clonidine has been researched along with Acute Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in 39 studies
Clonidine: An imidazoline sympatholytic agent that stimulates ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and central IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is commonly used in the management of HYPERTENSION.
clonidine (amino form) : A clonidine that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dichlorophenyl group.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "Current pharmacotherapies for PTSD manage only a subset of these symptoms and typically have adverse side effects which limit their overall effectiveness." | 5.39 | Differential effectiveness of tianeptine, clonidine and amitriptyline in blocking traumatic memory expression, anxiety and hypertension in an animal model of PTSD. ( Diamond, DM; Fleshner, M; Zoladz, PR, 2013) |
| " We therefore conducted this pilot study to compare a group of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (n = 7) to a contiguously studied panic disorder group (n = 17) and healthy control subjects (n = 16) on baseline levels of cortisol and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), and response to clonidine challenge." | 3.71 | A pilot study of noradrenergic and HPA axis functioning in PTSD vs. panic disorder. ( Blanco, C; Coplan, J; Klein, DF; Liebowitz, MR; Marshall, RD; Printz, D, 2002) |
| "Subjects with PTSD and no co-morbid depressive illness show a blunted growth hormone response to clonidine." | 2.71 | Blunted growth hormone response to clonidine in post-traumatic stress disorder. ( Hopwood, M; Maguire, K; Morris, P; Norman, T; Schweitzer, I, 2004) |
| "We also review the history of PTSD and the development of its diagnostic criteria." | 2.44 | Post-traumatic stress disorder and its treatment in children and adolescents. ( Najjar, F; Weisbrot, J; Weller, EB; Weller, RA, 2008) |
| "Recent research also suggests that PTSD has a unique biological profile consisting of alterations in sympathetic arousal, the neuroendocrine system, and the sleep/dream cycle." | 2.37 | Toward rational pharmacotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder: an interim report. ( Friedman, MJ, 1988) |
| "Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms of hyperarousal are mediated through sympathetic nervous system hyperactivity." | 1.62 | Low-dose clonidine in veterans with Posttraumatic stress disorder. ( Burek, GA; Heslin, K; Larsen, SE; Liewen, AK; Waite, MR; Yaqub, TM, 2021) |
| "Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a growing issue worldwide characterized by stress and anxiety in response to re-experiencing traumatic events which strongly impair patient's quality of life and social functions." | 1.46 | Antidepressant-like activity of venlafaxine and clonidine in mice exposed to single prolonged stress - A model of post-traumatic stress disorder. Pharmacodynamic and molecular docking studies. ( Fijałkowski, Ł; Malikowska, N; Nowaczyk, A; Popik, P; Sałat, K, 2017) |
| "For those with PTSD, a suggested treatment approach is long-term supportive psychotherapy with drug treatment directed at reducing the most disruptive symptoms, such as insomnia, nightmares, and irritability or psychosis." | 1.43 | Medical Approach to the Management of Traumatized Refugees. ( Kinzie, JD, 2016) |
| "Whether the additional PTSD and functional neurologic deficits were due to a direct effect of the lightning strike on the central nervous system or a secondary response is open to speculation." | 1.39 | Central hyperadrenergic state after lightning strike. ( Ahlskog, JE; Craft, JM; Gelfman, R; Kantor, B; Low, PA; Parsaik, AK; Seime, RJ; Sheldon, SH; Singer, W; Staab, JP, 2013) |
| "Current pharmacotherapies for PTSD manage only a subset of these symptoms and typically have adverse side effects which limit their overall effectiveness." | 1.39 | Differential effectiveness of tianeptine, clonidine and amitriptyline in blocking traumatic memory expression, anxiety and hypertension in an animal model of PTSD. ( Diamond, DM; Fleshner, M; Zoladz, PR, 2013) |
| "To describe the successful treatment of PTSD associated nightmares in two patients with PTSD." | 1.38 | The use of clonidine in the treatment of nightmares among patients with co-morbid PTSD and traumatic brain injury. ( Alao, A; Razi, S; Selvarajah, J, 2012) |
