clonidine has been researched along with Drug Withdrawal Symptoms in 726 studies
Clonidine: An imidazoline sympatholytic agent that stimulates ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and central IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is commonly used in the management of HYPERTENSION.
clonidine (amino form) : A clonidine that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dichlorophenyl group.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "Clonidine was used to reduce withdrawal symptoms of nicotine and increase the success rate of smoking cessation in the smoking cessation clinic of Siriraj Hospital." | 9.08 | Clonidine for smoking cessation. ( Nana, A; Praditsuwan, R, 1998) |
| "Clonidine in doses of 150 to 450 micrograms per day has been reported to reduce symptoms of craving associated with tobacco withdrawal and, in some cases, to improve long-term abstinence rates of smoking cessation programs." | 9.07 | A placebo-controlled study of three clonidine doses for smoking cessation. ( Forbes, A; Gourlay, S; Kutin, J; Marriner, T; McNeil, J, 1994) |
| "Clonidine may be useful in controlling tobacco withdrawal and in facilitating smoking cessation." | 9.07 | Transdermal clonidine reduced some withdrawal symptoms but did not increase smoking cessation. ( Daughton, DM; Grimm, RH; Heim, C; Nett, L; Petty, TL; Prochazka, AV; Rennard, SI; Sachs, DP; Silvers, GW, 1992) |
| "Guanfacine, an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, was compared with clonidine as step-2 therapy of mild to moderate essential hypertension in a 24-week, double-blind, randomized, parallel evaluation to determine efficacy, safety and occurrence of withdrawal syndrome." | 9.06 | Comparison of guanfacine versus clonidine for efficacy, safety and occurrence of withdrawal syndrome in step-2 treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension. ( Bedsole, G; Fillingim, J; Hall, D; Haring, O; Jagger, P; Lewin, A; McMahon, FG; Roginsky, M; Stepansky, W; Wilson, MF, 1986) |
| "The effects of clonidine, a centrally acting alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonist, on depth of fentanyl anesthesia and on cardiovascular response to laryngoscopy and intubation were studied." | 9.06 | Effects of clonidine on narcotic requirements and hemodynamic response during induction of fentanyl anesthesia and endotracheal intubation. ( Calvillo, O; Duke, PC; Ghignone, M; Kehler, CH; Quintin, L, 1986) |
| "Present study investigated the role of agmatine in ethanol-induced anxiolysis and withdrawal anxiety using elevated plus maze (EPM) test in rats." | 7.76 | Agmatine, an endogenous imidazoline receptor ligand modulates ethanol anxiolysis and withdrawal anxiety in rats. ( Chopde, CT; Kotagale, NR; Patel, MR; Shelkar, GP; Taksande, BG; Ugale, RR, 2010) |
| "Abrupt withdrawal from clonidine therapy is a well-known cause of hyperadrenergic symptoms, but reports of acute myocardial infarction are extremely rare." | 7.72 | Acute myocardial infarction as a complication of clonidine withdrawal. ( Gifford, W; Goldberg, R; Kishineff, S; Simic, J, 2003) |
| "Both alpha(2)-adrenoceptors and the L-arginine/nitric oxide (NO) pathway have been implicated in the modulation of morphine dependence." | 7.71 | The effects of simultaneous administration of alpha(2) -adrenergic agents with L-NAME or L-arginine on the development and expression of morphine dependence in mice. ( Fayaz-Dastgerdi, M; Homayoun, H; Khavandgar, S; Zarrindast, MR, 2002) |
| "We examined the effect of morphine dependence on alpha 2-adrenoceptors in guinea-pig brain." | 7.69 | [Changes in alpha 2-adrenoceptor binding nature in guinea-pig brain following the development of morphine dependence]. ( Asano, T; Dohi, S; Niwa, M; Nozaki, M; Ohta, S; Takeda, T, 1997) |
| "In ten patients with essential hypertension, 6 weeks of treatment with a clonidine/diuretic combination (1 retard capsule/day, 75 micrograms or 150 micrograms clonidine, and 15 mg chlortalidon) was suddenly discontinued." | 7.67 | [Clonidine-diuretic combination in patients with essential hypertension. Modification of sympathetic activity and blood pressure as well as the reaction following sudden withdrawal]. ( Beckenbauer, UE; Planz, G, 1984) |
| " Thirty subjects with hypertension on hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) were randomized to TIAM or CLON." | 7.67 | Withdrawal phenomena in subjects with essential hypertension on clonidine or tiamenidine. ( Hamilton, BP; Hamilton, J; Kuzbida, G; Levinson, P; Mersey, JH; Pavlis, R, 1984) |
| "In order to prevent symptoms of drug withdrawal during pregnancy, we treated a woman with clonidine, an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist with central and peripheral actions." | 7.67 | [Treatment of withdrawal symptoms using clonidine during pregnancy]. ( Heidenreich, W; Knitsch, W; Plein, S; Pohl, S, 1989) |
| "The densities of brain alpha 2-adrenoceptors and mu-opioid receptors, quantitated by means of the binding of the agonists [3H]clonidine and [3H]dihydromorphine, respectively, were studied during the development of morphine dependence and spontaneous withdrawal in the rat." | 7.67 | Modulation of brain alpha 2-adrenoceptor and mu-opioid receptor densities during morphine dependence and spontaneous withdrawal in rats. ( García-Sevilla, JA; Ugedo, L; Ulibarri, I, 1987) |
| "Withdrawal of chronic infusion of clonidine elicits severe tachycardia and short-lasting blood pressure elevations (upswings)." | 7.67 | Location of the mechanism of the clonidine withdrawal tachycardia in rats. ( Jonkman, FA; Man, PW; Thoolen, MJ; van Zwieten, PA, 1985) |
| " Clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist, was used to treat three patients with "idiopathic" diabetic diarrhea after other treatments had failed: The volume of diarrhea declined significantly (p less than 0." | 7.67 | Treatment of diabetic diarrhea with clonidine. ( Chang, EB; Fedorak, RN; Field, M, 1985) |
| "Clonidine withdrawal syndrome is described in a patient with heart failure and suspected cardiogenic shock." | 7.67 | Clonidine withdrawal syndrome in a patient with heart failure. ( Donker, AJ; van der Geest, S; van Dijk, RB, 1985) |
| "Ventricular tachycardia developed after the abrupt withdrawal of clonidine in a patient with atrial septal defect of the ostium secundum type, renal insufficiency, and hypertension." | 7.67 | Ventricular tachycardia induced by clonidine withdrawal. ( Koiwaya, Y; Nakagawa, S; Yamamoto, Y, 1985) |
| "1 We have compared, in patients with severe hypertension, the administration of intravenous labetalol by single rapid injection, by repeated bolus injections, and by incremental infusion." | 7.66 | Intravenous labetalol in the treatment of severe hypertension. ( Brown, JJ; Cumming, AM; Lever, AF; Robertson, JI, 1982) |
| "The use of clonidine in the management of opiate abstinence is presented in a patient dependent upon levorphanol tartrate given for chronic pain." | 7.66 | The use of clonidine for management of opiate abstinence in a chronic pain patient. ( Bakris, GL; Cross, PD; Hammarsten, JE, 1982) |
| "Clonidine's action on naloxone (Nx)-induced suppression of fixed-ratio (FR15) responding and body weight loss was studied in morphine (M)-dependent rats." | 7.66 | Clonidine antagonizes naloxone-induced suppression of conditioned behavior and body weight loss in morphine-dependent rats. ( Meyer, DR; Sparber, SB, 1978) |
| "Rebound hypertension occurred in two patients upon clonidine withdrawal." | 7.66 | Hypertension after clonidine withdrawal. ( Batson, HM; deCarvalho, JG; Frohlich, ED; Husserl, FE, 1978) |
| "Clonidine, a proposed alpha-noradrenergic receptor stimulant, intensifies the aggression occuring during morphine-withdrawal or following the administration of apomorphine." | 7.65 | Enhancement of morphine-withdrawal and apomorphine-induced aggression by clonidine. ( Gianutsos, G; Hynes, MD; Lal, H, 1976) |
| "Its use in premedication and postoperative pain management may be limited by its principal effects of hypotension and bradycardia." | 6.38 | [The role of clonidine in anesthesia]. ( Heil, T; Koenigs, D; Striebel, HW, 1993) |
| "Clonidine therapy was used to alleviate symptoms of narcotic analgesic withdrawal." | 5.27 | Narcotic bowel syndrome treated with clonidine. Resolution of abdominal pain and intestinal pseudo-obstruction. ( Greenberger, NJ; McPhee, MS; Sandgren, JE, 1984) |
| " Detailed analysis revealed undoubted correlation between the dosage and favourable dynamics of precordial mapping parameters." | 5.27 | Intravenous clonidine in acute myocardial infarction in men. ( Lada, W; Zochowski, RJ, 1984) |
| "Serious ventricular arrhythmias, including brief ventricular tachycardia, developed in two patients who had greater increases in mean systolic blood pressure (28 +/- 3 vs 10 +/- 8 mm Hg) and double product (552 +/- 681 vs 333 +/- 195) than the others." | 5.27 | Cardiac arrhythmias after abrupt clonidine withdrawal. ( Hamilton, BP; Hamilton, J; Kuzbida, G; Pavlis, R; Peters, RW, 1983) |
| "Clonidine was administered as a bolus injection of 1-2 micrograms/kg body weight and repeated every 1-3 h." | 5.27 | Intravenous clonidine treatment in acute myocardial infarction (with comparison to a nitroglycerin-treated and control group). ( Lada, W; Zochowski, RJ, 1986) |
| "6 Labetalol is a useful addition to the medical treatment of phaeochromocytoma." | 5.26 | Treatment of phaeochromocytoma and of clonidine withdrawal hypertension with labetalol. ( Brown, JJ; Lever, AF; Robertson, AS; Robertson, JI; Rosei, EA; Trust, PM, 1976) |
| "Opioid detoxification is not an effective stand-alone treatment for heroin dependence but is nevertheless an essential step in the path to recovery." | 5.15 | Outpatient versus inpatient opioid detoxification: a randomized controlled trial. ( Day, E; Strang, J, 2011) |
| "Two hundred and twelve patients with heroin dependence were randomly assigned to the Jinniu capsule or lofexidine treatment groups during a 10-day double-blind clinical trial." | 5.13 | A comparative clinical study of the effects of the traditional Chinese medicine Jinniu capsules and lofexidine on acute heroin withdrawal symptoms. ( Chen, HX; Hao, W; Li, J; Li, SX; Liu, TT; Lu, L; Shen, LY; Shi, J; Wang, X; Xu, GZ, 2008) |
| "Overall, the combination of Buprenorphine and Valproate seems to be a safe and promising method for treating multiple drug withdrawal symptoms." | 5.12 | Treatment of polydrug-using opiate dependents during withdrawal: towards a standardisation of treatment. ( Clausen, T; Isaksen, A; Kristensen, Ø; Lølandsmo, T; Vederhus, JK, 2006) |
| "In this study, we evaluated the effect of intrathecal and oral clonidine as supplements to spinal anesthesia with lidocaine in patients at risk of postoperative alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS)." | 5.11 | Intrathecal and oral clonidine as prophylaxis for postoperative alcohol withdrawal syndrome: a randomized double-blinded study. ( Axelsson, K; Berggren, L; Dobrydnjov, I; Holmström, B; Samarütel, J, 2004) |
| "Clonidine was used to reduce withdrawal symptoms of nicotine and increase the success rate of smoking cessation in the smoking cessation clinic of Siriraj Hospital." | 5.08 | Clonidine for smoking cessation. ( Nana, A; Praditsuwan, R, 1998) |
| " During general anesthesia lasting about six hours with methohexital or propofol, naloxone was administered with doubling of the dose every 15 minutes with a starting bolus dose of 0." | 5.08 | Alternative strategies of opiate detoxification: evaluation of the so-called ultra-rapid detoxification. ( Gastpar, M; Kaube, H; Kienbaum, P; Klein, S; Peters, J; Scherbaum, N, 1998) |
| "Clonidine in doses of 150 to 450 micrograms per day has been reported to reduce symptoms of craving associated with tobacco withdrawal and, in some cases, to improve long-term abstinence rates of smoking cessation programs." | 5.07 | A placebo-controlled study of three clonidine doses for smoking cessation. ( Forbes, A; Gourlay, S; Kutin, J; Marriner, T; McNeil, J, 1994) |
| "Clonidine may be useful in controlling tobacco withdrawal and in facilitating smoking cessation." | 5.07 | Transdermal clonidine reduced some withdrawal symptoms but did not increase smoking cessation. ( Daughton, DM; Grimm, RH; Heim, C; Nett, L; Petty, TL; Prochazka, AV; Rennard, SI; Sachs, DP; Silvers, GW, 1992) |
| "Guanfacine, an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, was compared with clonidine as step-2 therapy of mild to moderate essential hypertension in a 24-week, double-blind, randomized, parallel evaluation to determine efficacy, safety and occurrence of withdrawal syndrome." | 5.06 | Comparison of guanfacine versus clonidine for efficacy, safety and occurrence of withdrawal syndrome in step-2 treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension. ( Bedsole, G; Fillingim, J; Hall, D; Haring, O; Jagger, P; Lewin, A; McMahon, FG; Roginsky, M; Stepansky, W; Wilson, MF, 1986) |
| "Clonidine's actions and efficacy in mental disorders are reviewed and examined." | 5.06 | Psychiatric indications for clonidine: the neuropharmacologic and clinical basis. ( Bond, WS, 1986) |
| "The effects of clonidine, a centrally acting alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonist, on depth of fentanyl anesthesia and on cardiovascular response to laryngoscopy and intubation were studied." | 5.06 | Effects of clonidine on narcotic requirements and hemodynamic response during induction of fentanyl anesthesia and endotracheal intubation. ( Calvillo, O; Duke, PC; Ghignone, M; Kehler, CH; Quintin, L, 1986) |
| "In 20 patients with mild to moderate hypertension, the effects of abrupt cessation of clonidine therapy on blood pressure, heart rate and catecholamine excretion were evaluated." | 5.04 | Abrupt cessation of clonidine administration: a prospective study. ( Anton, AH; Chrysant, SG; Dillard, BL; Whitsett, TL, 1978) |
| " It has also been used intravenously in phaeochromocytoma, tetanus, clonidine withdrawal, and as an adjunct to halothane to produce hypotensive anaesthesia." | 4.76 | Combined alpha- and beta-receptor inhibition in the treatment of hypertension. ( Prichard, BN, 1984) |
| "Clonidine is a central alpha(2)-agonist antihypertensive used widely for opioid/alcohol withdrawal, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and chronic pain management." | 3.83 | Intrathecal Clonidine Pump Failure Causing Acute Withdrawal Syndrome With 'Stress-Induced' Cardiomyopathy. ( Graudins, A; Lee, HM; Ruggoo, V, 2016) |
| "Present study investigated the role of agmatine in ethanol-induced anxiolysis and withdrawal anxiety using elevated plus maze (EPM) test in rats." | 3.76 | Agmatine, an endogenous imidazoline receptor ligand modulates ethanol anxiolysis and withdrawal anxiety in rats. ( Chopde, CT; Kotagale, NR; Patel, MR; Shelkar, GP; Taksande, BG; Ugale, RR, 2010) |
| "Abrupt withdrawal from clonidine therapy is a well-known cause of hyperadrenergic symptoms, but reports of acute myocardial infarction are extremely rare." | 3.72 | Acute myocardial infarction as a complication of clonidine withdrawal. ( Gifford, W; Goldberg, R; Kishineff, S; Simic, J, 2003) |
| "A patient with atypical bilateral facial pain reported the loss of analgesic effect of intracerebroventricular morphine delivered continuously via an implanted pump, accompanied by intolerable adverse side effects associated with the administered high dose of morphine." | 3.71 | Continuous intraventricular clonidine infusion in controlled morphine withdrawal--case report. ( Hussein, S; Lorenz, M; Verner, L, 2002) |
| "Both alpha(2)-adrenoceptors and the L-arginine/nitric oxide (NO) pathway have been implicated in the modulation of morphine dependence." | 3.71 | The effects of simultaneous administration of alpha(2) -adrenergic agents with L-NAME or L-arginine on the development and expression of morphine dependence in mice. ( Fayaz-Dastgerdi, M; Homayoun, H; Khavandgar, S; Zarrindast, MR, 2002) |
| " Most experiments were done under halothane anesthesia." | 3.70 | Antagonist precipitated clonidine withdrawal in rat: effects on locus coeruleus neurons, sympathetic nerves and cardiovascular parameters. ( Baertschi, AJ; Grubb, MC; Guyenet, PG; Pence, R; Stornetta, RL, 1998) |
| " Mitragynine (3-10 microM) did not show any effect on the smooth muscle contraction induced by acetylcholine or histamine." | 3.69 | Inhibitory effect of mitragynine, an alkaloid with analgesic effect from Thai medicinal plant Mitragyna speciosa, on electrically stimulated contraction of isolated guinea-pig ileum through the opioid receptor. ( Horie, S; Watanabe, K; Yamamoto, LT; Yano, S, 1997) |
| "We examined the effect of morphine dependence on alpha 2-adrenoceptors in guinea-pig brain." | 3.69 | [Changes in alpha 2-adrenoceptor binding nature in guinea-pig brain following the development of morphine dependence]. ( Asano, T; Dohi, S; Niwa, M; Nozaki, M; Ohta, S; Takeda, T, 1997) |
| "In ten patients with essential hypertension, 6 weeks of treatment with a clonidine/diuretic combination (1 retard capsule/day, 75 micrograms or 150 micrograms clonidine, and 15 mg chlortalidon) was suddenly discontinued." | 3.67 | [Clonidine-diuretic combination in patients with essential hypertension. Modification of sympathetic activity and blood pressure as well as the reaction following sudden withdrawal]. ( Beckenbauer, UE; Planz, G, 1984) |
| " Thirty subjects with hypertension on hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) were randomized to TIAM or CLON." | 3.67 | Withdrawal phenomena in subjects with essential hypertension on clonidine or tiamenidine. ( Hamilton, BP; Hamilton, J; Kuzbida, G; Levinson, P; Mersey, JH; Pavlis, R, 1984) |
| "A patient with disseminated cancer pain failed to obtain pain relief despite the intravenous infusion of hydromorphone at a rate equivalent to over 7 g of morphine/day." | 3.67 | Failure of epidural opioid to control cancer pain in a patient previously treated with massive doses of intravenous opioid. ( Cousins, MJ; Tanelian, DL, 1989) |
| "In order to prevent symptoms of drug withdrawal during pregnancy, we treated a woman with clonidine, an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist with central and peripheral actions." | 3.67 | [Treatment of withdrawal symptoms using clonidine during pregnancy]. ( Heidenreich, W; Knitsch, W; Plein, S; Pohl, S, 1989) |
| "The effects of placebo, propranolol, and clonidine on blood pressure and blood pressure variability were examined in 14 subjects who had moderate essential hypertension." | 3.67 | Blood pressure and blood pressure variability following withdrawal of propranolol and clonidine. ( Lowenstein, J; Neusy, AJ, 1989) |
| "The densities of brain alpha 2-adrenoceptors and mu-opioid receptors, quantitated by means of the binding of the agonists [3H]clonidine and [3H]dihydromorphine, respectively, were studied during the development of morphine dependence and spontaneous withdrawal in the rat." | 3.67 | Modulation of brain alpha 2-adrenoceptor and mu-opioid receptor densities during morphine dependence and spontaneous withdrawal in rats. ( García-Sevilla, JA; Ugedo, L; Ulibarri, I, 1987) |
| "Withdrawal of chronic infusion of clonidine elicits severe tachycardia and short-lasting blood pressure elevations (upswings)." | 3.67 | Location of the mechanism of the clonidine withdrawal tachycardia in rats. ( Jonkman, FA; Man, PW; Thoolen, MJ; van Zwieten, PA, 1985) |
| "The effects of the atypical antidepressant and serotonin antagonist mianserin on the expression of opiate withdrawal was examined using an acute and a chronic model of morphine dependence." | 3.67 | Mianserin attenuates naloxone-precipitated withdrawal signs in rats acutely or chronically dependent upon morphine. ( Neal, BS; Sparber, SB, 1986) |
| "We investigated the effect of morphine dependence on the migrating myoelectric complex (MMC) of the small intestine, whether bacterial overgrowth developed in morphine-dependent rats, and the effect of naloxone, 0." | 3.67 | Myoelectric activity of the small intestine during morphine dependence and withdrawal in rats. ( Kuperman, DA; Lynch, DF; Sninsky, CA, 1987) |
| " Clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist, was used to treat three patients with "idiopathic" diabetic diarrhea after other treatments had failed: The volume of diarrhea declined significantly (p less than 0." | 3.67 | Treatment of diabetic diarrhea with clonidine. ( Chang, EB; Fedorak, RN; Field, M, 1985) |
| "Clonidine withdrawal syndrome is described in a patient with heart failure and suspected cardiogenic shock." | 3.67 | Clonidine withdrawal syndrome in a patient with heart failure. ( Donker, AJ; van der Geest, S; van Dijk, RB, 1985) |
| "Ventricular tachycardia developed after the abrupt withdrawal of clonidine in a patient with atrial septal defect of the ostium secundum type, renal insufficiency, and hypertension." | 3.67 | Ventricular tachycardia induced by clonidine withdrawal. ( Koiwaya, Y; Nakagawa, S; Yamamoto, Y, 1985) |
| "Abrupt withdrawal of the centrally-acting antihypertensive agent, clonidine, is associated with a high incidence of rebound hypertension and tachycardia, with symptoms of sympathetic overactivity and increased catecholamine excretion." | 3.67 | Regimen for the control of blood pressure and symptoms during clonidine withdrawal. ( Campbell, BC; Reid, JL, 1985) |
| "This report describes the treatment of a Viet Nam veteran with an α(2)-adrenergic agonist (clonidine) for hypertension which had an additional beneficial effect of allowing withdrawal in ten days from 20 mg of methadone a day with minimal withdrawal symptoms." | 3.66 | Simultaneous treatment of hypertension and opiate withdrawal using an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist. ( Bell, CC, 1983) |
| "Studies were undertaken to investigate the role of the CNS in withdrawal hypertension caused by abrupt cessation of long-term clonidine treatment." | 3.66 | Central alpha-adrenergic control of blood pressure. Effects of clonidine withdrawal. ( Augustine, SJ; Buckley, JP; Lokhandwala, MF; Tachikawa, S, 1983) |
| "A patient with essential hypertension treated with clonidine developed accelerated acute clonidine withdrawal syndrome during coronary artery bypass surgery." | 3.66 | Accelerated acute clonidine withdrawal syndrome during coronary artery bypass surgery. A case report. ( O'Connor, DE, 1981) |
| "1 We have compared, in patients with severe hypertension, the administration of intravenous labetalol by single rapid injection, by repeated bolus injections, and by incremental infusion." | 3.66 | Intravenous labetalol in the treatment of severe hypertension. ( Brown, JJ; Cumming, AM; Lever, AF; Robertson, JI, 1982) |
| "The use of clonidine in the management of opiate abstinence is presented in a patient dependent upon levorphanol tartrate given for chronic pain." | 3.66 | The use of clonidine for management of opiate abstinence in a chronic pain patient. ( Bakris, GL; Cross, PD; Hammarsten, JE, 1982) |
| "A case of rebound hypertension under anaesthesia, following withdrawal of clonidine, is described and methods of treatment outlined." | 3.66 | Rebound hypertension during anaesthesia. ( Stevens, JE, 1980) |
| "Clonidine's action on naloxone (Nx)-induced suppression of fixed-ratio (FR15) responding and body weight loss was studied in morphine (M)-dependent rats." | 3.66 | Clonidine antagonizes naloxone-induced suppression of conditioned behavior and body weight loss in morphine-dependent rats. ( Meyer, DR; Sparber, SB, 1978) |
| "Rebound hypertension occurred in two patients upon clonidine withdrawal." | 3.66 | Hypertension after clonidine withdrawal. ( Batson, HM; deCarvalho, JG; Frohlich, ED; Husserl, FE, 1978) |
| "A patient who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass developed a syndrome of malignant hypertension with agitated delirium, unresponsive to antihypertensive agents, following abrupt withdrawal of clonidine." | 3.65 | Acute clonidine withdrawal syndrome following open-heart operation. ( Brenner, WI; Lieberman, AN, 1977) |
| "Clonidine, a proposed alpha-noradrenergic receptor stimulant, intensifies the aggression occuring during morphine-withdrawal or following the administration of apomorphine." | 3.65 | Enhancement of morphine-withdrawal and apomorphine-induced aggression by clonidine. ( Gianutsos, G; Hynes, MD; Lal, H, 1976) |
| " Under pentobarbital anesthesia, precipitated shakes and ice water-induced wet shakes were inhibited by clonidine and norepinephrine." | 3.65 | Effects of clonidine on morphine withdrawal signs in the rat. ( Loh, HH; Tseng, LF; Wei, ET, 1975) |
| "Pharmacotherapeutic options for the treatment of opioid withdrawal are limited by abuse potential, adverse effects, and lack of availability of existing drugs." | 3.01 | Efficacy and safety of tramadol in the treatment of opioid withdrawal: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. ( Maiti, R; Mishra, BR; Mohapatra, D; Padhan, M, 2023) |
| "Lofexidine (LFX), an α2A adrenergic receptor agonist, known to alleviate opioid withdrawal symptoms, was assessed in combination with oral naltrexone (NTX) for effects on opioid use outcomes and NTX treatment compliance." | 2.90 | Lofexidine in Combination With Oral Naltrexone for Opioid Use Disorder Relapse Prevention: A Pilot Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. ( Fogelman, N; Hermes, G; Hyman, SM; Kosten, TR; Sinha, R, 2019) |
| "Lofexidine is a non-opioid treatment for opioid withdrawal syndrome." | 2.90 | Effect of lofexidine on cardiac repolarization during treatment of opioid withdrawal. ( Darpö, B; Ferber, G; Longstreth, J; Pirner, M, 2019) |
| "Lofexidine was at least as effective as diazepam in reducing the opioid withdrawal syndrome and increased treatment retention." | 2.87 | Lofexidine versus diazepam for the treatment of opioid withdrawal syndrome: A double-blind randomized clinical trial in Singapore. ( Assam, PN; Chan, E; Cheok, C; de Souza, NN; Guo, S; Kandasami, G; Koh, PK; Lee, KM; Manning, V; Pangjaya, J; Sultana, R; Wijesinghe, R; Wong, KE; Yang, Y, 2018) |
| "Lofexidine is an alpha-2-adrenergic receptor agonist approved in the United Kingdom (UK) for the treatment of opioid withdrawal symptoms." | 2.84 | A phase III, randomized, multi-center, double blind, placebo controlled study of safety and efficacy of lofexidine for relief of symptoms in individuals undergoing inpatient opioid withdrawal. ( Biswas, K; Gorodetzky, CW; Gullo, KL; Martin, PR; Saxon, AJ; Walsh, SL, 2017) |
| "During induction/stabilisation, withdrawal symptoms subsided more slowly for buprenorphine/naloxone than for methadone, and craving was significantly higher in the buprenorphine/naloxone group ( p<0." | 2.84 | Buprenorphine/naloxone versus methadone and lofexidine in community stabilisation and detoxification: A randomised controlled trial of low dose short-term opiate-dependent individuals. ( Coulton, S; Diaper, AM; Law, FD; Melichar, JK; Myles, JS; Nutt, DJ, 2017) |
| "Fentanyl and midazolam were adjusted to achieve a defined level of analgesia and sedation according to Hartwig score." | 2.79 | Continuous infusion of clonidine in ventilated newborns and infants: a randomized controlled trial. ( Balling, G; Behr, J; Blickheuser, R; Dohna-Schwake, C; Gebauer, C; Hahn, M; Harnischmacher, U; Hentschel, R; Hering, F; Hoehn, T; Hünseler, C; Huth, RG; Lieser, U; Möller, O; Müller, A; Müller, C; Röhlig, C; Roth, B; Schubert, S; Trieschmann, U; Wassmer, G, 2014) |
| "Dextromethorphan has been reported to ameliorate opioid withdrawal symptoms in both animal and human subjects." | 2.79 | A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of dextromethorphan combined with clonidine in the treatment of heroin withdrawal. ( Chen, CH; Lin, SK; Pan, CH, 2014) |
| "The intensity of withdrawal in opiate dependence shows a high inter-individual variability." | 2.74 | Intensity of opiate withdrawal in relation to the 825C>T polymorphism of the G-protein beta 3 subunit gene. ( Augener, S; Bachmann, HS; Bonnet, U; Lieb, B; Scherbaum, N; Siffert, W; Specka, M, 2009) |
| "Both treatments significantly reduced withdrawal symptoms by day 3, but there was no significant difference overall between lofexidine and FYP in efficacy or safety." | 2.74 | A study on Fu-Yuan Pellet, a traditional chinese medicine formula for detoxification of heroin addictions. ( Hu, M; Huang, M; Kang, L; Li, J; Wang, X, 2009) |
