cloprostenol and Hypertrichosis

Prostaglandin F2α analogs, commonly prescribed for glaucoma treatment, have been shown to induce side effects such as cutaneous hypertrichosis and hyperpigmentation. Therefore, these medications have theoretic applications in the treatment of alopecia and disorders of hypopigmentation. We reviewed the literature to find original studies assessing the use of prostaglandin F2α analogs in these settings. Studies and reports were analyzed in regards to androgenic alopecia, alopecia areata, chemotherapy-induced alopecia, vitiligo, and hypopigmented scarring. Based on the results of these studies, and consideration of pathophysiologic mechanism, the most promising applications for prostaglandin F2α analogs include androgenic alopecia, chemotherapy-induced alopecia, and alopecia areata concurrently treated with corticosteroids.

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Alopecia; Amides; Animals; Bimatoprost; Cloprostenol; Dinoprost; Disease Models, Animal; Double-Blind Method; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Eyelashes; Glaucoma; Hair Follicle; Humans; Hyperpigmentation; Hypertrichosis; Hypopigmentation; Melanins; Mice; Prostaglandins F, Synthetic; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Retrospective Studies; Single-Blind Method

To determine whether bimatoprost (Lumigan, Allergan Inc., Irvine, CA) causes increased lash length when used in gel suspension applied to the base of the eyelashes.. Randomized controlled trial.. Nineteen subjects were enrolled.. Subjects recruited from the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute were screened, and those who met inclusion criteria were enrolled. Each participant received 2 vials of gel suspension, which contained bimatoprost and normal saline, respectively, each mixed 1:1 with Gonak gel (Akorn Inc., Lake Forest, IL) and labeled "right eye" and "left eye" according to randomization. The suspension was applied to the upper eyelid eyelashes every evening on the designated eye for 6 weeks.. Lash length was measured with a caliper at enrollment, at weekly intervals during the application of the gel, and at 1 and 3 months after discontinuation of its use. Visual acuity, ocular symptoms, intraocular pressure, and photographs were documented at these same intervals.. The mean eyelash growth from baseline in the bimatoprost group was 2.0 mm versus a mean of 1.1 mm in the placebo group, which was a statistically significant difference (P=0.009). The average intraocular pressure decreased equally in both groups (2 mmHg). No change in visual acuity or iris discoloration was noted in any of the subjects.. Our data showed an increase in eyelash length with the use of bimatoprost in gel suspension, suggesting the product's eyelash-lengthening properties.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Amides; Bimatoprost; Cloprostenol; Double-Blind Method; Eye Color; Eyelashes; Female; Gels; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Intraocular Pressure; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Visual Acuity; Young Adult

Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Amides; Bimatoprost; Cloprostenol; Eyelashes; Female; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Iris Diseases; Pigmentation Disorders

Prostaglandin analogues (PGA) are ocular hypotensive agents used for the treatment of glaucoma. Hypertrichosis of the eyelashes has been reported in humans as a side effect. Eyelash growth was investigated with clinical trials in people using bimatoprost. Scattered reports of eyelash growth during the treatment of glaucoma with other PGA are also found in the literature. We investigated the effect of 4 different topical PGA on eyelash length.. Forty New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 4 groups and received daily topical application of bimatoprost, tafluprost, travoprost, and latanoprost in the left eye for 4 weeks. The right eye received no treatment. Eyelash length was measured in both eyes before and after treatment using a stainless steel digital caliper.. Bimatoprost and tafluprost groups had significant increases in eyelash length. We did not observe significant eyelash growth in rabbits receiving travoprost and latanoprost after 1 month of treatment.. Today, only bimatoprost is approved for growing eyelashes, and our research shows that tafluprost could be further explored by the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry. Additional research using travoprost and latanoprost as agents for eyelash growth should be performed in the future using prolonged treatment periods to determine whether or not these PGA induce eyelash growth, and investigate other possible side effects.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Amides; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Bimatoprost; Cloprostenol; Eyelashes; Female; Hypertrichosis; Latanoprost; Male; Prostaglandins F; Prostaglandins F, Synthetic; Rabbits; Travoprost

Studies on bimatoprost were performed with two objectives: (i) to determine whether bimatoprost possesses hair growth-stimulating properties beyond eyelash hypertrichosis and (ii) to investigate the biodisposition of bimatoprost in skin for the first time. Bimatoprost, at the dose used clinically for eyelash growth (0.03%) and given once daily for 14 days, increased pelage hair growth in C57/black 6 mice. This occurred as a much earlier onset of new hair growth in shaved mice and the time taken to achieve complete hair regrowth, according to photographic documentation and visual assessment. Bimatoprost biodisposition in the skin was determined at three concentrations: 0.01%, 0.03% and 0.06%. Dose-dependent C(max) values were obtained (3.41, 6.74, 12.3 μg/g tissue), and cutaneous bimatoprost was well maintained for 24 h following a single dose. Bimatoprost was recovered from the skin only as the intact molecule, with no detectable levels of metabolites. Thus, bimatoprost produces hypertrichosis as the intact molecule.

