clonazepam has been researched along with Chemical Dependence in 46 studies
Clonazepam: An anticonvulsant used for several types of seizures, including myotonic or atonic seizures, photosensitive epilepsy, and absence seizures, although tolerance may develop. It is seldom effective in generalized tonic-clonic or partial seizures. The mechanism of action appears to involve the enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptor responses.
clonazepam : 1,3-Dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are substituted by 2-chlorophenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used in the treatment of all types of epilepsy and seizures, as well as myoclonus and associated abnormal movements, and panic disorders. However, its use can be limited by the development of tolerance and by sedation.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "A randomized, double-blind controlled trial is reported comparing phenobarbital and clonazepam for the purpose of sedative-hypnotic taper in inpatients with chronic, nonmalignant pain." | 9.07 | Phenobarbital versus clonazepam for sedative-hypnotic taper in chronic pain patients. A pilot study. ( Lynn, P; Roy-Byrne, P; Sullivan, M; Toshima, M, 1993) |
| "Side effects of carbamazepine (CBZ), valproate (VPA) and clonazepam (CZP) are rare during long-term use but rather common and usually transient during the early phases of treatment." | 5.27 | Side effects of carbamazepine, valproate and clonazepam during long-term treatment of epilepsy. ( Keränen, T; Sivenius, J, 1983) |
| "A randomized, double-blind controlled trial is reported comparing phenobarbital and clonazepam for the purpose of sedative-hypnotic taper in inpatients with chronic, nonmalignant pain." | 5.07 | Phenobarbital versus clonazepam for sedative-hypnotic taper in chronic pain patients. A pilot study. ( Lynn, P; Roy-Byrne, P; Sullivan, M; Toshima, M, 1993) |
| " Following treatment for hyperkalemia with calcium, insulin, dextrose, and hypertonic sodium bicarbonate a repeat ECG had a ventricular rate of 66/min, QRS 156 ms, and QT 576 ms." | 3.83 | Not your regular high: cardiac dysrhythmias caused by loperamide. ( Biary, R; Hoffman, RS; Howland, MA; Lugassy, D; Rice, B; Wightman, RS, 2016) |
| " In one approach, mice were chronically treated with either diazepam, clonazepam, clobazam or the novel anxiolytic and anticonvulsant beta-carboline derivative abecarnil for 4 weeks, at doses which were about equipotent to increase the threshold for myoclonic seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole." | 3.69 | Long-term studies on anticonvulsant tolerance and withdrawal characteristics of benzodiazepine receptor ligands in different seizure models in mice. I. Comparison of diazepam, clonazepam, clobazam and abecarnil. ( Ebert, U; Hönack, D; Löscher, W; Rundfeldt, C, 1996) |
| "Self-reported physical withdrawal symptoms were recorded daily." | 2.77 | High dose benzodiazepine dependence: description of 29 patients treated with flumazenil infusion and stabilised with clonazepam. ( Des Jarlais, DC; Gerra, G; Lugoboni, F; Mathewson, S; Pattaro, C; Quaglio, G; Verbanck, P, 2012) |
| " Axis I and II psychiatric diagnosis was assessed and methadone dosage and history of abuse was recorded." | 2.71 | Treatment of benzodiazepine dependence in methadone maintenance treatment patients: a comparison of two therapeutic modalities and the role of psychiatric comorbidity. ( Adelson, M; Bleich, A; Gelkopf, M; Melamed, Y; Weizman, T, 2003) |
| "Long-term, nightly benzodiazepine treatment of injurious parasomnias and other disorders of disrupted nocturnal sleep resulted in sustained efficacy in most cases, with low risk of dosage tolerance, adverse effects, or abuse." | 2.68 | Long-term, nightly benzodiazepine treatment of injurious parasomnias and other disorders of disrupted nocturnal sleep in 170 adults. ( Mahowald, MW; Schenck, CH, 1996) |