| "Current PTSD treatments typically only produce partial improvement." | 1.38 | Preclinical evaluation of reconsolidation blockade by clonidine as a potential novel treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder. ( Gamache, K; Nader, K; Pitman, RK, 2012) |
| "Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent psychiatric disorder precipitated by exposure to extreme traumatic stress." | 1.37 | The role of norepinephrine in differential response to stress in an animal model of posttraumatic stress disorder. ( Defino, MC; Hague, C; Olson, VG; Peskind, ER; Raskind, MA; Redila, VA; Reh, RK; Rockett, HR; Szot, P; Tran, PM; Venkov, HA, 2011) |
| "When clonidine was administered, locomotion reduction was not observed on any post-stress day." | 1.31 | Clonidine immediately after immobilization stress prevents long-lasting locomotion reduction in the rat. ( Mugishima, G; Shinba, T; Shinozaki, T, 2001) |
| "Historically, many PTSD patients were treated with benzodiazepines, often in high dosages." | 1.30 | Pharmacological management of post-traumatic stress disorder: clinical summary of a five-year retrospective study, 1990-1995. ( Adams, D; Batzer, W; Berigan, T; Ditzler, T; Harazin, J; Lettich, L; Viola, J, 1997) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 2 (5.13) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 8 (20.51) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 10 (25.64) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 18 (46.15) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 1 (2.56) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Burek, GA | 1 |
| Waite, MR | 1 |
| Heslin, K | 1 |
| Liewen, AK | 1 |
| Yaqub, TM | 1 |
| Larsen, SE | 1 |
| Malikowska, N | 1 |
| Fijałkowski, Ł | 1 |
| Nowaczyk, A | 1 |
| Popik, P | 1 |
| Sałat, K | 1 |
| Rorabaugh, BR | 1 |
| Bui, AD | 1 |
| Seeley, SL | 1 |
| Eisenmann, ED | 1 |
| Rose, RM | 1 |
| Johnson, BL | 1 |
| Huntley, MR | 1 |
| Heikkila, ME | 1 |
| Zoladz, PR | 2 |
| Ye, L | 1 |
| Shipley, E | 1 |
| Lippmann, S | 1 |
| Alao, A | 1 |
| Selvarajah, J | 1 |
| Razi, S | 1 |
| Parsaik, AK | 1 |
| Ahlskog, JE | 1 |
| Singer, W | 1 |
| Gelfman, R | 1 |
| Sheldon, SH | 1 |
| Seime, RJ | 1 |
| Craft, JM | 1 |
| Staab, JP | 1 |
| Kantor, B | 1 |
| Low, PA | 1 |
| Toledano, D | 1 |
| Tassin, JP | 1 |
| Gisquet-Verrier, P | 1 |
| Gazarini, L | 1 |
| Stern, CA | 1 |
| Piornedo, RR | 1 |
| Takahashi, RN | 1 |
| Bertoglio, LJ | 1 |
| Garcha, AS | 1 |
| Cohen, DL | 1 |
| Kinzie, JD | 4 |
| Naguy, A | 1 |
| Sonne, C | 1 |
| Carlsson, J | 1 |
| Bech, P | 1 |
| Mortensen, EL | 1 |
| Ziegenhorn, AA | 1 |
| Roepke, S | 1 |
| Schommer, NC | 1 |
| Merkl, A | 1 |
| Danker-Hopfe, H | 1 |
| Perschel, FH | 1 |
| Heuser, I | 1 |
| Anghelescu, IG | 1 |
| Lammers, CH | 1 |
| Aurora, RN | 1 |
| Zak, RS | 1 |
| Auerbach, SH | 1 |
| Casey, KR | 1 |
| Chowdhuri, S | 1 |
| Karippot, A | 1 |
| Maganti, RK | 1 |
| Ramar, K | 1 |
| Kristo, DA | 1 |
| Bista, SR | 1 |
| Lamm, CI | 1 |
| Morgenthaler, TI | 1 |
| Olson, VG | 1 |
| Rockett, HR | 1 |
| Reh, RK | 1 |
| Redila, VA | 1 |
| Tran, PM | 1 |
| Venkov, HA | 1 |
| Defino, MC | 1 |
| Hague, C | 1 |
| Peskind, ER | 1 |
| Szot, P | 1 |
| Raskind, MA | 1 |
| Dowben, JS | 1 |
| Grant, JS | 1 |
| Keltner, NL | 1 |
| Anisman, H | 1 |
| Lipov, E | 1 |
| Kelzenberg, B | 1 |
| Gamache, K | 1 |
| Pitman, RK | 1 |
| Nader, K | 1 |
| Fleshner, M | 1 |
| Diamond, DM | 1 |
| Marshall, RD | 1 |
| Blanco, C | 1 |
| Printz, D | 1 |
| Liebowitz, MR | 1 |
| Klein, DF | 1 |
| Coplan, J | 1 |
| Porter, DM | 1 |
| Bell, CC | 1 |
| Morris, P | 1 |
| Hopwood, M | 1 |
| Maguire, K | 1 |
| Norman, T | 1 |
| Schweitzer, I | 1 |
| Zweig-Frank, H | 1 |
| Paris, J | 1 |
| Ng Ying Kin, NM | 1 |
| Schwartz, G | 1 |
| Steiger, H | 1 |
| Vasavan Nair, NP | 1 |
| Strawn, JR | 1 |
| Geracioti, TD | 1 |
| Sprang, G | 1 |
| Craig, C | 1 |
| Clark, J | 1 |
| Boehnlein, JK | 1 |
| Najjar, F | 1 |
| Weller, RA | 1 |
| Weisbrot, J | 1 |
| Weller, EB | 1 |
| Sack, RL | 1 |
| Riley, CM | 1 |
| Horrigan, JP | 1 |
| Barnhill, LJ | 1 |
| Harmon, RJ | 1 |
| Riggs, PD | 1 |
| Coplan, JD | 2 |
| Pine, DS | 1 |
| Papp, LA | 1 |
| Gorman, JM | 1 |
| Smith, EL | 1 |
| Trost, RC | 1 |
| Scharf, BA | 1 |
| Rosenblum, LA | 1 |
| Viola, J | 1 |
| Ditzler, T | 1 |
| Batzer, W | 1 |
| Harazin, J | 1 |
| Adams, D | 1 |
| Lettich, L | 1 |
| Berigan, T | 1 |
| De Bellis, MD | 1 |
| Keshavan, MS | 1 |
| Harenski, KA | 1 |
| Shinba, T | 1 |
| Shinozaki, T | 1 |
| Mugishima, G | 1 |
| Hansenne, M | 1 |
| Pitchot, W | 1 |
| Ansseau, M | 1 |
| Leung, P | 1 |