| "Lofexidine is an alpha-2-adrenergic receptor agonist that is approved in the United Kingdom for the treatment of opioid withdrawal symptoms." | 2.73 | A Phase 3 placebo-controlled, double-blind, multi-site trial of the alpha-2-adrenergic agonist, lofexidine, for opioid withdrawal. ( Akerele, E; Boardman, K; Collins, J; Davies, DK; Elkashef, A; Fischman, MW; Herman, BH; Kleber, H; Ling, W; McSherry, F; Miotto, K; Montgomery, A; Montoya, I; O'Brien, CP; Walsh, R; Yu, E, 2008) |
| "Lofexidine was sedating, worsened abstinence-related anorexia, and did not robustly attenuate withdrawal, but improved sleep and decreased marijuana relapse." | 2.73 | Effects of THC and lofexidine in a human laboratory model of marijuana withdrawal and relapse. ( Comer, SD; Foltin, RW; Haney, M; Hart, CL; Reed, SC; Vosburg, SK, 2008) |
| "The magnitude of pain and area of hyperalgesia were assessed before, during, and after drug infusion (remifentanil at 0." | 2.71 | Differential modulation of remifentanil-induced analgesia and postinfusion hyperalgesia by S-ketamine and clonidine in humans. ( Alsheimer, M; Koppert, W; Scheuber, K; Schmelz, M; Schüttler, J; Sittl, R, 2003) |
| "Gabapentin is an important adjuvant to the management of opiate dependence both in acute detoxification as well as stabilisation phase." | 2.71 | Gabapentin in the management of pentazocine dependence: a potent analgesic--anticraving agent. ( Jain, MK; Kumar, P, 2003) |
| "All patients met the DSM IV criteria for opioid dependence." | 2.70 | Baclofen versus clonidine in the treatment of opiates withdrawal, side-effects aspect: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. ( Ahmadi-Abhari, SA; Akhondzadeh, S; Assadi, SM; Farzanehgan, ZM; Kamlipour, A; Shabestari, OL, 2001) |
| "Significant differences in levels of withdrawal symptoms were found on days 11, 13-15 and 17-20, symptoms resolving most rapidly in the 5-day lofexidine treatment group, whilst withdrawal responses in the 10-day lofexidine treatment group were intermediate between the 5-day lofexidine and standard methadone treatment conditions." | 2.69 | Accelerated lofexidine treatment regimen compared with conventional lofexidine and methadone treatment for in-patient opiate detoxification. ( Bearn, J; Gossop, M; Strang, J, 1998) |
| "Symptoms of the autonomic nervous system were more effectively prevented by GHB as evident in the lower dosage requirement of clonidine." | 2.69 | [Gamma-hydroxybutyrate for treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome in intensive care patients. A comparison between with two symptom-oriented therapeutic concepts]. ( Lenzenhuber, E; Müller, C; Rommelspacher, H; Spies, C, 1999) |
| "Peak withdrawal symptoms after naltrexone were of moderate intensity, suggesting that naltrexone combined with buprenorphine is an acceptable and safe treatment for shortened opioid detoxification and induction of naltrexone maintenance." | 2.69 | Naltrexone shortened opioid detoxification with buprenorphine. ( Chiang, CT; Demuth, KL; Hoover, DR; Montoya, ID; Preston, KL; Umbricht, A, 1999) |
| "Trazodone is a non-tricyclic antidepressant drug with specific antagonistic activities at 5-HT(2) and alpha-1 adrenoceptors." | 2.69 | Combined use of trazodone-naltrexone versus clonidine-naltrexone in rapid withdrawal from methadone treatment. A comparative inpatient study. ( Conte, G; De Risio, S; Pozzi, G, 2000) |
| "Withdrawal symptoms were significantly less severe on days 4-7, and 9-13, in the naltrexone/lofexidine combination group." | 2.69 | Naltrexone and lofexidine combination treatment compared with conventional lofexidine treatment for in-patient opiate detoxification. ( Bearn, J; Buntwal, N; Gossop, M; Strang, J, 2000) |
| "Baclofen and clonidine were equally effective in treating the physical symptoms of withdrawal syndromes." | 2.69 | Double-blind randomized controlled trial of baclofen vs. clonidine in the treatment of opiates withdrawal. ( Ahmadi-Abhari, SA; Akhondzadeh, S; Assadi, SM; Farzanehgan, ZM; Kashani, AR; Shabestari, OL, 2000) |
| "Not more than 2 minor withdrawal symptoms (lethargy and respiratory rate > 40 breaths/min) occurred simultaneously during treatment with clonidine in any patient." | 2.68 | Clonidine prophylaxis for narcotic and sedative withdrawal syndrome following laryngotracheal reconstruction. ( Deutsch, ES; Nadkarni, VM, 1996) |
| "The lofexidine treatment more severe symptoms from day 3 to 7 and again on day 10 (the last day of treatment), but thereafter both groups showed a similar progressive symptom decline." | 2.68 | Randomised double-blind comparison of lofexidine and methadone in the in-patient treatment of opiate withdrawal. ( Bearn, J; Gossop, M; Strang, J, 1996) |
| "Twenty eight opiate addicted inpatients who had been stabilised on methadone took part in a double-blind randomised trial of clonidine and lofexidine (14 on each treatment) for opiate detoxification: clonidine or lofexidine dosage was titrated according to symptoms." | 2.68 | Double-blind study of lofexidine and clonidine in the detoxification of opiate addicts in hospital. ( Beckford, H; Kahn, A; Mumford, JP; Rogers, GA, 1997) |
| "Buprenorphine (BUP) is an alternative to methadone (METH) maintenance." | 2.68 | A protocol to switch high-dose, methadone-maintained subjects to buprenorphine. ( Connerney, I; Fischman, MW; Foltin, RW; Levin, FR, 1997) |
| "Lofexidine is an analogue of clonidine, an agonist at the alpha 2 noradrenergic receptor." | 2.68 | Double-blind randomised controlled trial of lofexidine versus clonidine in the treatment of heroin withdrawal. ( Hu, WH; Lin, SK; Strang, J; Su, LW; Tsai, CJ, 1997) |
| "Clonidine was more effective than lefetamine in suppressing withdrawal in the first 3 days of treatment (day 3: F = 4." | 2.67 | Opiate detoxification of methadone maintenance patients using lefetamine, clonidine and buprenorphine. ( Janiri, L; Mannelli, P; Persico, AM; Serretti, A; Tempesta, E, 1994) |
| "Clonidine-treated patients reported less diarrhea, dizziness, headache and fatigue, and the chlordiazepoxide-treated patients reported less nausea and vomiting." | 2.67 | Transdermal clonidine versus chlordiazepoxide in alcohol withdrawal: a randomized, controlled clinical trial. ( Baumgartner, GR; Rowen, RC, 1991) |
| "Clonidine dosages that have been assessed for discontinuing dexmedetomidine vary from 0." | 2.66 | Clonidine as a strategy for discontinuing dexmedetomidine sedation in critically ill patients: A narrative review. ( Attridge, RL; Christina Gutierrez, G; Glaess, SS, 2020) |
| "Lofexidine has been shown to be effective in reducing the former and could potentially aid in recovery and withdrawal." | 2.66 | A Comprehensive Update of Lofexidine for the Management of Opioid Withdrawal Symptoms. ( Berger, AA; Hasoon, J; Jung, JW; Kassem, H; Kaye, AD; Mousa, M; Patel, A; Urits, I; Virgen, CG; Viswanath, O; Zusman, R, 2020) |
| "Clonidine was effective but had a differential effect on the signs and symptoms of morphine abstinence." | 2.66 | Clonidine in morphine withdrawal. Differential effects on signs and symptoms. ( Jasinski, DR; Johnson, RE; Kocher, TR, 1985) |
| "Lofexidine (L) was compared to placebo (P) in a random double blind placebo controlled study of 23 healthy alcoholics in withdrawal." | 2.66 | Alcohol withdrawal syndrome: clinical and hormonal responses to alpha 2-adrenergic agonist treatment. ( Cushman, P; Sowers, JR, 1989) |
| "Clonidine is an effective tool in the hospital preventive treatment of alcohol withdrawal." | 2.66 | [Use of clonidine in the prevention of alcohol withdrawal syndrome]. ( Ghiazza, GF; Mondavio, M, 1989) |
| "Clonidine, 0." | 2.66 | Effect of clonidine on plasma beta-endorphin, cortisol and growth hormone secretion in opiate-addicted subjects. ( Bar-Yoseph, J; Gil-Ad, I; Laron, Z; Smadja, Y; Zohar, M, 1985) |
| "2) treatment on the withdrawal symptoms associated with smoking cessation." | 2.66 | Effects of transdermal clonidine treatment on withdrawal symptoms associated with smoking cessation. A randomized, controlled trial. ( McAdams, LA; Ornish, SA; Zisook, S, 1988) |
| "Clonidine was more effective than chlordiazepoxide at reducing alcohol withdrawal scale scores, systolic blood pressures, and heart rates over the entire study period." | 2.66 | Clonidine vs chlordiazepoxide in the management of acute alcohol withdrawal syndrome. ( Baumgartner, GR; Rowen, RC, 1987) |
| "Clonidine was slightly more effective in controlling sweating, hot flushes, palpitations and nausea, and doxepin was slightly more effective in relieving the craving for opiates, lassitude and depression." | 2.66 | A controlled comparison of clonidine and doxepin in the treatment of the opiate withdrawal syndrome. ( Täschner, KL, 1986) |
| "Clonidine appears to be a safe and efficacious outpatient treatment for opiate withdrawal, although the results were less favorable than those obtained in open or inpatient studies." | 2.66 | Clonidine in outpatient detoxification from methadone maintenance. ( Charney, D; Gaspari, J; Hogan, I; Kleber, HD; Kosten, T; O'Connor, C; Riordan, CE; Rounsaville, B, 1985) |
| "She had no significant withdrawal symptoms and hospitalization was brief." | 2.65 | Propoxyphene withdrawal with clonidine. ( Bohan, ME; Johnson, DA, 1983) |
| "Lofexidine might prove to be a safer and more effective nonopiate treatment for opiate withdrawal, especially for ambulatory outpatients; controlled studies are required to confirm this possibility." | 2.65 | Opiate withdrawal using lofexidine, a clonidine analogue with fewer side effects. ( Geyer, G; Resnick, RB; Washton, AM, 1983) |
| "Clonidine and alprazolam diminished withdrawal symptoms." | 2.65 | Cigarette craving, smoking withdrawal, and clonidine. ( Glassman, AH; Jackson, WK; Roose, SP; Rosenfeld, B; Walsh, BT, 1984) |
| "Clonidine was demonstrated to reverse and suppress the signs, symptoms, and effects associated with opiate withdrawal." | 2.65 | Efficacy of clonidine in opiate withdrawal: a study of thirty patients. ( Gold, MS; Kleber, HD; Pottash, AL; Sweeney, DR, 1980) |
| " Under controlled inpatient conditions established to assess dosage guidelines and to examine specific signs and symptoms of withdrawal, ten (91%) of 11 patients were able to withdraw completely from methadone therapy by the end of a six-day period." | 2.65 | Clonidine and naltrexone. A safe, effective, and rapid treatment of abrupt withdrawal from methadone therapy. ( Braverman, P; Charney, DS; Heninger, GR; Kleber, HD; Murburg, M; Redmond, DE; Riordan, CE; Sternberg, DE, 1982) |
| "Clonidine hydrochloride was found to be effective in the treatment of methadone hydrochloride withdrawal." | 2.65 | The clinical use of clonidine in abrupt withdrawal from methadone. Effects on blood pressure and specific signs and symptoms. ( Charney, DS; Heninger, GR; Kleber, HD; Redmond, DE; Sternberg, DE, 1981) |
| "In a doubl-blind study, patients receiving a rapidly falling dosage of clonidine recovered about 1 day faster from the symptoms of moderately severe alcohol withdrawal than patients receiving placebo." | 2.64 | Clonidine in alcohol withdrawal. ( Björkqvist, SE, 1975) |
| "Lofexidine is an effective and safe agent in treating symptoms related to opioid withdrawal in adults when compared with placebo; although it is more widely accessible than other first-line therapies, its use in practice may be limited by cost." | 2.61 | Lofexidine: A Newly FDA-Approved, Nonopioid Treatment for Opioid Withdrawal. ( Brooks, T; Doughty, B; Morgenson, D, 2019) |
| "Buprenorphine was superior to clonidine in controlling severe withdrawal symptoms in an outpatient setting (RR 0." | 2.58 | Pharmacological therapies for management of opium withdrawal. ( Amato, L; Amin-Esmaeili, M; Gholami, J; Hoseinie, L; Rahimi-Movaghar, A; Yousefi-Nooraie, R, 2018) |
| "Opioid dependence is a significant public health problem associated with high risk for relapse if treatment is not ongoing." | 2.48 | Opioid detoxification and naltrexone induction strategies: recommendations for clinical practice. ( Bisaga, A; Kosten, T; Nunes, EV; O'Connor, PG; Sigmon, SC; Woody, G, 2012) |
| "Patients with COPD show higher nicotine dependence and seem to have greater difficulty in quitting smoking." | 2.47 | [Smoking in COPD]. ( Bernabé Barrios, MJ; Rodríguez Hermosa, JL; Santamaría Rodríguez, B; Zamarro García, C, 2011) |
| "Lofexidine is an alpha(2)-agonist structurally related to clonidine." | 2.46 | Lofexidine, an {alpha}2-receptor agonist for opioid detoxification. ( Gish, EC; Honey, BL; Johnson, PN; Miller, JL, 2010) |
| "Pharmacotherapy of opioid addiction alone is usually insufficient, and a complete treatment should also include effective psychosocial support or other interventions." | 2.46 | The pharmacological treatment of opioid addiction--a clinical perspective. ( Bramness, J; Gossop, M; Lobmaier, P; Waal, H, 2010) |
| "In addition, new indications for treating tobacco dependence and withdrawal show promise for reducing tobacco use and associated disease." | 2.44 | Novel pharmacological approaches for treating tobacco dependence and withdrawal: current status. ( Buchhalter, AR; Fant, RV; Henningfield, JE, 2008) |
| "Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) has not been officially approved by the Chinese government for widespread implementation, but some pilot studies are currently underway." | 2.43 | Opiate addiction in China: current situation and treatments. ( Cubells, JF; Tang, YL; Zhao, C; Zhao, D, 2006) |
| " Dosage should be individualized, based on withdrawal severity measured by withdrawal scales, comorbid illness, and history of withdrawal seizures." | 2.40 | Pharmacological management of alcohol withdrawal. A meta-analysis and evidence-based practice guideline. American Society of Addiction Medicine Working Group on Pharmacological Management of Alcohol Withdrawal. ( Mayo-Smith, MF, 1997) |
| "Its use in premedication and postoperative pain management may be limited by its principal effects of hypotension and bradycardia." | 2.38 | [The role of clonidine in anesthesia]. ( Heil, T; Koenigs, D; Striebel, HW, 1993) |
| "Clonidine is a central alpha adrenergic agonist which can be used to treat the opiate withdrawal syndrome." | 2.37 | Clonidine and the treatment of the opiate withdrawal syndrome. ( Gossop, M, 1988) |
| "Clonidine has provided a nonaddicting solution to an ancient problem, opiate withdrawal without opiates." | 2.37 | Clonidine. ( Gold, MS; Roehrich, H, 1987) |
| " Narcotics are used for the euphoria they provide; however, chronic use results in physiological and psychological changes." | 2.37 | Narcotic withdrawal in the emergency department. ( Freitas, PM, 1985) |
| "The chapters on opioid dependence in the 26 editions of Cecil Textbook of Medicine published from 1927 through 2020." | 1.72 | Pharmacological Management of Heroin Withdrawal Syndrome: A Century of Expert Opinions in Cecil Textbook of Medicine. ( Manu, P; Rogozea, LM; Shulman, M, 2022) |
| "Clonidine was ineffective on the withdrawal signs but decreased body temperature and increased tail flick latency in the tail immersion test in oxytocin pretreated animals." | 1.72 | Effect of oxytocin pretreatment on the development of morphine tolerance and dependence in rats. ( Enginar, N; Gürtekin, B; Midilli, B; Nurten, A; Özdemir-Çezik, S, 2022) |
| "Opioid use disorder is a growing concern in the United States." | 1.62 | Validation and characterization of oxycodone physical dependence in C57BL/6J mice. ( Beardsley, PM; Carper, M; Contreras, KM; Damaj, MI; Walentiny, DM, 2021) |
| "Clonidine treatment significantly increased fentanyl-vs." | 1.51 | Conjugate vaccine produces long-lasting attenuation of fentanyl vs. food choice and blocks expression of opioid withdrawal-induced increases in fentanyl choice in rats. ( Banks, ML; Blake, S; Bremer, PT; Faunce, KE; Hwang, CS; Janda, KD; Natori, Y; Townsend, EA; Zhou, B, 2019) |
| "Clonidine was used and was an effective treatment option to successfully withdraw the patient from dexmedetomidine." | 1.48 | Effectivness of Clonidine in Treating Dexmedetomidine Withdrawal in a Patient with Co-Existing Psychiatric Illness: A Case Report. ( Al Anany, R; Elshafei, M; Gazwi, K; Mahmoud, S; Mohamed, A; Saad, MO, 2018) |
| "Luteolin was comparable in 30 mg/kg, 60 mg/kg, and 90 mg/kg with clonidine to reduce the frequency of morphine withdrawal symptoms." | 1.48 | Attenuation of Morphine Withdrawal Syndrome by Prosopis Farcta Extract and Its Bioactive Component Luteolin in Comparison with Clonidine in Rats. ( Abbasi, N; Aidy, A; Azimi, M; Karimi, E; Moayeri, A, 2018) |
| "In recent decades the pattern of substance use among patients admitted for detoxification has changed from predominantly single-substance use to simultaneous multi-substance use." | 1.43 | Standardised detoxification in cases of polydrug use. ( Clausen, T; Dunsæd, F; Høie, MM; Kristensen, Ø; Vederhus, JK, 2016) |
| " The drug should be gradually reduced in dosage under observation by a psychiatrist." | 1.42 | [Tizanidine withdrawal symptoms in stress cardiomyopathy]. ( Bayer, D; Bengesser, SA; Kapfhammer, HP; Mörkl, S; Schöggl, H, 2015) |
| "A clonidine infusion was started as the patient developed withdrawal syndrome and was difficult to wean off mechanical ventilation." | 1.42 | Clonidine withdrawal induced sympathetic surge. ( Matsa, R; Shaw, M, 2015) |
| "Treating animals repeatedly with intermittent and increasing morphine doses has been suggested to allow some withdrawal during each dosing interval, which causes repeated stress." | 1.42 | Spontaneous withdrawal in intermittent morphine administration in rats and mice: effect of clonidine coadministration and sex-related differences. ( Allahverdiyev, O; Enginar, N; Nurten, A; Sehirli, I; Türkmen, AZ, 2015) |
| "Nicotine dependence was induced by implanting minipumps that delivered a nicotine solution." | 1.38 | Blockade of CRF1 receptors in the central nucleus of the amygdala attenuates the dysphoria associated with nicotine withdrawal in rats. ( Alexander, JC; Bishnoi, M; Bruijnzeel, AW; Ford, J; Ji, Y; Rogers, JA; Scheick, S, 2012) |
| "Tizanidine is an α2-adrenoreceptor agonist that inhibits noradrenaline release and binds to imidazoline receptors." | 1.37 | Tizanidine for alcohol withdrawal treatment. ( Bou Khalil, R, 2011) |
| "Safranal was injected (s." | 1.36 | Effect of Crocus sativus L. (saffron) stigma and its constituents, crocin and safranal, on morphine withdrawal syndrome in mice. ( Hosseinzadeh, H; Jahanian, Z, 2010) |
| "Morphine-treated rats (10 mg/kg/12 h) received naloxone (3." | 1.36 | Precipitated and conditioned withdrawal in morphine-treated rats. ( Becker, GL; France, CP; Gerak, LR; Koek, W; Li, JX, 2010) |
| "Because of acute renal failure resulting from rhabdomyolysis hemodialysis was necessary three times." | 1.35 | ["Liquid ecstasy": gamma-butyrolactone withdrawal delirium with rhabdomyolysis and dialysis dependent renal failure]. ( Busch, HJ; Schwab, T; Supady, A, 2009) |
| "Buprenorphine has been approved for heroin detoxification, but little is known about its impact on everyday practice." | 1.34 | Buprenorphine for acute heroin detoxification: diffusion of research into practice. ( Boverman, JF; Kovas, AE; McCarty, DJ; McFarland, BH; Thayer, JA, 2007) |
| "Clonidine is an alpha2 adrenoceptor agonist that is frequently used to reduce withdrawal symptoms during opioid detoxification in humans." | 1.34 | Clonidine attenuates morphine withdrawal and subsequent drug sensitization in rhesus monkeys. ( Chen, SQ; Cui, YY; Le Foll, B; Lu, L; Shi, J; Zhai, HF, 2007) |
| "Clonidine is used as a treatment for heroin addiction." | 1.33 | Role of imidazoline receptors in the anti-aversive properties of clonidine during opiate withdrawal in rats. ( Caillé, S; Georges, F; Le Moine, C; Stinus, L; Vouillac, C, 2005) |
| "Morphine tolerance was induced using a 3-day cumulative twice-daily dosing regimen with s." | 1.32 | Influence of prazosin and clonidine on morphine analgesia, tolerance and withdrawal in mice. ( Lähdesmäki, J; Ozdoğan, UK; Scheinin, M, 2003) |
| "Methadone was tapered and discontinued prior to ROD and Naltrexone was administered in increasing daily doses." | 1.32 | Unexpected delirium during Rapid Opioid Detoxification (ROD). ( Golden, SA; Sakhrani, DL, 2004) |
| "Its efficacy and tolerance in treating withdrawal symptoms is, however, suboptimal." | 1.31 | Topiramate in opiate withdrawal. ( Besson, J; Cottier, AC; Zullino, DF, 2002) |
| "A total of seven male patients with alcohol dependence according to DSM-IV were assessed for the postsynaptic alpha-2-receptor function with the CLON/GH test (2." | 1.31 | Subsensitive alpha-2-adrenoceptor function in male alcohol-dependent individuals during 6 months of abstinence. ( Balldin, J; Berggren, U; Fahlke, C; Norrby, A; Zachrisson, O, 2000) |
| "One of the treatment alternative of withdrawal symptoms of patients suffering from opiate dependence is to apply the clonidine in combination or itself." | 1.31 | [Tizanidine in the treatment of acute withdrawal symptoms in heroin dependent patients]. ( Csorba, J; Gerevich, J; Kiss, N; Sós, I, 2000) |
| "Small bowel necrosis is known as a rare, but serious complication of jejunal tube feeding." | 1.31 | Non-occlusive small bowel necrosis during gastric tube feeding: a case report. ( Frey, C; Krähenbühl, L; Takala, J, 2001) |
| "Cholestasis is associated with elevated plasma level of endogenous opioid peptides." | 1.31 | Clonidine attenuates naloxone-induced opioid-withdrawal syndrome in cholestatic mice. ( Arad, MA; Dehpour, AR; Namiranian, K; Samini, M, 2001) |
| "Buprenorphine is a partial opiate agonist with unusual pharmacological properties." | 1.31 | Two methods of community detoxification from opiates: an open-label comparison of lofexidine and buprenorphine. ( Alcorn, R; Feinmann, C; White, R, 2001) |
| "Tizanidine was administered orally at 0." | 1.30 | Effects of tizanidine administration on precipitated opioid withdrawal signs in rats. ( Pinelli, A; Spezia, R; Trivulzio, S, 1998) |
| "Women with mild withdrawal symptoms were given clonidine initially, and methadone was substituted if symptoms persisted." | 1.30 | Opioid detoxification in pregnancy. ( Dashe, JS; Jackson, GL; Olscher, DA; Wendel, GD; Zane, EH, 1998) |
| "Withdrawal symptoms were still present 24 h after detoxification and 80% of the patients relapsed during a 6-month follow-up." | 1.30 | Ultra-rapid opiate detoxification using deep sedation with oral midazolam: short and long-term results. ( Bertschy, G; Cucchia, AT; Ferrero, F; Monnat, M; Spagnoli, J, 1998) |
| "Morphine dependence was induced by s." | 1.30 | Total neurochemical lesion of noradrenergic neurons of the locus ceruleus does not alter either naloxone-precipitated or spontaneous opiate withdrawal nor does it influence ability of clonidine to reverse opiate withdrawal. ( Cador, M; Caillé, S; Espejo, EF; Koob, GF; Reneric, JP; Stinus, L, 1999) |
| "It is well established that opioids can modulate the immune status following both acute and chronic administration and that tolerance develops to some of these immunomodulatory effects." | 1.30 | Immunomodulatory effects of morphine withdrawal in the rat are time dependent and reversible by clonidine. ( Dykstra, LA; Lysle, DT; West, JP, 1999) |
| "Clonidine pretreatment (1 mg/kg, i." | 1.29 | Effects of morphine and morphine withdrawal on adrenergic neurons of the rat rostral ventrolateral medulla. ( Baraban, SC; Guyenet, PG; Stornetta, RL, 1995) |
| "Morphine treatment increased c-fos mRNA levels in striatum (STR) and amygdala (AMY)." | 1.29 | NMDA antagonists and clonidine block c-fos expression during morphine withdrawal. ( Brodsky, M; Inturrisi, CE; Rasmussen, K, 1995) |
| "The atipamezole-induced increase in LC activity and blood pressure was significantly attenuated by pretreatment with DGG (200 micrograms i." | 1.29 | The role of excitatory amino acids in the expression of precipitated acute and chronic clonidine withdrawal: an in vivo voltammetric study in the rat locus coeruleus. ( Duggan, S; Hong, M; Jhamandas, K; Milne, B, 1994) |
| "1." | 1.29 | Relationship between hypotensive effects and plasma concentrations of clonidine in spontaneously hypertensive rats: continuous treatment and sudden termination of clonidine infusion. ( Ishida, T; Ishii, R; Namba, K; Naruse, T; Tagawa, T, 1994) |
| "Naloxone was paired with the most preferred side and the amount of time spent on this side and on the vehicle-paired side was measured after training." | 1.29 | Clonidine attenuates conditioned aversion produced by naloxone-precipitated opiate withdrawal. ( Kosten, TA, 1994) |
| "Clonidine was given in a bolus of 150 micrograms followed by a continuous infusion." | 1.29 | The pharmacokinetics of clonidine in high dosage. ( Fauler, J; Verner, L, 1993) |
| " Drug was most often given on a fixed dosing schedule with additional medication "as needed" (52% of the programs)." | 1.29 | Alcohol withdrawal: a nationwide survey of inpatient treatment practices. ( Friedman, LS; Mayo-Smith, MF; Saitz, R, 1995) |
| "A polydrug abuser had been prescribed clonidine for hypertonia but ingested it for its sedative properties and for euphoria over a period of 6 years." | 1.29 | [Clonidine--potential dependence risk in psychiatric patients?]. ( Agelink, MW; Dammers, S; Zeit, T, 1996) |
| "Heroin consumption was found to provoke a further decrease of both systolic and diastolic pressure when the time interval between the relapse and the cardiovascular determinations was about 3 h as estimated by the patients." | 1.28 | Relapse to opiate use provokes biphasic changes of blood pressure in heroin-withdrawn addicts treated with clonidine. ( Alamo, C; Alguacil, LF; Lopez-Trabada, JR; Pascual, J; Rubio, G, 1992) |
| "Tizanidine (TIZ) has long been known to be an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist and inhibitor of ASP and GLU release." | 1.28 | Effects of tizanidine on morphine physical dependence: attenuation and intensification. ( Ariciŏglu, F; Dizdar, Y; Esin, Y; Koyuncuŏglu, H; Uresin, Y, 1992) |
| "hexamethonium (2 mg/kg) pretreatment did not abolish the increase in the heart rate, but it delayed the blood pressure increase." | 1.28 | Yohimbine-precipitated clonidine withdrawal: an experimental model of the antihypertensive drug withdrawal syndrome. ( Jhamandas, K; Penning, DH, 1992) |
| "Clonidine has been used to assist opiate detoxification in the past 10 years." | 1.28 | Two cases of clonidine abuse/dependence in methadone-maintained patients. ( Lauzon, P, 1992) |
| "Naloxone treatment induced an increase of plasma beta-END-LI and cortisol levels in morphine-tolerant animals." | 1.28 | Effects of clonidine on pituitary-adrenocortical axis in morphine-tolerant rats and after naloxone-induced withdrawal. ( Arias, L; Bruger, AJ; Gonzalvez, ML; Martinez, JA; Milanés, MV; Vargas, ML, 1992) |
| "Pretreatment with clonidine (200 micrograms/kg, i." | 1.28 | Microdialysis evidence that acetylcholine in the nucleus accumbens is involved in morphine withdrawal and its treatment with clonidine. ( Hoebel, BG; Mark, GP; Pothos, E; Rada, P, 1991) |
| "Clonidine pretreatment (200 micrograms/kg, i." | 1.28 | Dopamine microdialysis in the nucleus accumbens during acute and chronic morphine, naloxone-precipitated withdrawal and clonidine treatment. ( Hoebel, BG; Mark, GP; Pothos, E; Rada, P, 1991) |
| "Clonidine doses used were lower than in similar studies and all patients were alert and mobile throughout withdrawal." | 1.28 | Clonidine versus long- and short-term methadone-aided withdrawal from opiates. An uncontrolled comparison. ( Bradley, B; Gossop, M; Griffiths, P; Kasvikis, Y; Marks, I, 1990) |
| "However, clonidine enhanced many of the withdrawal symptoms in both groups of rats during naltrexone-precipitated withdrawal 1 day after morphine abstinence." | 1.28 | Context-specific morphine withdrawal in rats: duration and effects of clonidine. ( Aranow, JS; Kelsey, JE; Matthews, RT, 1990) |
| "A 7-year-old boy with Tourette's disorder, atypical pervasive developmental disorder, borderline mental retardation, and a history of self-injurious behavior was treated for 21 months with clonidine transdermal patches at doses ranging from 0." | 1.28 | Self-injurious behavior associated with clonidine withdrawal in a child with Tourette's disorder. ( Dillon, JE, 1990) |
| "High morphine preference was stable for long choice periods." | 1.28 | Morphine preference in individual rats after morphine ingestion. ( Rönnbäck, L, 1990) |
| "clonidine was effective in significantly reducing the incidence of diarrhea." | 1.28 | Participation of different brain regions in the anti-narcotic withdrawal action of clonidine in the dependent rat. ( Buccafusco, JJ, 1990) |