| "Many patients with migraine are poorly responsive to conventional preventive therapies." | 2.46 | Clonazepam for refractory headache: three cases illustrative of benefit and risk. ( Maizels, M, 2010) |
| "Clonazepam is a new benzodiazepine anticonvulsant recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of typical absence, infantile myoclonic, atypical absence, myoclonic, and akinetic seizures." | 2.35 | Clonazepam. A review of a new anticonvulsant drug. ( Browne, TR, 1976) |
| "Insomnia is one such condition whose prevalence is rising all over the world." | 1.51 | A case of zolpidem dependence with extremely high daily doses. ( Bajaj, A; Bajaj, V; Kalra, I; Kumar, R; Sharma, D, 2019) |
| "Zolpidem is an imidazopyridine nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic drug with a high affinity to the α1 subunit of the gamma amino butyric acid A receptor It is the first pharmacological option in the short-term management of sleep-onset insomnia." | 1.48 | Severe Chronic Abuse of Zolpidem in Refractory Insomnia. ( Bianco, G; Castelnovo, A; Chiaro, G; Maffei, P; Manconi, M, 2018) |
| "Clonazepam was used as positive control and amitriptyline as negative control." | 1.43 | Disproportionality Analysis for the Assessment of Abuse and Dependence Potential of Pregabalin in the French Pharmacovigilance Database. ( Bossard, JB; Dupouy, J; Jouanjus, E; Lapeyre-Mestre, M; Ponté, C, 2016) |
| "Diphenhydramine was more frequently recorded among the false-positive group, but this was not statistically significant." | 1.39 | How often do false-positive phencyclidine urine screens occur with use of common medications? ( Mullins, ME; Rengarajan, A, 2013) |
| "When clonazepam was finally withdrawn, a self-limiting abstinence syndrome was observed in all dogs, consisting of behavioral alterations (listlessness, wet dog shakes, dorsal recumbency), tremor, a severe clonic-tonic seizure in 1 case, hyperthermia, and weight loss." | 1.27 | Physical dependence on clonazepam in dogs. ( Frey, HH; Scherkl, R, 1986) |
| "Side effects of carbamazepine (CBZ), valproate (VPA) and clonazepam (CZP) are rare during long-term use but rather common and usually transient during the early phases of treatment." | 1.27 | Side effects of carbamazepine, valproate and clonazepam during long-term treatment of epilepsy. ( Keränen, T; Sivenius, J, 1983) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 6 (13.04) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 11 (23.91) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 10 (21.74) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 19 (41.30) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Tvete, IF | 1 |
| Bjørner, T | 1 |
| Skomedal, T | 1 |
| Jain, S | 1 |
| Gupta, T | 1 |
| Nebhinani, N | 1 |
| Singhai, K | 1 |
| Suthar, N | 1 |
| Chiaro, G | 1 |
| Castelnovo, A | 1 |
| Bianco, G | 1 |
| Maffei, P | 1 |
| Manconi, M | 1 |
| Bajaj, V | 1 |
| Kalra, I | 1 |
| Bajaj, A | 1 |
| Sharma, D | 1 |
| Kumar, R | 1 |
| Rengarajan, A | 1 |
| Mullins, ME | 1 |
| Mohamed, TM | 1 |
| Ghaffar, HM | 1 |
| El Husseiny, RM | 1 |
| Nordal, K | 1 |
| Øiestad, EL | 3 |
| Enger, A | 2 |
| Christophersen, AS | 1 |
| Vindenes, V | 2 |
| Demirci, K | 1 |
| Akgönül, M | 1 |
| Demirdaş, A | 1 |
| Akpınar, A | 1 |
| Gjerde, H | 1 |
| Nordfjærn, T | 1 |
| Bretteville-Jensen, AL | 1 |
| Edland-Gryt, M | 1 |
| Furuhaugen, H | 1 |
| Karinen, R | 1 |
| Wightman, RS | 1 |
| Hoffman, RS | 1 |
| Howland, MA | 1 |
| Rice, B | 1 |
| Biary, R | 1 |
| Lugassy, D | 1 |
| Bossard, JB | 1 |
| Ponté, C | 1 |
| Dupouy, J | 1 |
| Lapeyre-Mestre, M | 2 |
| Jouanjus, E | 1 |
| Marin, SJ | 1 |
