coenzyme-q10 and Gingivitis

Mouthwash solutions are mainly used for their antiseptic properties. They currently include synthetic agents (chlorhexidine, triclosan, etc.) or essential oils (especially Listerine). Many natural extracts may also be used. These associate both antiseptic effects and direct action on host response, due to their antioxidant, immunoregulatory, analgesic, buffering, or healing properties. The best known are avocado oil, manuka oil, propolis oil, grapefruit seed extract, pycnogenol, aloe vera, Q10 coenzyme, green tea, and megamin. The development of new technologies, such as microencapsulation (GingiNat concept), may allow an in situ slow release of active ingredients during several hours, and open new perspectives for mouthwash solutions.

Topics: Aloe; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Antioxidants; Camellia sinensis; Chlorhexidine; Citrus paradisi; Dental Plaque; Drug Compounding; Flavonoids; Gingivitis; Humans; Leptospermum; Mouthwashes; Oils, Volatile; Persea; Plant Extracts; Plant Oils; Propolis; Technology, Pharmaceutical; Triclosan; Ubiquinone; Zeolites

Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant status in periodontal diseases and periodontal-related pathologies is an item of growing interest. Immunohistochemical approach may be usefully employed in the study of soft tissues affected by periodontal disease, giving valuable information on tissue morphology and vascular proliferation that depends directly on the inflammatory state. In order to study CoQ(10) and vitamin E content in healthy gingiva and in gingivitis a new adaptation to previously published methods for their determination was adopted. During gingivitis tissue displayed a large inflammatory infiltration in the lamina propria and a VEGF positive squamous epithelium. The inflammatory infiltration consisted mainly of lymphocytes, plasma cells and neutrophils. Vitamin E dramatically decreased and CoQ(10) remained unchanged despite the increased amount of cells present in the periodontally affected tissues, indicating that continuous oxidative stress which occurred in these structure affected the antioxidant pattern of the tissue.

Topics: Antioxidants; Coenzymes; Gingiva; Gingivitis; Humans; Ubiquinone; Vitamin E