Compounds > clofazimine
Page last updated: 2024-10-25

clofazimine and HIV Coinfection

clofazimine has been researched along with HIV Coinfection in 15 studies

Clofazimine: A fat-soluble riminophenazine dye used for the treatment of leprosy. It has been used investigationally in combination with other antimycobacterial drugs to treat Mycobacterium avium infections in AIDS patients. Clofazimine also has a marked anti-inflammatory effect and is given to control the leprosy reaction, erythema nodosum leprosum. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p1619)
clofazimine : 3-Isopropylimino-3,5-dihydro-phenazine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is substituted substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group, and that at position 2 is substituted by a (4-chlorophenyl)amino group. A dark red crystalline solid, clofazimine is an antimycobacterial and is one of the main drugs used for the treatment of multi-bacillary leprosy. However, it can cause red/brown discolouration of the skin, so other treatments are often preferred in light-skinned patients.

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"We evaluated the efficacy, pharmacokinetics (PK), and safety of clofazimine (CFZ) in patients living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with cryptosporidiosis."9.41Clofazimine for Treatment of Cryptosporidiosis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Adults: An Experimental Medicine, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase 2a Trial. ( Arnold, SLM; Barrett, LK; Chen, CR; Conrad, TM; Douglas, E; Gordon, MA; Hebert, D; Henrion, M; Hermann, D; Hollingsworth, B; Houpt, E; Iroh Tam, P; Jere, KC; Lindblad, R; Love, MS; Makhaza, L; McNamara, CW; Nedi, W; Nyirenda, J; Operario, DJ; Phulusa, J; Quinnan, GV; Sawyer, LA; Thole, H; Toto, N; Van Voorhis, WC; Winter, A, 2021)
"We evaluated the efficacy, pharmacokinetics (PK), and safety of clofazimine (CFZ) in patients living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with cryptosporidiosis."5.41Clofazimine for Treatment of Cryptosporidiosis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Adults: An Experimental Medicine, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase 2a Trial. ( Arnold, SLM; Barrett, LK; Chen, CR; Conrad, TM; Douglas, E; Gordon, MA; Hebert, D; Henrion, M; Hermann, D; Hollingsworth, B; Houpt, E; Iroh Tam, P; Jere, KC; Lindblad, R; Love, MS; Makhaza, L; McNamara, CW; Nedi, W; Nyirenda, J; Operario, DJ; Phulusa, J; Quinnan, GV; Sawyer, LA; Thole, H; Toto, N; Van Voorhis, WC; Winter, A, 2021)
"Clofazimine was associated with improved culture conversion in the treatment of XDR-TB/HIV."5.40Clofazimine in the treatment of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis with HIV coinfection in South Africa: a retrospective cohort study. ( Gopal, M; Master, I; Naidoo, K; Naidoo, R; O'Donnell, MR; Padayatchi, N; Werner, L, 2014)
"Large studies on bedaquiline used to treat multidrug-resistant (MDR-) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) are lacking."3.85Effectiveness and safety of bedaquiline-containing regimens in the treatment of MDR- and XDR-TB: a multicentre study. ( Akkerman, O; Aleksa, A; Alffenaar, JW; Amale, R; Artsukevich, J; Belilovski, E; Borisov, SE; Bruchfeld, J; Caminero, JA; Carpena Martinez, I; Centis, R; Codecasa, L; D'Ambrosio, L; Dalcolmo, M; Davies Forsman, L; Denholm, J; Dheda, K; Douglas, P; Duarte, R; Enwerem, M; Esmail, A; Fadul, M; Filippov, A; Gaga, M; Ganatra, S; Garcia-Fuertes, JA; García-García, JM; González Montaner, P; Gualano, G; Jonsson, J; Kunst, H; Lau, JS; Lazaro Mastrapa, B; Manga, S; Manika, K; Maryandyshev, A; Migliori, GB; Mullerpattan, J; Oelofse, S; Ortelli, M; Palmero, DJ; Palmieri, F; Papalia, A; Papavasileiou, A; Payen, MC; Pontali, E; Robalo Cordeiro, C; Romero Leyet, R; Saderi, L; Sadutshang, TD; Sanukevich, T; Skrahina, A; Solodovnikova, V; Sotgiu, G; Spanevello, A; Teran Troya, JL; Tiberi, S; Topgyal, S; Toscanini, F; Tramontana, AR; Udwadia, ZF; Viggiani, P; White, V; Zumla, A, 2017)
"Clofazimine was associated with improved culture conversion in the treatment of XDR-TB/HIV."1.40Clofazimine in the treatment of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis with HIV coinfection in South Africa: a retrospective cohort study. ( Gopal, M; Master, I; Naidoo, K; Naidoo, R; O'Donnell, MR; Padayatchi, N; Werner, L, 2014)