| "The purpose of this open, uncontrolled study in a group of confirmed heroin addicts of both sexes was to determine whether clonidine by itself suppresses opiate withdrawal reactions, its maximal effective dosage range, the time of maximal effect, duration of its effectiveness and the extent of cardiovascular side effects." | 1.28 | Evaluation of clonidine suppression of opiate withdrawal reactions: a multidisciplinary approach. ( Beroniade, V; Cuthill, JD; Salvatori, VA; Viguié, F, 1990) |
| "This study examined the effects of the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist clonidine on free-running circadian activity rhythms in rats, using a dosing regimen similar to one previously shown to induce behavioral depression in the swim test." | 1.28 | Effects of chronic clonidine administration and withdrawal on free-running circadian activity rhythms. ( Rosenwasser, AM, 1989) |
| "A clonidine treatment had been stopped 129 h earlier." | 1.27 | [Withdrawal syndrome during epidural administration of morphine after stopping treatment with clonidine]. ( Oksenhendler, G; Petit, J; Ropiquet, S; Winckler, C, 1984) |
| "Clonidine therapy was used to alleviate symptoms of narcotic analgesic withdrawal." | 1.27 | Narcotic bowel syndrome treated with clonidine. Resolution of abdominal pain and intestinal pseudo-obstruction. ( Greenberger, NJ; McPhee, MS; Sandgren, JE, 1984) |
| "Clonidine was about 12 times more potent than guanfacine in inhibiting this autonomic symptom of withdrawal." | 1.27 | A comparison of the inhibitory effects of clonidine and guanfacine on the behavioral and autonomic components of morphine withdrawal in rats. ( Buccafusco, JJ; Marshall, DC; Turner, RM, 1984) |
| " Detailed analysis revealed undoubted correlation between the dosage and favourable dynamics of precordial mapping parameters." | 1.27 | Intravenous clonidine in acute myocardial infarction in men. ( Lada, W; Zochowski, RJ, 1984) |
| "Clonidine treatment of NNAS remains strictly investigational at this time." | 1.27 | Clonidine treatment of neonatal narcotic abstinence syndrome. ( Caruso, KA; Cohen, DJ; Ehrenkranz, RA; Hoder, EL; Kleber, HD; Leckman, JF; Poulsen, J, 1984) |
| "Serious ventricular arrhythmias, including brief ventricular tachycardia, developed in two patients who had greater increases in mean systolic blood pressure (28 +/- 3 vs 10 +/- 8 mm Hg) and double product (552 +/- 681 vs 333 +/- 195) than the others." | 1.27 | Cardiac arrhythmias after abrupt clonidine withdrawal. ( Hamilton, BP; Hamilton, J; Kuzbida, G; Pavlis, R; Peters, RW, 1983) |
| " Mean administration of clonidine (on an "as-needed" basis) was 5 days (maximum 7 days), whilst the mean daily dosage ranged from 0." | 1.27 | [Clonidine for the treatment of heroin withdrawal syndrome]. ( Hermann, P; Presslich, O; Schanda, H, 1983) |
| "Clonidine was administered as a bolus injection of 1-2 micrograms/kg body weight and repeated every 1-3 h." | 1.27 | Intravenous clonidine treatment in acute myocardial infarction (with comparison to a nitroglycerin-treated and control group). ( Lada, W; Zochowski, RJ, 1986) |
| "Treatment with clonidine markedly attenuated the inhibitory effect induced by (-)adrenaline on platelet adenylate cyclase activity." | 1.27 | Alpha 2-adrenoceptor-mediated inhibition of platelet adenylate cyclase activity in heroin addicts in abstinence. ( García-Sevilla, JA; Gutierrez, M; Ugedo, L; Ulibarri, I, 1987) |
| "Clonidine has a dual action on naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal symptoms in rats: a suppressive action on body shakes and body weight loss and a potentiating action on jumping and aggression." | 1.27 | Effects of alpha 2-agonists on morphine withdrawal behaviour: potentiation of jumping mediated by alpha 2-receptors. ( van der Laan, JW, 1985) |
| "Clonidine was delivered via osmotic minipumps." | 1.27 | Chronic clonidine treatment and its withdrawal: effects on blood pressure and catecholamine synthesizing enzymes in brain-stem nuclei. ( Atkinson, J; Boillat, N; Lambas-Senas, L; Luthi, P; Parker, M; Renaud, B; Seccia, M; Sonnay, M, 1986) |
| "Pretreatment with yohimbine (1." | 1.27 | Reversal by alpha-2 agonists of diazepam withdrawal hyperactivity in rats. ( Kulkarni, SK; Kunchandy, J, 1986) |
| "Rilmenidine (S 3341) is a new agonist of alpha 2 adrenoceptors." | 1.27 | Effects of two alpha 2 agonists, rilmenidine and clonidine, on the morphine withdrawal syndrome and their potential addictive properties in rats. ( Koenig-Berard, E; Nadaud, D; Stinus, L; Tierney, C, 1988) |
| "Finally it is suggested that insomnia and the loss of REM sleep may also contribute to the onset of the condition." | 1.27 | [Changes in the circadian rhythm of urinary cyclic adenosine monophosphate during the alcoholic withdrawal syndrome and related neurobiological correlations]. ( Cedaro, P; Di Piazza, V; Geatti, O; Lattuada, L; Marchetti, E; Nardoni, A, 1985) |
| "Treatment with clonidine led to significant decreases in receptor densities as well as in functional responses." | 1.27 | Platelet alpha 2-adrenoceptors in heroin addicts during withdrawal and after treatment with clonidine. ( Garcia-Sevilla, JA; Gutierrez, M; Ugedo, L; Ulibarri, I, 1985) |
| "Treatment with clonidine (100 micrograms/kg s." | 1.27 | Changes in locomotor-activity patterns as a measure of spontaneous morphine withdrawal: no effect of clonidine. ( de Groot, G; van der Laan, JW, 1988) |
| "32 days, despite lower clonidine dosage and significantly lower diazepam dosage on the second day." | 1.27 | Opioid withdrawal and naltrexone induction in 48-72 hours with minimal drop-out, using a modification of the naltrexone-clonidine technique. ( Bailey, C; Brewer, C; Rezae, H, 1988) |
| " Its frequency is influenced by length of treatment, daily dosage and degree of hypertension." | 1.27 | [Hypertensive crisis after withdrawal of clonidine and nadolol. Case report and review of the literature]. ( Fried, M; Schwander, J, 1987) |
| "Clonidine was found to be remarkably effective in alleviating various alcohol abstinence signs in a chronic alcoholic." | 1.27 | Clonidine in alcohol withdrawal: a clinical report. ( Kulkarni, GK; Kulkarni, SK; Parale, MP, 1987) |
| "A patient with long-standing Tourette's syndrome had a dramatic exacerbation of symptoms following the rapid withdrawal of haloperidol." | 1.27 | Clonidine in the treatment of Tourette's syndrome exacerbation due to haloperidol withdrawal. ( Max, JE; Rasmussen, SA, 1986) |
| "Clonidine's effectiveness in Tourette's syndrome may be dependent on changes in dopaminergic as well as adrenergic mechanisms." | 1.27 | Rebound phenomena in Tourette's syndrome after abrupt withdrawal of clonidine. Behavioral, cardiovascular, and neurochemical effects. ( Anderson, GM; Caruso, KA; Cohen, DJ; Leckman, JF; Ort, S; Riddle, MA, 1986) |
| "bolus of clonidine (1." | 1.27 | Clonidine in alcohol withdrawal: a pilot study of differential symptom responses following i.v. clonidine. ( Glue, P; Nutt, D, 1987) |
| " These patients are best managed as outpatients with gradual dosage reduction over 4-12 weeks." | 1.27 | Management of benzodiazepine dependence. ( Lader, M; Moodley, P, 1986) |
| "Clonidine-naltrexone treatment should succeed with patients receiving methadone doses up to 50 mg/day, facilitate naltrexone maintenance, and apply to many clinical settings." | 1.27 | The combined use of clonidine and naltrexone as a rapid, safe, and effective treatment of abrupt withdrawal from methadone. ( Charney, DS; Heninger, GR; Kleber, HD, 1986) |
| "Clonidine (Catapres) is a safe and effective agent for detoxification of selected opiate addicts." | 1.27 | Opiate and cocaine dependencies. Techniques to help counter the rising tide. ( Gold, MS; Pottash, AC; Washton, AM, 1985) |
| "Clonidine-treated animals showed significant weight loss and decrease in temperature, and those treated with high doses showed marked hypothermia and hind-limb flaccidity." | 1.27 | Intrathecal clonidine: analgesia and effect on opiate withdrawal in the rat. ( Cervenko, FW; Jhamandas, K; Milne, B; Sutak, M, 1985) |
| "Pretreatment with clonidine (50 micrograms/kg, IP) significantly decreased the incidence of 11 out of 16 withdrawal signs." | 1.26 | Clonidine suppresses methylxanthine induced quasi-morphine withdrawal syndrome. ( Grant, SJ; Redmond, DE, 1982) |
| "Clonidine was administered to nineteen patients in an inpatient setting after abrupt discontinuation of chronic opiate addiction (morphine, héroin, dextromoramide)." | 1.26 | [Effects of clonidine on opiate withdrawal symptoms. Results - biochemical mechanisms (author's transl)]. ( Escande, M; Gardes, JP; Girard, M; Granier, F, 1982) |
| "The development of opioid dependence and tolerance attributed to selective types of opiate receptors was studied in the isolated ileum of guinea pigs chronically exposed to specific opioids." | 1.26 | Opioid dependence and cross-dependence in the isolated guinea-pig ileum. ( Herz, A; Schulz, R; Seidl, E; Wüster, M, 1982) |
| " We administered both drugs to rats using a dosage schedule which we had shown to produce hypertension and tachycardia when clonidine, but not guanfacine, was stopped after 3 weeks treatment." | 1.26 | Studies on clonidine and guanfacine withdrawal after short term treatment in the rat. ( Barber, ND; Reid, JL, 1982) |
| "Clonidine-treated patients had significantly fewer symptoms than a comparable group of opioid addicts abruptly withdrawn from methadone." | 1.26 | Clonidine suppresses the opioid abstinence syndrome without clonidine-withdrawal symptoms: a blind inpatient study. ( Kleber, HD; Redmond, DE; Uhde, TW, 1980) |
| "Clonidine is an effective emergency treatment for acute opiate withdrawal and in the detoxification of methadone, heroin, and other opiate addictions." | 1.26 | Clonidine: inpatient studies from 1978 to 1981. ( Extein, I; Gold, MS; Pottash, AL, 1982) |
| " The effects of the withdrawal of clonidine and 6-(2-chloro-6-fluoro-phenyl)-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-pyrrolo-(1,2-a)-imidazole hydrobromide (ICI 106270) on the blood pressure and heart rate of chronically dosed beagle dogs has been investigated." | 1.26 | The withdrawal of centrally acting antihypertensives in dogs. ( Clough, DP; Keddie, J; Pettinger, SJ, 1981) |
| "Clonidine hydrochloride was administered to ten patients in an inpatient setting after abrupt discontinuation of chronic methadone hydrochloride administration." | 1.26 | Opiate withdrawal using clonidine. A safe, effective, and rapid nonopiate treatment. ( Gold, MS; Kleber, HD; Pottash, AC; Sweeney, DR, 1980) |
| "The influence of the dosage or duration of treatment on the incidence and severity of clonidine withdrawal responses was examined in normotensive rats." | 1.26 | Withdrawal of clonidine: effects of varying dosage or duration of treatment on subsequent blood pressure and heart rate responses. ( Monaghan, JC; Oates, HF; Stoker, LM; Stokes, GS, 1978) |
| "Clonidine therapy was discontinued abruptly in seven patients." | 1.26 | Abrupt discontinuation of clonidine therapy. ( Engelman, K; Ram, CV, 1979) |
| "Clonidine was found to possess dose-dependent analgesic and antiwithdrawal activity." | 1.26 | A comparison of clonidine with morphine for antinociceptive and antiwithdrawal actions. ( Fielding, S; Hynes, M; Lal, H; Novick, WJ; Szewczak, M; Wilker, J, 1978) |
| "The major reason for treating hypertension is to avoid complications of the disease as it affects "target organs." | 1.26 | Prevention of some complications of essential hypertension. ( Grissom, RL; Gust, WF, 1977) |
| "6 Labetalol is a useful addition to the medical treatment of phaeochromocytoma." | 1.26 | Treatment of phaeochromocytoma and of clonidine withdrawal hypertension with labetalol. ( Brown, JJ; Lever, AF; Robertson, AS; Robertson, JI; Rosei, EA; Trust, PM, 1976) |
| "Clonidine hydrochloride is a new antihypertensive agent with a primary site of action in the central nervous system." | 1.25 | Evaluation of clonidine hydrochloride (Catapres). A new antihypertensive agent. ( Kosman, ME, 1975) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 400 (55.10) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 143 (19.70) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 109 (15.01) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 66 (9.09) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 8 (1.10) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Manu, P | 1 |
| Rogozea, LM | 1 |
| Shulman, M | 1 |
| Özdemir-Çezik, S | 1 |
| Nurten, A | 2 |
| Midilli, B | 1 |
| Gürtekin, B | 1 |
| Enginar, N | 2 |
| Padhan, M | 1 |
| Maiti, R | 1 |
| Mohapatra, D | 1 |
| Mishra, BR | 1 |
| Hermes, G | 1 |
| Hyman, SM | 1 |
| Fogelman, N | 1 |
| Kosten, TR | 5 |
| Sinha, R | 2 |
| Darpö, B | 1 |
| Pirner, M | 1 |
| Longstreth, J | 1 |
| Ferber, G | 1 |
| Pari, N | 1 |
| Parichehreh, Y | 1 |
| Alireza, R | 1 |
| Naser, A | 1 |
| Glaess, SS | 1 |
| Attridge, RL | 1 |
| Christina Gutierrez, G | 1 |
| Urits, I | 1 |
| Patel, A | 1 |
| Zusman, R | 1 |
| Virgen, CG | 1 |
| Mousa, M | 1 |
| Berger, AA | 1 |
| Kassem, H | 1 |
| Jung, JW | 1 |
| Hasoon, J | 1 |
| Kaye, AD | 1 |
| Viswanath, O | 1 |
| Dunn, K | 1 |
| Bergeria, C | 1 |
| Huhn, AS | 2 |
| Strain, EC | 4 |
| Carper, M | 1 |
| Contreras, KM | 1 |
| Walentiny, DM | 1 |
| Beardsley, PM | 1 |
| Damaj, MI | 1 |
| Gorodetzky, CW | 2 |
| Walsh, SL | 2 |
| Martin, PR | 3 |
| Saxon, AJ | 1 |
| Gullo, KL | 1 |
| Biswas, K | 1 |
| Gowing, L | 8 |
| Ali, R | 8 |
| White, JM | 7 |
| Law, FD | 1 |
| Diaper, AM | 1 |
| Melichar, JK | 1 |
| Coulton, S | 1 |
| Nutt, DJ | 4 |
| Myles, JS | 1 |
| Neubert, A | 1 |
| Baarslag, MA | 1 |
| Dijk, MV | 1 |
| Rosmalen, JV | 1 |
| Standing, JF | 1 |
| Sheng, Y | 1 |
| Rascher, W | 1 |
| Roberts, D | 1 |
| Winslade, J | 1 |
| Rawcliffe, L | 1 |
| Hanning, SM | 1 |
| Metsvaht, T | 1 |
| Giannuzzi, V | 1 |
| Larsson, P | 1 |
| Pokorná, P | 1 |
| Simonetti, A | 1 |
| Tibboel, D | 1 |
| Dunn, KE | 2 |
| Tompkins, DA | 2 |
| Bigelow, GE | 5 |
| Rudolf, G | 1 |
| Walsh, J | 1 |
| Plawman, A | 1 |
| Gianutsos, P | 1 |
| Alto, W | 1 |
| Mancl, L | 1 |
| Rudolf, V | 1 |
| Guo, S | 2 |
| Manning, V | 1 |
| Yang, Y | 1 |
| Koh, PK | 1 |
| Chan, E | 1 |
| de Souza, NN | 1 |
| Assam, PN | 1 |
| Sultana, R | 1 |
| Wijesinghe, R | 1 |
| Pangjaya, J | 1 |
| Kandasami, G | 1 |
| Cheok, C | 1 |
| Lee, KM | 1 |
| Wong, KE | 1 |
| Rahimi-Movaghar, A | 1 |
| Gholami, J | 1 |
| Amato, L | 1 |
| Hoseinie, L | 1 |
| Yousefi-Nooraie, R | 1 |
| Amin-Esmaeili, M | 1 |
| Traynor, K | 1 |
| Mohamed, A | 1 |
| Mahmoud, S | 1 |
| Saad, MO | 1 |
| Gazwi, K | 1 |
| Elshafei, M | 1 |
| Al Anany, R | 1 |
| Weerts, EM | 1 |
| Schroeder, JR | 2 |
| Moayeri, A | 1 |
| Azimi, M | 1 |
| Karimi, E | 1 |
| Aidy, A | 1 |
| Abbasi, N | 2 |
| Klein, LR | 1 |
| Cole, JB | 1 |
| Driver, BE | 1 |
| Miner, JR | 1 |
| Laes, JR | 1 |
| Fagerstrom, E | 1 |
| L Martel, M | 1 |
| Doughty, B | 1 |
| Morgenson, D | 1 |
| Brooks, T | 1 |
| Bryce, C | 1 |
| Ward, HB | 1 |
| Barnett, BS | 1 |
| Suzuki, J | 1 |
| Townsend, EA | 1 |
| Blake, S | 1 |
| Faunce, KE | 1 |
| Hwang, CS | 1 |
| Natori, Y | 1 |
| Zhou, B | 1 |
| Bremer, PT | 1 |
| Janda, KD | 1 |
| Banks, ML | 1 |
| Srivastava, A | 1 |
| Kahan, M | 1 |
| Njoroge, I | 1 |
| Sommer, LZ | 1 |
| Park, PE | 1 |
| Vendruscolo, LF | 1 |
| Schlosburg, JE | 1 |
| Edwards, S | 1 |
| Schulteis, G | 2 |
| Koob, GF | 5 |
| Larson, GE | 1 |
| Arnup, SJ | 1 |
| Clifford, M | 1 |
| Evans, J | 1 |
| Hünseler, C | 1 |
| Balling, G | 1 |
| Röhlig, C | 1 |
| Blickheuser, R | 1 |
| Trieschmann, U | 1 |
| Lieser, U | 1 |
| Dohna-Schwake, C | 1 |
| Gebauer, C | 1 |
| Möller, O | 1 |
| Hering, F | 1 |
| Hoehn, T | 1 |
| Schubert, S | 1 |
| Hentschel, R | 1 |
| Huth, RG | 1 |
| Müller, A | 1 |
| Müller, C | 3 |
| Wassmer, G | 1 |
| Hahn, M | 1 |
| Harnischmacher, U | 1 |
| Behr, J | 1 |
| Roth, B | 1 |
| Lin, SK | 2 |
| Pan, CH | 1 |
| Chen, CH | 1 |
| Albertson, TE | 1 |
| Chenoweth, J | 1 |
| Ford, J | 3 |
| Owen, K | 1 |
| Sutter, ME | 1 |
| Fresquez-Chavez, KR | 1 |
| Fogger, S | 1 |
| Kowalczyk, WJ | 1 |
| Phillips, KA | 1 |
| Jobes, ML | 1 |
| Kennedy, AP | 1 |
| Ghitza, UE | 1 |
| Agage, DA | 1 |
| Schmittner, JP | 1 |
| Epstein, DH | 2 |
| Preston, KL | 6 |
| Mörkl, S | 1 |
| Bengesser, SA | 1 |
| Schöggl, H | 1 |
| Bayer, D | 1 |
| Kapfhammer, HP | 1 |
| Shaw, M | 1 |
| Matsa, R | 1 |
| deWit, H | 1 |
| Lee, HM | 1 |
| Ruggoo, V | 1 |
| Graudins, A | 1 |
| Wu, X | 1 |
| Pang, G | 1 |
| Zhang, YM | 1 |
| Li, G | 1 |
| Xu, S | 1 |
| Dong, L | 1 |
| Stackman, RW | 1 |
| Zhang, G | 1 |
| Levin, FR | 2 |
| Mariani, JJ | 1 |
| Pavlicova, M | 1 |
| Brooks, D | 1 |
| Glass, A | 1 |
| Mahony, A | 1 |
| Nunes, EV | 2 |
| Bisaga, A | 2 |
| Dakwar, E | 1 |
| Carpenter, KM | 1 |
| Sullivan, MA | 1 |
| Choi, JC | 1 |
| Allahverdiyev, O | 1 |
| Türkmen, AZ | 1 |
| Sehirli, I | 1 |
| Arora, S | 1 |
| Vohora, D | 1 |
| Holroyd, KB | 1 |
| Rittenberg, A | 1 |
| Pahwa, A | 1 |
| Woody, G | 3 |
| Vernon, MK | 1 |
| Reinders, S | 1 |
| Mannix, S | 1 |
| Gullo, K | 1 |
| Clinch, T | 1 |
| Farrell, M | 3 |
| Capino, AC | 1 |
| Miller, JL | 3 |
| Johnson, PN | 3 |
| Dunsæd, F | 1 |
| Kristensen, Ø | 2 |
| Vederhus, JK | 2 |
| Clausen, T | 2 |
| Høie, MM | 1 |
| Mbewe, D | 1 |
| Yu, E | 1 |
| Miotto, K | 2 |
| Akerele, E | 1 |
| Montgomery, A | 1 |
| Elkashef, A | 1 |
| Walsh, R | 1 |
| Montoya, I | 1 |
| Fischman, MW | 2 |
| Collins, J | 1 |
| McSherry, F | 1 |
| Boardman, K | 1 |
| Davies, DK | 1 |
| O'Brien, CP | 1 |
| Ling, W | 3 |
| Kleber, H | 3 |
| Herman, BH | 1 |
| Negus, SS | 1 |
| Rice, KC | 1 |
| Liatsi, D | 1 |
| Tsapas, B | 1 |
| Pampori, S | 1 |
| Tsagourias, M | 1 |
| Pneumatikos, I | 1 |
| Matamis, D | 1 |
| Ziedonis, DM | 1 |
| Amass, L | 2 |
| Steinberg, M | 1 |
| Krejci, J | 1 |
| Annon, JJ | 1 |
| Cohen, AJ | 1 |
| Waite-O'Brien, N | 1 |
| Stine, SM | 1 |
| McCarty, D | 2 |
| Reid, MS | 1 |
| Brown, LS | 1 |
| Maslansky, R | 1 |
| Winhusen, T | 2 |
| Babcock, D | 1 |
| Brigham, G | 1 |
| Muir, J | 1 |
| Orr, D | 1 |
| Buchan, BJ | 1 |
| Horton, T | 1 |
| Zhang, GF | 1 |
| Ren, YP | 1 |
| Sheng, LX | 1 |
| Chi, Y | 1 |
| Du, WJ | 1 |
| Jiang, ZN | 1 |
| Xiao, L | 1 |
| Luo, XN | 1 |
| Tang, YL | 2 |
| Smith, AK | 1 |
| Liu, ZQ | 1 |
| Zhang, HX | 1 |
| Shi, J | 3 |
| Xu, GZ | 1 |
| Liu, TT | 1 |
| Wang, X | 2 |
| Shen, LY | 1 |
| Li, J | 3 |
| Hao, W | 2 |
| Chen, HX | 1 |
| Li, SX | 1 |
| Lu, L | 3 |
| Lieb, B | 1 |
| Bonnet, U | 1 |
| Specka, M | 1 |
| Augener, S | 1 |
| Bachmann, HS | 1 |
| Siffert, W | 1 |
| Scherbaum, N | 2 |
| Feily, A | 1 |
| Supady, A | 1 |
| Schwab, T | 1 |
| Busch, HJ | 1 |
| Honey, BL | 2 |
| Benefield, RJ | 1 |
| Hosseinzadeh, H | 1 |
| Jahanian, Z | 1 |
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| Kang, L | 2 |
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| Gish, EC | 1 |
| Becker, GL | 1 |
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| Lobmaier, P | 1 |
| Gossop, M | 10 |
| Waal, H | 1 |
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| Heinrich-Gräfe, U | 1 |
| Kirch, W | 1 |
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| McMahon, LR | 2 |
| Taksande, BG | 1 |
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| Bruijnzeel, AW | 2 |
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| van Tuijl, IA | 1 |
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| Strang, J | 8 |
| Muzyk, AJ | 1 |
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| Waisberg, DR | 1 |
| Tonner, PH | 1 |
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| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase 3, Randomized, Multicenter, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Efficacy, Safety, and Dose-Response Study of Lofexidine for Treatment of Opioid Withdrawal (Days 1-7) Followed by Open-Label, Variable Dose Lofexidine Treatment (Days 8-14)[NCT01863186] | Phase 3 | 603 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2013-06-30 | Completed | ||
| A Double Blind, Randomised, Multicentre, Active Controlled, Parallel-group, Phase III Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Intravenous Clonidine (Hydrochloride) Compared to Midazolam for Sedation in Children From Birth to Less Th[NCT02509273] | Phase 3 | 28 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2016-05-31 | Terminated (stopped due to lack of recruitment) | ||
| Medications Development for Drug Abuse Disorders[NCT01188421] | Phase 1/Phase 2 | 106 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2010-10-31 | Completed | ||
| A Double-blind Randomised Controlled Clinical Trial of Lofexidine Versus Diazepam in the Management of the Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome During Inpatient Detoxification in Singapore[NCT01675648] | Phase 4 | 112 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2012-08-31 | Completed | ||
| Buprenorphine in the Emergency Department: Buprenorphine Versus Clonidine for Opioid Withdrawal[NCT03174067] | Phase 4 | 26 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2013-03-31 | Completed | ||
| Examination of Palonosetron and Hydroxyzine Pre-treatment as a Possible Method to Reduce the Objective Signs of Experimentally-induced Acute Opioid Withdrawal in Humans: a Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Crossover Study[NCT00661674] | 10 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2008-04-30 | Completed | |||
| Clonidine for Relapse Prevention in Buprenorphine-Maintenance Patients[NCT00295308] | Phase 1 | 208 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2005-11-08 | Completed | ||
| Effect of Clonidine vs. Dexmedetomidine in Addition to Standard Treatment in Agitated Delirium in Intensive Care Patients: Pilot Study.[NCT04758936] | Phase 4 | 50 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2021-02-01 | Recruiting | ||
| Place of Low-Dose Naltrexone in Opiate Detoxification[NCT00135759] | Phase 2 | 174 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2005-04-30 | Completed | ||
| Ketamine as an Adjuvant Therapy for Acute Vaso Occlusive Crisis in Pediatric Patients With Sickle Cell Disease, a Pilot Study[NCT02801292] | Phase 3 | 20 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2016-07-31 | Not yet recruiting | ||
| Evaluation of the Effect of Ketamine on Remifentanil-induced Hyperalgesia Using Filaments, an Algometer, and Interleukins: a Double-blind, Randomized Study[NCT01301079] | Phase 3 | 60 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2010-09-30 | Completed | ||
| Effect of Ultra-low Dose Naloxone on Remifentanil-Induced Hyperalgesia[NCT03066739] | Phase 2 | 105 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2023-02-25 | Recruiting | ||
| Can Opioid-induced Hyperalgesia be Prevented by Gradual Dose Reduction vs. Abrupt Withdrawal of Remifentanil?[NCT01702389] | Phase 4 | 16 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2012-10-31 | Completed | ||
| Treatment of Polydrug-Using Opiate Dependents During Withdrawal[NCT00367874] | Phase 4 | 12 participants | Interventional | 2003-02-28 | Completed | ||
| An Innovative Digital Smoking Cessation Intervention for Low-Income Adults With Substance Use Disorder[NCT04419922] | 100 participants (Actual) | Observational | 2020-04-02 | Active, not recruiting | |||
| Efficacy of Clonidine in Reducing Iatrogenic-induced Opioid Dependence in Infants:[NCT01360450] | Phase 2/Phase 3 | 12 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2011-07-31 | Terminated (stopped due to The study was treminated because of low accural) | ||
| An Innovation Involving Self-Surveillance and Serious Gaming to Increase Smoking Quit Rate: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT04630340] | 40 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2021-01-31 | Not yet recruiting | |||
| Efficacy of Clonidine in the Treatment of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome: A Prospective, Double Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT00510016] | Phase 2 | 80 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2002-07-31 | Completed | ||
| Time to Detox: A Patient-Centered Comparison of Length of Detoxification Treatment and Time to Naltrexone Maintenance Therapy in Opioid-Dependent Individuals[NCT03678792] | Phase 3 | 0 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2019-11-15 | Withdrawn (stopped due to Infeasible to conduct at this time.) | ||
| Does Preoperative Pain Medication Management Influence Surgical Outcomes in Spinal Fusion: A Randomized Controlled Study[NCT04095624] | 84 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2019-09-09 | Recruiting | |||
| Phenobarbital Versus Ativan for Refractory Alcohol Withdrawal Treatment in the Intensive Care Unit[NCT04156464] | Phase 4 | 142 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2020-07-06 | Recruiting | ||
| Can Cognitive-bias Modification Training During Inpatient Alcohol Detoxification Reduce Relapse Rates Post-discharge?[NCT02634476] | 83 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2014-06-30 | Completed | |||
| Evaluation of the Standardised Nurse-led Approach for Risk Screening and Decrease of Alcohol Withdrawal Among Adult Inpatients With Alcohol Dependence in an Ear, Nose, Throat and Jaw Surgery Department[NCT02782156] | 89 participants (Actual) | Observational | 2014-11-30 | Completed | |||
| Hemodynamic Effect of Intrathecal Clonidine in Hypertensive Subjects: A Pilot Study to Assess Its Effectiveness in Hypertensive Subjects With Poor Blood Pressure Control (Phase II)[NCT01297335] | Phase 2 | 10 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2011-02-28 | Completed | ||
| Acamprosate for Central Nervous System Hyperexcitability and Neuroadaptation in Alcohol Withdrawal[NCT00106106] | Phase 2 | 56 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2005-03-31 | Completed | ||
| A Pilot Randomized Comparative Effectiveness Clinical Trial of Buprenorphine vs. Methadone for the Treatment of Opioid Dependence in Pregnancy.[NCT03098407] | 55 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2017-04-20 | Completed | |||
| The Effects of Ketamine and Guanfacine on Working Memory in Healthy Subjects[NCT01600885] | 16 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2008-08-31 | Completed | |||
| A Safe Ketamine-Based Therapy for Treatment Resistant Depression[NCT01179009] | 20 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2012-04-30 | Completed | |||
| Effects of Clonidine and Midazolam Premedication on Bispectral Index and Recovery After Elective Surgery[NCT00638729] | 60 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2005-08-31 | Completed | |||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
The percentage of subjects in each treatment arm who receive at least one dose of study medication on Day 7 and complete the 3.5 hour post-dose SOWS-Gossop assessment on Day 7. (NCT01863186)
Timeframe: Day 7
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) | |
|---|---|---|
| Yes/Complete | No/Did Not Complete | |
| DB: Lofexidine HCl 2.4mg Dose | 95 | 134 |
| DB: Lofexidine HCl 3.2mg Dose | 88 | 134 |
| DB: Placebo | 42 | 109 |
"The SOWS-Gossop was completed by the mITT population subject at baseline, once daily at 3.5 hours after the first dose of the study medication on Days 1 to 7. It consists of 10 items that are scored on a 4-point scale; 0=none, 1=mild, 2=moderate, and 3=severe. The overall score is the simple sum of the 10-item scores (minimum overall score of 0, maximum score of 30). Higher individual scores on the scale indicate greater symptom severity. However, as the outcome measure is a difference from placebo, a lower number indicates a better outcome.~mITT population: all randomized subjects who received at least 1 dose of study medication" (NCT01863186)
Timeframe: Days 1 through 7
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 3 | Day 4 | Day 5 | Day 6 | Day 7 | |
| DB: Lofexidine HCl 2.4mg Dose | 7.8 | 10.2 | 7.6 | 5.7 | 4.7 | 3.6 | 2.7 |
| DB: Lofexidine HCl 3.2mg Dose | 7.6 | 9.9 | 7.4 | 5.5 | 4.5 | 3.2 | 2.3 |
| DB: Placebo | 9.4 | 13.9 | 10.9 | 9.2 | 6.4 | 4.4 | 2.7 |
Outcomes represent mean peak withdrawal as rated on the Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale (COWS) total score. Withdrawal was collected 7 times daily and daily peak values were identified for each participant and averaged together as a function of group. Primary outcomes were mean peak results from the 7-day taper period and first 7 days post-taper. The COWS is an 11-item observer-rated measure of opioid withdrawal severity. Items are rated on individual Likert scales and the total score range is 0-47. Higher values indicate more severe withdrawal. (NCT01188421)