Topics: Amides; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Bimatoprost; Cloprostenol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Eyelashes; Hair; Hypertrichosis; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Prostaglandins; Skin; Time Factors

Hypertrichosis or alopecia of the eyelashes is associated with various diseases or may be drug induced. Although neither increase nor loss of eyelashes is life threatening, eyelash disorders can be psychologically disturbing. However, as control of eyelash growth and the underlying mechanisms of eyelash hypo- or hypertrichosis are largely obscure, available therapy is limited.. To improve this situation, we sought to establish a pragmatic, well-defined mouse model for the study and pharmacological investigation of eyelash follicle biology..   We took a morphometric approach to establish an eyelash model using female C57BL/6J mice by comparing with pelage hairs and highlighting the differences. We next applied a hypertrichosis-triggering agent and investigated its effect using the model.. In eyelashes, a synchronized growth cycle was observed after morphogenesis but was completed earlier than pelage hairs. Exogen was strictly regulated and occurred in every cycle in the eyelash. Otherwise, general morphological features of mouse eyelashes (shafts, follicles, morphogenesis and growth cycle) were comparable with those of pelage hairs. The eyelash growth-stimulatory agent in humans, bimatoprost, significantly extended the duration of anagen, resulting in more and longer eyelashes, but there was no evidence of follicle neogenesis.. This study shows that mouse eyelashes offer an excellent in vivo model for the quantitative and qualitative analysis of eyelash morphology, development, growth cycle, exogen and pharmacological modulation. This model will help to elucidate the unknown molecular controls of eyelash growth, and to develop novel drugs to treat eyelash disorders.

Topics: Amides; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Bimatoprost; Cell Cycle; Cloprostenol; Disease Models, Animal; Eyelashes; Female; Hair Follicle; Hypertrichosis; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C

Topics: Aged; Amides; Bimatoprost; Cloprostenol; Glaucoma; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Lipids; Male

After application of bimatoprost containing eye drops for four weeks, a 72 year-old patient, suffering from glaucoma, developed hyperpigmentation and hypertrichosis of the eyelids. These symptoms can be seen in 1-10% of the patients as side effects in local therapy with bimatoprost, a prostaglandin analogue. The changes persist for varying periods of time but are reversible. Although prostaglandin analogues are sometimes more effective in the reduction of the intraocular pressure than beta-adrenoreceptor blocking agents, they remain second-line choices because of their side effects. This case report is meant to re-stimulate interest in the as yet obscure role of prostaglandins in hair biology, in clarifying the underlying mechanisms, and in exploring the possible therapeutic use of prostaglandin analogues in the management of hair loss (e.g. in androgenetic alopecia) or hair depigmentation (e.g. poliosis, canities).

Topics: Aged; Amides; Bimatoprost; Cloprostenol; Eyelid Diseases; Female; Glaucoma; Humans; Hyperpigmentation; Hypertrichosis; Lipids; Ophthalmic Solutions; Treatment Outcome

To report hypertrichosis and increased pigmentation of vellus hairs of the malar region associated with topical bimatoprost usage.. Interventional case report. In a female Hispanic patient with open-angle glaucoma, hypertrichosis, and increased pigmentation of the vellus hairs of the malar region developed after 8 weeks of unilateral treatment with bimatoprost. Increased growth of eyelashes was also noted.. Bimatoprost was discontinued, with the intention of monitoring for resolution of hypertrichosis. The patient epilated the hair because of poor cosmetic appearance. Two months after epilating the hair, growth did not recur.. Increased hair growth in the malar region can be an early side effect of topical use of ocular bimatoprost.

Topics: Amides; Antihypertensive Agents; Bimatoprost; Cloprostenol; Eyelashes; Female; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Intraocular Pressure; Lipids; Middle Aged; Zygoma

To report poliosis as a side effect associated with topical prostaglandin F(2alpha) (PGF(2alpha)) analogs.. Case series.. Seven patients treated with different topical PGF(2alpha) analogs for primary open angle glaucoma developed bilateral poliosis, either alone or in combination with other adverse effects of PGF(2alpha) analog therapy.. Poliosis is a possible adverse effect of topical PGF(2alpha) analog therapy which is previously unreported. Topical PGF(2alpha) analog therapy should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients with poliosis.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Amides; Antihypertensive Agents; Bimatoprost; Cloprostenol; Eyelashes; Female; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Hair Diseases; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Intraocular Pressure; Latanoprost; Lipids; Male; Middle Aged; Pigmentation Disorders; Prostaglandins F, Synthetic; Travoprost

A previously unreported complication of the use of prostaglandin analog medications for glaucoma therapy is described. A patient with monocular open-angle glaucoma had trichiasis, a condition associated with the use of a prostaglandin analog. The patient was treated with radiofrequency cautery and is now asymptomatic. The unmedicated eye remains asymptomatic to date. Increased lash length, thickness, and pigmentation are well-documented side effects of prostaglandin analog glaucoma drops. Physicians must consider this when prescribing these medications for patients with misdirected eyelashes.

Topics: Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Catheter Ablation; Cloprostenol; Eyelashes; Female; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Travoprost

Topics: Adult; Amides; Antihypertensive Agents; Bimatoprost; Cloprostenol; Diagnosis, Differential; Eyelashes; Eyelid Diseases; Female; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Lipids; Male; Middle Aged; Ophthalmic Solutions

The phenyl-substituted analog of prostaglandin F 2alpha , latanoprost (Xalatan; Pfizer, Inc, New York, NY) is an intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering drug for use in patients with glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Latanoprost has been shown to stimulate eyelash hypertrichosis and has recently been proposed as a possible treatment for alopecia areata involving the eyelashes. We report a case of hypertrichosis of the eyelashes caused by the prostamide bimatoprost (Lumigan; Allergan, Inc, Irvine, Calif), a new IOP-lowering drug.

Topics: Aged; Amides; Antihypertensive Agents; Bimatoprost; Cloprostenol; Eyelashes; Female; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Lipids