| Keith, L | 1 |
| Merrell, M | 1 |
| McMillin, GA | 1 |
| Laqueille, X | 1 |
| Launay, C | 1 |
| Dervaux, A | 1 |
| Kanit, M | 1 |
| Chen, CY | 1 |
| Shiah, IS | 1 |
| Lee, WK | 1 |
| Kuo, SC | 1 |
| Huang, CC | 1 |
| Wang, TY | 1 |
| Frauger, E | 3 |
| Pauly, V | 3 |
| Thirion, X | 3 |
| Natali, F | 2 |
| Pradel, V | 3 |
| Reggio, P | 1 |
| Rouby, F | 2 |
| Coudert, H | 1 |
| Micallef, J | 3 |
| Kouzoupis, AV | 1 |
| Konstantakopoulos, G | 1 |
| Oulis, P | 1 |
| Kalfakis, N | 1 |
| Papageorgiou, SG | 1 |
| Maizels, M | 1 |
| Arditti, J | 1 |
| Lapeyre Mestre, M | 1 |
| Schifano, F | 1 |
| D'Offizi, S | 1 |
| Piccione, M | 1 |
| Corazza, O | 1 |
| Deluca, P | 1 |
| Davey, Z | 1 |
| Di Melchiorre, G | 1 |
| Di Furia, L | 1 |
| Farré, M | 1 |
| Flesland, L | 1 |
| Mannonen, M | 1 |
| Majava, A | 1 |
| Pagani, S | 1 |
| Peltoniemi, T | 1 |
| Siemann, H | 1 |
| Skutle, A | 1 |
| Torrens, M | 1 |
| Pezzolesi, C | 1 |
| van der Kreeft, P | 1 |
| Scherbaum, N | 1 |
| Eiden, C | 1 |
| Capdevielle, D | 1 |
| Deddouche, C | 1 |
| Boulenger, JP | 1 |
| Blayac, JP | 1 |
| Peyrière, H | 1 |
| Nordmann, S | 1 |
| Pourcel, L | 1 |
| Sciortino, V | 1 |
| Quaglio, G | 1 |
| Pattaro, C | 1 |
| Gerra, G | 1 |
| Mathewson, S | 1 |
| Verbanck, P | 1 |
| Des Jarlais, DC | 1 |
| Lugoboni, F | 1 |
| Storhaug, LW | 1 |
| Hjelmeland, K | 1 |
| Lerner, AG | 1 |
| Gelkopf, M | 2 |
| Skladman, I | 1 |
| Rudinski, D | 1 |
| Nachshon, H | 1 |
| Bleich, A | 2 |
| Weizman, T | 1 |
| Melamed, Y | 1 |
| Adelson, M | 1 |
| Haddox, JD | 1 |
| Carrig, B | 1 |
| Mowla, A | 1 |
| Firoozabadi, A | 1 |
| Borhani Haghighi, A | 1 |
| Sahraian, A | 1 |
| Keränen, T | 1 |
| Sivenius, J | 1 |
| Berigan, TR | 1 |
| Harazin, J | 1 |
| Williams, HL | 1 |
| Trudeau, DL | 1 |
| Sodeyama, N | 1 |
| Orimo, S | 1 |
| Okiyama, R | 1 |
| Arai, M | 1 |
| Tamaki, M | 1 |
| Sullivan, M | 1 |
| Toshima, M | 1 |
| Lynn, P | 1 |
| Roy-Byrne, P | 1 |
| Schenck, CH | 1 |
| Mahowald, MW | 1 |
| Löscher, W | 1 |
| Rundfeldt, C | 1 |
| Hönack, D | 1 |
| Ebert, U | 1 |
| Charney, DA | 1 |
| Paraherakis, AM | 1 |
| Gill, KJ | 1 |
| Smith, MA | 1 |
| Stoops, WW | 1 |
| Browne, TR | 1 |
| Pinder, RM | 1 |
| Brogden, RN | 1 |
| Speight, TM | 1 |
| Avery, GS | 1 |
| Mazzini, L | 1 |
| Galante, M | 1 |
| Rezzonico, M | 1 |
| Kokodoko, A | 1 |
| Miller, LG | 1 |
| McElroy, SL | 1 |
| Keck, PE | 1 |
| Lawrence, JM | 1 |
| Rosenbaum, JF | 1 |
| Patterson, JF | 1 |
| Albeck, JH | 1 |
| Scherkl, R | 2 |
| Frey, HH | 2 |
| Scheuler, W | 1 |
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A Prospective Study on the Treatment of Burning Mouth Syndrome With Integration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) and Western Medicine Based on TCM Syndrome Differentiation[NCT04189367] | Phase 3 | 80 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2020-06-20 | Not yet recruiting | ||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
5 reviews available for clonazepam and Chemical Dependence
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
[Abuse of alcohol and benzodiazepine during substitution therapy in heroin addicts: a review of the literature].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alcoholism; Benzodiazepines; Buprenorphine; Clonazepam; Clorazepate Dipotassium; | 2009 |
Clonazepam for refractory headache: three cases illustrative of benefit and risk.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety Disorders; Clonazepam; Comorbidity; Depressive Disorder; Drug Tolerance; Female; GABA | 2010 |
Clonazepam. A review of a new anticonvulsant drug.
Topics: Adult; Benzodiazepinones; Brain; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Child; Clonazepam; Diazepam; Drug To | 1976 |
Chronic benzodiazepine administration: from the patient to the gene.