Timeframe: 14 days total
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Taper Day 1 | Taper Day 2 | Taper Day 3 | Taper Day 4 | Taper Day 5 | Taper Day 6 | Taper Day 7 | Post Taper Day 1 | Post Taper Day 2 | Post Taper Day 3 | Post Taper Day 4 | Post Taper Day 5 | Post Taper Day 6 | Post Taper Day 7 | |
| Buprenorphine | 7.79 | 6.16 | 4.76 | 4.21 | 4.31 | 4.06 | 3.51 | 4.82 | 5.62 | 6.23 | 5.49 | 5.87 | 4.91 | 4.91 |
| Clonidine | 8.28 | 8.00 | 5.85 | 4.70 | 3.32 | 3.57 | 3.86 | 3.27 | 4.09 | 3.68 | 3.82 | 3.27 | 2.91 | 2.41 |
| Tramadol ER | 8.41 | 6.10 | 3.77 | 4.25 | 3.25 | 3.39 | 3.69 | 3.36 | 4.48 | 3.28 | 3.13 | 2.75 | 2.57 | 2.30 |
"The OOWS is a 13-item instrument documenting physically observable signs of withdrawal, which are rated as present (1) or absent (0) during the observation period. Maximum score possible = 13, minimum score possible = 0. T=15 minutes post naloxone administration coordinates with T = 180 (min) for the entire study session.~OOWS scores at T=180 is the primary outcome measure of the study compared with baseline OOWS scores at T=-30 (30 minutes prior to study medication administration). Reported time frames are in relation to time past since administration of study medications.~Mean post-Naloxone OOWS scores (+/- SEM) were determined for pretreatment groups" (NCT00661674)
Timeframe: Change from baseline in OOWS score at 180 minutes (15 minutes post naloxone administration)
| Intervention | units on a scale (OOWS Scale) (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Placebo | 3.5 |
| Palonosetron | 1.0 |
| Palonosetron + Hydroxyzine | 0 |
"The SOWS score is composed of 16 subjective symptoms rated on a scale of 0 to 4 (0=not at all, 4=extremely) based on what subjects were experiencing at the time of testing. 15 minutes post naloxone administration coordinates with T = 180 (min) for the entire study session.~The highest score possible (64) would indicate that the individual was experiencing every symptom of opioid withdrawal to the fullest extent possible while the lowest score (0) would indicate that the individual was not experiencing any symptoms of opioid withdrawal.~Mean post-naloxone SOWS scores (+/- SEM) were computed for pretreatment groups: Placebo, palonosetron, and palonosetron with hydroxyzine" (NCT00661674)
Timeframe: Change from baseline in SOWS score at 180 minutes (15 minutes post naloxone administration)
| Intervention | units on a scale (SOWS Scale) (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Placebo | 6.0 |
| Palonosetron | 4.0 |
| Palonosetron + Hydroxyzine | 3.5 |
The evaluations using the soft brush were performed 2-3 cm from the incision in the periumbilical region (where the large trocar was placed) 24 h after the procedure (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 24 h after the procedure
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 1 |
| Saline | 0 |
The evaluations using the soft brush were performed 2-3 cm from the incision in the periumbilical region (where the large trocar was placed) before the procedure (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: Before the procedure (Baseline)
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 1 |
| Saline | 0 |
The evaluations using the soft brush were performed in the thenar eminence of the non dominant hand 24 h after the procedure (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 24 h after the procedure
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 1 |
| Saline | 3 |
The evaluations using the soft brush were performed in the thenar eminence of the nondominant hand before the procedure (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: Before the procedure (Baseline)
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 1 |
| Saline | 0 |
The 300-g filament was used 24 hours after the operation to induce a stimulus and delineate the extent of hyperalgesia from the periumbilical region. The stimulus was started outside the periumbilical region, where no pain sensation was reported, and continued every 0.5 cm until the 4 points of the periumbilical scar were reached (top, right side, left side, and bottom). The first point where the patient complained of pain was marked. If no pain sensation was reported, the stimulus was terminated 0.5 cm from the incision. The distance of each point from the surgical incision was measured, and the sum of the distances of the points was determined. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 24 hours after the procedure
| Intervention | centimeter (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 10.61 |
| Saline | 11.82 |
The mechanical pain threshold was evaluated using an algometer. The pressure was increased by 0.1 kgf/second until the patient complained of pain. The mean of three determinations was calculated. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 24 h after the procedure
| Intervention | kilogram force/second (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 3.5 |
| Saline | 3.7 |
The mechanical pain threshold was evaluated using an algometer. The pressure was increased by 0.1 kgf/second until the patient complained of pain. The mean of three determinations was calculated. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 24 h after the procedure
| Intervention | kilogram force/second (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 0.56 |
| Saline | 0.51 |
The pain threshold was assessed using six von Frey monofilaments (0,05 g; 0,2 g; 2 g; 4 g; 10 g e 300 g) in the periumbilical region in the postoperative period (24h after the procedure). The use of different von Frey monofilaments, starting with the lightest and ending with the heaviest, was separated by at least 30 seconds to reduce any anticipated responses due to a new stimulation that was performed too soon after the preceding stimulation. Three assessments were made for each monofilament, and this was considered positive when the patient responded to two of the determinations for each monofilament. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 24h after the procedure
| Intervention | gram (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 248 |
| Saline | 205 |
The pain threshold was assessed using six von Frey monofilaments (0,05 g; 0,2 g; 2 g; 4 g; 10 g e 300 g) in thenar eminence in the postoperative period (24 hours after procedure). The use of different von Frey monofilaments, starting with the lightest and ending with the heaviest, was separated by at least 30 seconds to reduce any anticipated responses due to a new stimulation that was performed too soon after the preceding stimulation. Three assessments were made for each monofilament, and this was considered positive when the patient responded to two of the determinations for each monofilament. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 24 hours after procedure
| Intervention | gram (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 290 |
| Saline | 247 |
The mechanical pain threshold was evaluated using an algometer. The pressure was increased by 0.1 kgf/second until the patient complained of pain. The mean of three determinations was calculated. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: Baseline (before the surgery)
| Intervention | kilogram force/second (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 3.6 |
| Saline | 3.9 |
The mechanical pain threshold was evaluated using an algometer. The pressure was increased by 0.1 kgf/second until the patient complained of pain. The mean of three determinations was calculated. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: Baseline (before the procedure)
| Intervention | kilogram force/second (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 2.51 |
| Saline | 2.19 |
The pain threshold was assessed using six von Frey monofilaments (0,05 g; 0,2 g; 2 g; 4 g; 10 g e 300 g) in the periumbilical region in the preoperative period. The use of different von Frey monofilaments, starting with the lightest and ending with the heaviest, was separated by at least 30 seconds to reduce any anticipated responses due to a new stimulation that was performed too soon after the preceding stimulation. Three assessments were made for each monofilament, and this was considered positive when the patient responded to two of the determinations for each monofilament. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: Before the procedure (Baseline)
| Intervention | gram (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 279 |
| Saline | 269 |
The pain threshold was assessed using six von Frey monofilaments (0,05 g; 0,2 g; 2 g; 4 g; 10 g e 300 g) in thenar eminence in the preoperative period. The use of different von Frey monofilaments, starting with the lightest and ending with the heaviest, was separated by at least 30 seconds to reduce any anticipated responses due to a new stimulation that was performed too soon after the preceding stimulation. Three assessments were made for each monofilament, and this was considered positive when the patient responded to two of the determinations for each monofilament. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: Before the procedure (Baseline)
| Intervention | gram (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 300 |
| Saline | 300 |
(NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 24 hours
| Intervention | milligram (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 27.40 |
| Saline | 27.70 |
The scale measure pain after 12 hours (0 - without pain and 10 worst pain possible). The individual can choose any number between 0 - 10. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 12 hours
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 1.6 |
| Saline | 1.4 |
The scale measure pain after 120 minutes (0 - without pain and 10 worst pain possible). The individual can choose any number between 0 - 10. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 120 minutes
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 2.2 |
| Saline | 2.0 |
The scale measure pain after 150 minutes (0 - without pain and 10 worst pain possible). The individual can choose any number between 0 - 10. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 150 minutes
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 1.4 |
| Saline | 1.4 |
The scale measure pain after 18 hours (0 - without pain and 10 worst pain possible). The individual can choose any number between 0 - 10. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 18 hours
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 1.5 |
| Saline | 1.3 |
The scale measure pain after 180 minutes (0 - without pain and 10 worst pain possible). The individual can choose any number between 0 - 10. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 180 minutes
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 1.1 |
| Saline | 1.3 |
The scale measure pain after 210 minutes (0 - without pain and 10 worst pain possible). The individual can choose any number between 0 - 10. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 210 minutes
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 0.9 |
| Saline | 1.2 |
The scale measure pain after 24 hours (0 - without pain and 10 worst pain possible). The individual can choose any number between 0 - 10. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 24 hours
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 1.4 |
| Saline | 0.8 |
The scale measure pain after 240 minutes (0 - without pain and 10 worst pain possible). The individual can choose any number between 0 - 10. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 240 minutes
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 1.0 |
| Saline | 1.1 |
The scale measure pain after 30 minutes (0 - without pain and 10 worst pain possible). The individual can choose any number between 0 - 10. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 30 minutes
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 5.5 |
| Saline | 6.2 |
The scale measure pain after 6 hours (0 - without pain and 10 worst pain possible). The individual can choose any number between 0 - 10. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 6 hours
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 0.9 |
| Saline | 0.7 |
The scale measure pain after 60 minutes (0 - without pain and 10 worst pain possible). The individual can choose any number between 0 - 10. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 60 minutes
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 4.6 |
| Saline | 5.1 |
The scale measure pain after 90 minutes (0 - without pain and 10 worst pain possible). The individual can choose any number between 0 - 10. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 90 minutes
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 3.4 |
| Saline | 3.4 |
Blood samples were drawn in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) tubes 24 h after the surgery. The blood was centrifuged to separate the plasma and was stored at -70°C. IL-6 was analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methodology. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 24 h after the procedure
| Intervention | picogram/milliliter (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 8.6 |
| Saline | 5.0 |
Blood samples were drawn in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) tubes 5 h after the surgery. The blood was centrifuged to separate the plasma and was stored at -70°C. IL-10 was analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methodology. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 5h after the procedure
| Intervention | picogram/milliliter (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 9.1 |
| Saline | 5.5 |
Blood samples were drawn in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) tubes before the surgery. The blood was centrifuged to separate the plasma and was stored at -70°C. IL-6 was analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methodology. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: Baseline (Before the procedure)
| Intervention | picogram/milliliter (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 7.8 |
| Saline | 1.9 |
Blood samples were drawn in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) tubes 24 h after the surgery. The blood was centrifuged to separate the plasma and was stored at -70°C. IL-6 was analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methodology. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 24 h after the procedure
| Intervention | picogram/milliliter (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 24.1 |
| Saline | 24.8 |
Blood samples were drawn in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) tubes 5 h after the surgery. The blood was centrifuged to separate the plasma and was stored at -70°C. IL-6 was analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methodology. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 5 h after the procedure
| Intervention | picogram/milliliter (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 29.3 |
| Saline | 34.8 |
Blood samples were drawn in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) tubes before the surgery. The blood was centrifuged to separate the plasma and was stored at -70°C. IL-6 was analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methodology. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: Baseline (Before the procedure)
| Intervention | picogram/milliliter (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 3.3 |
| Saline | 2.1 |
Blood samples were drawn in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) tubes 24 h after the surgery. The blood was centrifuged to separate the plasma and was stored at -70°C. IL-8 was analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methodology. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 24 h after the procedure
| Intervention | picogram/milliliter (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 6.0 |
| Saline | 4.5 |
Blood samples were drawn in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) tubes 5 h after the surgery. The blood was centrifuged to separate the plasma and was stored at -70°C. IL-8 was analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methodology. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 5 h after the procedure
| Intervention | picogram/milliliter (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 8.0 |
| Saline | 11.3 |
Blood samples were drawn in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) tubes before the surgery. The blood was centrifuged to separate the plasma and was stored at -70°C. IL-8 was analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methodology. (NCT01301079)
Timeframe: Baseline (Before the procedure)
| Intervention | picogram/milliliter (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 3.3 |
| Saline | 2.2 |
(NCT01301079)
Timeframe: 24 hours
| Intervention | minutes (Median) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine | 18 |
| Saline | 15 |
Time to complete detoxification is defined as 48 hrs off all opioids/benzodiazepines and study drug with acceptable withdrawal scores of <9 (on average we expect the infant to be enrolled in the study for 2-4 weeks). The scale used to assess withdrawal was the Modified Finnegan Neonatal Withdrawal Scale, which ranges from 0-41, 0 represents no withdrawal and 41 represent maximum withdrawal. (NCT01360450)
Timeframe: up to 4 weeks
| Intervention | days (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| total days on narcotics | duration on study drug in days | |
| Control | 37.2 | 14.2 |
| Treatment | 89.5 | 21 |
"Subjects baseline blood pressure (systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP)), and blood pressures after clonidine injection was compared against baseline to assess efficacy of clonidine in refractory hypertensive subjects. Subject's blood pressure was monitored continuously after intrathecal injection of clonidine until subjects blood pressure nadir and return to pre clonidine injection level. The mean value reported below are the average changes in blood pressure from baseline (pre clonidine injection) in both SBP and DBP during post clonidine injection blood pressure monitoring for 4 hours.~Blood pressure measurements were collected every 10 minutes for first hour after injection, and every 15 minutes after the first hour, up to 4 hours were averaged to report the change from baseline." (NCT01297335)
Timeframe: Baseline, Every 10 Minutes for first hour after clonidine injection, and every 15 minutes after first hour, until 4 hours after clonidine injection
| Intervention | mm Hg (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Change in mean SBP after clonidine injection | Change in DBP after clonidine injection | |
| Intrathecal Clonidine | 79 | 37 |
Subjects were asked to rate severity of two of the most common side effects of clonidine, sedation and sensation of dry mouth, at pre and post (1 hour after) intrathecal administration of clonidine. The mean changes between pre and post injection VAS ratings of sedation and sensation of dry mouth are reported below. The VAS scale ranges from 1 to 10 cm, with higher values indicating higher level of sedation and higher level of dry mouth. (NCT01297335)
Timeframe: Before clonidine injection (Baseline), and at 1 hour after clonidine injection.
| Intervention | cm (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Change in level of sedation | Change in sensation of dry mouth | |
| Intrathecal Clonidine | 3.36 | 3.47 |
Likert scale is 11 point digital pain rating system that asks subjects to rate their pain from 0 to 10. Rating of 0 means no pain at all, and in increasing order, 10 would mean worst pain imaginable/ unbearable pain. (NCT01297335)
Timeframe: Pre-dose and 1 hour post injection.
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Pre-injection average Likert score | Post-injection average Likert score | |
| Intrathecal Clonidine | 6.5 | 3.6 |
The ratio of glutamate to creatine was determined using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), a technique that complements magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRS is used to determine the concentration of brain metabolites, such as glutamate, in brain tissue. MRS utilizes a magnetic field to look at magnetic nuclei, which absorb and re-emit electromagnetic energy in the presence of the magnetic field. By looking at the peaks in the resultant spectra the structure and concentration of metabolites can be determined. (NCT00106106)
Timeframe: Day 25
| Intervention | Ratio of glutamate to creatine (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Placebo | 1.350375 |
| Acamprosate | 1.166667 |
The ratio of glutamate to creatine was determined using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), a technique that complements magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRS is used to determine the concentration of brain metabolites, such as glutamate, in brain tissue. MRS utilizes a magnetic field to look at magnetic nuclei, which absorb and re-emit electromagnetic energy in the presence of the magnetic field. By looking at the peaks in the resultant spectra the structure and concentration of metabolites can be determined. (NCT00106106)
Timeframe: Day 4
| Intervention | Ratio of glutamate to creatine (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Placebo | 1.256772 |
| Acamprosate | 1.294178 |
"Scans will be analyzed for task-related prefrontal activation~Difference Score: Percent Signal Change in Regions of Interest (ketamine - saline)" (NCT01600885)
Timeframe: Within 4 hours of dose administration, after up to 1.25 hours of ketamine infusion
| Intervention | percent change in saline signal (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Guanfacine | -0.17 |
| Placebo | -0.094 |
Difference Score: Percent Signal Change in Regions of Interest (ketamine - saline) (NCT01600885)
Timeframe: Within 4 hours of dose administration, after up to 1.25 hours of ketamine infusion
| Intervention | percent change in saline signal (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Guanfacine | -0.1 |
| Placebo | 0.052 |
Difference Score: Percent Signal Change in Regions of Interest (ketamine - saline) (NCT01600885)
Timeframe: Within 4 hours of dose administration, after up to 1.25 hours of ketamine infusion
| Intervention | percent change in saline signal (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Guanfacine | -0.134 |
| Placebo | -0.086 |
The Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) is a 10-item scale that measures the severity of depression, with a higher score indicating a higher level of depression. The range of scores is 0 to 60. (NCT01179009)
Timeframe: 8 weeks
| Intervention | Scores on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Ketamine 100-hour Infusion | -9.0 |
| Ketamine 40-minute Infusion | -6.4 |
84 reviews available for clonidine and Drug Withdrawal Symptoms
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Efficacy and safety of tramadol in the treatment of opioid withdrawal: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Topics: Bayes Theorem; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Humans; Methadone; Narcotics; Opioid-Related Disorders; Ran | 2023 |
Clonidine as a strategy for discontinuing dexmedetomidine sedation in critically ill patients: A narrative review.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adult; Clonidine; Critical Illness; Dexmedetomidine; Dose-Resp | 2020 |
A Comprehensive Update of Lofexidine for the Management of Opioid Withdrawal Symptoms.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Clonidine; Humans; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2020 |
Opioid antagonists with minimal sedation for opioid withdrawal.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Clonidine; Humans; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Non-Random | 2017 |
Pharmacological therapies for management of opium withdrawal.
Topics: Amantadine; Amines; Baclofen; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Gabapentin; gam | 2018 |
Lofexidine: A Newly FDA-Approved, Nonopioid Treatment for Opioid Withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Humans; Narcotic Antagonists; Opioid-Related Disorders; Randomized Controlled Tria | 2019 |
Is it prime time for alpha2-adrenocepter agonists in the treatment of withdrawal syndromes?
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Alcoholism; Clonidine; Dexmedetomidine; Humans; Opioid-Related | 2014 |
Reduction of opiate withdrawal symptoms with use of clonidine in a county jail.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adult; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Opioid-Re | 2015 |
Alpha₂-adrenergic agonists for the management of opioid withdrawal.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Clonidine; Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic; | 2016 |
Clonidine for Sedation and Analgesia and Withdrawal in Critically Ill Infants and Children.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Analgesics; Child; Clonidine; Critical Illness; Dose-Response | 2016 |
Buprenorphine for managing opioid withdrawal.
Topics: Acute Disease; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Male; Methadone; Narcotic Antagonists; Opia | 2017 |
Buprenorphine for the management of opioid withdrawal.
Topics: Acute Disease; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Humans; Narcotic Antagonists; Opioid-Related Disorders; Ran | 2009 |
Alpha2-receptor agonists for treatment and prevention of iatrogenic opioid abstinence syndrome in critically ill patients.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Child; Clonidine; Critical I | 2009 |
Opioid antagonists with minimal sedation for opioid withdrawal.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; Humans; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcot | 2009 |
Lofexidine, an {alpha}2-receptor agonist for opioid detoxification.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Clinical Trials as Topic; | 2010 |
The pharmacological treatment of opioid addiction--a clinical perspective.
Topics: Adrenergic Agonists; Analgesics, Opioid; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans | 2010 |
Role of α2-agonists in the treatment of acute alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Animals; Clonidine; Dexmedetomidine; Ethanol; Humans; Norepine | 2011 |
[α2-Agonists during withdrawal].
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Alcoholism; Clonidine; Humans; Opioid-Related Disorders; Subst | 2011 |
Opioid detoxification and naltrexone induction strategies: recommendations for clinical practice.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Buprenorphine; Clinical Protocols; Clonidine; Drug Administrat | 2012 |
Intentional intrathecal opioid detoxification in 3 patients: characterization of the intrathecal opioid withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Analgesics, Opioid; Chronic Pain; Clo | 2013 |
[Smoking in COPD].
Topics: Benzazepines; Bupropion; Clonidine; Comorbidity; Disease Progression; Europe; Humans; Motivation; Ni | 2011 |
Smoking cessation in the elderly.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Aged; Behavior Therapy; Clonidine; Counseling; Habits; Humans; Nicotine; | 2003 |
Buprenorphine for the management of opioid withdrawal.
Topics: Acute Disease; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Humans; Narcotic Antagonists; Opioid-Related Disorders; Ran | 2004 |
Buprenorphine for the management of opioid withdrawal.
Topics: Acute Disease; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Humans; Narcotic Antagonists; Opioid-Related Disorders; Ran | 2006 |
Opiate addiction in China: current situation and treatments.
Topics: Buprenorphine; China; Clonidine; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; HIV Infections; Humans; Methadone; Naltrexon | 2006 |
Smoking cessation pharmacotherapy--nicotine and non-nicotine preparations.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Administration, Inhalation; Benzazepines; Bupropion; Chewing Gum; Clonidi | 2007 |
[Drug dependence syndrome as a side effect of medical drug use].
Topics: Central Nervous System Agents; Clonidine; Flumazenil; Humans; Naloxone; Psychotherapy, Group; Self-H | 2007 |
Novel pharmacological approaches for treating tobacco dependence and withdrawal: current status.
