concanavalin-a and Infectious-Mononucleosis

Topics: B-Lymphocytes; Cells, Cultured; Concanavalin A; Humans; Immune Tolerance; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes; Infectious Mononucleosis; Lectins; Lymphocytes; Lymphokines; Receptors, Immunologic; Suppressor Factors, Immunologic; T-Lymphocytes; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory

Topics: Agammaglobulinemia; Animals; B-Lymphocytes; Cells, Cultured; Concanavalin A; DNA; Fetal Blood; Hemolytic Plaque Technique; Herpesvirus 4, Human; Humans; Immune Sera; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Infectious Mononucleosis; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Lymphocyte Activation; Pokeweed Mitogens; T-Lymphocytes

Virus-monocyte interactions were evaluated in patients with mononucleosis due to cytomegalovirus (CMV). Group 1 patients studied about two weeks after the onset of symptoms had lymphocyte responses to concanavalin A (con A) that were maximally suppressed and unaffected by in vitro culture or reconstitution with monocytes. Lymphocytes from group 2 patients studied about three weeks after the onset of symptoms had less markedly suppressed responses, which were reversed by in vitro culture or by reconstitution with monocytes. Monocyte depletion resulted in a marked diminution of fresh lymphocyte responses of group 2 patients but not of group 1 patients. CMV was isolated from blood monocytes of four patients with mononucleosis; intact, infected monocytes were capable of suppressing responses of cultured autologous lymphocytes to con A. Monocytes from uninfected control donors were infected in vitro with CMV and evaluated for the induction of suppressor activity. CMV-infected monocytes were significantly more suppressive for autologous lymphocyte responses to con A than were uninfected monocytes.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Concanavalin A; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Humans; Immune Tolerance; Infectious Mononucleosis; Lymphocyte Activation; Middle Aged; Monocytes; Virus Replication

Blood samples from 29 patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM) in phases of acute disease and convalescence were obtained. Interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) activity was detected in sera of patients both in: acute and convalescence phase, however when IFN titers were higher in the acute than convalescence phase, TNF titers were the highest in convalescence. In the whole blood assay Newcastle disease virus (NDV), phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (ConA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were used as cytokine inducers. A significant decrease in IFN titer induced in vitro with NDV, PHA and ConA was observed in blood leukocytes of patients in the acute IM phase. In convalescence the ability of blood leukocyte of IM patients to produce IFN returned to normal, comparable with control. However, blood leukocytes of IM patients in the acute phase produced more TNF in response to LPS than in convalescence. The role of the observed overproduction of TNF in the course of IM similar to that in HIV infection should be elucidated.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Cells, Cultured; Concanavalin A; Convalescence; Female; Humans; Infectious Mononucleosis; Interferon-alpha; Leukocytes; Lipopolysaccharides; Lymphocyte Activation; Male; Newcastle disease virus; Phytohemagglutinins; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

The lymphoid tissues from patients with infectious mononucleosis or, less frequently, with other reactive conditions may contain Reed-Sternberg (RS)-like cells. These tissues also contain cells resembling the lacunar cells or lymphocytic/histiocytic (L/H) variants, which are present in the lymphocyte-predominant type of Hodgkin's disease. The phenotype of these RS- and L/H-like cells was determined with a large panel of antibodies and lectins. The cells expressed sialylated Leu-M1, Con A, LN-2, and, less frequently, interleukin-1, S-100, and peanut agglutinin receptor. They reacted negatively with two markers for RS cells, Ki-1 and HeFi-1. These RS-like cells were consistently negative for T- and B-cell markers, including immunoglobulins. The markers of the RS-like cells are distinctly different from those in B-immunoblasts, but closely resemble those in interdigitating reticulum cells. It is concluded that interdigitating reticulum cells, when stimulated, can be transformed into lacunar-, L/H-, or RS-like cells.