| Friedman, MJ | 1 |
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment of Nightmares in Psychiatric Inpatients With Imagery Rehearsal Therapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT04198142] | 60 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2019-11-18 | Recruiting | |||
| Effectiveness of Prazosin in Bulimic Patients Experiencing Nightmares Due to PTSD[NCT02382848] | 9 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2015-07-31 | Completed | |||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
EDI-3 (Eating Disorder Inventory 3 Scale) is a pencil and paper test consisting of 91 items and 12 sub-scales. The main scales are the drive for thinness and the bulimia scales, the remaining sub-scales are: low self-esteem, body dissatisfaction, maturity fears, personal alienation, interpersonal alienation, interpersonal insecurity, perfectionism, interoceptive deficits, emotional dysregulation, and asceticism. The response options are based on a 6-point Likert-type scale are: Always, Usually, Often, Sometimes, Rarely, and Never. There are six composite scores, 12 primary scores, and three response style validity indicators. Software is used to calculate the raw scores, composite scores, validity scale scores and the T-scores. The t-score for the Bulimia scale will be used for this analysis with a range of 22-66. Higher scores indicate the likelihood of an eating disorder. A higher t-score on the bulimia scale indicates a worse outcome. (NCT02382848)
Timeframe: 3 weeks
| Intervention | T-Score (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Prazosin | 43.1 |
| Placebo | 38.6 |
Rating scales and subject interview will be used to determine if there is a decrease in depressed mood among participants undergoing drug intervention. The HDRS (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) consists of 17 items, some scored on a 5-point scale (0-4) and others scored on a 3-point scale (0-2). Items from the scale can be summed to give a total score ranging from 0 to 50, with higher scores indicating a worse outcome. This analysis is based on a single item from the scale (Depressed Mood, measured on a 5-point scale) where a higher score again indicates a worse outcome. (NCT02382848)
Timeframe: 3 weeks
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Prazosin | 1.4 |
| Placebo | 1.3 |
"The individual question about frightening dreams from the Nightmares Subscale of a self-administered questionnaire (Sleep-50 Questionnaire), will be used to determine if there is a decrease in frequency of nightmares in patients undergoing drug intervention. For each question, respondents are provided with a scale ranging from 1 (not at all) to 4 (very much) and are asked to indicate the extent to which the statement has matched their experience over the study time frame. The scale values range from 1-4, where a lower value indicates lower frequency of nightmares. A higher score is a worse outcome." (NCT02382848)
Timeframe: 3 weeks
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Prazosin | 2.25 |
| Placebo | 2.75 |
Rating scales and subject interview will be used to determine if there is a decrease in self harm among participants undergoing drug intervention. The HDRS (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) consists of 17 items, some scored on a 5-point scale (0-4) and others scored on a 3-point scale (0-2). Items from the scale can be summed to give a total score ranging from 0 to 50, with higher scores indicating a worse outcome. This analysis is based on a single item from the scale (Self Harm, measured on a 5-point scale) where a higher score again indicates a worse outcome. (NCT02382848)
Timeframe: 3 weeks
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Prazosin | 0.5 |
| Placebo | .1 |
The CAPS (Clinician administered PTSD) rating scale consists of 30 questions rated on a 0-4 point scoring system and patient interview will be used to determine if there is a decrease in PTSD Symptoms among participants undergoing drug intervention. 17 of these questions are used to calculate the total severity score used in this analysis. This is done by summing the frequency and intensity ratings (each ranging from 0-4) for each of the 17 questions. The total severity score can have a range of 0-136. A higher score on this scale indicates a worse outcome. (NCT02382848)
Timeframe: 3 weeks
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Prazosin | 65.5 |
| Placebo | 79.8 |