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; Clonidine; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2A6; Drug Deliv | 2008 |
Sites and mechanisms of dependence in the myenteric plexus of guinea pig ileum.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adenosine; Animals; Clonidine; Cyclic AMP; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Ileum; In Vitro Techn | 1984 |
Withdrawal syndromes and the cessation of antihypertensive therapy.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Clonidine; Humans; Hypertension; Propranolol; | 1981 |
Abrupt cessation of treatment in hypertension: consideration of clinical features, mechanisms, prevention and management of the discontinuation syndrome.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Bethanidine; Blood Pressure; Cloni | 1981 |
Antihypertensive drug withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Catecholamines; Clonidine; Humans; Methyldopa; | 1982 |
[Narcotic withdrawal syndrome. Therapeutic methods].
Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Analgesia; Brain; Centr | 1982 |
Psychiatric uses of antiadrenergic and adrenergic blocking drugs.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Amnestic Disorder; Antipsychotic Agents; Bipolar Disorder; Clinical Trials as Topic; | 1984 |
Cardiovascular drug withdrawal syndromes. A potential problem with calcium antagonists?
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cardiovascular Agents; Clonidine; Humans; Sub | 1984 |
[Treatment of opiate withdrawal syndromes (historical review)].
Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Clonidine; Drug Evaluation; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; Huma | 1984 |
Combined alpha- and beta-receptor inhibition in the treatment of hypertension.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Anesthesia; Antihyp | 1984 |
Discontinuation syndrome following cessation of treatment with clonidine and other antihypertensive agents.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Clonidine; Drug Combinations; Humans; Substanc | 1980 |
Labetalol and the management of hypertension.
Topics: Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Clonidine; Ethanolamines; Humans; Hypertension; Labetalol; Pheochromocytoma | 1981 |
Withdrawal syndromes following cessation of treatment with antihypertensive drugs.
Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Brain; Catecholamines; Clonidine; Disease Models, | 1982 |
The involvement of central alpha adrenoceptors in the antihypertensive actions of methyldopa and clonidine in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Brain; Clonidine; Heart Rate; Humans; Methyldopa; Rats; Receptors, Adrenerg | 1984 |
Multiple mechanisms of withdrawal from opioid drugs.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adenine Nucleotides; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Calcium; Calmodulin; Clonidine; Condit | 1984 |
The sequential use of clonidine and naltrexone in the treatment of opiate addicts.
Topics: Adult; Baclofen; Clonidine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electric Stimulation Therapy; Endorphins; Eth | 1984 |
New insights and treatments: opiate withdrawal and cocaine addiction.
Topics: Brain Chemistry; Clonidine; Cocaine; Dopamine; Humans; Methadone; Naltrexone; Norepinephrine; Substa | 1984 |
[Complications associated with sudden withdrawal of various drugs used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases].
Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Clonidine; Guanethidine; Humans; Nitroglycerin; Nitroprusside; Propranolol; | 1981 |
Drug withdrawal syndromes-- a literature review.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Anticoagulants; Anticonvulsants; Clonidine; Ethanol; Female; Humans; Infant | 1980 |
The neurobiological implication of clonidine HCl.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Dopamine; Electric Stimulation; Humans; Locus Coeruleus; Narcotics; Norepinephri | 1981 |
The clonidine withdrawal syndrome. Its reproduction and evaluation in laboratory animal models.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Disease Models, Animal; Heart Rate; Humans; Substance Withdrawal | 1981 |
[Acute clinidine intoxication. Critical review].
Topics: Adult; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Clonidine; Female; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Self | 1981 |
Clonidine: new research in psychotropic drug pharmacology.
Topics: Aggression; Analgesics; Animals; Anxiety Disorders; Arousal; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; B | 1981 |
Management of alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Clonidine; Drug Interactions; Ethanol; Human | 1995 |
Lofexidine and opioid withdrawal.
Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Clonidine; Humans; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1995 |
Adjunctive treatment of benzodiazepine discontinuation syndromes: a review.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Carbamazepine; Clonidine; Combined Modality Therapy; Humans; P | 1993 |
Treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Benzodiazepines; Carbamazepine; Clonidine; Ethanol; Humans; Substance W | 1994 |
Common errors in the pharmacologic treatment of drug dependence and withdrawal.
Topics: Behavior Therapy; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Humans; Lithium; Methadone; Narcotics; Nicotine; Psychot | 1994 |
Opiate detoxification protocols. A clinical manual.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Clinical Protocols; Clonidine; Codeine; Female; Humans; Male; Methadone; | 1993 |
Opiate detoxification protocols. A clinical manual.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Clinical Protocols; Clonidine; Codeine; Female; Humans; Male; Methadone; | 1993 |
Opiate detoxification protocols. A clinical manual.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Clinical Protocols; Clonidine; Codeine; Female; Humans; Male; Methadone; | 1993 |
Opiate detoxification protocols. A clinical manual.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Clinical Protocols; Clonidine; Codeine; Female; Humans; Male; Methadone; | 1993 |
Opiate addiction and the locus coeruleus. The clinical utility of clonidine, naltrexone, methadone, and buprenorphine.
Topics: Animals; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Humans; Locus Coeruleus; Methadone; Naltrexone; Opioid-Related Di | 1993 |
[The role of clonidine in anesthesia].
Topics: Analgesics; Anesthesia; Clonidine; Ethanol; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pain, Postoperative; Po | 1993 |
Is clonidine an effective smoking cessation therapy?
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Clonidine; Drug Interactions; Female; Humans; Male; Meta-Analysis as Topi | 1995 |
What is important in drug misuse treatment?
Topics: Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Humans; Methadone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Substance Withdrawal | 1996 |
Nitric oxide synthase inhibitors. Preclinical studies of potential use for treatment of opioid withdrawal.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Arginine; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Depression, Chemical; Enzym | 1995 |
Aspects of tolerability of centrally acting antihypertensive drugs.
Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Clonidine; Humans; Imidazoles; Methyldopa; Reserpine; Substance Withdrawal | 1996 |
Pharmacological management of alcohol withdrawal. A meta-analysis and evidence-based practice guideline. American Society of Addiction Medicine Working Group on Pharmacological Management of Alcohol Withdrawal.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Car | 1997 |
Compliance to naltrexone treatment after ultra-rapid opiate detoxification: an open label naturalistic study.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Clonidine; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Israel; Male; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antago | 1997 |
Alpha2-adrenergic agonists in opioid withdrawal.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Clonidine; Confidence Intervals; Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic; Hum | 2002 |
Transdermal clonidine.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Analgesics; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; | 2000 |
[Alcohol withdrawal syndrome management. Preventive and curative treatment].
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Clonid | 2002 |
The therapeutic uses of clonidine.
Topics: Blood Pressure; Climacteric; Clonidine; Female; Glaucoma; Hemodynamics; Humans; Hypertension; Kidney | 1979 |
Drug therapy: clonidine, a new antihypertensive drug.
Topics: Blood Pressure; Brain; Clonidine; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Hemodynamics; Humans | 1975 |
Neuropharmacologic and behavioral actions of clonidine: interactions with central neurotransmitters.
Topics: Behavior; Central Nervous System; Clonidine; Humans; Imidazoline Receptors; Neurotransmitter Agents; | 1992 |
Detoxification of nonopiate drugs in the chronic pain setting and clonidine opiate detoxification.
Topics: Analgesics; Chronic Disease; Clonidine; Humans; Pain; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1992 |
Afferent effects on locus coeruleus in opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Cats; Clonidine; Dizocilpine Maleate; Kynurenic Acid; Locus Coeruleus; M | 1991 |
Towards better diagnoses and more individual treatment of tobacco dependence.
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Behavior Therapy; Clonidine; Combined Modality Therapy; Humans; Nicotine; Per | 1991 |
[Clonidine-naltrexone: a new technic for the detoxification of opiate addicts].
Topics: Clonidine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Methadone; Naltrexone; Narcotics; Opioid-Related Disor | 1990 |
[Central and peripheral alpha-agonist and antagonist drugs in pharmacology and therapy].
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Output, Lo | 1989 |
The narcotic bowel syndrome.
Topics: Abdomen; Clonidine; Humans; Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction; Narcotics; Pain; Substance Withdrawal Syn | 1989 |
NIH conference. Alcohol withdrawal and noradrenergic function.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Clonidine; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Epinephrine; Human | 1987 |
Clonidine in abstinence reactions: basic mechanisms.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Anxiety Disorders; Autonomic Nervous System; Central Nervous Sys | 1986 |
Therapeutic effect and complication profile of clonidine-beta-blocker combinations.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clonidine; Drug Combinations; Humans; Hyperten | 1988 |
Clonidine and the treatment of the opiate withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Hypotension; Methadone; Naltrexone; Narcotics; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1988 |
[Pharmacodynamic withdrawal of drug addicts].
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1987 |
Clonidine.
Topics: Alcoholism; Clonidine; Humans; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1987 |
Clonidine treatment of the opiate withdrawal syndrome. A review of clinical trials of a theory.
Topics: Adrenergic Fibers; Animals; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Brain; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cloni | 1986 |
Narcotic withdrawal in the emergency department.
Topics: Clonidine; Emergency Service, Hospital; Endorphins; Humans; Methadone; Narcotics; Nervous System Dis | 1985 |
122 trials available for clonidine and Drug Withdrawal Symptoms
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Lofexidine in Combination With Oral Naltrexone for Opioid Use Disorder Relapse Prevention: A Pilot Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Chemoprevention; Clonidine; Craving; Double-Blind Method; D | 2019 |
Effect of lofexidine on cardiac repolarization during treatment of opioid withdrawal.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Met | 2019 |
A phase III, randomized, multi-center, double blind, placebo controlled study of safety and efficacy of lofexidine for relief of symptoms in individuals undergoing inpatient opioid withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Inpatients; Male | 2017 |
Buprenorphine/naloxone versus methadone and lofexidine in community stabilisation and detoxification: A randomised controlled trial of low dose short-term opiate-dependent individuals.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Buprenorphine, Naloxone Drug Combination; Clonidine; Craving; Double-Blind Metho | 2017 |
The CLOSED trial; CLOnidine compared with midazolam for SEDation of paediatric patients in the intensive care unit: study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial.
Topics: Adolescent; Analgesics, Opioid; Child; Child Development; Child, Preschool; Clonidine; Delirium; Hum | 2017 |
Efficacy of Tramadol Extended-Release for Opioid Withdrawal: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Delayed-Action Preparations; Double | 2017 |
Lofexidine versus diazepam for the treatment of opioid withdrawal syndrome: A double-blind randomized clinical trial in Singapore.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adult; Clonidine; Craving; Diazepam; Double-Blind Method; Fema | 2018 |
Preliminary evidence of different and clinically meaningful opioid withdrawal phenotypes.
Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Cluster Analysis; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; | 2020 |
An open-label randomized trial of intramuscular olanzapine versus oral clonidine for symptomatic treatment of opioid withdrawal in the emergency department.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Male; Middl | 2019 |
Buprenorphine in the emergency department: Randomized clinical controlled trial of clonidine versus buprenorphine for the treatment of opioid withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Emergency Service, Hospital; Female; Humans; Male; Narcotic Antagon | 2019 |
Continuous infusion of clonidine in ventilated newborns and infants: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Age Factors; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Female; Fentanyl; Human | 2014 |
A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of dextromethorphan combined with clonidine in the treatment of heroin withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Dextromethorphan; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Heroin D | 2014 |
Clonidine Maintenance Prolongs Opioid Abstinence and Decouples Stress From Craving in Daily Life: A Randomized Controlled Trial With Ecological Momentary Assessment.
Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Craving; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination | 2015 |
Dronabinol and lofexidine for cannabis use disorder: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists; Clonidine; Craving; Double-Blind Method; Dronabino | 2016 |
A Phase 3 placebo-controlled, double-blind, multi-site trial of the alpha-2-adrenergic agonist, lofexidine, for opioid withdrawal.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Clonidine; Data Collection; Double-Blind Metho | 2008 |
Predictors of outcome for short-term medically supervised opioid withdrawal during a randomized, multicenter trial of buprenorphine-naloxone and clonidine in the NIDA clinical trials network drug and alcohol dependence.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Aged; Anxiety; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Data Interpretation, Stat | 2009 |
A comparative clinical study of the effects of the traditional Chinese medicine Jinniu capsules and lofexidine on acute heroin withdrawal symptoms.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Female; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Mal | 2008 |
Intensity of opiate withdrawal in relation to the 825C>T polymorphism of the G-protein beta 3 subunit gene.
Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Analysis of Variance; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; | 2009 |
A study on Fu-Yuan Pellet, a traditional chinese medicine formula for detoxification of heroin addictions.
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Clonidine; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Female; Heroin Depen | 2009 |
Outpatient versus inpatient opioid detoxification: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Clonidine; Female; Heroin; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Inpatients; Male; Methadon | 2011 |
The combination very low-dose naltrexone-clonidine in the management of opioid withdrawal.
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adult; Clonidine; Disease Management; Dose-Respons | 2012 |
Clonidine improved laboratory-measured decision-making performance in abstinent heroin addicts.
Topics: Adult; Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Clonidine; Decision Making; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; | 2012 |
A comparison of antagonist-precipitated withdrawal under anesthesia to standard inpatient withdrawal as a precursor to maintenance naltrexone treatment in heroin users: outcomes at 6 and 12 months.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Anesthesia, General; Clonidine; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Heroin | 2002 |
A randomized controlled trial of buprenorphine in the management of short-term ambulatory heroin withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Ambulatory Care; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Female; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Male; Narcotics | 2002 |
Opioid detoxification with buprenorphine, clonidine, or methadone in hospitalized heroin-dependent patients with HIV infection.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Dose-Response Rela | 2003 |
Evaluation of the effects of lofexidine and clonidine on naloxone-precipitated withdrawal in opioid-dependent humans.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Clonidine; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, | 2003 |
Differential modulation of remifentanil-induced analgesia and postinfusion hyperalgesia by S-ketamine and clonidine in humans.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Blood Pressure; Clo | 2003 |
Differential modulation of remifentanil-induced analgesia and postinfusion hyperalgesia by S-ketamine and clonidine in humans.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Blood Pressure; Clo | 2003 |
Differential modulation of remifentanil-induced analgesia and postinfusion hyperalgesia by S-ketamine and clonidine in humans.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Blood Pressure; Clo | 2003 |
Differential modulation of remifentanil-induced analgesia and postinfusion hyperalgesia by S-ketamine and clonidine in humans.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Blood Pressure; Clo | 2003 |
Differential modulation of remifentanil-induced analgesia and postinfusion hyperalgesia by S-ketamine and clonidine in humans.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Blood Pressure; Clo | 2003 |
Differential modulation of remifentanil-induced analgesia and postinfusion hyperalgesia by S-ketamine and clonidine in humans.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Blood Pressure; Clo | 2003 |
Differential modulation of remifentanil-induced analgesia and postinfusion hyperalgesia by S-ketamine and clonidine in humans.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Blood Pressure; Clo | 2003 |
Differential modulation of remifentanil-induced analgesia and postinfusion hyperalgesia by S-ketamine and clonidine in humans.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Blood Pressure; Clo | 2003 |
Differential modulation of remifentanil-induced analgesia and postinfusion hyperalgesia by S-ketamine and clonidine in humans.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Blood Pressure; Clo | 2003 |
Differential modulation of remifentanil-induced analgesia and postinfusion hyperalgesia by S-ketamine and clonidine in humans.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Blood Pressure; Clo | 2003 |
Differential modulation of remifentanil-induced analgesia and postinfusion hyperalgesia by S-ketamine and clonidine in humans.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Blood Pressure; Clo | 2003 |
Differential modulation of remifentanil-induced analgesia and postinfusion hyperalgesia by S-ketamine and clonidine in humans.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Blood Pressure; Clo | 2003 |
Differential modulation of remifentanil-induced analgesia and postinfusion hyperalgesia by S-ketamine and clonidine in humans.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Blood Pressure; Clo | 2003 |
Differential modulation of remifentanil-induced analgesia and postinfusion hyperalgesia by S-ketamine and clonidine in humans.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Blood Pressure; Clo | 2003 |
Differential modulation of remifentanil-induced analgesia and postinfusion hyperalgesia by S-ketamine and clonidine in humans.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Blood Pressure; Clo | 2003 |
Differential modulation of remifentanil-induced analgesia and postinfusion hyperalgesia by S-ketamine and clonidine in humans.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Blood Pressure; Clo | 2003 |
Gabapentin in the management of pentazocine dependence: a potent analgesic--anticraving agent.
Topics: Acetates; Amines; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Clonidine; Cyclohexanecarboxy | 2003 |
Intrathecal and oral clonidine as prophylaxis for postoperative alcohol withdrawal syndrome: a randomized double-blinded study.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Aged; Alcoholism; Anesthesia; Central Nervous Syste | 2004 |
[Clinical observation on effect of modified banxia houpu decoction in treating patients with protracted heroin abstinence syndrome].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Clonidine; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Female; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Male; Narcot | 2004 |
Opioid antagonist detoxification under anaesthesia versus traditional clonidine detoxification combined with an additional week of psychosocial support: a randomised clinical trial.
Topics: Adult; Algorithms; Analgesics; Anesthesia, General; Clonidine; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; | 2006 |
Anesthesia-assisted vs buprenorphine- or clonidine-assisted heroin detoxification and naltrexone induction: a randomized trial.
Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, General; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Heroin Depe | 2005 |
Comparison of pharmacological treatments for opioid-dependent adolescents: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Adolescent; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Beha | 2005 |
Well-being, psychosocial factors, and side-effects among heroin-dependent inpatients after detoxification using buprenorphine versus clonidine.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Cross-Sectional Studies | 2006 |
Changes in cough reflex sensitivity after cessation and resumption of cigarette smoking.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Administration, Oral; Adult; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Breath Tests; Caps | 2007 |
In-patient detoxification procedures, treatment retention, and post-treatment opiate use: comparison of lofexidine + naloxone, lofexidine + placebo, and methadone.
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Clonidine; Cohort Studies; Double- | 2007 |
Treatment of polydrug-using opiate dependents during withdrawal: towards a standardisation of treatment.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Buprenorphine; Carbamazepine; Clonidi | 2006 |
Effects of lofexidine on stress-induced and cue-induced opioid craving and opioid abstinence rates: preliminary findings.
Topics: Adult; Behavior, Addictive; Clonidine; Cues; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; | 2007 |
Hemodynamic and cognitive effects of lofexidine and methadone coadministration: a pilot study.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Cognition; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Bl | 2007 |
Effectiveness of low-dose naltrexone in the post-detoxification treatment of opioid dependence.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Clonidine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female | 2007 |
Effects of THC and lofexidine in a human laboratory model of marijuana withdrawal and relapse.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Affect; Appetite; Attention; Cannabinoids; Clonidine; Double-Blind | 2008 |
Tai-Kang-Ning, a Chinese herbal medicine formula, alleviates acute heroin withdrawal.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Female; Her | 2008 |
Psychiatric uses of antiadrenergic and adrenergic blocking drugs.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Amnestic Disorder; Antipsychotic Agents; Bipolar Disorder; Clinical Trials as Topic; | 1984 |
Clinical utility of clonidine in opiate withdrawal: a study of 100 patients.
Topics: Blood Pressure; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; Humans; Methadone; Naloxone; Norepinephrine; Op | 1981 |
Propoxyphene withdrawal with clonidine.
Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; Dextropropoxyphene; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Middle Age | 1983 |
Opiate withdrawal using lofexidine, a clonidine analogue with fewer side effects.
Topics: Adult; Ambulatory Care; Antihypertensive Agents; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; Humans; Male; | 1983 |
Cigarette craving, smoking withdrawal, and clonidine.
Topics: Adult; Alprazolam; Anxiety; Benzodiazepines; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; Double-Blind Metho | 1984 |
Efficacy of clonidine in treatment of alcohol withdrawal state.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Anxiety; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Male; | 1983 |
Crossover comparison of moxonidine and clonidine in mild to moderate hypertension.
Topics: Adult; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Clonidine; Creatine; Double-Blind Metho | 1984 |
Efficacy of clonidine in opiate withdrawal: a study of thirty patients.
Topics: Brain; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Narcotics; Substance Withdr | 1980 |
Clonidine and naltrexone. A safe, effective, and rapid treatment of abrupt withdrawal from methadone therapy.
Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Heart R | 1982 |
The clinical use of clonidine in abrupt withdrawal from methadone. Effects on blood pressure and specific signs and symptoms.
Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Male; Methadone; Substance Withdrawal | 1981 |
A controlled comparison of buprenorphine and clonidine for acute detoxification from opioids.
Topics: Adult; Baltimore; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; D | 1994 |
Opiate detoxification of methadone maintenance patients using lefetamine, clonidine and buprenorphine.
Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind | 1994 |
[Clonidine in the treatment of tobacco withdrawal. A comparison with nicotine chewing gum].
Topics: Adult; Chewing Gum; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Male; Nicotine; Prospective Studies; Smoking Cessatio | 1994 |
Does post-withdrawal cue exposure improve outcome in opiate addiction? A controlled trial.
Topics: Adult; Behavior Therapy; Clonidine; Cues; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hospitalization; Humans; Male; | 1993 |
A placebo-controlled study of three clonidine doses for smoking cessation.
Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Drug Admini | 1994 |
Craving and drug reward: a comparison of methadone and clonidine in detoxifying opiate addicts.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Behavior Therapy; Clonidine; Combined Modality Therapy; Dose-Response Rel | 1995 |
Prophylaxis of alcohol withdrawal syndrome in alcohol-dependent patients admitted to the intensive care unit after tumour resection.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Chlormethiazole; Clonidine; Critical Care | 1995 |
Effect of clonidine pretreatment on naloxone-precipitated opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relat | 1996 |
Clonidine prophylaxis for narcotic and sedative withdrawal syndrome following laryngotracheal reconstruction.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Benzodiazepines; Child; Child, Preschool; Clon | 1996 |
Randomised double-blind comparison of lofexidine and methadone in the in-patient treatment of opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Female; Heroin Dependence; Humans | 1996 |
Double-blind study of lofexidine and clonidine in the detoxification of opiate addicts in hospital.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; | 1997 |
A protocol to switch high-dose, methadone-maintained subjects to buprenorphine.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Cocaine; Drug Administration Schedule | 1997 |
The association carbamazepine-mianserin in opiate withdrawal: a double blind pilot study versus clonidine.
Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; Carbamazepine; Clonidine; | 1997 |
Three methods of opioid detoxification in a primary care setting. A randomized trial.
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Drug Th | 1997 |
Double-blind randomised controlled trial of lofexidine versus clonidine in the treatment of heroin withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Circadian Rhythm; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Female; H | 1997 |
Clonidine for smoking cessation.
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Chi-Square Distribution; Clon | 1998 |
Accelerated lofexidine treatment regimen compared with conventional lofexidine and methadone treatment for in-patient opiate detoxification.
Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Chi-Square Distribution; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D | 1998 |
Randomised double-blind comparison of lofexidine and clonidine in the out-patient treatment of opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Ambulatory Care; Blood Pressure; Chi-Square Distribution; Clonidin | 1998 |
Alternative strategies of opiate detoxification: evaluation of the so-called ultra-rapid detoxification.
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Anesthesia; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Male; Methadone | 1998 |
[Gamma-hydroxybutyrate for treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome in intensive care patients. A comparison between with two symptom-oriented therapeutic concepts].
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Aged; Alkalosis, Respiratory; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; | 1999 |
A pilot study of naltrexone-accelerated detoxification in opioid dependence.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Analgesics; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Clonidine; Conscious Sedation; Female; Flunitraz | 1999 |
Naltrexone shortened opioid detoxification with buprenorphine.
Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Area Under Curve; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Drug Interaction | 1999 |
Rapid opiate detoxication in outpatient treatment: relationship with naltrexone compliance.
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Baclofen; Clo | 2000 |
Combined use of trazodone-naltrexone versus clonidine-naltrexone in rapid withdrawal from methadone treatment. A comparative inpatient study.
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Clonidine; Drug Therapy, Combina | 2000 |
Naltrexone and lofexidine combination treatment compared with conventional lofexidine treatment for in-patient opiate detoxification.
Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Dr | 2000 |
Double-blind randomized controlled trial of baclofen vs. clonidine in the treatment of opiates withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Baclofen; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Narcotics; Substance Wit | 2000 |
Baclofen versus clonidine in the treatment of opiates withdrawal, side-effects aspect: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Baclofen; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Male; Muscle Relaxants, Central | 2001 |
Lofexidine versus clonidine in rapid opiate detoxification.
Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Inactivation, Metabolic; Male; | 2001 |
Passionflower in the treatment of opiates withdrawal: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Co | 2001 |
24-Hour opiate detoxification and antagonist induction at home--the 'Asturian method': a report on 1368 procedures.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aftercare; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Clonidine; Drug Implan | 2002 |
Prison based detoxification for opioid dependence: a randomised double blind controlled trial of lofexidine and methadone.
Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Chi-Square Distribution; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Male; | 2002 |
Clonidine blocks acute opiate-withdrawal symptoms.
Topics: Acute Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Drug Evaluation; Follow-Up | 1978 |
Noradrenergic hyperactivity in opiate withdrawal supported by clonidine reversal of opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Locus Coeruleus | 1979 |
Abrupt cessation of clonidine administration: a prospective study.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Epinephrine; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; | 1978 |
Clonidine in alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; Drug Evaluation; Ethanol; Humans; Male; Midd | 1975 |
Transdermal clonidine reduced some withdrawal symptoms but did not increase smoking cessation.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Adult; Anxiety; Behavior Therapy; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Female; | 1992 |
The calcium channel antagonist nifedipine causes confusion when used to treat opiate withdrawal in morphine-dependent patients.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Confusion; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Male; Methadone; Morphine Dependence; Nife | 1992 |
Hypercortisolism after opioid discontinuation in rapid detoxification of heroin addicts.
Topics: Adult; Circadian Rhythm; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Guanfacine; Heroin; Heroin Dependence; Huma | 1992 |
Efficacy of clonidine, guanfacine and methadone in the rapid detoxification of heroin addicts: a controlled clinical trial.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Clonidine; Female; Guanfacine; Guanidines; Heroin Dependence; Huma | 1990 |
[Comparative effectiveness of alpha-2 adrenergic agonists (clonidine-guanfacine) in the hospital detoxification of opiate addicts].
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Drug E | 1990 |
Transdermal clonidine versus chlordiazepoxide in alcohol withdrawal: a randomized, controlled clinical trial.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Adult; Anxiety; Chlordiazepoxide; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Ethanol | 1991 |
Comparison of acetorphan with clonidine for opiate withdrawal symptoms.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Female; Heroin; Humans; Male; Narcotics; Neprilys | 1991 |
Clonidine in morphine withdrawal. Differential effects on signs and symptoms.
Topics: Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Heroin Dependence; Hospitalization; Humans; Hydromorpho | 1985 |
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome: clinical and hormonal responses to alpha 2-adrenergic agonist treatment.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Alcoholism; Catecholamines; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; D | 1989 |
Clonidine transdermal patches for use in outpatient opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Adult; Ambulatory Care; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; Female; Hero | 1989 |
[Use of clonidine in the prevention of alcohol withdrawal syndrome].
Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; Ethanol; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Mal | 1989 |
Ineffectiveness of clonidine in the treatment of the benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome: report of three cases.
Topics: Adult; Alprazolam; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety Disorders; Benzodiazepines; Blood Pressure; Clinical | 1986 |
Another trial that failed.
Topics: Attitude of Health Personnel; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Opio | 1988 |
Therapeutic effect and complication profile of clonidine-beta-blocker combinations.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clonidine; Drug Combinations; Humans; Hyperten | 1988 |
Effect of clonidine on plasma beta-endorphin, cortisol and growth hormone secretion in opiate-addicted subjects.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; beta-Endorphin; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; Endorphins; Female; Growth H | 1985 |
Effects of transdermal clonidine treatment on withdrawal symptoms associated with smoking cessation. A randomized, controlled trial.
Topics: Acute Disease; Administration, Cutaneous; Adult; Akathisia, Drug-Induced; Analysis of Variance; Anxi | 1988 |
Effect of clonidine on cigarette cessation and in the alleviation of withdrawal symptoms.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Behavior Therapy; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; C | 1988 |
Clonidine in heroin withdrawal syndrome: a controlled study in India.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Chlordiazepoxide; Chlorpromazine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; Drug Thera | 1988 |
Clonidine versus chlordiazepoxide in acute alcohol withdrawal: a preliminary report.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Chlordiazepoxide; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; Doubl | 1988 |
Clonidine vs chlordiazepoxide in the management of acute alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Chlordiazepoxide; Clinical Trials as Topic; | 1987 |
Heavy smokers, smoking cessation, and clonidine. Results of a double-blind, randomized trial.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Clonidine; Depressive Disorder; Double-Blind Method; Female; Follow-Up Studies; H | 1988 |
Comparison of guanfacine versus clonidine for efficacy, safety and occurrence of withdrawal syndrome in step-2 treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension.
Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Drug Evaluation; Fe | 1986 |
Psychiatric indications for clonidine: the neuropharmacologic and clinical basis.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Bipolar Disorder; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Drug T | 1986 |
A controlled comparison of clonidine and doxepin in the treatment of the opiate withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Doxepin; Female; Heroin | 1986 |
Treatment of alcohol abstinence symptoms with the alpha 2-agonist clonidine.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Carbamazepine; Chlorprothixene; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonid | 1986 |
Clonidine versus chlomethiazole in alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Chlormethiazole; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Ethanol; Humans; Male; Ra | 1986 |
Clonidine treatment of the opiate withdrawal syndrome. A review of clinical trials of a theory.
Topics: Adrenergic Fibers; Animals; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Brain; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cloni | 1986 |
[Methadone, clonidine and levomepromazine in the treatment of opiate abstinence syndrome: double-blind clinical trial in heroin-addicted patients admitted to a general hospital for organic pathology].
Topics: Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Female; Heroin; Hospitalization; Hospitals, General; Humans; Male; M | 1987 |
Success and failure at outpatient opioid detoxification. Evaluating the process of clonidine- and methadone-assisted withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Ambulatory Care; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male | 1985 |
Comparison of clinician ratings to self reports of withdrawal during clonidine detoxification of opiate addicts.
Topics: Adult; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Methadone; Op | 1985 |
[Clonidine in opiate withdrawal syndrome].
Topics: Adult; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Female; Heroin Dependence; Humans; | 1985 |
Effects of clonidine on narcotic requirements and hemodynamic response during induction of fentanyl anesthesia and endotracheal intubation.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anesthesia; Clonidine; Drug Interactions; Electroencephalography; Female; Fentanyl; Hem | 1986 |
Clonidine in outpatient detoxification from methadone maintenance.
Topics: Adult; Ambulatory Care; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Male; Methadone; Middle Aged; Opioid-Related Diso | 1985 |
Blood pressure crisis following withdrawal of clonidine (Catapres, Catapresan), with special reference to arterial and urinary catecholamine levels, and suggestions for acute management.
Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Catecholamines; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle Aged; P | 1973 |
[The danger of sudden withdrawal of Catapresan].
Topics: Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Humans; Placebos; Reserpine; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1973 |
523 other studies available for clonidine and Drug Withdrawal Symptoms
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Pharmacological Management of Heroin Withdrawal Syndrome: A Century of Expert Opinions in Cecil Textbook of Medicine.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Expert Testimony; Heroin; Humans; Methadone; Narcotics | 2022 |
Effect of oxytocin pretreatment on the development of morphine tolerance and dependence in rats.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Drug Tolerance; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Oxytocin; Rats; Recepto | 2022 |
The role of Smyrnium cordifolium Boiss extract and curzerene on withdrawal syndrome in mice.
Topics: Animals; Apiaceae; Clonidine; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Locomotion; Male; Mice; Morphine | 2019 |
Differences in patient-reported and observer-rated opioid withdrawal symptom etiology, time course, and relationship to clinical outcome.
Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Buprenorphine, Naloxone Drug Combination; Clonidine; Female; Hum | 2020 |
Validation and characterization of oxycodone physical dependence in C57BL/6J mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Clonidine; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-R | 2021 |
A novel non-opioid protocol for medically supervised opioid withdrawal and transition to antagonist treatment.
Topics: Adult; Amines; Analgesics, Opioid; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Counseling; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids | 2018 |
FDA approves nonopioid medication for managing opioid withdrawal.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Analgesics, Opioid; Clonidine; Drug Approval; Humans; Narcotic | 2018 |
Lofexidine (Lucemyra) for opioid withdrawal.
Topics: Clonidine; Drug Approval; Drug Interactions; Humans; Narcotic Antagonists; Opioid-Related Disorders; | 2018 |
Effectivness of Clonidine in Treating Dexmedetomidine Withdrawal in a Patient with Co-Existing Psychiatric Illness: A Case Report.
Topics: Adult; Central Nervous System Agents; Clonidine; Depressive Disorder, Major; Dexmedetomidine; Female | 2018 |
Management of opioid withdrawal symptoms.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Humans; Methadone; Narcotic Antagoni | 2018 |
Expanded table: Some drugs for management of opioid withdrawal symptoms.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Humans; Methadone; Narcotic Antagoni | 2018 |
Attenuation of Morphine Withdrawal Syndrome by Prosopis Farcta Extract and Its Bioactive Component Luteolin in Comparison with Clonidine in Rats.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Clonidine; Luteolin; Male; Morphine; Plant Extracts; Prosopis; Rats; Subs | 2018 |
Lofexidine (Lucemyra) for Treatment of Opioid Withdrawal Symptoms.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Opioid-Re | 2019 |
Rapid transition from methadone to buprenorphine using naltrexone-induced withdrawal: A case report.
Topics: Adult; Antidiarrheals; Antiemetics; Antipruritics; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Deprescriptions; Drug S | 2019 |
Conjugate vaccine produces long-lasting attenuation of fentanyl vs. food choice and blocks expression of opioid withdrawal-induced increases in fentanyl choice in rats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Choice Behavior | 2019 |
Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and α 2 adrenergic receptors mediate heroin withdrawal-potentiated startle in rats.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; | 2013 |
How does the introduction of a pain and sedation management guideline in the paediatric intensive care impact on clinical practice? A comparison of audits pre and post guideline introduction.
Topics: Analgesics; Clonidine; Documentation; Guideline Adherence; Humans; Intensive Care Units, Pediatric; | 2013 |
[Tizanidine withdrawal symptoms in stress cardiomyopathy].
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Clonidine; Electrocardiography; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mus | 2015 |
Clonidine withdrawal induced sympathetic surge.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Intensive Care Units; Male; Respiratory Distress | 2015 |
A New Role for Clonidine in Addictions: Catching Relapses Before They Happen.
Topics: Analgesics; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Craving; Female; Humans; Male; Narcotic Antagonists; Opioid-Re | 2015 |
Intrathecal Clonidine Pump Failure Causing Acute Withdrawal Syndrome With 'Stress-Induced' Cardiomyopathy.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Back Pain; Chronic Pain; Clonidine; Electrocardiography; Equip | 2016 |
Activation of serotonin 5-HT(2C) receptor suppresses behavioral sensitization and naloxone-precipitated withdrawal symptoms in heroin-treated mice.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Benzazepines; Central Nervous Syste | 2015 |
Spontaneous withdrawal in intermittent morphine administration in rats and mice: effect of clonidine coadministration and sex-related differences.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administr | 2015 |
Comparative Evaluation of Partial α2 -Adrenoceptor Agonist and Pure α2 -Adrenoceptor Antagonist on the Behavioural Symptoms of Withdrawal after Chronic Alcohol Administration in Mice.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Alcoholism; Animals; Anxiety; Be | 2016 |
Misanalysis of Urinalysis: A Teachable Moment.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cefpodoxime; Ceftizoxime; Clonidine; Diagnostic Errors; E | 2016 |
Clonidine: new use of an old medication to reduce stress-related substance use.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2016 |
Psychometric evaluation of the 10-item Short Opiate Withdrawal Scale-Gossop (SOWS-Gossop) in patients undergoing opioid detoxification.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Factor Analysis, Statistical; Female; Humans; Male; Narcotic Antagonists; Opioid-R | 2016 |
Standardised detoxification in cases of polydrug use.
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adult; Aged; Anticonvulsants; Clonidine; Cohort St | 2016 |
Mechanisms of withdrawal-associated increases in heroin self-administration: pharmacologic modulation of heroin vs food choice in heroin-dependent rhesus monkeys.
Topics: Adrenergic Agents; Adrenergic Agonists; Amphetamine; Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Choice Behavior; | 2009 |
Respiratory, metabolic and hemodynamic effects of clonidine in ventilated patients presenting with withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Calorimetry, Indirect; Carbon Dioxide; Clonidine; Electrocardiogra | 2009 |
Dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in opioid dependent subjects: effects of acute and protracted abstinence.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Benzodiazepines; Clonidine; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Fem | 2008 |
The inhibitory effect of Hypericum perforatum extract on morphine withdrawal syndrome in rat and comparison with clonidine.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Clonidine; Hypericum; Male; Morphine Dependence; Phytotherapy; Plant Extr | 2009 |
["Liquid ecstasy": gamma-butyrolactone withdrawal delirium with rhabdomyolysis and dialysis dependent renal failure].
Topics: 4-Butyrolactone; Acute Kidney Injury; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Benzodiazepines; Clonidine; GABA Mo | 2009 |
Effect of Crocus sativus L. (saffron) stigma and its constituents, crocin and safranal, on morphine withdrawal syndrome in mice.
Topics: Animals; Carotenoids; Clonidine; Crocus; Cyclohexenes; Male; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Mo | 2010 |
Precipitated and conditioned withdrawal in morphine-treated rats.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Clonidine; Conditioning, Classical; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Nalox | 2010 |
[Withdrawal in a patient with an implantable drug delivery system in spite of continuation of opiate therapy].
Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Clonidine; Drug Combinations; Drug Synergism; Humans; Infusion Pumps, Imp | 2010 |
Rimonabant-induced Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol withdrawal in rhesus monkeys: discriminative stimulus effects and other withdrawal signs.
Topics: Adrenergic Agonists; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Benzoxazines; Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists; Cannabi | 2010 |
Agmatine, an endogenous imidazoline receptor ligand modulates ethanol anxiolysis and withdrawal anxiety in rats.
Topics: Agmatine; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Arginine; Biguanides; Brain; Clonidine; Dose-Respon | 2010 |
Effects of prazosin, clonidine, and propranolol on the elevations in brain reward thresholds and somatic signs associated with nicotine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Antag | 2010 |
Tizanidine for alcohol withdrawal treatment.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Parasympatholytics; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2011 |
Withdrawal treatment with clonidine after prolonged use of chloral hydrate in a pediatric intensive care patient.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics, Opioid; Chloral Hydrate; Clonidine; Fentanyl; Humans; Hypnoti | 2011 |
Blockade of CRF1 receptors in the central nucleus of the amygdala attenuates the dysphoria associated with nicotine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; Amygdala; Animals; | 2012 |
Opioid dependence.
Topics: Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Inactivation, Metabolic; Methadone; Nalox | 2012 |
Two cases of acute dexmedetomidine withdrawal syndrome following prolonged infusion in the intensive care unit: Report of cases and review of the literature.
Topics: Clonidine; Dexmedetomidine; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Infusions, Intravenous; Intensi | 2013 |
Noradrenaline release in rat locus coeruleus is regulated by both opioid and alpha(2) -adrenoceptors.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; Adrenergic alpha-Agon | 2002 |
Continuous intraventricular clonidine infusion in controlled morphine withdrawal--case report.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Clonidine; Facial Pain; Humans; Infusion Pumps, Implantable; Injecti | 2002 |
Topiramate in opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Clonidine; Female; Fructose; Heroin Dependence; H | 2002 |
Influence of prazosin and clonidine on morphine analgesia, tolerance and withdrawal in mice.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Anim | 2003 |
Prolonged activation of mesolimbic dopaminergic neurons by morphine withdrawal following clonidine: participation of imidazoline and norepinephrine receptors.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Dopamine; Imidazoline Receptors; Limbic System; Morphine Dependence; Neurons; Ra | 2003 |
The effect of clonidine on gastrointestinal side effects associated with ultra-rapid opioid detoxification.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Clonidine; Diarrhea; Female; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Humans; Hy | 2003 |
Major disruptions of sleep during treatment of the opiate withdrawal syndrome: differences between methadone and lofexidine detoxification treatments.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Methadone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Sleep Wake Disorders; Substance Withd | 2003 |
Two cases of severe gamma-hydroxybutyrate withdrawal delirium on a psychiatric unit: recommendations for management.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Antihypertensive Agents; Clonazepam; Clonidine; Delirium; Hospitalization; H | 2003 |
Opiate withdrawal induces Narp in the extended amygdala.
Topics: Amygdala; Analgesics; Animals; C-Reactive Protein; Cell Count; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship | 2003 |
Management of drug and alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Alcoholism; Benzodiazepines; Clonidine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; | 2003 |
Impact of an alcohol withdrawal syndrome practice guideline on surgical patient outcomes.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alcohol-Related Disorders; Clonidine; Ethanol; Female; Haloperidol; Humans; | 2003 |
Elevated startle during withdrawal from acute morphine: a model of opiate withdrawal and anxiety.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Acute Disease; Animals; Chlordiazepoxide; Clonidine; Disease Models, Animal; I | 2004 |
Convincing effects of clonidine on neurohumoral withdrawal symptoms during antagonist-supported detoxification of opioid addicts.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Clonidine; Humans; Narcotic Antagonists; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substa | 2003 |
Acute myocardial infarction as a complication of clonidine withdrawal.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Clonidine; Electrocardiography; Female; Humans; | 2003 |
[Detoxification in withdrawal state in methadone maintenance patients].
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Clonidine; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Heroin Dependence; Hu | 2003 |
The emperor' s new clothes.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Buprenorphine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; Heroin Dependence; Humans; M | 2003 |
The use of tramadol for acute heroin withdrawal: a comparison to clonidine.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; Female; Heroin Depend | 2003 |
Unexpected delirium during Rapid Opioid Detoxification (ROD).
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Clonidine; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders | 2004 |
Evidence for alterations in alpha2-adrenergic receptor sensitivity in rats exposed to repeated cocaine administration.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Brain; Clonidine; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Corticoste | 2004 |
High-dose tizanidine abuse.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Muscle Relaxants, Central; Spasm; Subst | 2003 |
Correlation between withdrawal symptoms and medication pump residual volume in patients with implantable SynchroMed pumps.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesics, Opioid; Baclofen; Bupivacaine; Clon | 2004 |
Monoaminergic drugs and directly observable signs of LAAM withdrawal in rhesus monkeys.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Amphetamine; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Antidepressive Agents, Tricycli | 2005 |
Management of opiate detoxification in jails.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Clonidine; Health Care Surveys; Humans; Methadone; Narcoti | 2005 |
[Methadone and sleep apnea syndrome].
Topics: Adult; Brain; Clonidine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administr | 2005 |
Methods of detoxification and their role in treating patients with opioid dependence.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Female; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Male; Naltrexone; | 2005 |
A pharmacological modulation of opiate withdrawal using an up-/down-regulation of the noradrenergic system in opiate-dependent rats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, An | 2006 |
Topiramate in opiate withdrawal- comparison with clonidine and with carbamazepine/mianserin.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; Carbama | 2004 |
Role of imidazoline receptors in the anti-aversive properties of clonidine during opiate withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Clonidine; Conditioning, O | 2005 |
Case report: clonidine withdrawal after atypically high-dose maintenance treatment.
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Clonidine; Hum | 2005 |
Heroin detoxification.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Heroin Dependence; Humans; | 2006 |
Heroin detoxification.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Heroin Dependence; Humans; | 2006 |
Detoxification and treating opioid dependence.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Humans; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Opioid-Rela | 2006 |
Detoxification and treating opioid dependence.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Naltrexone; Narcot | 2006 |
Compliance of an institution-specific alcohol withdrawal protocol with evidence-based practice guidelines.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Clonidine; Ethanol; Evi | 2006 |
Combined buprenorphine and chlonidine for short-term opiate detoxification: patient perspectives.
Topics: Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Drug Combinations; Female; Humans; Inactivation, Metabolic; Male; Narcotic | 2006 |
Less is more: inpatient management of a child with complex pharmacotherapy.
Topics: Aggression; Amphetamines; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Child; Clonidine; Depressio | 2006 |
Buprenorphine for acute heroin detoxification: diffusion of research into practice.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Diffusion of Innovation; Female; Heroin; Heroin Depe | 2007 |
Client and counselor attitudes toward the use of medications for treatment of opioid dependence.
Topics: Adult; Ambulatory Care; Attitude of Health Personnel; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Counseling; Culture; | 2007 |
Clonidine attenuates morphine withdrawal and subsequent drug sensitization in rhesus monkeys.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Clonidine; Cocaine; Macaca mulatta; Male; Morp | 2007 |
Using buprenorphine short-term taper to facilitate early treatment engagement.
Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Analysis of Variance; Buprenorphine; Clonidine; Drug Administ | 2007 |
Diphenoxylate hydrochloride dependency.
Topics: Adult; Antidiarrheals; Clonidine; Diphenoxylate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Com | 2007 |
Intravenous clonidine infusion in infants after cardiovascular surgery.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Clonidine; Female; Fent | 2008 |
Colonic secretion mediated by prostaglandin E2 and 5-hydroxytryptamine may contribute to diarrhea due to morphine withdrawal in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Clonidine; Colon; Cyclic AMP; Diarrhea; Dinoprostone; Female; Humans; Indomethaci | 1984 |
Effect of salbutamol and the PDE-inhibitor RA 642 on the clonidine withdrawal syndrome in rats.
Topics: Albuterol; Animals; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Heart Rate; Humans; Male; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor | 1984 |
Clonidine hydrochloride detoxification from methadone treatment--the value of naltrexone aftercare.
Topics: Adult; Aftercare; Attitude to Health; Clonidine; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Methadone; | 1984 |
[Withdrawal syndrome during epidural administration of morphine after stopping treatment with clonidine].
Topics: Aged; Autonomic Nervous System Diseases; Clonidine; Drug Interactions; Epidural Space; Humans; Hyper | 1984 |
Presynaptic alpha 2-adrenoceptor subsensitivity in the morphine-withdrawn mouse vas deferens.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Histamine; Humans; In Vi | 1984 |
A psychobiologic perspective in treating psychiatric disorders.
Topics: Anxiety Disorders; Clonidine; Humans; Lithium; Mental Disorders; Mood Disorders; Psychotic Disorders | 1984 |
Cardiovascular withdrawal effects of clonidine and tiamenidine on abrupt cessation of oral treatment in conscious cats.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Cats; Clonidine; Consciousne | 1980 |
Clonidine for outpatient opiate detoxification.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Opioid-Related Disorders; Outpatients; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1980 |
Rapid opiate detoxification with clonidine and naloxone.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Methods; Naloxone; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1980 |
Characterization of the clonidine withdrawal syndrome in the normotensive rat.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Animals; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Heart | 1980 |
Treatment of opiate-withdrawal symptoms.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Clonidine; Endorphins; Humans; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substance With | 1980 |
Adverse effects of sudden withdrawal of antihypertensive medication.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Drug Therapy, Combi | 1980 |
Clonidine for opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Opioid-Related Disorders; Receptors, Opioid; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1980 |
Clonidine and opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Methadone; Naltrexone; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1980 |
Outpatient clonidine detoxification.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Methadone; Outpatients; Patients; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Relate | 1981 |
Lofexidine, a clonidine analogue effective in opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1981 |
Comparison of two alpha-noradrenergic agonists (clonidine and guanfacine) on norepinephrine turnover in the cortex of rats during morphine abstinence.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gu | 1981 |
Clonidine for opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Humans; Male; Morphine Dependence; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1981 |
alpha 2-adrenoceptors modulating diarrhoea in morphine-dependent rats.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Diarrhea; Humans; Male; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Rats; Receptors, Adrenerg | 1981 |
Withdrawal syndrome after continuous infusion of clonidine in the normotensive rat.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Heart Rate; Humans; Male; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Str | 1981 |
Abrupt discontinuation of antihypertensive therapy.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Bethanidine; Clonidine; Drug Therapy, Combinat | 1981 |
On the etiopathogenesis of migraine: a possible link between the amines and endorphin hypotheses.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Dopamine; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Histamine; Huma | 1982 |
Psychosis associated with clonidine withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Bipolar Disorder; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Hypertension, Malignant; M | 1982 |
Clonidine suppression of the alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Clonidine; Diethylcarbamazine; Ethanol; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Subs | 1981 |
How clonidine works in easing opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Clonidine; Humans; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substance Withdrawal Syndrom | 1982 |
Withdrawal syndromes and the cessation of antihypertensive therapy.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Clonidine; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1982 |
A historical and biological overview: brain transmitters, receptors single cells, and a new treatment for opiate addiction.
Topics: Brain; Clonidine; Epinephrine; Humans; Locus Coeruleus; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepineph | 1982 |
Abrupt and gradual change from clonidine to beta blockers in hypertension.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Atenolol; Clonidine; Drug Interactions; Female; Humans; Hypertension; M | 1982 |
Simultaneous treatment of hypertension and opiate withdrawal using an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Clonidine; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syndro | 1983 |
Dipropylacetate-induced quasi-morphine abstinence behaviour in the rat: suppression by alpha 2-adrenoceptor stimulation.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Clonidine; Humans; Male; Morphine; | 1983 |
Evidence that drugs increasing 5-hydroxytryptamine transmission block jumping but not wet dog shakes in morphine-abstinent rats: a comparison with clonidine.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Fenfluramine; Humans; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Piperazines; Rats; Rats, I | 1984 |
Influences on morphine action in the myenteric plexus from guinea pig of alpha 2 receptor stimulation.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Clonidine; Drug Synergism; Female; Guanfacine; Guanidines; Guine | 1983 |
Narcotic bowel syndrome treated with clonidine. Resolution of abdominal pain and intestinal pseudo-obstruction.
Topics: Abdomen; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Intestinal Obstruction; Intestinal Ps | 1984 |
A comparison of the inhibitory effects of clonidine and guanfacine on the behavioral and autonomic components of morphine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Autonomic Nervous System; Behavior, Animal; Blood Pressure; Clon | 1984 |
Clonidine suppresses methylxanthine induced quasi-morphine withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Clonidine; Humans; Male; Morphine Dependence | 1982 |
beta-adrenergic supersensitivity in rat brainstem during clonidine withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Brain Stem; Clonidine; Cyclic AMP; Dihydroalprenolol; Humans; Isoproterenol; Male; Proprano | 1980 |
Morphine suppresses the blood pressure responses to clonidine withdrawal in the spontaneously hypertensive rat.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Heart Rate; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Morphine; Rats; Receptor | 1981 |
Use of labetalol in hypertensive patients during discontinuation of clonidine therapy.
Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Catecholamines; Clonidine; Cyclic AMP; Ethanolamines; Female; Humans; Hyperte | 1981 |
Clonidine for opiate withdrawal in the chronic pain patient.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Opioid-Related Disorders; Pain, Intractable; Receptors, Opioid; Substance Withdra | 1982 |
Clonidine and the primate locus coeruleus: evidence suggesting anxiolytic and anti-withdrawal effects.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Clonidine; Electric Stimulation; Emotions; Fear; Haplorhini; Humans; Locus Coerule | 1981 |
Antinociceptive mechanism and acute and chronic behavioral effects of clonidine.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Macaca mulatta; Male; Morphine; Morphine Depen | 1981 |
Neuroanatomical sites of action of clonidine in opiate withdrawal: the locus coeruleus connection.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Dopamine; Endorphins; Humans; Locus Coeruleus; Naloxone; Norepinephrine; Opioid- | 1981 |
Clonidine withdrawal: activation of brain noradrenergic neurons with specifically reduced alpha 2-receptor sensitivity.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Clonidine; Electrophysiology; Humans; Iontophoresis; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Morphine | 1982 |
Spinal sympathetic neurons: possible sites of opiate-withdrawal suppression by clonidine.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Clonidine; Evoked Potentials; Humans; Narcotics; Receptors, Drug; Reflex; Spinal Cord | 1982 |
The primate locus coeruleus and effects of clonidine on opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Clonidine; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalins; Fear; Humans; Locus Coerule | 1982 |
[Effects of clonidine on opiate withdrawal symptoms. Results - biochemical mechanisms (author's transl)].
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Male; Norepinephrine; Opioid-Related Disorders; Receptors, Adrener | 1982 |
Opioid dependence and cross-dependence in the isolated guinea-pig ileum.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Drug Tolerance; Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Ileum; In Vitro Techn | 1982 |
Central alpha-adrenergic control of blood pressure. Effects of clonidine withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Electric Stimulation; Heart Rate; Humans; Hypertension; Hypothal | 1983 |
Changes in the sensitivity of the central alpha- and beta-adrenergic systems during desmethylimipramine treatment as assessed by plasma growth hormone response in the baboon.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Clonidine; Desipramine; Female; Growth Hormone; Humans; Male; Papio; Propanolamines; | 1983 |
Heroin addicts have increased platelet alpha 2-adrenoceptor densities which correlate with the severity of the abstinence syndrome.
Topics: Blood Platelets; Clonidine; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; Substance Withd | 1984 |
Neurochemical changes during discontinuation of lithium prophylaxis. I. Increases in clonidine-induced hypotension.
Topics: Adult; Bipolar Disorder; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans | 1984 |
Recent advances in opiate detoxification: clonidine and lofexidine.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Methadone; Naltrexone; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1983 |
Bioassay of subjective effects associated with benzodiazepine withdrawal in animals: a novel direction in dependence research.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepinones; Biological Assay; Clonidine; Conditioning, Operant; Diazepam; Discrimina | 1984 |
Self-administration of clonidine and oxazepam by methadone detoxification patients.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Humans; Male; Methadone; Opioid-Related Disorders; Oxazepam; Psychomotor Performan | 1984 |
Catecholamine metabolism during clonidine withdrawal.
Topics: Aged; Catecholamines; Clonidine; Epinephrine; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Male; Memory; Methoxyhydro | 1984 |
Intravenous clonidine in acute myocardial infarction in men.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Angina Pectoris; Clonidine; Creatine Kinase; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroc | 1984 |
The use of clonidine in meprobamate withdrawal.
Topics: Clonidine; Female; Humans; Meprobamate; Middle Aged; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1984 |
[Clonidine-diuretic combination in patients with essential hypertension. Modification of sympathetic activity and blood pressure as well as the reaction following sudden withdrawal].
Topics: Blood Pressure; Chlorthalidone; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Epin | 1984 |
Withdrawal phenomena in subjects with essential hypertension on clonidine or tiamenidine.
Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Epinephrine; Humans; Hydrochlorothiazide; Hypertension; Male; Midd | 1984 |
Dorsal noradrenergic bundle lesions fail to alter opiate withdrawal or suppression of opiate withdrawal by clonidine.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Clonidine; Dopamine; Humans; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Morphine Dependence; N | 1984 |
Development of an animal model for the study of antihypertensive agents.
Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Disease Models, Animal; Heart Rate; Hum | 1984 |
Opiate withdrawal with clonidine.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Methadone; Nursing Assessment; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substance Withdrawal Syn | 1983 |
[Considerations in assisting drug addicts in a psychiatric department].
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Psychiatric Department, Hospital; Socioeconomic Factors; Substance Withdrawal Syn | 1984 |
Mixed substance abuse withdrawal treated by clonidine.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Codeine; Glutethimide; Humans; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1983 |
Mania after surreptitious discontinuation of clonidine.
Topics: Bipolar Disorder; Clonidine; Humans; Patient Compliance; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tourette Syn | 1984 |
Clonidine treatment of neonatal narcotic abstinence syndrome.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Methadon | 1984 |
[Pharmacology of clonidine and its clinical application].
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Brain; Clonidine; Humans; Hypertension; Migraine Disorders; Opioid-Related | 1983 |
Cardiac arrhythmias after abrupt clonidine withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Electrocardiography; Heart Rate; Humans; Mal | 1983 |
[Interruption of Catapresan therapy as a cause of severe crisis in a patient].
Topics: Anxiety; Clonidine; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Motor Activity; Psychoses, Substance-Induced; Substan | 1983 |
[Clonidine for the treatment of heroin withdrawal syndrome].
Topics: 2-Hydroxyphenethylamine; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Doxepin; Drug Administration S | 1983 |
Four cases of clonidine abuse.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Male; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Sub | 1983 |
[Intrahospital treatment of acute opiate withdrawal syndrome using the non-opiate agent clonidine].
Topics: Clonidine; Heroin; Humans; Narcotics; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1983 |
Overall evaluation of treatment modalities for heroin addiction in a toxicology unit.