Topics: Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; Antigens, Surface; Concanavalin A; Histiocytes; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Infectious Mononucleosis; Interleukin-1; Lymphocytes; Lymphoid Tissue; Phenotype; S100 Proteins

Immunoregulation of lymphocyte blastogenesis was studied in 13 patients with acute-phase cytomegalovirus (CMV) mononucleosis and 9 of these patients during the convalescent phase of the illness. Peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes from acute-phase patients displayed depressed uptake of [3H-]thymidine in response to the lectin-mitogen concanavalin A (Con A) and immune-specific viral antigens (CMV, herpes simplex virus (HSV), mumps virus) compared with convalescent patients or normal donors. Removal of plastic-adherent cells from the patients' samples resulted in further depression of lymphocyte blastogenesis to Con A and CMV and HSV antigens, suggesting a helper function for the predominantly monocytic, adherent cell population in this response. Preliminary culture of mononuclear leukocytes from acute-phase patients for 18 hr at 37 degrees C resulted in significantly enhanced blastogenesis to Con A. In sharp contrast, lymphocyte blastogenesis to viral antigens was not significantly enhanced after preculture. These results suggest that different mechanisms are operative in immunoregulation of lymphocyte recognition responses to the polyclonal activator Con A and immune-specific viral antigens during human CMV infection.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Antigens, Viral; Cells, Cultured; Concanavalin A; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Female; Humans; Immune Tolerance; Infectious Mononucleosis; Lymphocyte Activation; Male; Middle Aged; Monocytes

Topics: Burkitt Lymphoma; Cell Line; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Cell Transformation, Viral; Concanavalin A; Herpesvirus 4, Human; Humans; Infectious Mononucleosis; Lectins; Lymphocyte Activation; Lymphocytes; Protein Biosynthesis

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antigens; Child; Concanavalin A; Female; Humans; Infectious Mononucleosis; Lectins; Lymphocyte Activation; Lymphocytes; Male; Middle Aged; Pokeweed Mitogens; Toxoplasma; Toxoplasmosis; Toxoplasmosis, Ocular

The spontaneous release of LIF from blood lymphocytes was studied in patients with infectious mononucleosis. Mononuclear cells were separated from the blood and cultured for 22 hr, and LIF activity in the supernatant was determined. Supernatants depleted of LIF activity by means of anti-LIF antibodies or by treatment at 80 degrees C for 30 min were employed as controls; these two methods gave essentially similar results. In nine out of eighteen patients, spontaneous LIF production was demonstrated during the acute stage of the illness; this was not seen in any of the normal persons studied. 6 weeks later, spontaneous LIF production had ceased in most patients. Concanavalin A stimulated all normal lymphocytes to LIF production, but in sixteen out of seventeen patients with infectious mononucleosis this response was absent or diminished. At the follow-up study 6 weeks later, the lymphocyte response to concanavalin A was still suppressed.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antibodies; Child; Concanavalin A; Female; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Infectious Mononucleosis; Lymphocyte Activation; Lymphocytes; Lymphokines; Male

Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 20 patients with acute infectious mononucleeosis (IM) were studied for cell aggregation and for cap formation by concanavalin A (Con A). The lymphocytes from these patients showed 5.2+/-1.5% cells with a Con-A-induced cap and a high degree of cell aggregation without Con A, compared to 27.7+/-3.2% caps and a low degree of cell aggregation with normal lymphocytes. The lymphocytes from IM patients were fractionated to enrich for T and B cells. There was a low frequency of cap formation in both T and B cells, but the high degree of celll aggregation without Con A only occurred with B cells. Studies with four patients in clinical remission from acute IM have shown that the frequency of Con-A-induced cap formation only returned to normal more than 3 months after the beginning of clinical remission and that even at 6 months the cells still showed a high degree of cell aggregation. The results indicate that a high degree of B-cell aggregation and a low percentage of B and T cells with a Con-A-induced cap were associated with acute IM and that the changes associated with a high degree of B-cell aggregation were by themselves not sufficient to cause the disease.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; B-Lymphocytes; Cell Aggregation; Cell Membrane; Child; Child, Preschool; Concanavalin A; Female; Humans; Infectious Mononucleosis; Lymphocyte Activation; Male; Middle Aged; Remission, Spontaneous; T-Lymphocytes; Trypsin; Vinblastine