colistin and Keratitis

Topics: Bacteriological Techniques; Colistin; Corneal Transplantation; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Keratitis; Male; Polymyxins; Pseudomonas; Pseudomonas Infections; Staining and Labeling

The purposes of this study were to establish a rabbit multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDRP) keratitis model, and test the efficacy of levofloxacin, colistin methanesulfate (CL-M), colistin sulfate (CL-S) and polymyxin B (PL-B) against MDRP infection. In a rabbit eye, making a 2-mm circular corneal excision, and MDRP strain #601 or representative P. aeruginosa strain IID1210 were instilled into the corneal concavity. IID1210 was used to confirm this model developed P. aeruginosa keratitis. After MDRP keratitis developed, we treated the eyes with levofloxacin, CL-M, CL-S or PL-B eye drops. The infected eyes were evaluated by clinical score, histopathological examination and viable bacterial count (CFU). Rabbits developed MDRP keratitis reproducibly after instilled the bacteria into the corneal lesion. MDRP produced severe keratitis similarly with IID1210, as shown by slit lamp examination and clinical score. In MDRP keratitis models, clinical scores and viable bacterial counts were significantly lower in levofloxacin- and CL-M-treated groups compared with PBS-treated group, but the magnitudes of reduction were not remarkable. However, clinical scores were dramatically lowered in CL-S- and PL-B-treated groups compared with PBS-treated group. CL-S- and PL-B-treated group were kept corneal translucency and little influx of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in histopathological examination. In addition, both CL-S- and PL-B-treated groups were not detected viable bacteria in infected cornea. Using our MDRP keratitis model, we showed that topical levofloxacin and CL-M are not adequately effective, while CL-S and PL-B are efficacious in controlling MDRP keratitis. Especially, PL-B, which is commercially available eye drop, might be most effective against MDRP.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Colistin; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Keratitis; Levofloxacin; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Polymyxin B; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pseudomonas Infections; Rabbits

The in vivo antibacterial effectiveness in the rabbit cornea of several commercially available ophthalmic antibiotic preparations was determined against a single strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from a human corneal ulcer. Each antibiotic was instilled topically at hourly intervals, and the number of residual viable organisms in the cornea subsequently was ascertained. In vivo measurements correlated well with in vitro data and with generally held clinical impressions. Three antibiotics, gentamicin sulfate, polymyxin B sulfate, and colistin sulfate, suppressed corneal growth of P aeruginosa in commercially available concentrations. Gentamicin was slightly more effective than polymyxin B; both drugs were substantially more effective than colistin. Formulations of gentamicin and polymyxin B containing approximately four times the quantity of drug found in commercial preparations eliminated this P aeruginosa strain from the cornea much more rapidly than did the commercial preparations.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Colistin; Gentamicins; Keratitis; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Polymyxins; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pseudomonas Infections; Rabbits

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alkalies; Child; Chloramphenicol; Colistin; Cornea; Corneal Ulcer; Eye Burns; Eye Diseases; Female; Heparin; Humans; Keratitis; Keratitis, Dendritic; Keratoconjunctivitis; Male; Middle Aged; Polymyxins; Postoperative Complications; Retinal Detachment

Topics: Animals; Colistin; Gentamicins; Injections; Keratitis; Neomycin; Ophthalmic Solutions; Polymyxins; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pseudomonas Infections; Rabbits; Tyrothricin

Topics: Ampicillin; Animals; Colistin; Keratitis; Nalidixic Acid; Penicillins; Proteus; Proteus Infections; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pseudomonas Infections; Rabbits

Five cases of Pseudomonas keratitis have been presented. Suggestions relative to the use of subpalpebral lavage in the management of this infection have been offered.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Colistin; Cornea; Drug Therapy, Combination; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Instillation, Drug; Keratitis; Polymyxin B; Pseudomonas; Pseudomonas Infections

Topics: Animals; Chloramphenicol; Colistin; Kanamycin; Keratitis; Polymyxins; Pseudomonas Infections; Rabbits; Streptomycin; Sulfonamides

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Antifungal Agents; Colistin; Corneal Ulcer; Diagnosis, Differential; Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus; Humans; Idoxuridine; Keratitis; Keratoconus; Mycoses; Natamycin; Nystatin; Polymyxins

Topics: Adolescent; Chloramphenicol; Colistin; Cornea; Dexamethasone; Drug Therapy; Iatrogenic Disease; Keratitis; Penicillins; Pseudomonas; Pseudomonas Infections; Recurrence; Toxicology

Topics: Colistin; Conjunctivitis; Dacryocystitis; Humans; Keratitis; Ophthalmology

Topics: Colistin; Keratitis; Pseudomonas; Pseudomonas Infections

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Colistin; Conjunctiva; Cornea; Corneal Diseases; Disease; Keratitis; Pseudomonas Infections