colistin and Colorectal-Neoplasms

Infectious complications and especially anastomotic leakage (AL) severely impede the recuperation of patients following colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery. When the normal gut barrier fails, as in AL, pathogenic microorganisms can enter the circulation and may cause severe sepsis which is associated with substantial mortality. Moreover, AL has a negative impact on the CRC prognosis. Selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) employs oral nonabsorbable antibiotics to eradicate pathogenic microorganisms before elective tumour resection.. In this multicentre randomised clinical trial, perioperative SDD in addition to standard antibiotic prophylaxis is compared with standard antibiotic prophylaxis alone in patients with CRC who undergo elective surgical resection with a curative intent. The SDD regimen consists of colistin, tobramycin and amphotericin B. The primary objectives of this randomised clinical trial are to evaluate if perioperative SDD reduces the incidence of clinical AL and its septic consequences as well as other infectious complications. A main secondary objective is improvement of the cancer-free survival. A total of 762 patients will be included in total for sufficient power.. It is hypothesised that SDD will reduce clinical AL thereby reducing the morbidity and the mortality in CRC patients.. The trial is investigator-initiated, investigator-driven and supported by the Dutch Digestive Foundation (WO 11-06) and the private Posthumus Meyes Fund.. The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01740947.

Topics: Amphotericin B; Anastomotic Leak; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Colistin; Colorectal Neoplasms; Decontamination; Digestive System; Elective Surgical Procedures; Humans; Perioperative Care; Tobramycin

This study aimed to explore the effect of gut microbiota-regulated Kupffer cells (KCs) on colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastasis.. A series of. Fewer liver metastases were identified in the ampicillin-streptomycin-colistin and colistin groups. Increased proportions of. An increased abundance of

Topics: Ampicillin; Colistin; Colorectal Neoplasms; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Liver; Liver Neoplasms; Streptomycin; Tumor Microenvironment; Vancomycin

Antibiotic resistance and extensive use of antibiotics are amongst the major causes of failure in antibiotic treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate antibiotic resistance patterns and to identify resistance genes of quinolones and colistin in Escherichia coli. There are a very few patents on E. coli isolated from colorectal cancer. So, this study demonstrates that some bacteria resistant to ciprofloxacin have not resistance genes.Moreover, new patterns for E. coli are presented for isolates of patients with colorectal cancer.. Of the three healthy people, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) patients and colorectal cancer patients, 40 E. coli strains isolated after confirmation by biochemical and molecular methods. The susceptibility of isolates to antibiotics was investigated using disk diffusion test. After deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extraction, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify genes encoding resistance to ciprofloxacin (qnr A, qnr B) and colistin (mcr-1).. The results showed that E. coli isolates from colorectal cancer patients had the highest resistance to piperacillin (67.5%), ceftazidime (47.5%), and cefepime (42.5%). Also, E. coli strains isolated from IBD patients showed resistance to antibiotic ceftazidime 13%. More than 95% of E. coli strains isolated from healthy people were susceptible to antibiotics. Based on the results, 18 (15%) E. coli strains showed resistance to ciprofloxacin. The qnr A gene was detected in 61.11% isolates; however, qnr B was detected in 9 (50%) isolates. Isolates resistant to colistin were not observed.. These findings indicate increased resistance of E. coli to ciprofloxacin in comparison with prior studies. Further research in this field will increase our knowledge and more effective exposure to the antibiotic resistance of the pathogenic microorganisms.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Colistin; Colorectal Neoplasms; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Intestinal Mucosa; Iran; Quinolones