcut strain difference in response capacity with respect to ConA- and anti-IgE-induced release of histamine from serosal mast cells before myeloma IgE-injection. Response capacity increased in some but not all strains after myeloma IgE injection; increase in response capacity of serosal mast cells did not correlate to that of chopped lung tissue. Analogous findings were observed when two of the strains, LE and E3, were passively sensitized by i.p. injection with serum containing another myeloma IgE (IR2). These results indicate that differences exist between mast cells of different rat strains, and within strain between mast cells of various tissues in capacity to become sensitized to myeloma IgE.

Topics: Animals; Cell Line; Concanavalin A; Female; Histamine Release; Immune Sera; Immunoglobulin E; Lung; Male; Mast Cells; Plasmacytoma; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Species Specificity

A monoclonal antibody with a broad anti-human leucocyte specificity, designated BK 19.45 and the plant lectin Concanavalin A have been labelled with the alpha-emitting cyclotron produced radiohalogen astatine-211. Both human and murine tumour cell lines and human leukemic bone marrow samples have been specifically labelled with these radioactive proteins. In all cases the amount of 211At bound to the cells is directly correlated with a decrease in cellular reproductive potential as shown by the ability of the cells to proliferate in a clonogenic assay. For the labelled monoclonal antibody experiments, the radiation dose needed to yield 37% cell survival, the D37 dose, may be achieved with an average of 12 211At atoms/cell.

Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Astatine; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Colony-Forming Units Assay; Concanavalin A; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Humans; Lectins; Leukemia, Myeloid; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Mice; Plasmacytoma

Topics: Animals; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Concanavalin A; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Membrane Lipids; Mice; Phospholipids; Plasmacytoma; Receptors, Concanavalin A

Weanling BALB/c mice given injections of 300 micrograms concanavalin A (Con A) prior to and at frequent intervals after challenge with Moloney murine sarcoma virus (M-MuSV), 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA), or TEPC-15 plasmacytoma cells showed an enhancement of tumor induction or development. With the M-MuSV and MCA systems, this enhancement was evidenced by larger tumors and, in the MCA system, by more devastating tumors. Regression of the M-MuSV-induced tumors was more prolonged in Con A-treated mice. With the TEPC-15 system, enhancement was evidenced by a more rapid mortality rate in treated animals.

Topics: Animals; Concanavalin A; Immunosuppression Therapy; Male; Methylcholanthrene; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Moloney murine leukemia virus; Neoplasms, Experimental; Plasmacytoma; Sarcoma, Experimental; Tumor Virus Infections

Endocytosis of Concanavalin A, triggered by its interaction with the surface of cells from a murine plasmocytoma line, is characterised by various steps which can be visualised by cytochemistry and freeze-fracturing. Plasma membrane internalisation is initiated by clustering of Concanavalin A receptors and by formation of intramembraneous particle necklaces, which were observed on fracture faces. Subsequent perturbation of the lipid bilayer precedes the fusion and formation of closed vesicles.

Topics: Animals; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Concanavalin A; Endocytosis; Freeze Fracturing; Membrane Lipids; Mice; Plasmacytoma; Receptors, Concanavalin A

The mRNA for the mouse MOPC-46B K chain, a glycorportein, was prepared translated in Ehrlich ascites cell-free extract. A polypeptide product similar to the MOPC-46B kappa chain was identified by its antigenic properties and by analysis of the products of tryptic digestion. In addition, the cell-free product was glycosylated after translation. It appeared that glycosylation of the cell-free product occurred on the same tryptic peptide glycosylated by intact cells. The characteristics and requirements of glycosylation are described. The presence of Mn2+ was a major requirement.

Topics: Animals; Antibody Formation; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor; Cations, Divalent; Cell-Free System; Concanavalin A; Edetic Acid; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Glycosides; Immune Sera; Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains; Immunoglobulin Light Chains; Lipids; Mannose; Mice; Neoplasm Proteins; Peptides; Plasmacytoma; Polyethylene Glycols; Protein Biosynthesis; Ribonucleases; RNA, Messenger; RNA, Neoplasm; Time Factors

Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Animals; Binding Sites; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Concanavalin A; Glucose-6-Phosphatase; Ligands; Lipid Metabolism; Mice; Neoplasms, Experimental; Nucleotidases; Peptidoglycan; Plasmacytoma; Receptors, Concanavalin A; Spectrometry, Fluorescence

Using ouabain as a selective agent, we obtained from a contact inhibited and a non contact inhibited cell layer derived from the same plasmocytoma, different resistant cell lines. All of them were ouabain resistant but were also able to grow in presence of normallly toxic levels of cAMP, theophylline and concanavalin A.

Topics: Cell Division; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Concanavalin A; Cyclic AMP; Drug Resistance; Ouabain; Plasmacytoma; Theophylline

Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Concanavalin A; Enzyme Induction; Magnesium; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Neuraminidase; Nucleotidases; Plasmacytoma; Potassium; Sialic Acids; Sodium

Topics: Alkylation; Animals; Binding Sites, Antibody; Cell Line; Complement Fixation Tests; Concanavalin A; Dextrans; Dithiothreitol; Erythrocytes; Haptens; Immunoglobulin Fragments; Immunoglobulin M; Iodine Radioisotopes; Kinetics; Mice; Oxidation-Reduction; Plasmacytoma; Protein Conformation; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell; Sheep; Time Factors

Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Animals; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Clostridium perfringens; Concanavalin A; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Macromolecular Substances; Magnesium; Methods; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Neoplasm Proteins; Neuraminic Acids; Neuraminidase; Nucleotidases; Plasmacytoma; Potassium; Sodium

Topics: Binding Sites; Cell Line; Concanavalin A; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Kinetics; Plasmacytoma

Both the distribution of the concanavalin A-binding sites and the rearrangement of the intramembranous particles revealed by the freeze-etching technique, have been studied by means of two variants of the same cell line issued from MOPC 173 murine plasmocytoma. One variant does not agglutinate even in presence of high lectin concentration. It has been shown that the number of binding sites and affinity are almost the same in the two variants. The clustered distribution of intramembranous particles is induced by the interaction of the concanavalin A and the cell surface only in the variant which is agglutinable. From these results it became apparent that the clustered distribution of the membrane particulate components is an acquired feature of the plasma membrane accompanying cell agglutination.

Topics: Agglutination; Animals; Binding Sites; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Clone Cells; Concanavalin A; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Freeze Etching; Mice; Microscopy, Electron; Plasmacytoma; Tritium

Ferritin conjugates of two plant agglutinins, concanavalin A and ricin, have been used as specific electron microscopic stains for covalently-bound saccharide residues on membrane fragments from a myeloma-cell homogenate. The results indicate that different saccharide residues are uniformly localized to a single surface of each membrane fragment. In particular, the ferritin-concanavalin A conjugate binds exclusively to the cisternal side of membrane fragments of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. If it is postulated that the biogenesis of eukaryotic plasma membranes involves an assembly-line process from precursor intracellular membranes, these observed asymmetric distributions of saccharides on cell membranes can be explained.

Topics: Animals; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Concanavalin A; Ferritins; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Microscopy, Electron; Multiple Myeloma; Myeloma Proteins; Oligosaccharides; Plasmacytoma; Protein Binding; Ricin; Staining and Labeling