Research

Studies (15)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-19901 (6.67)18.7374
1990's3 (20.00)18.2507
2000's1 (6.67)29.6817
2010's8 (53.33)24.3611
2020's2 (13.33)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Iroh Tam, P1
Arnold, SLM1
Barrett, LK1
Chen, CR1
Conrad, TM1
Douglas, E1
Gordon, MA1
Hebert, D1
Henrion, M1
Hermann, D1
Hollingsworth, B1
Houpt, E1
Jere, KC1
Lindblad, R1
Love, MS1
Makhaza, L1
McNamara, CW1
Nedi, W1
Nyirenda, J1
Operario, DJ1
Phulusa, J1
Quinnan, GV1
Sawyer, LA1
Thole, H1
Toto, N1
Winter, A1
Van Voorhis, WC1
Huston, CD1
Borisov, SE1
Dheda, K1
Enwerem, M2
Romero Leyet, R1
D'Ambrosio, L1
Centis, R1
Sotgiu, G1
Tiberi, S1
Alffenaar, JW1
Maryandyshev, A1
Belilovski, E1
Ganatra, S1
Skrahina, A1
Akkerman, O1
Aleksa, A1
Amale, R1
Artsukevich, J1
Bruchfeld, J1
Caminero, JA1
Carpena Martinez, I1
Codecasa, L1
Dalcolmo, M1
Denholm, J1
Douglas, P1
Duarte, R1
Esmail, A1
Fadul, M1
Filippov, A1
Davies Forsman, L1
Gaga, M1
Garcia-Fuertes, JA1
García-García, JM1
Gualano, G1
Jonsson, J1
Kunst, H1
Lau, JS1
Lazaro Mastrapa, B1
Teran Troya, JL1
Manga, S1
Manika, K1
González Montaner, P1
Mullerpattan, J1
Oelofse, S1
Ortelli, M1
Palmero, DJ1
Palmieri, F1
Papalia, A1
Papavasileiou, A1
Payen, MC1
Pontali, E1
Robalo Cordeiro, C1
Saderi, L1
Sadutshang, TD1
Sanukevich, T1
Solodovnikova, V1
Spanevello, A1
Topgyal, S1
Toscanini, F1
Tramontana, AR1
Udwadia, ZF1
Viggiani, P1
White, V1
Zumla, A1
Migliori, GB1
Ndjeka, N1
Schnippel, K1
Master, I2
Meintjes, G1
Maartens, G1
Romero, R1
Padanilam, X2
Chotoo, S1
Singh, N1
Hughes, J1
Variava, E1
Ferreira, H1
Te Riele, J1
Ismail, N1
Mohr, E1
Bantubani, N1
Conradie, F1
Nkurunziza, J1
Karstaedt, AS1
Louw, R1
Padayatchi, N1
Gopal, M1
Naidoo, R1
Werner, L1
Naidoo, K1
O'Donnell, MR1
Piubello, A1
Harouna, SH1
Souleymane, MB1
Boukary, I1
Morou, S1
Daouda, M1
Hanki, Y1
Van Deun, A1
Diacon, AH1
Dawson, R1
von Groote-Bidlingmaier, F1
Symons, G1
Venter, A1
Donald, PR1
van Niekerk, C1
Everitt, D1
Hutchings, J1
Burger, DA1
Schall, R1
Mendel, CM1
Markowitz, N1
Agarwal, U1
Baxa, D1
Grosset, J1
Vernon, A1
Biswas, SK1
Krop, LC1
Johnson, DP1
Fisher, M1
Tomlinson, DR1
Coker, RJ1
Gallais, V1
Lacour, JP1
Ortonne, JP1
Zhang, X1
Langford, A1
Gelderblom, H1
Reichart, P1

Clinical Trials (4)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
A Phase 2A, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Evaluation of the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy of Clofazimine (CFZ) in Cryptosporidiosis[NCT03341767]Phase 233 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-12-14Terminated (stopped due to Insufficient accrual rate)
Culture Free Diagnosis and Follow-up of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis Patients[NCT03303963]3,356 participants (Actual)Observational2017-05-04Completed
A Phase 2 Trial to Evaluate the Early Bactericidal Activity, Safety and Tolerability of the Following: TMC207 Plus PA-824 Plus Pyrazinamide Plus Clofazimine, TMC207 Plus PA-824 Plus Pyrazinamide, TMC207 Plus PA-824 Plus Clofazimine Alone, TMC207 Plus Pyra[NCT01691534]Phase 2105 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-10-31Completed
An Open Label, Randomized Controlled Trial to Establish the Efficacy and Safety of a Study Strategy Consisting of 6 Months of Bedaquiline (BDQ), Delamanid (DLM), and Linezolid (LNZ), With Levofloxacin (LVX) and Clofazimine (CFZ) Compared to the Current So[NCT04062201]Phase 3402 participants (Actual)Interventional2019-08-22Active, not recruiting
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

Early Bactericidal Activity (EBA) Measured as the Daily Rate of Change in log10 CFUs (Colony Forming Units) of M. Tuberculosis in Sputum on Solid Media (Days 0-14).