8 reviews available for clonidine and Acute Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Catecholamine excess: pseudopheochromocytoma and beyond.
Topics: Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenergic Agents; Antihypertensive Agents; Autonomic Nervous System Diseas | 2015 |
Clonidine Use in Psychiatry: Panacea or Panache.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Clonidine; Humans; Men | 2016 |
Pharmacological treatment of refugees with trauma-related disorders: What do we know today?
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Antidepressive Agents | 2017 |
Sympathetic system modulation to treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): a review of clinical evidence and neurobiology.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Anesthetics, Local; Anti-Anxiety | 2012 |
Noradrenergic dysfunction and the psychopharmacology of posttraumatic stress disorder.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Ant | 2008 |
Post-traumatic stress disorder and its treatment in children and adolescents.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child Abuse; Child, Preschool; Citalopram; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clonidine; C | 2008 |
A view on noradrenergic, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and extrahypothalamic corticotrophin-releasing factor function in anxiety and affective disorders: the reduced growth hormone response to clonidine.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Clonidine; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Depressive Disorder; Growth Hormone; H | 1997 |
Toward rational pharmacotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder: an interim report.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Benzodiazepines; Clonidine; Combined Modality | 1988 |
2 trials available for clonidine and Acute Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Clonidine improves hyperarousal in borderline personality disorder with or without comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Arousal; Borderline Personality Disorder; Clonidine; Cross-Over St | 2009 |
Blunted growth hormone response to clonidine in post-traumatic stress disorder.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Area Under Curve; Clonidine; Depressive Disorder; Human Growth Hormone; H | 2004 |
29 other studies available for clonidine and Acute Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Low-dose clonidine in veterans with Posttraumatic stress disorder.
Topics: Clonidine; Humans; Retrospective Studies; Sleep Wake Disorders; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic; Tr | 2021 |
Antidepressant-like activity of venlafaxine and clonidine in mice exposed to single prolonged stress - A model of post-traumatic stress disorder. Pharmacodynamic and molecular docking studies.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Clonidine; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transpor | 2017 |
Myocardial hypersensitivity to ischemic injury is not reversed by clonidine or propranolol in a predator-based rat model of posttraumatic stress disorder.
Topics: Adrenergic Agents; Animals; Anxiety; Cardiovascular Agents; Clonidine; Disease Models, Animal; Disea | 2019 |
Transdermal clonidine for mitigating posttraumaticdisorder in an ad stress olescent.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Bu | 2019 |
The use of clonidine in the treatment of nightmares among patients with co-morbid PTSD and traumatic brain injury.
Topics: Adult; Brain Injuries; Clonidine; Combat Disorders; Dreams; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Stress Disord | 2012 |
Central hyperadrenergic state after lightning strike.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Anxiety; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Autonomic Nerv | 2013 |
Traumatic stress in rats induces noradrenergic-dependent long-term behavioral sensitization: role of individual differences and similarities with dependence on drugs of abuse.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Clonidine; Dextroamphetamine; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Male; Motor | 2013 |
PTSD-like memory generated through enhanced noradrenergic activity is mitigated by a dual step pharmacological intervention targeting its reconsolidation.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Blood Pressu | 2014 |
Medical Approach to the Management of Traumatized Refugees.
