colistin and Otitis-Externa

This study was designed to compare the efficacy and safety of gentamicin otic solution versus colistin-neomycin-hydrocortisone otic suspension in the treatment of otorrhoea due to infection. Fifty-five patients (mean age 36.6 +/- 22.1 years) with sixty infected ears with otorrhoea complicating otitis externa, recurrent otitis media with tympanic membrane perforation, or infected mastoid cavities and post-operative tympanoplasties, were treated for 14 days with either an aqueous solution of gentamicin 0.3% or an aqueous suspension of colistin 0.3%, neomycin 0.33% and hydrocortisone 1.0%. The two possible treatments were assigned randomly and the results were assessed double-blind using usual ordinal scales for monitoring the severity of symptoms. Both otic preparations were found to be equally safe in the treatment of otorrhoea due to infection. No side-effects were observed and hearing status was either unchanged or improved. The antibiotic-steroid combination appeared to be more effective in relieving inflammation in a shorter period of time while gentamicin was observed to be more effective in eradicating the infecting organisms.

Topics: Adult; Bacterial Infections; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Colistin; Double-Blind Method; Gentamicins; Hearing; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Neomycin; Otitis; Otitis Externa; Otitis Media; Tympanoplasty

Topics: Administration, Topical; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Trials as Topic; Colistin; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Male; Middle Aged; Neomycin; Otitis Externa; Placebos; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds

The etiology of otitis in dogs and cats is multifactorial and complex, involving bacterial and fungal pathogens. As empiric antimicrobial prescription is a common practice when treating such cases, antimicrobial resistance may represent a complicating factor. The aim of this study was to describe microbiological features and susceptibility profiles of pathogens associated with 142 cases of external otitis, comprising 138 dogs and 4 cats.. The specimens were processed to identify bacterial and fungal etiologies following standard microbiological methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined in vitro against 15 antibiotics and 3 antifungals. Further, Staphylococcus spp. isolates were screened for the detection of β-lactamase enzymes using cefinase paper discs. Pseudomonas spp. and isolates from Enterobacteriaceae family were screened for colistin (Polymyxin E) resistance and for the mcr-1-mediated colistin resistance gene by PCR. The presence of mixed cultures of Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas spp. and Staphylococcus spp., and co-infections with Malassezia spp., emphasizes the polymicrobial etiology of external otitis in small animals. Emerging rates of multidrug resistance observed in almost 50% of the isolates may alert for a near future of challenging veterinary cases unresponsive to first-line antimicrobials. In addition, these results highlight a potential public health concern of multidrug resistant bacteria, given the proximity of pets and their owners. This study addressed central aspects of external otitis, providing microbiologists and clinicians updated information on the etiology and treatment of challenging cases of multidrug resistant bacteria. It also provides priceless surveillance value in monitoring resistant bacteria in small animals.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Bacteria; Cat Diseases; Cats; Colistin; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Enterobacteriaceae; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Otitis Externa; Staphylococcus

Necrotizing external otitis (NEO) is a fulminant Pseudomonas infection of the external auditory canal affecting mainly elderly diabetic patients. Since the early descriptions, many authors have related cases of NEO in non diabetic patients. We report eight cases of NEO in young children. They are less than two years old, they are undernourished and non diabetics. We get a good evolution in spite of our modest therapeutic ways. Emphasis is placed on efficiency of local remedy with colistine.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Colistin; Cote d'Ivoire; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Necrosis; Nutrition Disorders; Otitis Externa; Pseudomonas Infections

Opportunistic infections of the external auditory canal or the middle ear due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa occurring in patients with low resistance to infection have a 35 percent mortality rate. Once the process extends into the pneumatized temporal bone, eradication becomes more difficult and the mortality rate increases to 72 percent because of the high incidence of involvement of cranial nerves, adjacent intracranial vessels, and meningitis. Treatment is directed towards the underlying condition, administration of systemic carbenicillin and gentamicin, topical colistin therapy, and judicious surgical debridement. Pseudomonas vaccine may be of help. Fifteen cases are presented. Nine follow the pattern of malignant external otitis and six began as a primary acute otitis media.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Carbenicillin; Colistin; Diabetes Mellitus; Female; Gentamicins; Humans; Infant; Male; Mastoiditis; Middle Aged; Otitis Externa; Otitis Media; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pseudomonas Infections

A review of the literature on benign diffuse external otitis was done to throw light on the problems of pathogenesis, etiological factors, and various forms of treatment. A prospective study done on normal adult ear canals and a prospective study of 26 new cases of benign external otitis was done according to clinical criteria elaborated by Senturia to show that Coly-Mycin Otic is a drug to be recommended in the treatment of this disease.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Bacteria; Bacteriological Techniques; Colistin; Ear, External; Humans; Middle Aged; Otitis Externa; Prospective Studies; Retrospective Studies

Topics: Administration, Topical; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Colistin; Ear Canal; Ear Diseases; Ear Neoplasms; Granuloma; Hydrocortisone; Keratins; Neomycin; Otitis Externa; Polyps; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds

Topics: Acinetobacter; Biomedical Research; Colistin; Enterobacter aerogenes; Escherichia coli Infections; Hydrocortisone; Klebsiella; Neomycin; Otitis Externa; Proteus Infections; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pseudomonas Infections; Staphylococcal Infections

Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Child; Colistin; Drug Therapy; Enterobacteriaceae; Geriatrics; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Infant; Infections; Neomycin; Otitis Externa; Pseudomonas; Staphylococcal Infections

Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Aluminum; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Child; Colistin; Dermatologic Agents; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Oils; Otitis Externa; Otitis Media; Sulfonamides

Topics: Child; Colistin; Ear Diseases; Eustachian Tube; Humans; Otitis Externa; Otitis Media

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteriology; Colistin; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Mastoiditis; Neomycin; Otitis Externa; Otitis Media; Puerto Rico; Solutions; Toxicology

Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Colistin; Hydrocortisone; Neomycin; Otitis Externa; Pseudomonas Infections; Staphylococcal Infections

Topics: Colistin; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Neomycin; Otitis Externa

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacillus; Cartilage Diseases; Colistin; Ear Auricle; Ear, External; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Humans; Otitis Externa; Pseudomonas Infections