(NCT01691534)
Timeframe: 14 consecutive days of treatment

Interventionlog10CFU/ml/day (Mean)
TMC207, PA-824, Pyrazinamide and Clofazimine (J-PA-Z-C)0.115
TMC207, PA-824 and Pyrazinamide (J-PA-Z)0.167
TMC207, PA-824 and Clofazimine (J-PA-C)0.076
TMC207, Pyrazinamide and Clofazimine (J-Z-C)0.124
Pyrazinamide (Z)0.036
Clofazimine (C)-0.017
Rifafour0.151

EBA Expressed as the Daily Percentage Change in Time to Positive (TTP) Signal in Liquid Culture for M. Tuberculosis (Days 0-14)

(NCT01691534)
Timeframe: Days 0-14

Interventionpercentage of change in time/day (Mean)
TMC207, PA-824, Pyrazinamide and Clofazimine (J-PA-Z-C)6.3
TMC207, PA-824 and Pyrazinamide (J-PA-Z)7.0
TMC207, PA-824 and Clofazimine (J-PA-C)4.3
TMC207, Pyrazinamide and Clofazimine (J-Z-C)4.9
Pyrazinamide (Z)2.0
Clofazimine (C)-0.3
Rifafour6.3

EBA Expressed as the Daily Percentage Change in TTP Signal in Liquid Culture for M. Tuberculosis (Day 0-2)

(NCT01691534)
Timeframe: Day 0-2

Interventionpercentage of change in time/day (Mean)
TMC207, PA-824, Pyrazinamide and Clofazimine (J-PA-Z-C)10.6
TMC207, PA-824 and Pyrazinamide (J-PA-Z)13.2
TMC207, PA-824 and Clofazimine (J-PA-C)6.0
TMC207, Pyrazinamide and Clofazimine (J-Z-C)9.1
Pyrazinamide (Z)4.7
Clofazimine (C)2.1
Rifafour12.9

EBA Expressed as the Daily Percentage Change in TTP Signal in Liquid Culture for M. Tuberculosis (Days 7-14)

(NCT01691534)
Timeframe: Days 7-14

Interventionpercentage of change in time/day (Mean)
TMC207, PA-824, Pyrazinamide and Clofazimine (J-PA-Z-C)3.6
TMC207, PA-824 and Pyrazinamide (J-PA-Z)4.5
TMC207, PA-824 and Clofazimine (J-PA-C)3.1
TMC207, Pyrazinamide and Clofazimine (J-Z-C)3.0
Pyrazinamide (Z)0.8
Clofazimine (C)-1.3
Rifafour4.4

EBA Measured as the Daily Rate of Change in log10 CFUs of M. Tuberculosis in Sputum on Solid Media (Days 0-2)

(NCT01691534)
Timeframe: Days 0-2

Interventionlog10CFU/ml/day (Mean)
TMC207, PA-824, Pyrazinamide and Clofazimine (J-PA-Z-C)0.161
TMC207, PA-824 and Pyrazinamide (J-PA-Z)0.196
TMC207, PA-824 and Clofazimine (J-PA-C)0.062
TMC207, Pyrazinamide and Clofazimine (J-Z-C)0.132
Pyrazinamide (Z)0.080
Clofazimine (C)0.018
Rifafour0.141

EBA Measured as the Daily Rate of Change in log10 CFUs of M. Tuberculosis in Sputum on Solid Media (Days 7-14)

(NCT01691534)
Timeframe: Day 7-14

Interventionlog10CFU/ml/day (Mean)
TMC207, PA-824, Pyrazinamide and Clofazimine (J-PA-Z-C)0.085
TMC207, PA-824 and Pyrazinamide (J-PA-Z)0.146
TMC207, PA-824 and Clofazimine (J-PA-C)0.085
TMC207, Pyrazinamide and Clofazimine (J-Z-C)0.118
Pyrazinamide (Z)0.022
Clofazimine (C)-0.038
Rifafour0.157

Reviews

1 review available for clofazimine and HIV Coinfection

ArticleYear
[Cutaneous pigmentation disorders in human immunodeficiency virus infection].
    Annales de dermatologie et de venereologie, 1992, Volume: 119, Issue:6-7

    Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adrenal Insufficiency; Antiviral Agents; Bleomycin; Clofazimine;

1992

Trials

2 trials available for clofazimine and HIV Coinfection

ArticleYear
Clofazimine for Treatment of Cryptosporidiosis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Adults: An Experimental Medicine, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase 2a Trial.
    Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2021, 07-15, Volume: 73, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Biomedical Research; Clofazimine; Cryptosporidiosis; Cryptosporidium; Diarrhea; HIV; HIV Infe

2021
Bactericidal activity of pyrazinamide and clofazimine alone and in combinations with pretomanid and bedaquiline.
    American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2015, Apr-15, Volume: 191, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Antitubercular Agents; Clofazimine; Diarylquinolines; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; HIV

2015
Bactericidal activity of pyrazinamide and clofazimine alone and in combinations with pretomanid and bedaquiline.
    American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2015, Apr-15, Volume: 191, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Antitubercular Agents; Clofazimine; Diarylquinolines; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; HIV

2015
Bactericidal activity of pyrazinamide and clofazimine alone and in combinations with pretomanid and bedaquiline.
    American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2015, Apr-15, Volume: 191, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Antitubercular Agents; Clofazimine; Diarylquinolines; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; HIV

2015
Bactericidal activity of pyrazinamide and clofazimine alone and in combinations with pretomanid and bedaquiline.
    American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2015, Apr-15, Volume: 191, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Antitubercular Agents; Clofazimine; Diarylquinolines; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; HIV

2015

Other Studies

12 other studies available for clofazimine and HIV Coinfection

ArticleYear
The Clofazimine for Treatment of Cryptosporidiosis in HIV-Infected Adults (CRYPTOFAZ) and Lessons Learned for Anticryptosporidial Drug Development.
    Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2021, 07-15, Volume: 73, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Clofazimine; Cryptosporidiosis; Diarrhea; Drug Development; HIV Infections; Humans

2021
Effectiveness and safety of bedaquiline-containing regimens in the treatment of MDR- and XDR-TB: a multicentre study.
    The European respiratory journal, 2017, Volume: 49, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Antitubercular Agents; Carbapenems; Clofazimine; Cohort Studies; Diarylquinolines; Drug Thera

2017
High treatment success rate for multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis using a bedaquiline-containing treatment regimen.
    The European respiratory journal, 2018, Volume: 52, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Antitubercular Agents; Clofazimine; Diarylquinolines; Drug Resistance, Bacte

2018
Treatment outcomes of pre- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in Johannesburg, South Africa.
    The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2018, 12-01, Volume: 22, Issue:12

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antitubercular Agents; Clofazimine; Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis; Fema

2018
Clofazimine in the treatment of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis with HIV coinfection in South Africa: a retrospective cohort study.
    The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2014, Volume: 69, Issue:11

    Topics: Adult; Antitubercular Agents; Clofazimine; Cohort Studies; Coinfection; Extensively Drug-Resistant T

2014
High cure rate with standardised short-course multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment in Niger: no relapses.
    The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2014, Volume: 18, Issue:10

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Clofazimine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug

2014
Hypothesis: Can clofazimine prevent IRIS in HIV/TB co-infected individuals?
    The Indian journal of tuberculosis, 2014, Volume: 61, Issue:4

    Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Antitubercular Agents; Clofazimine; Coinfection; H

2014
A reader's guide to the bactericidal activity of pyrazinamide and clofazimine alone and in combinations with pretomanid and bedaquiline.
    American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2015, Apr-15, Volume: 191, Issue:8

    Topics: Clofazimine; Diarylquinolines; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Nitroimidazoles; Pyrazinamide;

2015
Chemotherapy of leprosy.
    Journal of the Indian Medical Association, 2004, Volume: 102, Issue:12

    Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Clofazimine; Dapsone; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Dr

2004
Cutaneous disease and drug reactions in HIV infection.
    The New England journal of medicine, 1993, Nov-18, Volume: 329, Issue:21

    Topics: Clofazimine; Drug Eruptions; HIV Infections; Humans; Pigmentation Disorders; Skin Diseases

1993
The management of mycobacterial infections in HIV seropositive individuals. Jefferiss Wing Therapeutics and Protocols Group.
    International journal of STD & AIDS, 1996, Volume: 7, Issue:4

    Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Amikacin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Antibiotics, Antitu

1996
Ultrastructural findings in oral hyperpigmentation of HIV-infected patients.
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology, 1989, Volume: 18, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Cheek; Clofazimine; Female; Gingival Diseases; HIV Infections; Humans; Ketoconazole; Male; Me

1989