Topics: Adult; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Antihypertensive Agents; Clonidine; Depression; Dreams; Dru | 2016 |
Best practice guide for the treatment of nightmare disorder in adults.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Dreams; Evidence-Based Medicine; Eye Movement Desens | 2010 |
Best practice guide for the treatment of nightmare disorder in adults.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Dreams; Evidence-Based Medicine; Eye Movement Desens | 2010 |
Best practice guide for the treatment of nightmare disorder in adults.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Dreams; Evidence-Based Medicine; Eye Movement Desens | 2010 |
Best practice guide for the treatment of nightmare disorder in adults.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Dreams; Evidence-Based Medicine; Eye Movement Desens | 2010 |
The role of norepinephrine in differential response to stress in an animal model of posttraumatic stress disorder.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Aggression; Animals; Brain Mapping; Clonidine; Disease Models, Animal; Electri | 2011 |
Clonidine: diverse use in pharmacologic management.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Asperger Syndrome; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Autistic Disord | 2011 |
Sensitization in relation to posttraumatic stress disorder.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Brain; Clonidine; Disease Models, Animal; Mice; Norepinephrine; Prazo | 2011 |
Preclinical evaluation of reconsolidation blockade by clonidine as a potential novel treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Animals; Clonidine; Conditioning, Psycho | 2012 |
Differential effectiveness of tianeptine, clonidine and amitriptyline in blocking traumatic memory expression, anxiety and hypertension in an animal model of PTSD.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Amitriptyline; Animals; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Antihypertens | 2013 |
A pilot study of noradrenergic and HPA axis functioning in PTSD vs. panic disorder.
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Aged; Clonidine; Eye Movements; Female; Gas Chromatogr | 2002 |
The use of clonidine in post-traumatic stress disorder.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Child; Child Abuse, Sexual; Clonidine; Female; Humans; Stress Disorders, | 1999 |
Childhood sexual abuse in relation to neurobiological challenge tests in patients with borderline personality disorder and normal controls.
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Borderline Personality Disorder; Child; Child Abuse, S | 2006 |
Factors impacting trauma treatment practice patterns: the convergence/divergence of science and practice.
Topics: Adult; Behavioral Medicine; Clonidine; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Female; Health Services Researc | 2008 |
Pharmacologic reduction of CNS noradrenergic activity in PTSD: the case for clonidine and prazosin.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adult; Arousal; Brain; Clonidine; Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic; | 2007 |
The polysomnographic effects of clonidine on sleep disorders in posttraumatic stress disorder: a pilot study with Cambodian patients.
Topics: Adult; Cambodia; Clonidine; Combined Modality Therapy; Comorbidity; Dreams; Female; Humans; Middle A | 1994 |
The suppression of nightmares with guanfacine.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Clonidine; Comorbidity; Depressive Disorder; Dreams; Drug Therapy, | 1996 |
Clonidine for posttraumatic stress disorder in preschool children.
Topics: Child, Preschool; Clonidine; Humans; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Stress Disorders, Post-Trauma | 1996 |
Neurobiological alterations in adult nonhuman primates exposed to unpredictable early rearing. Relevance to posttraumatic stress disorder.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Clonidine; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Growth Hormone; Huma | 1997 |
Pharmacological management of post-traumatic stress disorder: clinical summary of a five-year retrospective study, 1990-1995.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Anticonvulsants; Clonidine; Humans; Military Personnel; Retrospective | 1997 |
Anterior cingulate N-acetylaspartate/creatine ratios during clonidine treatment in a maltreated child with posttraumatic stress disorder.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Aspartic Acid; Child; Child Abuse; Clonidine; Creatine; Gyrus Cinguli; Hu | 2001 |
Clonidine immediately after immobilization stress prevents long-lasting locomotion reduction in the rat.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Anxiety; Clonidine; Disease Models, Animal; Locomotion; Male; Ra | 2001 |
The clonidine test in posttraumatic stress disorder.
Topics: Adult; Clonidine; Growth Hormone; Humans; Implosive Therapy; Male; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic | 1991 |
Clonidine in Cambodian patients with posttraumatic stress disorder.
Topics: Adult; Cambodia; Clonidine; Depressive Disorder; Drug Combinations; Female; Humans; Imipramine; Male | 1989 |