clove and Stomach-Neoplasms

The Unit of the anatomo-pathology in the "Institut Pasteur de Madagascar" (IPM) examined in the period from September 1992 to June 1996 tissue specimens from 10,275 patients. Tumorous pathology presented 40% of the tissues and half of which were of malign etiology. 64% of the cancer diagnosed were in females. Cervical cancer was most frequently observed (17%), followed by breast cancer (16%). Cancer in the gastro-intestinal tract (15%) was most often located in the colon without sex difference. Stomach cancer occurring predominantly in males presented 25% of the total cases of cancer in the gastro-intestinal tract. Cancer of liver is rarely diagnosed despite the high prevalence of infection with hepatitis B virus. Skin cancer constituted 9% of the malign diagnosis and was mainly found in males. Children under 15 years old presented 7.4% of the total cases of malignancy with the haematopoietic tissues (30%) and the eyes (17%) as the most frequent topic locations. Due to a very low seroprevalence of the HIV in Madagascar, malign tumours associated to AIDS were only seen in a few rare cases. The review of cancer cases in the IPM may not be representative for the cancer epidemiology of Madagascar because of a general very low level of health care coverage, especially in the rural areas. Furthermore, a major part of the specimens originates from easily accessible organsystems, whereas other organs seem less investigated due to lack of appropriate available technique. Therefore, it is not feasible for the moment to establish a cancer register in Madagascar, although the Unit of Pathology in the IPM can offer a valid cancer diagnostical service.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Breast Neoplasms; Child; Child, Preschool; Colonic Neoplasms; Eye Neoplasms; Female; Hematologic Neoplasms; Humans; Infant; Madagascar; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Sex Factors; Skin Neoplasms; Stomach Neoplasms; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

The experience of the Digestive Endoscopy Center of the Soavinandriana Hospital in Antananarivo provides insight into not only esogastroduodenal disease in Madagascar but also technical problems involved in performing esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy in tropical areas. From September 1990 to March 1995 a total of 12000 esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy procedures were performed without complication. The main finding was duodenal ulcer which observed in 3580 cases (29.8% of patients) followed by peptic esophagitis due to gastroesophageal reflux in 555 cases and gastric ulcer in 460 cases. Esophageal cancer was detected in 16 cases and malignant gastroduodenal tumor in 82 cases including 63 adenocarcinomas and 5 digestive lymphomas. Overall 4156 procedures (34.6%) were normal and 1130 procedures (9.4%) were performed to investigate digestive tract hemorrhage. These findings document the high incidence of duodenal ulcer in Madagascar where treatment of this condition is difficult due to the high cost. This study underlines the problems encountered in operating an endoscopy department in tropical areas especially with regard to desinfection of equipment and training of endoscopists.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Child; Child, Preschool; Endoscopy, Digestive System; Esophageal Neoplasms; Esophagitis; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Madagascar; Male; Middle Aged; Peptic Ulcer; Stomach Neoplasms; Tropical Medicine

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Colonic Neoplasms; Esophageal Neoplasms; Europe; Female; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms; Humans; Infant; Intestinal Neoplasms; Madagascar; Male; Middle Aged; Rectal Neoplasms; Stomach Neoplasms