colistin and Fish-Diseases

Two novel phosphoethanolamine transferase genes, eptAv7 and eptAv3, were identified in the chromosome of an Aeromonas jandaei isolate from retail fish. The variants showed 79.9% and 80.0% amino acid identity to MCR-7.1 and MCR-3.1, respectively, and increased colistin resistance 128- to 256-fold in Aeromonas salmonicida. The two variants with no mobile genetic element in the flanking regions were also observed in other Aeromonas species. This finding supports the view that Aeromonas is a reservoir for MCR-3 and MCR-7 mobile colistin resistance.

Topics: Aeromonas; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Aquaculture; Bacterial Proteins; Colistin; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Ethanolaminephosphotransferase; Ethanolamines; Fish Diseases; Fishes; Humans; Phylogeny; Whole Genome Sequencing

The presence of the

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Aquaculture; beta-Lactams; Carps; China; Chromosomes, Bacterial; Colistin; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Epidemiological Monitoring; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Escherichia coli Proteins; Fish Diseases; Fluoroquinolones; Gene Expression; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Plasmids

To investigate Aeromonas spp. isolates for the presence of the novel resistance gene mcr-3 or variants thereof and to characterize the positive isolates by whole genome sequence analysis.. A total of 479 unrelated Aeromonas isolates were investigated by PCR for the genes mcr-1, mcr-2 and mcr-3. Positive isolates were investigated for their colistin MICs. Species assignment was based on sequence analysis of 16s rRNA and gyrB and rpoB genes. The mcr-carrying contigs obtained by WGS were analysed for the genetic environments of the mcr genes.. Four (0.84%) Aeromonas isolates were positive in the mcr-3-specific PCR assay, whereas none of the isolates harboured mcr-1 or mcr-2. Each of the four mcr-3 genes encoded a novel variant, which showed amino acid identities of 95.0%-98.0% to the original Mcr-3 protein. These variants were designated Mcr-3.6 [Aeromonas allosaccharophila from golden orfe (Leuciscus idus)], Mcr-3.7 [Aeromonas media from turkey (Meleagris gallopavo)], Mcr-3.8 [Aeromonas jandaei from koi carp (Cyprinus carpio)] and Mcr-3.9 [Aeromonas hydrophila from koi carp]. The isolate harbouring the mcr-3.9 gene carried an additional mcr-3.8 gene and showed a distinctly higher colistin MIC of ≥128 mg/L than all other isolates. The genetic environments of the mcr-3 variant genes in all four isolates differed, but in part resembled the flanking regions of mcr-3.3 from Aeromonas veronii of chicken meat.. This study identified four novel Mcr-3 variants. The isolates carrying the respective genes dated back to 2005 suggesting that this gene has existed for more than 12 years.

Topics: Aeromonas; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Proteins; Cluster Analysis; Colistin; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Fish Diseases; Fishes; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Phylogeny; Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Sequence Homology; Turkeys; Whole Genome Sequencing

Vibrio is characterized by a large number of species and some of them are human pathogens causing gastro intestinal and wound infections through the ingestion or manipulation of contaminated fishes including Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio alginolyticus. In this study, we reported the phenotypic and molecular characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio alginolyticus strains isolated from wild and farm sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) along the Tunisian coast from December 2015 to April 2016. Therefore, the antibiograms indicate a difference between farmed and wild fish. Resistance against amoxicillin antibiotic appears for the bacteria isolated from wild fish, while those from aquaculture farming presented sensitivity to amoxicillin and resistance to antibiotics colistin and fusidic acid. The chloramphenicol antibiotic exhibited a high sensitivity in all isolated bacteria. In fact, traces of amoxicillin in the organs of the fish from Hergla farm were detected by UPLC-MS/MS analysis during December 2016 to April 2016. In addition, antibiotics were detected in January 2014 with high concentration of norfloxacin 2262 ng/g in fish from Hergla coast. The results obtained in this work indicated that the use and presence of antibiotics in water impacts on the occurrence of resistant bacteria and the detection of antibiotic in fish.

Topics: Amoxicillin; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Aquaculture; Bacteria; Chloramphenicol; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Colistin; DNA, Bacterial; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Fish Diseases; Fisheries; Food Contamination; Fusidic Acid; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Norfloxacin; Sea Bream; Seafood; Seawater; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tunisia; Vibrio alginolyticus; Vibrio Infections; Vibrio parahaemolyticus; Water Pollutants, Chemical

Two hundred and eighty four presumptive but not confirmed Vibrio vulnificus isolates grown on cellobiose-polymixin B-colistin agar (CPC) at 40 degrees C, recovered from sea water samples from Valencia, Spain, during a microbiological survey for V. vulnificus, were phenotypically identified. Most of the isolates (91%) corresponded to Vibrio species. V. harveyi (24%) and V. splendidus(19%) were the most abundant species identified, followed by V. navarrensis (13%), V. alginolyticus (8%) and V. parahaemolyticus (5%). The ability to grow on CPC agar and ferment cellobiose of several V. vulnificus strains from different origins and serovars, including reference strains, was tested. Most serovar E isolates and 25% of non-serovar E isolates could not grow on CPC agar.

Topics: Agar; Animals; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Bacteriological Techniques; Cellobiose; Colistin; Culture Media; Eels; Fermentation; Fish Diseases; Mediterranean Sea; Polymyxin B; Seasons; Species Specificity; Vibrio; Water Microbiology