Topics: Clonidine; Heroin Dependence; Hospital Units; Humans; Methadone; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Outc | 1983 |
Cardiovascular changes during morphine withdrawal in the rat: effects of clonidine.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Humans; Male; Morphi | 1983 |
Morphine withdrawal produces differential effects on the rate of lever-pressing for brain self-stimulation in the hypothalamus and midbrain in rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Clonidine; Humans; Hypothalamus; Male; Mesencephalon; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats | 1983 |
Yohimbine exacerbates and clonidine attenuates acute morphine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Clonidine; Drug Interactions; Humans; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rat | 1983 |
Clonidine enhancement of ethanol withdrawal in mice.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Drug Interactions; Ethanol; Humans; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Pyrazoles; Seizu | 1983 |
Clonidine and methyldopa--any role for hypertension now?
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Hypertension; Methyldopa; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1984 |
Treatment of opium withdrawal using clonidine.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Opium; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1984 |
Studies on clonidine and guanfacine withdrawal after short term treatment in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Guanfacine; Guanidines; Heart Rate; Hum | 1982 |
Clonidine hydrochloride detoxification from methadone treatments: the value of naltrexone aftercare.
Topics: Adolescent; Clonidine; Humans; Inactivation, Metabolic; Methadone; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Opium; Subs | 1981 |
Intravenous clonidine self-administration by rhesus monkeys.
Topics: Animals; Blepharoptosis; Clonidine; Cocaine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Macaca mulatt | 1981 |
Dopamine and serum prolactin in methadone withdrawal.
Topics: Clonidine; Dopamine; Humans; Methadone; Prolactin; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 1981 |
Clinical utility of clonidine in opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Humans; Inactivation, Metabolic; Naloxone; Opium; S | 1981 |
Chronic L-DOPA treatment of mice: a behavioural and biochemical study.
Topics: Animals; Apomorphine; Benserazide; Body Temperature Regulation; Brain; Clonidine; Dihydroxyphenylala | 1981 |
ABC of blood pressure reduction.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Hypertension; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1981 |
Evidence of a preferential role of brain serotonin in the mechanisms leading to naloxone-precipitated compulsive jumping in morphine-dependent rats.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Clonidine; Humans; Male; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Piperoxan; | 1981 |
[Clonidine in opiate withdrawal. I. Principles of application (author's transl)].
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Methadone; Narcotics; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1982 |
[Clonidine in opiate withdrawal. II. Potential side-effects].
Topics: Aggression; Anxiety; Clonidine; Depression; Humans; Narcotics; Opioid-Related Disorders; Psychoses, | 1982 |
[Clonidine in opiate withdrawal. III. Pros and cons of administration].
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Narcotics; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Rel | 1982 |
Clonidine suppression of noradrenergic hyperactivity during morphine withdrawal by clonidine: biochemical studies in rodents and primates.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Haplorhini; Humans; Methoxyhydroxypheny | 1982 |
Lofexidine blocks acute opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Clonidine; Humans; Methadone; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substance Withdrawa | 1982 |
Progress report of the NIDA Addiction Research Center.
Topics: Analgesics; Buprenorphine; Chlordiazepoxide; Clonidine; Diazepam; Humans; Morphine; National Institu | 1982 |
Reinforcing properties of clonidine in rhesus monkeys.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Clonidine; Cocaine; Conditioning, Operant; Feeding Behavior; Humans; Maca | 1982 |
Abrupt cessation of treatment with centrally acting antihypertensive agents. A review.
Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Humans; Hypertension; Methyldopa; Renin-Angioten | 1983 |
Rebound hypertension after low-dose clonidine withdrawal.
Topics: Clonidine; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Middle Aged; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1983 |
Clonidine in opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Methadone; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1983 |
[Withdrawal syndrome in the treatment of arterial hypertension with clofelin].
Topics: Adult; Aged; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Clonidine; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle Aged; Substanc | 1983 |
Clonidine withdrawal complicated by amitriptyline therapy.
Topics: Aged; Amitriptyline; Anxiety; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Intraoperative Care; Methyldo | 1983 |
Treatment of heroin addiction.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1983 |
[Current aspects of the use of clonidine].
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1983 |
Effects of clonidine infusion and withdrawal on blood pressure and behaviour in the rat. A preliminary study.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Humans; Male; Motor Activity; Phentolamine; Ra | 1982 |
"Clonidine in ... withdrawal ...".
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Hypertension; Narcotics; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1981 |
The use of clonidine in detoxification from opiates.
Topics: Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Methadone; Narcotics; Placebos; Substance Withdrawal Syndrom | 1980 |
Clonidine suppresses the opioid abstinence syndrome without clonidine-withdrawal symptoms: a blind inpatient study.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Methadone; Opioid-Related Disorders; Su | 1980 |
Serum prolactin and opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Clonidine; Dopamine; Humans; Male; Opioid-Related Disorders; Prolactin; Substance Withdrawal Syndrom | 1980 |
Accelerated acute clonidine withdrawal syndrome during coronary artery bypass surgery. A case report.
Topics: Acute Disease; Clonidine; Coronary Artery Bypass; Humans; Hypertension; Hypotension; Intraoperative | 1981 |
Clinical experience with guanfacine in long-term treatment of hypertension. Part II: adverse reactions to guanfacine.
Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Body Weight; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administrati | 1980 |
Guanfacine and clonidine: antihypertensive and withdrawal characteristics after continuous infusion and its interruption in the spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive rat.
Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Catheters, Indwelling; Clonidine; Guanfacine; Guan | 1982 |
Clonidine: inpatient studies from 1978 to 1981.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endorphins; Humans; Locus Coeruleus; Neural In | 1982 |
Outpatient opiate detoxification with clonidine.
Topics: Ambulatory Care; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Heroin Dependence; Human | 1982 |
Clonidine: basic and clinical perspectives.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Humans; Locus Coeruleus; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; Norepinephrine; Opioid-Rela | 1982 |
Intravenous labetalol in the treatment of severe hypertension.
Topics: Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Catecholamines; Clonidine; Ethanolamines; Humans; Hypertension; Infusions, | 1982 |
The use of clonidine for management of opiate abstinence in a chronic pain patient.
Topics: Adult; Chronic Disease; Clonidine; Humans; Levorphanol; Male; Opioid-Related Disorders; Pain; Substa | 1982 |
Clonidine therapy for narcotic withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Male; Narcotics; Substance Withd | 1982 |
Response of plasma catecholamines and blood pressure to clonidine and to sudden withdrawal of the drug in subjects with essential hypertension.
Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Catecholamines; Clonidine; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Hypertension; Male; No | 1982 |
[Clonidine as a drug in the treatment of heroin addicts].
Topics: Clonidine; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Narcotic Antagonists; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1982 |
Lofexidine in abrupt methadone withdrawal.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Male; Methadone; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1982 |
Clonidine reverses the increased norepinephrine turnover during morphine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Male; Methyltyrosines; Morphine | 1980 |
Effectiveness of lofexidine in blocking morphine-withdrawal signs in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Clonidine; Diarrhea; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Male; Morp | 1980 |
Reduction in the number of serotonin receptors in the brainstem of morphine dependent rats: relation to blockade of naloxone precipitated jumping by serotonin agonists.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain Stem; Clonidine; Haloperidol; Humans; Male; Morphine Dependence; Na | 1980 |
Discontinuation syndrome after continuous infusion of clonidine in the spontaneously hypertensive rat.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Heart Rate; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Norepinephrine; Rats; Su | 1981 |
Suppression of morphine withdrawal diarrhea by clonidine.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Diarrhea; Digestive System; Female; Humans; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Neost | 1981 |
The withdrawal of centrally acting antihypertensives in dogs.
Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Dogs; Heart Rate; Humans; Imidazoles; M | 1981 |
Clonidine therapy and meperidine withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Meperidine; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1981 |
Clonidine for narcotic withdrawal.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Methadone; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1981 |
Clonidine in neonatal narcotic-abstinence syndrome.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substance W | 1981 |
[Clonidine (Catapressan) prescription for substance abusers].
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 1981 |
The Fourth Lilly Prize Lecture, University of Aberdeen, September 1980. The clinical pharmacology of clonidine and related central antihypertensive agents.
Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Half-Life; Hum | 1981 |
Hyperadrenergic hypomania consequent to the abrupt cessation of clonidine.
Topics: Affective Disorders, Psychotic; Aged; Autonomic Nervous System Diseases; Bipolar Disorder; Clonidine | 1981 |
Clonidine decreases opiate withdrawal-related anxiety: possible opiate noradrenergic interaction in anxiety and panic.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Fear; Humans; Male; Norepinephrine; Opioid-Related D | 1980 |
Clonidine and naloxone-induced opiate withdrawal: a comparison between clonidine and morphine in man.
Topics: Clonidine; Female; Humans; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Substance Withdrawal Syndr | 1980 |
Clonidine in opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1981 |
The clinical use of clonidine in outpatient detoxification from opiates.
Topics: Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Methadone; Naltrexone; Opioi | 1981 |
Opiate detoxification with lofexidine.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Methadone; Norepinephrine; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 1981 |
Opiate withdrawal using clonidine. A safe, effective, and rapid nonopiate treatment.
Topics: Brain; Chronic Disease; Clonidine; Diastole; Drug Evaluation; Humans; Male; Opioid-Related Disorders | 1980 |
Effect of methadone dosage on clonidine detoxification efficacy.
Topics: Clonidine; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Male; Methadone; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substance Withdra | 1980 |
Preliminary trial of the noradrenergic agonist clonidine in psychiatric patients.
Topics: Adult; Bipolar Disorder; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Depression; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Do | 1980 |
Clonidine in acute opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1980 |
Rebound hypertension during anaesthesia.
Topics: Aged; Anesthesia, General; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Injections, Intravenous; Substan | 1980 |
Iatrogenic opiate addiction: successful detoxification with clonidine.
Topics: Clonidine; Codeine; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Opioid-Related Disorders; Oxycodone; Pain, Intracta | 1980 |
Clonidine for opiate detoxification: outpatient clinical trials.
Topics: Ambulatory Care; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Methadone; | 1980 |
Management of alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Alcoholism; Clonidine; Humans; Medicine; Specialization; Substance Withdr | 1995 |
Management of alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Alcoholism; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Clonidine; Diazepam; Humans; Midazolam; | 1995 |
Role of L-type calcium channels on yohimbine-precipitated clonidine withdrawal in vivo and in vitro.
Topics: 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl e | 1993 |
Effects of morphine and morphine withdrawal on adrenergic neurons of the rat rostral ventrolateral medulla.
Topics: Adrenergic Agents; Animals; Autonomic Nervous System; Clonidine; Injections, Intravenous; Iontophore | 1995 |
Thioridazine withdrawal-induced behavioral deterioration treated with clonidine: two case reports.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Anxiety Disorders; Bipolar Disorder; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationshi | 1995 |
Lofexidine based regimen for opiate addicts.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Opioid-Related Disorders; Pilot Projects; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1995 |
NMDA antagonists and clonidine block c-fos expression during morphine withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Dizocilpine Maleate; Gene Expression; Genes, fos; In Vitro Techniques; Isoquinol | 1995 |
Effect of nimodipine, diltiazem and BAY K 8644 on the behavioural and neurochemical changes associated with naloxone-precipitated withdrawal in the rat. A comparison with clonidine.
Topics: 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl e | 1993 |
Withdrawal from anabolic steroids.
Topics: Anabolic Agents; Analgesics; Antidepressive Agents; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Clonidine; Counseling; G | 1994 |
The combination of tizanidine markedly improves the treatment with dextromethorphan of heroin addicted outpatients.
Topics: Adult; Ambulatory Care Facilities; Clonidine; Dextromethorphan; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; H | 1995 |
Spontaneous withdrawal from long-term treatment with morphine accelerates the turnover of alpha 2-adrenoceptors in the rat brain: up-regulation of receptors associated with increased receptor appearance.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Clonidine; Male; Morphine; Quinolines; Rats; | 1995 |
Reduce sympathetic hyperreactivity.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Benzodiazepines; Clonidine; Conscious Sedation; Humans; Substance Wit | 1994 |
The role of excitatory amino acids in the expression of precipitated acute and chronic clonidine withdrawal: an in vivo voltammetric study in the rat locus coeruleus.
Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Catechols; Chronic Disease; Clonidine; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino A | 1994 |
Relationship between hypotensive effects and plasma concentrations of clonidine in spontaneously hypertensive rats: continuous treatment and sudden termination of clonidine infusion.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hypotension; | 1994 |
A case of narcotic bowel syndrome successfully treated with clonidine.
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Chronic Disease; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Substance Wit | 1994 |
Effects of intracerebroventricular clonidine on the hypothalamic noradrenaline and plasma corticosterone levels of opiate naive rats and after naloxone-induced withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Corticosterone; Hypothalamus; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Morphine Depen | 1994 |
Effect of clonidine on liver oxygen extraction during alcohol withdrawal in man.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Ethanol; Humans; Liver; Liver Circulation; Middle Aged; Norepinephrine; Oxygen; Su | 1994 |
Clonidine attenuates conditioned aversion produced by naloxone-precipitated opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Morphine; Morphine D | 1994 |
The pharmacokinetics of clonidine in high dosage.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Delayed-Action Preparations; Ethanol; Female; Half-Life; Humans; Infusions, Intrav | 1993 |
Pheochromocytoma-like catecholamine levels induced by clonidine cessation.
Topics: Catecholamines; Clonidine; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle Aged; Pheochromocytoma; Substance With | 1993 |
Concomitant abuse of clonidine and heroin.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Female; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Relate | 1993 |
Withdrawal contractures of guinea-pig isolated ileum after acute activation of kappa-opioid receptors.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics | 1993 |
Alcohol withdrawal: a nationwide survey of inpatient treatment practices.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Alcoholism; Barbiturates; Benzodiazepines; Chlordiazepoxide; Clonidine; | 1995 |
Effects of valproate and lorazepam on experimental anxiety: tolerance, withdrawal, and role of clonidine.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Avoidance Learning; Clonidine; Dru | 1995 |
Rebound hypertension and withdrawal associated with discontinuation of an infusion of epidural clonidine.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Clonidine; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle Aged; Pain, | 1996 |
Hyperadrenergic state following acute withdrawal from clonidine used at supratherapeutic doses.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Antihypertensive Agents; Clonidine; Humans; Male; Substance Withdr | 1996 |
Clonidine antagonizes the aversive effects of opiate withdrawal and the rewarding effects of morphine only in opiate withdrawn rats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Arousal; Association Learning; Avoidance Learning; Clonidine; Co | 1996 |
Spinal amino acid release and precipitated withdrawal in rats chronically infused with spinal morphine.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Clonidine; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Injections, Spinal; Ma | 1996 |
Drug withdrawal and rebound hypertension: differential action of the central antihypertensive drugs moxonidine and clonidine.
Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Heart Rate; Hypertension; Imidazoles; R | 1996 |
[Clonidine--potential dependence risk in psychiatric patients?].
Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Arousal; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Euphoria; Female; Hum | 1996 |
Local opioid withdrawal in rat single periaqueductal gray neurons in vitro.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Baclof | 1996 |
Clonidine and electrocardiograms.
Topics: Adult; Child; Clonidine; Drug Interactions; Electrocardiography; Humans; Hypertension; Methylphenida | 1996 |
Multiple receptors involved in peripheral alpha 2, mu, and A1 antinociception, tolerance, and withdrawal.
Topics: Adenosine; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagon | 1997 |
Propofol for sedation during rapid opiate detoxification.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Infusions, Intravenous; Male; Naloxone; Opioid-Re | 1997 |
Inhibitory effect of mitragynine, an alkaloid with analgesic effect from Thai medicinal plant Mitragyna speciosa, on electrically stimulated contraction of isolated guinea-pig ileum through the opioid receptor.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Analgesics; Animals; Clonidine; Diterpene Alkaloids; Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pig | 1997 |
Competitive and glycine/NMDA receptor antagonists attenuate withdrawal-induced behaviours and increased hippocampal acetylcholine efflux in morphine-dependent rats.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Binding, Competitive; Clonidine | 1997 |
[Changes in alpha 2-adrenoceptor binding nature in guinea-pig brain following the development of morphine dependence].
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Brain; Clonidine; Guinea Pigs; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependen | 1997 |
Outpatient non-opioid detoxification for opioid withdrawal. Who is likely to benefit?
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Ambulatory Care Facilities; Clonidine; Female; GABA Mo | 1997 |
The influence of chronic treatment with clonidine, yohimbine and idazoxan on morphine withdrawal.
Topics: Adrenergic Agents; Animals; Clonidine; Drug Interactions; Idazoxan; Male; Mice; Morphine; Narcotics; | 1997 |
Atipamezole-precipitated clonidine withdrawal induces c-Fos expression in rat central nervous system.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; An | 1997 |
Rapid opiate detoxification. Assessment is needed to exclude certain patients before detoxification.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Clonidine; Humans; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Substance | 1997 |
Safety of combined pharmacotherapy.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Child; Child Behavior Disorders; Child Psychiatry; Clonidine; Dose-Respon | 1997 |
Quantitative evaluation of opioid withdrawal signs in rats repeatedly treated with morphine and injected with naloxone, in the absence or presence of the antiabstinence agent clonidine.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Body Temperature; Clonid | 1997 |
Effects of tizanidine administration on precipitated opioid withdrawal signs in rats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavioral Symptoms; Body Temp | 1998 |
[Cardiovascular changes during alpha-2 agonist treatment of opiate withdrawal syndrome].
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Guanfacine; Heart Rate; Heroin; Heroi | 1998 |
Selective potentiation by ouabain of naloxone-induced withdrawal contractions of isolated guinea-pig ileum following acute exposure to morphine.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Carbachol; Clonidine; Drug Synergi | 1998 |
A comparison of the effects of clonidine and CNQX infusion into the locus coeruleus and the amygdala on naloxone-precipitated opiate withdrawal in the rat.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Amygdala; Animals; Clonidine; Excit | 1998 |
Antagonist precipitated clonidine withdrawal in rat: effects on locus coeruleus neurons, sympathetic nerves and cardiovascular parameters.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiova | 1998 |
Clonidine blocks acquisition but not expression of conditioned opiate withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Clonidine; Conditioning, Operant; Male; Morp | 1998 |
Opioid detoxification in pregnancy.
Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Chi-Square Distribution; Clonidine; Drug Therapy, Combination | 1998 |
Ultra-rapid opiate detoxification using deep sedation with oral midazolam: short and long-term results.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Anesthesia, General; Clonidine; Drug Therapy, Combination; | 1998 |
Acutely administered clozapine does not modify naloxone-induced withdrawal jumping in morphine-dependent mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Clonidine; Clozapine; Haloperidol; Male; Mice; Morphine D | 1999 |
Total neurochemical lesion of noradrenergic neurons of the locus ceruleus does not alter either naloxone-precipitated or spontaneous opiate withdrawal nor does it influence ability of clonidine to reverse opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Brain; Clonidine; Dopamine; Locus Coeruleus; | 1999 |
Novel selective compounds for the investigation of imidazoline receptors.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Binding Sites; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Clonidine; Dogs; Humans; Imidaz | 1999 |
Immunomodulatory effects of morphine withdrawal in the rat are time dependent and reversible by clonidine.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Clonidine; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Immune System; Interferon-gamma; Ki | 1999 |
Subsensitive alpha-2-adrenoceptor function in male alcohol-dependent individuals during 6 months of abstinence.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Clonidine; Down-Regulation; Ethanol; Human Growth Hormone; Humans; Male; Mi | 2000 |
Noradrenaline in the ventral forebrain is critical for opiate withdrawal-induced aversion.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Amygdala; Animals; Betaxolol; Clonidine; Mal | 2000 |
[Tizanidine in the treatment of acute withdrawal symptoms in heroin dependent patients].
Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Analgesics; Anticonvulsants; Case-Control Studies; Clonidine; Female; Heroin; | 2000 |
Nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) induces a quasi-morphine abstinence syndrome in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Nocicepti | 2000 |
Opioid detoxification under anaesthesia.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anesthesia, General; Clonidine; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic AMP Response Element-B | 2000 |
Cardiovascular responses to clonidine in alcohol withdrawal: are they related to psychopathology and mental well-being?
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Affect; Alcoholism; Anxiety; Blood Pressure; Central Nervous Syste | 2000 |
Effect of chronic morphine treatment on alpha(2)-adrenoceptor mediated autoinhibition of transmitter release from sympathetic varicosities of the mouse vas deferens.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Axons; Clonidine; Electric Stimulation; In V | 2001 |
Non-occlusive small bowel necrosis during gastric tube feeding: a case report.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Clonidine; Enteral Nutrition; Gastrointestinal Motility; Humans; Intestin | 2001 |
Clonidine attenuates naloxone-induced opioid-withdrawal syndrome in cholestatic mice.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Cholestasis; Clonidine; Disease Mo | 2001 |
Clonidine fails to modify dopaminergic neuronal activity during morphine withdrawal.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Clonidine; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationsh | 2001 |
Two methods of community detoxification from opiates: an open-label comparison of lofexidine and buprenorphine.
Topics: Adult; Buprenorphine; Chi-Square Distribution; Clonidine; Community Health Services; Female; Humans; | 2001 |
Outcomes of naltrexone maintenance following ultra rapid opiate detoxification versus intensive inpatient detoxification.
Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Clonidine; Humans; Inactivation, Metabolic; Israel; Male; Naltrexone; Narcotic An | 2002 |
The effects of simultaneous administration of alpha(2) -adrenergic agents with L-NAME or L-arginine on the development and expression of morphine dependence in mice.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; Adrenergic alpha-Agon | 2002 |
Dorsal and median raphe serotonergic system lesion does not alter the opiate withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Biogenic Amines; Clon | 2002 |
Lithium inhibits the development of physical dependence to clonidine in mice.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Clonidine; Injections, Intraperitoneal; | 2002 |
Rapid clonidine withdrawal with blood pressure overshoot exaggerated by beta-blockade.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Clonidine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Mid | 1976 |
Labetalol (AH5158), a competitive alpha- and beta-receptor blocking drug, in the management of hypertension.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Cloni | 1976 |
Blood pressure and heart rate and withdrawal of antihypertensive drugs.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Female | 1977 |
Withdrawal syndrome upon cessation of chronic clonidine treatment in rats.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Animals; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Female; Fetus; Heart Rate; Humans; Male; Materna | 1977 |
Hazards of sudden drug withdrawal.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Anticonvulsants; Barbiturates; Clonidine; Huma | 1977 |
Depression by clonidine of shaking behaviour elicited by nalorphine in morphine-dependent rats.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Cyproheptadine; Humans; Male; Morphine Dependence; Nalorphine; Rats; Substance W | 1977 |
Withdrawal of clonidine: effects of varying dosage or duration of treatment on subsequent blood pressure and heart rate responses.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Ganglionic Blockers; Heart Rate; Humans; Rats; Renin; Substance | 1978 |
Effect of chronic clonidine treatment and withdrawal on tyrosine hydroxylase activity in peripheral ganglia and the locus coeruleus.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Ganglia; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Rats; Substance Wit | 1978 |
The effects of treatment and of withdrawal of treatment with guanfacine and clonidine on blood pressure and heart rate in normotensive and renal hypertensive rats.
Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Female; Guanidines; Heart Rate; Humans; | 1979 |
[Detoxication of heroin addicts in the area of Genoa].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amino Acids; Clonidine; Diazepam; Female; Fructose; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Ma | 1979 |
Letter: Clonidine withdrawal.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle Aged; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1976 |
Withdrawal of clonidine.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle Aged; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complication | 1977 |
Clonidine withdrawal in hypertension. Changes in blood-pressure and plasma and urinary noradrenaline.
Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle Aged; Norep | 1977 |
Clonidine-withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertension, Malignant; Nitroprusside; Substance Withdrawal Syndro | 1977 |
Clonidine in opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Male; Methadone; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 1978 |
Clonidine and opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Drug Evaluation; Drug Interactions; Humans; Male; Morphine Dependence; Rats; Sub | 1978 |
The effect of clonidine withdrawal on total 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol in the rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Clonidine; Glycols; Humans; Male; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; Rats; Substance Withdr | 1979 |
Clonidine detoxification: a fourteen-day protocol for rapid opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Methadone; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 1979 |
Clonidine hydrochloride: a nonopiate treatment for opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Methadone; Naltrexone; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1979 |
Discontinuation of chronic clonidine treatment: evidence for facilitated brain noradrenergic neurotransmission.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Clonidine; Humans; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Mice; Motor Activity; Receptors, Adr | 1977 |
Site of naloxone-precipitated opiate withdrawal dissociates from that at which apomorphine reinitiates this phenomenon.
Topics: Animals; Apomorphine; Clonidine; Humans; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Naloxone; Rats; Recepto | 1978 |
Tolerance of locus coeruleus neurones to morphine and suppression of withdrawal response by clonidine.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Clonidine; Humans; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; | 1978 |
Abrupt withdrawal of cardiovascular drugs.
Topics: Cardiovascular Agents; Clonidine; Hemodynamics; Homeostasis; Humans; Nitroglycerin; Nitroprusside; P | 1979 |
A rationale for opiate withdrawal symptomatology.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Endorphins; Humans; Locus Coeruleus; Norepinephrine; Opioid-Related Disorders; R | 1979 |
Clonidine withdrawal syndrome in Tanzania--a substantial risk.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Long-Term Care; Male; Middle Aged; Substance Withdra | 1978 |
Preoperative and postoperative use of clonidine with neurolept anaesthesia.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Blood Circulation; Clonidine; Epinephrine; Female; Homeostasis; Humans; Hypert | 1979 |
Decreased serum prolactin in opiate withdrawal and dopaminergic hyperactivity.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Methadone; Narcotics; Prolactin; Receptors, Dopamine; Substance Withdrawal Syndro | 1979 |
Failure of labetalol to prevent hypertension due to clonidine withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Drug Combinations; Ethanolamines; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Labetalol; Substan | 1979 |
Rapid opiate detoxification: clinical evidence of antidepressant and antipanic effects of opiates.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Clonidine; Depression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fear; Humans; Imipramine; Male; Me | 1979 |
Preoperative clonidine withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Clonidine; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Preoperative Care; Substance Withdraw | 1979 |
[Clonidine in opiate abstinence].
Topics: Clonidine; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Morphine Dependence; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1979 |
Fatal rebound hypertension after abrupt withdrawal of clonidine and propranolol.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle Aged; Propranolol; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1979 |
Clonidine hydrochloride withdrawal complicating bilateral nephrectomy.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Humans; Hypertension, Renal; Male; Nephrectomy; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1979 |
Abrupt discontinuation of clonidine therapy.
Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle Aged; Substance Withdra | 1979 |
Clonidine for opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1979 |
Clonidine withdrawal.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Hypertension; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1979 |
Clonidine withdrawal mechanism and frequency of rebound hypertension. A reply to the letters of Dr. McMahon (1979) and Drs Whitsett & Chrysant (1979)
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Hypertension; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1979 |
[Preliminary assay of clonidine in opiate withdrawal. Results of an open-study (author's transl)].
Topics: Clonidine; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1979 |
Studies on the rebound hypertension after clonidine withdrawal in conscious hypertensive cats, rats, and dogs [proceedings].
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Cats; Clonidine; Dogs; Humans; Hypertension; Rats; Substance Withdrawal Syn | 1977 |
[Effect of chronic oral administration of clonidine on the endogenous catecholamine metabolism in spontaneously hypertensive rats (author's transl)].
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenal Glands; Animals; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Brain Stem; Catecholamin | 1977 |
Tolerance and dependence after chronic administration of clonidine to the rat.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Conditioning, Operant; Drug Tolerance; Humans; Male; Naloxone; Rats; Substance W | 1977 |
Comparative haemodynamic effects of clonidine and guanfacine.
Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Guanidines; Hemodynam | 1978 |
The inhibitory effects of clonidine on the contractions of the guinea-pig ileum in the morphine-dependent and withdrawn states [proceedings].
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Depression, Chemical; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Morphine | 1978 |
Clonidine antagonizes naloxone-induced suppression of conditioned behavior and body weight loss in morphine-dependent rats.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Clonidine; Conditioning, Operant; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Ma | 1978 |
A comparison of clonidine with morphine for antinociceptive and antiwithdrawal actions.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Male; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Pressure; | 1978 |
Clonidine reversal of increased norepinephrine metabolite levels during morphine withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Humans; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; Morphine Dependence; | 1979 |
Withdrawal of antihypertensive therapy. Hypertensive crisis in renovascular hypertension.
Topics: Acute Disease; Aged; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Diuretics; Female; Humans; Hypertension, Malignant; | 1977 |
Clonidine withdrawal and hypertension.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Hypertension; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1977 |
Clonidine withdrawal.
Topics: Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Hypotension; Middle Aged; Subs | 1978 |
Blood pressure rebound following withdrawal of antihypertensive treatment.