Topics: Alprazolam; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Clonazepam; Down-Regulation; Drug Tolerance; Flumazenil; Human | 1991 |
Withdrawal and detoxification from benzodiazepine dependence: a potential role for clonazepam.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alprazolam; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Clonazepam; Diazepam; Drug Tolerance; Huma | 1987 |
5 trials available for clonazepam and Chemical Dependence
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
High dose benzodiazepine dependence: description of 29 patients treated with flumazenil infusion and stabilised with clonazepam.
Topics: Adult; Antidepressive Agents; Benzodiazepines; Clonazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Flumaz | 2012 |
Clonazepam treatment of lysergic acid diethylamide-induced hallucinogen persisting perception disorder with anxiety features.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anxiety; Clonazepam; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; GABA Modulators; Hallu | 2003 |
Treatment of benzodiazepine dependence in methadone maintenance treatment patients: a comparison of two therapeutic modalities and the role of psychiatric comorbidity.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Chi-Square Distribution; Clonazepam; Comorbidity; Female; H | 2003 |
Phenobarbital versus clonazepam for sedative-hypnotic taper in chronic pain patients. A pilot study.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety Disorders; Chronic Disease; Clonazepam; Double-Blind Method; Female; Hospitalization; | 1993 |
Long-term, nightly benzodiazepine treatment of injurious parasomnias and other disorders of disrupted nocturnal sleep in 170 adults.
Topics: Adult; Alprazolam; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Chronic Disease; Clonazepam; Drug Administration Schedule; F | 1996 |
36 other studies available for clonazepam and Chemical Dependence
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
New benzodiazepine and Z-hypnotic users and disability pension: an eight-year nationwide observational follow-up study.
Topics: Adult; Benzodiazepines; Clonazepam; Diazepam; Disabled Persons; Drug Prescriptions; Female; Follow-U | 2017 |
Therapeutic challenges in comorbid obsessive compulsive disorder with substance use.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Clonazepam; Clonidine; Combined Modality Therapy; Fluoxetine; | 2018 |
Severe Chronic Abuse of Zolpidem in Refractory Insomnia.
Topics: Aged; Anticonvulsants; Chronic Disease; Clonazepam; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Levetiracetam; | 2018 |
A case of zolpidem dependence with extremely high daily doses.
Topics: Clonazepam; GABA Modulators; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Irritable Mood; Male; Middle Aged; Sle | 2019 |
How often do false-positive phencyclidine urine screens occur with use of common medications?
Topics: Alprazolam; Carbazoles; Carvedilol; Clonazepam; Dextromethorphan; Diphenhydramine; Drug Interactions | 2013 |
Effects of tramadol, clonazepam, and their combination on brain mitochondrial complexes.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Clonazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Electron Tr | 2015 |
Detection Times of Diazepam, Clonazepam, and Alprazolam in Oral Fluid Collected From Patients Admitted to Detoxification, After High and Repeated Drug Intake.
Topics: Adult; Alprazolam; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Clonazepam; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Male; | 2015 |
Does melissa officinalis cause withdrawal or dependence?
Topics: Adult; Clonazepam; Humans; Male; Melissa; Plants, Medicinal; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substanc | 2015 |
Comparison of drugs used by nightclub patrons and criminal offenders in Oslo, Norway.
Topics: Adult; Amphetamines; Cannabinoids; Clonazepam; Cohort Studies; Criminals; Female; Forensic Medicine; | 2016 |
Not your regular high: cardiac dysrhythmias caused by loperamide.
Topics: Alcoholism; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Benzodiazepines; Blood Pressure; Calcium; Central Nervous System; | 2016 |
Disproportionality Analysis for the Assessment of Abuse and Dependence Potential of Pregabalin in the French Pharmacovigilance Database.
Topics: Adult; Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; Aged; Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents, Tricycli | 2016 |
Evaluation of a new ELISA kit for the detection of benzodiazepines in meconium.
Topics: Benzodiazepines; Calibration; Clonazepam; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Humans; Hypnoti | 2009 |
Dependence on quetiapine in combination with zolpidem and clonazepam in bipolar depression.
Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Bipolar Disorder; Clonazepam; Dibenzothiazepines; Female; Humans; Hypnotics an | 2009 |
Estimation of clonazepam abuse liability: a new method using a reimbursed drug database.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Child; Child, Preschool; Clonazepam; Databases, Factual; | 2009 |
A case of severe toluene withdrawal syndrome treated with clonazepam.
Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Anticonvulsants; Clonazepam; Humans; Male; Severity of Illness Index; Su | 2010 |
Evidence of clonazepam abuse liability: results of the tools developed by the French Centers for Evaluation and Information on Pharmacodependence (CEIP) network.
Topics: Behavior, Addictive; Benzodiazepines; Clonazepam; Data Collection; Databases, Factual; Drug Prescrip | 2011 |
Is there a recreational misuse potential for pregabalin? Analysis of anecdotal online reports in comparison with related gabapentin and clonazepam data.
Topics: Amines; Anticonvulsants; Clonazepam; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Dose-Resp | 2011 |
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome-like reaction precipitated by antipsychotics in a patient with gamma-butyrolactone withdrawal.
Topics: 4-Butyrolactone; Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Clonazepam; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Evaluation, | 2011 |
Monitoring of benzodiazepine diversion using a multi-indicator approach.
Topics: Benzodiazepines; Clonazepam; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data Collection; Databases, Factual; Diazepam; | 2011 |
Prolonged excretion of 7-aminoclonazepam in urine after repeated ingestion of clonazepam: a case report.
Topics: Adult; Chromatography, Liquid; Clonazepam; Female; Forensic Toxicology; GABA Modulators; Heroin Depe | 2012 |
Commentary on: Burrows DL, Hagardorn AN, Harlan GC, Wallen EDB, Ferslew KE. A fatal drug interaction between oxycodone and clonazepam. J Forensic Sci 2003;48(3):683-86.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Anticonvulsants; Clonazepam; Drug Interactions; Humans; Oxycodone; Substance-Rel | 2004 |
Megadose clonazepam dependence: a case report.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Borderline Personality Disorder; Carbamazepine; Clonazepam; Dose-Response Re | 2007 |
Side effects of carbamazepine, valproate and clonazepam during long-term treatment of epilepsy.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Arousal; Benzodiazepinones; Carbamazepine; Chemical and Drug Induced Li | 1983 |
Use of flumazenil in conjunction with electroconvulsive therapy.
Topics: Adult; Clonazepam; Depressive Disorder; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Female; Flumazenil; Humans; Subst | 1995 |
Clonazepam prescribing patterns and abuse by methadone patients in a medical center setting.
Topics: Clonazepam; Drug Prescriptions; Health Promotion; Humans; Methadone; Substance Abuse Treatment Cente | 1994 |
[A case of chronic thinner intoxication developing hyperkinésie volitionnelle three years after stopping thinner abuse].
Topics: Adult; Brain; Chronic Disease; Clonazepam; Humans; Hyperkinesis; Male; Substance-Related Disorders; | 1993 |
Long-term studies on anticonvulsant tolerance and withdrawal characteristics of benzodiazepine receptor ligands in different seizure models in mice. I. Comparison of diazepam, clonazepam, clobazam and abecarnil.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Benzodiazepinones; Carbolines; Cloba | 1996 |
The treatment of sedative-hypnotic dependence: evaluating clinical predictors of outcome.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Benzodiazepines; Clonazepam; Combined Modality Therapy; Comorbidity; Diazepam; Dr | 2000 |
Sensitivity to the effects of sedative-hypnotics on motor performance: influence of task difficulty and chronic phenobarbital administration.
Topics: Amobarbital; Animals; Clonazepam; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Dru | 2001 |
Clonazepam: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in epilepsy.
Topics: Absorption; Animals; Antitussive Agents; Benzodiazepinones; Brain; Cats; Clonazepam; Drug Interactio | 1976 |
Methylbromide intoxication: a case report.
Topics: Adult; Carbidopa; Clonazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electroencephalography; Epilepsies, Myoclon | 1992 |
Treatment of panic disorder and benzodiazepine withdrawal with valproate.
Topics: Adult; Agoraphobia; Clonazepam; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Male; Panic Diso | 1991 |
Switching patients from alprazolam to clonazepam.
Topics: Agoraphobia; Alprazolam; Anxiety Disorders; Clonazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Admin | 1990 |
Withdrawal from alprazolam dependency using clonazepam: clinical observations.
Topics: Alprazolam; Ambulatory Care; Clonazepam; Hospitalization; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Stress Disorder | 1990 |
Physical dependence on clonazepam in dogs.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepinones; Body Temperature; Body Weight; Clonazepam; Dogs; Female; Flumazenil; Mal | 1986 |
Anticonvulsant effect of clonazepam in the dog: development of tolerance and physical dependence.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepinones; Clonazepam; Dogs; Drug Tolerance; Electroencephalograph | 1985 |