Topics: Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Humans; Hypertension, Renal; Propranolol; Recurrence; Substance Withdrawa | 1978 |
Hypertension after clonidine withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1978 |
Withdrawal of antihypertensive therapy.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Hypertension, Renal; Propranolol; Substance W | 1978 |
Pulling the therapeutic rug.
Topics: Anticoagulants; Blood Coagulation Disorders; Clonidine; Humans; Propranolol; Risk; Substance Withdra | 1978 |
Clonidine may relieve opiate withdrawal symptoms.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Methadone; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 1978 |
Clonidine withdrawal. Mechanism and frequency of rebound hypertension.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Diet; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle | 1979 |
Rebound phenomenon during gradual withdrawal of clonidine.
Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Catecholamines; Clonidine; Humans; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1977 |
Prevention of some complications of essential hypertension.
Topics: Anesthesia; Antihypertensive Agents; Arteriosclerosis; Clonidine; Diabetes Complications; Drug Incom | 1977 |
Clonidine rebound hypertension.
Topics: Clonidine; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle Aged; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1977 |
Acute clonidine withdrawal syndrome following open-heart operation.
Topics: Cardiopulmonary Bypass; Clonidine; Delirium; Female; Humans; Hypertension, Malignant; Middle Aged; S | 1977 |
Symptoms of clonidine withdrawal after 17 days.
Topics: Clonidine; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertension, Malignant; Middle Aged; Substance Withdrawal | 1976 |
Enhancement of morphine-withdrawal and apomorphine-induced aggression by clonidine.
Topics: Aggression; Animals; Apomorphine; Clonidine; Humans; Male; Morphine; Rats; Stimulation, Chemical; Su | 1976 |
Treatment of phaeochromocytoma and of clonidine withdrawal hypertension with labetalol.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Clonidine; Drug Evaluation; Ethanolamines; Female; Humans; Hypertension | 1976 |
The over-shoot phenomenon on withdrawal of clonidine therapy.
Topics: Blood Pressure Determination; Clonidine; Electrocardiography; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Mo | 1976 |
Letter: Clonidine (Catapres) overshoot.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1975 |
Letter: Clonidine (Catapres) overshoot.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1975 |
Centrally acting alpha-adrenoceptor agonists in hypertension: mechanisms and their role in therapy.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Clonidine; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Methyldopa; Neurons; Substance Withdrawal Syn | 1976 |
Centrally acting alpha-agonists. Mechanisms and their role in the therapy of essential hypertension.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Brain Chemistry; Clonidine; Humans; Hypertension; Norepinephrine; Rats; Ref | 1976 |
Clonidine (Catapres) for hypertension.
Topics: Clonidine; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Humans; Hypertension; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1975 |
Letter: Vomiting with clonidine withdrawal.
Topics: Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Vomiting | 1975 |
Effects of clonidine on morphine withdrawal signs in the rat.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Body Temperature; Cerebral Ventricles; Clonidine; Escape Reaction; Exophthalmos | 1975 |
Evaluation of clonidine hydrochloride (Catapres). A new antihypertensive agent.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Output; Clonidine; Diuretics; Drug Evaluation; Drug Sy | 1975 |
Letter: Late toxicity of clonidine withdrawal.
Topics: Clonidine; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertension, Malignant; Middle Aged; Substance Withdrawal | 1976 |
Letter: Emergency treatment of hypertensive crisis following clonidine withdrawal.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Hypertension; Labetalol; Pheochromocytoma; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1976 |
Acute postoperative clonidine withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Acute Disease; Clonidine; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Postoperative Complications; Substance Withdraw | 1976 |
The relationship between craving, anxiety, and other symptoms in opioid withdrawal.
Topics: Anxiety; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Humans; Motivati | 1992 |
Relapse to opiate use provokes biphasic changes of blood pressure in heroin-withdrawn addicts treated with clonidine.
Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Heroin; Heroin Dependenc | 1992 |
Mr R: a case study of withdrawal.
Topics: Alcoholism; Clonidine; Cocaine; Humans; Male; Methadone; Middle Aged; Neurologic Examination; Opioid | 1992 |
Effects of opioid and alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists on the isolated ileum of morphine-dependent guinea-pigs during withdrawal and after clonidine treatment.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Clonidine; Drug Tolerance; Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pigs; Il | 1992 |
[Tolerance and withdrawal syndrome].
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Clo | 1992 |
Effects of tizanidine on morphine physical dependence: attenuation and intensification.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Behavior, Animal; Clonidine; Glutamat | 1992 |
Chronic infusion of clonidine does not alleviate spontaneous morphine withdrawal symptoms in rats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Brimonidine Tartrate; Clonidine; D | 1992 |
Yohimbine-precipitated clonidine withdrawal: an experimental model of the antihypertensive drug withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Central Nervous System; Choline; Clonidi | 1992 |
Clonidine but not nifedipine prevents the release of noradrenaline during naloxone-precipitated opiate withdrawal: an in vivo microdialysis study in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Clonidine; Male; Microdialysis; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Nifedipine | 1992 |
Alcohol withdrawal treatment with clonidine.
Topics: Clonidine; Ethanol; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1992 |
Effect of naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal on noradrenaline release in rat hippocampus in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Clonidine; Dialysis; Electrochemistry; Hippocampus; L | 1992 |
Blocking naloxone-precipitated withdrawal in rats and hamsters.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Clonidine; Cricetinae; Drug Implants; Mesocricetus; Morphine Dependence; | 1992 |
Two cases of clonidine abuse/dependence in methadone-maintained patients.
Topics: Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Heroin Dependence; HIV Seropositivity; Humans; | 1992 |
Effects of clonidine on pituitary-adrenocortical axis in morphine-tolerant rats and after naloxone-induced withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Clonidine; Female; Hydrocortisone; Male; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Pit | 1992 |
alpha N-acetyl human beta-endorphin-(1-31) alleviates the morphine withdrawal syndrome in rodents: a comparative study with clonidine.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Clonidine; Disease Models, Animal; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Ra | 1992 |
Effect of adenosine analogues on the expression of opiate withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Clonidine; Diarrhea; Female; Male; Morphine Dependence; Motor | 1992 |
Morphine withdrawal in the hamster.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Cricetinae; Morphine; Naloxone; Nifedipine; Stereotyped Behavior; Substance With | 1992 |
Reproducible withdrawal contractions of isolated guinea-pig ileum after brief morphine exposure: effects of clonidine and nifedipine.
Topics: 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl e | 1990 |
Withdrawal symptoms in a postoperative patient.
Topics: Aged; Aorta, Abdominal; Aortic Aneurysm; Clonidine; Humans; Hypertension; Intubation, Gastrointestin | 1992 |
Clonidine in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal in the intensive care unit.
Topics: Acute Disease; Aged; Clonidine; Colectomy; Critical Care; Ethanol; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Multip | 1992 |
Experience with clonidine-naltrexone for rapid opiate detoxification.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Heroin Depend | 1991 |
Microdialysis evidence that acetylcholine in the nucleus accumbens is involved in morphine withdrawal and its treatment with clonidine.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Clonidine; Dialysis; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Nucleus | 1991 |
Dopamine microdialysis in the nucleus accumbens during acute and chronic morphine, naloxone-precipitated withdrawal and clonidine treatment.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Clonidine; Dialysis; Dopamine; Kinetics; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Nu | 1991 |
Mechanisms mediating the thermal response to morphine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Body Temperature; Clonidine; Female; Morphine; N | 1990 |
Acute treatment with clonidine or calcium entry blockers on opioid withdrawal in guinea-pig ileum.
Topics: Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Clonidine; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Muscle, Smoot | 1990 |
Aggravation of the severity of the clonidine withdrawal syndrome in conscious rats by beta 2-adrenoceptor antagonists.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Heart Rate; Male; Propanolamines; P | 1990 |
[Perioperative risk caused by alcohol and/or drug abuse. Which therapy?].
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Alcoholism; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Chlormethiazole; Clon | 1990 |
Myocardial infarction accompanying acute clonidine withdrawal in a patient without a history of ischemic coronary artery disease.
Topics: Aged; Clonidine; Electrocardiography; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Myocardial Infarction; Substance | 1991 |
Non-sustained ventricular tachycardia following clonidine withdrawal.
Topics: Clonidine; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tachycardia | 1991 |
Effect of clonidine, nimodipine and diltiazem on the in vitro opioid withdrawal response in the guinea-pig ileum.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Diltiazem; Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Morphi | 1990 |
Clonidine versus long- and short-term methadone-aided withdrawal from opiates. An uncontrolled comparison.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Heroin; Heroin Dependence; Hospitalization; | 1990 |
[Clonidine abstinence syndrome. A clinical case].
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle Aged; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tachycardia, Supr | 1990 |
Context-specific morphine withdrawal in rats: duration and effects of clonidine.
Topics: Animals; Arousal; Association Learning; Clonidine; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Motor Activi | 1990 |
Self-injurious behavior associated with clonidine withdrawal in a child with Tourette's disorder.
Topics: Arousal; Child; Clonidine; Humans; Male; Motor Activity; Self Mutilation; Substance Withdrawal Syndr | 1990 |
Morphine preference in individual rats after morphine ingestion.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Diet; Feeding Behavior; Learning; Male; Morphine; Quinine; Rats; Rats, Inbred St | 1990 |
Participation of different brain regions in the anti-narcotic withdrawal action of clonidine in the dependent rat.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Brain; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Injections, Intraventri | 1990 |
Clonidine attenuates increased brain glucose metabolism during naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Brain; Clonidine; Deoxy Sugars; Deoxyglucose; Image Processing, Computer-A | 1990 |
Clonidine as a sedative adjunct in intensive care.
Topics: Clonidine; Critical Care; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fentanyl; Gastrectomy; Humans; | 1990 |
Evaluation of clonidine suppression of opiate withdrawal reactions: a multidisciplinary approach.
Topics: Arousal; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Follow-Up Studies; Heroin; Heroin Dependence; | 1990 |
[Drug treatment of nicotine dependence].
Topics: Clonidine; Doxepin; Humans; Imipramine; Mecamylamine; Nicotine; Smoking; Substance Withdrawal Syndro | 1990 |
Self-administration of clonidine, oxazepam, and hydromorphone by patients undergoing methadone detoxification.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Drug Administration Schedule; Humans; Hydromorphone; Male; Methadone; Opioid-Relat | 1985 |
The properties of the clonidine withdrawal response of guinea-pig isolated ileum.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Clonidine; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Methionine; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Ileum; | 1985 |
Intravenous clonidine treatment in acute myocardial infarction (with comparison to a nitroglycerin-treated and control group).
Topics: Adult; Aged; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Catecholamines; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myo | 1986 |
Attenuation of isobutylmethylxanthine-induced suppression of operant behavior by pretreatment of rats with clonidine.
Topics: 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine; Animals; Clonidine; Conditioning, Operant; Male; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, | 1987 |
Failure of epidural opioid to control cancer pain in a patient previously treated with massive doses of intravenous opioid.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Bupivacaine; Cecal Neoplasms; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Infusions, I | 1989 |
Beta 2-adrenoceptor antagonists intensify clonidine withdrawal syndrome in conscious rats.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Decerebrate State; Dose-Response Re | 1989 |
Changes in alpha 2-adrenoceptor number and function in brains of morphine-dependent rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Clonidine; Electric Stimulation; Hippocampus; Male; Membranes; Morphine De | 1989 |
Changes in cortical acetylcholine and gamma-aminobutyric acid outflow during morphine withdrawal involve alpha-1 and alpha-2 receptors.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Clonidine; Dioxanes; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; Idazoxan; | 1989 |
[Treatment of withdrawal symptoms using clonidine during pregnancy].
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1989 |
Suppression of small intestinal motility and morphine withdrawal diarrhoea by clonidine: peripheral site of action.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Diarrhea; Gastrointestinal Motility; Intestine, Small; Male; Morphine; Morphine | 1989 |
Comment: oral clonidine in nicotine withdrawal.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Clonidine; Humans; Smoking; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1989 |
An automated method for the evaluation of jumping activity in mice. Effects of clonidine on morphine withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Male; Mice; Morphine Dependence; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Substance Withdrawal | 1989 |
Evidence that the increased anxiety detected in the elevated plus-maze during chlordiazepoxide withdrawal is not due to enhanced noradrenergic activity.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Chlordiazepoxide; Clonidine; Learning; Male; Norepinephrine; Propranolol; Rats; Ra | 1989 |
Clonidine in nicotine withdrawal.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Clonidine; Humans; Nicotine; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disord | 1989 |
Naltrexone and clonidine in heroin withdrawal treatment.
Topics: Clonidine; Heroin; Humans; Naltrexone; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1989 |
Blood pressure and blood pressure variability following withdrawal of propranolol and clonidine.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle Aged; Propranolol | 1989 |
The detoxification of high dose heroin addicts in Pakistan.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Clonidine; Cross-Cultural Comparison; Developing Countries; Dose-Response Relatio | 1989 |
Effects of chronic clonidine administration and withdrawal on free-running circadian activity rhythms.
Topics: Animals; Circadian Rhythm; Clonidine; Darkness; Female; Motor Activity; Rats; Substance Withdrawal S | 1989 |
Alpha 2-adrenoceptor-mediated inhibition of platelet adenylate cyclase activity in heroin addicts in abstinence.
Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Adult; Blood Platelets; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Hero | 1987 |
[Heroin withdrawal syndrome and noradrenergic activity].
Topics: Clonidine; Heroin; Humans; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1987 |
Presynaptic alpha 2 adrenoreceptor function in dependent rats before and after morphine withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Norepinep | 1986 |
Modulation of brain alpha 2-adrenoceptor and mu-opioid receptor densities during morphine dependence and spontaneous withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Stem; Cerebral Cortex; Clonidine; Corpus Striatum; Dihydromorphine; Hypothalam | 1987 |
The hypothermic response to clonidine is absent in alcohol withdrawal but returns in abstinence.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Body Temperature Regulation; Brain; Clonidine; Ethanol; Humans; Male; Norepinephr | 1988 |
Alpha-2-adrenoceptor function in alcoholics.
Topics: Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Clonidine; Ethanol; Growth Hormone; Humans; Receptors, Adrenergic, | 1988 |
Use of clonidine in a mixed-drug detoxification regimen: possibility of masking of clinical signs of sedative withdrawal.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Barbiturates; Benzodiazepines; Clonidine; Delirium; Diagnosis, Differential; Hu | 1985 |
Clonidine in benzodiazepine withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Humans; Lorazepam; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1985 |
Effects of alpha 2-agonists on morphine withdrawal behaviour: potentiation of jumping mediated by alpha 2-receptors.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Clonidine; Human | 1985 |
Location of the mechanism of the clonidine withdrawal tachycardia in rats.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Ox | 1985 |
[The effect of clonidine and guanfacine on blood pressure].
Topics: Animals; Autonomic Fibers, Preganglionic; Behavior, Animal; Blood Pressure; Brain; Cardiovascular Sy | 1985 |
Studies with alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists and alcohol abstinence syndrome in rats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Azepines; Clonidine; Ethanol; Guanfacine; Guanidines; Male; Phen | 1986 |
Chronic clonidine treatment and its withdrawal: effects on blood pressure and catecholamine synthesizing enzymes in brain-stem nuclei.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Brain Stem; Catecholamines; Clonidine; Dopami | 1986 |
Clonidine therapy in withdrawal from high-dose alprazolam treatment.
Topics: Adult; Alprazolam; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Substance Withdr | 1986 |
Clonidine and smoking.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Smoking; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1986 |
Reversal by alpha-2 agonists of diazepam withdrawal hyperactivity in rats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Azepines; Clonidine; Diazepam; Guanfacine; Guanidines; Male; Mot | 1986 |
The potentiation of morphine-withdrawal jumping by clonidine is antagonized by m-chlorophenylpiperazine and not by haloperidol.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Azepines; Behavior, Animal; Clonidine; Dopamine Antagonists; | 1986 |
Blood pressure monitoring at home for rapid opioid withdrawal with clonidine and naltrexone.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Blood Pressure Determination; Clonidine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fem | 1987 |
Clonidine in benzodiazepine withdrawal.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Clonidine; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1987 |
Advantages and disadvantages of alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists for systemic hypertension.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Clonidine; Hemodynamics; Humans; Hypertension; Su | 1988 |
Effects of two alpha 2 agonists, rilmenidine and clonidine, on the morphine withdrawal syndrome and their potential addictive properties in rats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Clonidine; Male; Morphine; Oxazoles; Rats; Rat | 1988 |
The anxiolytic and anxiogenic actions of ethanol in a mouse model.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Body Weight; Clonidine; Diazepam; Drinking; | 1988 |
Effects of dapiprazole, clonidine and yohimbine on the development of dependence and withdrawal behaviour in mice.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Injections, Intravent | 1989 |
[Drug resistance and withdrawal syndrome--study on receptors].
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Deoxyepinephrine; Drug Resistance; Humans; Hypertension; Receptors, Opioid; Subs | 1985 |
[Changes in the circadian rhythm of urinary cyclic adenosine monophosphate during the alcoholic withdrawal syndrome and related neurobiological correlations].
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Circadian Rhythm; Clonidine; Cyclic AMP; Female; Humans; Piracetam; Sleep Initiat | 1985 |
Changes in the adrenergic reactivity of spontaneously hypertensive rats after abrupt withdrawal of chronic clonidine treatment.
Topics: Animals; Autonomic Nervous System Diseases; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Heart Rate; Male; Rats; Rats, | 1985 |
Platelet alpha 2-adrenoceptors in heroin addicts during withdrawal and after treatment with clonidine.
Topics: Adult; Blood Platelets; Clonidine; Epinephrine; Female; Heroin Dependence; Humans; In Vitro Techniqu | 1985 |
Mianserin attenuates naloxone-precipitated withdrawal signs in rats acutely or chronically dependent upon morphine.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Clonidine; Corticosterone; Dibenzazepines; Male; Mianserin; Morphine Depe | 1986 |
Morphine dependence and protracted abstinence: regional alterations in CNS radioligand binding.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Clonidine; Dihydroalprenolol; Male; Morphine Dependence; Radioligand Assay | 1985 |
Intrathecal D-Ala2-D-Leu5-enkephalin (DADL) restores analgesia in a patient analgetically tolerant to intrathecal morphine sulfate.
Topics: Aged; Carcinoma; Clonidine; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Huma | 1986 |
Alpha receptors and ventricular tachycardia after clonidine withdrawal.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tachycardia | 1986 |
Rebound hypertension after discontinuation of transdermal clonidine therapy.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Aged; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Norepinephri | 1987 |
Benzodiazepines, plasma MHPG and alpha-2-adrenoceptor function in man.
Topics: Brain; Clonidine; Diazepam; Glycols; Humans; Male; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; Psychomotor Performan | 1987 |
The use of clonidine for the treatment of meperidine withdrawal in a multidisciplinary pain program setting. A case presentation.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Combined Modality Therapy; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Meperidin | 1987 |
Effects of clonidine and morphine on opioid withdrawal in rhesus monkeys.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Macaca mulatta; Male; Morphine; Naloxo | 1986 |
Opiate withdrawal: inpatient versus outpatient programmes.
Topics: Clonidine; Heroin; Hospitalization; Humans; Naltrexone; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1986 |
Chlormethiazole and alcohol: a lethal cocktail.
Topics: Carbamazepine; Clonidine; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1987 |
Clonidine infusions into the locus coeruleus attenuate behavioral and neurochemical changes associated with naloxone-precipitated withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Body Weight; Brain Chemistry; Clonidine; Hippocampus; Injections; Locus C | 1988 |
Social, motor, and autonomic signs of morphine withdrawal: differential sensitivities to catecholaminergic drugs in mice.
Topics: Animals; Apomorphine; Autonomic Nervous System; Catecholamines; Clonidine; Cocaine; Dextroamphetamin | 1988 |
Effects of clonidine on alprazolam discontinuation in panic patients: a pilot study.
Topics: Adult; Alprazolam; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Male; Phobic Disorders; Prospective Studies; Psychiatr | 1988 |
Rebound hypertension after discontinuation of transdermal clonidine.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Humans; Hydrochlorothiazide; Hypertension; Mal | 1988 |
Changes in locomotor-activity patterns as a measure of spontaneous morphine withdrawal: no effect of clonidine.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Clonidine; Eating; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Motor Activity; Rats; | 1988 |
Biochemical evidence that brainstem adrenaline-containing neurons are activated during clonidine withdrawal in the spontaneously hypertensive rat.
Topics: Animals; Brain Stem; Clonidine; Epinephrine; Hypertension; Male; Neurons; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats | 1988 |
Opioid withdrawal and naltrexone induction in 48-72 hours with minimal drop-out, using a modification of the naltrexone-clonidine technique.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Clonidine; Diazepam; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fem | 1988 |
Involvement of hypothalamic adrenaline in the clonidine withdrawal syndrome in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Clonidine; Dopamine; Epinephrine; Female; Hypothalamus; Med | 1988 |
[Hypertensive crisis after withdrawal of clonidine and nadolol. Case report and review of the literature].
Topics: Clonidine; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Transplantation; Middle Age | 1987 |
Impact of clonidine on alcohol withdrawal states.
Topics: Clonidine; Ethanol; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1988 |
Clonidine overdose and opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Humans; Hypotension; Male; Naloxone; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1988 |
Increased glucose utilization in superficial layers of the rat spinal dorsal horn during precipitated morphine withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Glucose; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Spinal Cord; Substan | 1988 |
Clonidine in alcohol withdrawal: a clinical report.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Clonidine; Diazepam; Humans; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1987 |
Clonidine in the treatment of Tourette's syndrome exacerbation due to haloperidol withdrawal.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Clonidine; Haloperidol; Humans; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tourette | 1986 |
Pharmacological treatment of abstinence reactions. Clonidine: a new treatment model. Proceedings of a symposium. Linköping, Sweden, February 7, 1985.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1986 |
Clonidine therapy for alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Carbamazepine; Clonidine; Diarrhea; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ethanol; Humans; Hyperhidrosis; Hyper | 1986 |
The use of clonidine in psychiatric disorders. Preliminary clinical observations.
Topics: Anxiety Disorders; Bipolar Disorder; Clonidine; Humans; Mental Disorders; Panic; Psychophysiologic D | 1986 |
Rebound phenomena in Tourette's syndrome after abrupt withdrawal of clonidine. Behavioral, cardiovascular, and neurochemical effects.
Topics: Adolescent; Blood Pressure; Child; Clonidine; Epinephrine; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Male; Methoxyh | 1986 |
Treatment of clonidine rebound syndrome with sublingual captopril.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Angina Pectoris; Blood Pressure; Captopril; Clonidine; Female; Heart Rate; Hum | 1986 |
Myoelectric activity of the small intestine during morphine dependence and withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Electromyography; Intestine, Small; Morphine Dependence; Muscle, Smooth; Naloxon | 1987 |
Treatment of opioid addicts.
Topics: Clonidine; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1987 |
[Detoxication or physical weaning].
Topics: Clonidine; Depressive Disorder; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Methadone; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1987 |
Effects of peripheral and central administration of calcium channel blockers in the naloxone-precipitated abstinence syndrome in morphine-dependent rats.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Brain; Calcium Channel Blockers; Clonidine; Diarrhea; Flunarizine; Injections, | 1987 |
Hypertensive emergencies.
Topics: Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Angina Pectoris; Antihypertensive Agents; Aortic Aneurysm; Aortic Dissectio | 1986 |
Clonidine in alcohol withdrawal: a pilot study of differential symptom responses following i.v. clonidine.
Topics: Adult; Affective Symptoms; Alcoholism; Clonidine; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Male; Substance Wi | 1987 |
Clonidine and the hyper-responsiveness of dorsal horn neurones following morphine withdrawal in the spinal cat.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Clonidine; Decerebrate State; Ganglia, Spinal; Injections; Injections, Intravenous; M | 1987 |
Pharmacological characterization of alcohol and barbital physical dependence in mice.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Barbital; Barbiturates; Clonidine; Ethanol; Male; Mice; Muscimol; Propranolol; Su | 1987 |
Clonidine and naltrexone in the outpatient treatment of heroin withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Ambulatory Care; Clonidine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Heroin; Humans; Male; Naltrexo | 1987 |
Management of benzodiazepine dependence.
Topics: Barbiturates; Benzodiazepines; Clonidine; Humans; Prognosis; Propranolol; Substance Withdrawal Syndr | 1986 |
Clonidine for opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Narcotics; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1986 |
The combined use of clonidine and naltrexone as a rapid, safe, and effective treatment of abrupt withdrawal from methadone.
Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; H | 1986 |
Lofexidine in alcohol withdrawal states.
Topics: Attention; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Ethanol; Female; Humans; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1986 |
Rebound hypertension associated with transdermal clonidine and contact dermatitis.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Aged; Clonidine; Dermatitis, Contact; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Recurre | 1986 |
[Use of clonidine in the treatment of opiate withdrawal syndrome].
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Middle Aged; Opium; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1986 |
Behavioral depression following clonidine withdrawal: a new animal model of long-lasting depression?
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Depressive Disorder; Desipramine; Disease Models, Animal; Rats; Substance Withdr | 1986 |
Rebound hypertension following abrupt cessation of clonidine and metoprolol. Treatment with labetalol.
Topics: Aged; Clonidine; Humans; Hypertension; Labetalol; Male; Metoprolol; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1987 |
Clonidine treatment in vegetative dysfunction--experimental rationales.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Climacteric; Clonidine; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Locus Coerul | 1985 |
Treatment of diabetic diarrhea with clonidine.
Topics: Chronic Disease; Clonidine; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diarrhea; Feces; Humans; Substance Withdrawal | 1985 |
Guanabenz therapy for opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Codeine; Guanabenz; Guanidines; Humans; Male; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1985 |
Clonidine. Quo vadis?
Topics: Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Anxiety Disorders; Climacteric; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Mi | 1985 |
Opiate and cocaine dependencies. Techniques to help counter the rising tide.
Topics: Ambulatory Care; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Cocaine; Drug Tolerance; Hospitalization; Humans; Opioid | 1985 |
Clonidine withdrawal syndrome in a patient with heart failure.
Topics: Aged; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Female; Heart Failure; Heart Rate; Humans; Nitroprusside; Pulmonary | 1985 |
Analgesic nitrous oxide: adjunct to clonidine for opioid withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Meperidine; Morphine; Morphine Dependen | 1985 |
Ventricular tachycardia induced by clonidine withdrawal.
Topics: Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Electrocardiography; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Phentolamine; Prazosin; | 1985 |
Use of guanabenz in methadone withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Female; Guanabenz; Guanidines; Humans; Methadone; Opioid-Related Disorders; Substa | 1985 |
Intrathecal clonidine: analgesia and effect on opiate withdrawal in the rat.
Topics: Analgesics; Anesthesia, Spinal; Animals; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Body Weight; Clonidine; H | 1985 |
Discriminative stimulus effects of morphine withdrawal in the dependent rat: suppression by opiate and nonopiate drugs.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Clonidine; Haloperidol; Humans; Male; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Naltrexon | 1985 |
Biochemical correlates of morphine withdrawal. 2. Effects of clonidine.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Animals; Clonidine; Denervation; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epinephrine; Huma | 1985 |
Morphine and clonidine oral self-administration: a study in morphine dependent or abstinent rats.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Conditioning, Operant; Humans; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Rats; Rats, | 1985 |
Regimen for the control of blood pressure and symptoms during clonidine withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Atenolol; Blood Pressure; Chlordiazepoxide; Clonidine; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Hype | 1985 |
Characterization of the rebound hypertension following withdrawal of clonidine treatment.
Topics: Animals; Clonidine; Dogs; Hypertension; Hypertension, Renal; In Vitro Techniques; Rats; Substance Wi | 1985 |
Investigation of clonidine and lofexidine for the treatment of barbiturate withdrawal in mice.
Topics: Animals; Barbiturates; Clonidine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred DBA; Seizures; Substance Withdrawal Syndr | 1985 |
Letter: Withdrawal of antihypertensive therapy.
Topics: Clonidine; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle Aged; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1974 |
Blood pressure over-shoot due to acute clonidine (Catapres) withdrawal: studies on arterial and urinary catecholamines and suggestions for management of the crisis.
Topics: Acetanilides; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Amino Alcohols; Catecholamines; Clonidine; Headache; Huma | 1973 |
Effects of clonidine withdrawal: possible mechanisms and suggestions for management.
Topics: Blood Pressure; Catecholamines; Clonidine; Epinephrine; Heart Rate; Humans; Hypertension; Injections | 1973 |
Clonidine in the treatment of severe hypertension.
Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, General; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Clonidine; Coronary Disease; Depression; Huma | 1973 |