ciprofloxacin and Infections, Staphylococcal studies

Ciprofloxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline.
ciprofloxacin : A quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one bearing cyclopropyl, carboxylic acid, fluoro and piperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, respectively.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"Levofloxacin is a synthetic fluoroquinolone that is usually used to treat chronic bacterial prostatitis."	9.16	Safety and efficacy of levofloxacin versus ciprofloxacin for the treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis in Chinese patients. ( Guo, YL; Jin, FS; Liu, DM; Shen, ZJ; Sun, YH; Zhang, ZC, 2012)
"To evaluate the clinical efficacy of a rifampin combination in staphylococcal infections associated with stable orthopedic devices."	9.08	Role of rifampin for treatment of orthopedic implant-related staphylococcal infections: a randomized controlled trial. Foreign-Body Infection (FBI) Study Group. ( Blatter, M; Frei, R; Ochsner, PE; Widmer, AF; Zimmerli, W, 1998)
"The clinical efficacy and tolerability of ciprofloxacin orally administered at the dosage of 250 mg twice a day was evaluated in 25 patients affected by acute bacterial pharyngotonsillitis."	9.06	Oral ciprofloxacin for treatment of acute bacterial pharyngotonsillitis. ( D'Errico, G; Esposito, S; Montanaro, C, 1990)
"The clinical and bacteriological efficacy of ciprofloxacin was studied in three groups composed of 20 patients each, all of whom were affected by chronic otitis media in the acute stage."	9.06	Topical and oral treatment of chronic otitis media with ciprofloxacin. A preliminary study. ( D'Errico, G; Esposito, S; Montanaro, C, 1990)
"Two single-dose regimens of ciprofloxacin, 100 and 250 mg, were compared in the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections in women."	9.06	Single-dose ciprofloxacin at 100 versus 250 mg for treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections in women. ( Flepp, M; Garlando, F; Lüthy, R; Meier, B; Rietiker, S; Täuber, MG, 1987)
"Twenty-nine adult patients with cystic fibrosis who had chronic bronchopulmonary infection were randomly assigned to receive 750 or 1,000 mg of oral ciprofloxacin every 12 hours for two weeks."	9.06	Randomized study of two dosage regimens of ciprofloxacin for treating chronic bronchopulmonary infection in patients with cystic fibrosis. ( Chartrand, SA; Hilman, BC; Marks, MI; Shalit, I; Stutman, HR, 1987)
"Literature searches were made in Medline and Pubmed using the search terms [Pseudomonas] or [Staphylococcus] and [fluoroquinolone] or [cephalosporin] or [gentamicin] and [keratitis] or [cornea]."	8.87	Review of resistance of ocular isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococci from keratitis to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and cephalosporins. ( Willcox, MD, 2011)
"To evaluate the impact of cessation of ciprofloxacin prophylaxis during stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma."	7.91	Ciprofloxacin prophylaxis during autologous stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma in patients with a high rate of fluoroquinolone-resistant gram-negative bacteria colonization. ( Gabalec, F; Paterova, P; Radocha, J; Zak, P; Zavrelova, A, 2019)
" As far as we know, this is the first case of near-drowning-associated pneumonia with bacteremia caused by coinfection with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and Edwardsiella tarda in a healthy patient."	7.83	Near-drowning-associated pneumonia with bacteremia caused by coinfection with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and Edwardsiella tarda in a healthy white man: a case report. ( Cavallaro, MC; Chehter, N; Del Nero, LG; Marta, GN; Zambon, LS, 2016)
"This article reports on comparative in vitro characterization and in vivo evaluation of pre-formed cellulose-based gels, methylcellulose (MC) and carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC) and in situ gel-forming Pluronic F127 (PL) for ocular delivery of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (Cipro) by using a bacterial keratitis model and histological corneal examination."	7.81	Comparative studies for ciprofloxacin hydrochloride pre-formed gels and thermally triggered (in situ) gels: in vitro and in vivo appraisal using a bacterial keratitis model in rabbits. ( Abdelkader, H; Mansour, HF, 2015)
"The purpose of this study was to analyze ciprofloxacin and lomefloxacin penetration into the anterior eye tissues after topical instillation in healthy rabbits and with experimental Staphylococcus aureus endophthalmitis."	7.80	Effect of diclofenac on ocular levels of ciprofloxacin and lomefloxacin in rabbits with endophthalmitis. ( Haritova, AM; Krustev, SZ; Rusenova, NV, 2014)
" Daptomycin shows a high efficacy against CNS, and it could be useful for the treatment of primary bacteremia or catheter associated bacteremia."	7.77	Activity of vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, daptomycin, and linezolid against coagulase-negative staphylococci bacteremia. ( Fajardo Olivares, M; Hidalgo Orozco, R; Robles Marcos, M; Rodríguez Garrido, S; Rodríguez-Vidigal, FF; Vera Tomé, A, 2011)
" aureus keratitis, following the treatments, the median number of CFU of recoverable bacteria for chlorhexidine (n = 10), ciprofloxacin (n = 12), tobramycin/cefazolin (n = 12), and controls (n = 10) was 1."	7.74	A comparison of topical chlorhexidine, ciprofloxacin, and fortified tobramycin/cefazolin in rabbit models of Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas keratitis. ( Bouchard, CS; Bu, P; Carey, R; Riske, PS; Zaya, NE, 2007)
"Ciprofloxacin (CFX) implants containing poly(D,L-lactide) and calcium phosphates (tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite) was evaluated in 50 rabbits in an experimental osteomyelitis model."	7.74	Efficacy of ciprofloxacin implants in treating experimental osteomyelitis. ( Alvarez, H; Castro, C; Delgado, A; Evora, C; Moujir, L; Perera, A; Sánchez, E; Soriano, I, 2008)
"Both moxifloxacin and ciprofloxacin performed significantly better than control in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis (P=0."	7.73	Comparative efficacy of topical moxifloxacin versus ciprofloxacin and vancomycin in the treatment of P. aeruginosa and ciprofloxacin-resistant MRSA keratitis in rabbits. ( Aliprandis, E; Ciralsky, J; Herling, I; Katz, HR; Lai, H, 2005)
"Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an increasing problem for patients with cystic fibrosis (CF)."	7.73	Risk factors for acquisition of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by patients with cystic fibrosis. ( Conway, SP; Denton, M; Nadesalingam, K, 2005)
"Taurolidine is a broad-spectrum, non antibiotic antimicrobial agent, not previously tested against the common causes of bacterial keratitis."	7.73	Effectiveness of topical taurolidine versus ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and fortified cefazolin in a rabbit Staphylococcus aureus keratitis model. ( Gurkan, T; Oguz, E; Oguz, H; Ozbilge, H, 2005)
"Orbifloxacin tablets were administered orally to 23 dogs with superficial and/or deep staphylococcal pyoderma."	7.73	Efficacy of orbifloxacin tablets for the treatment of superficial and deep pyoderma due to Staphylococcus intermedius infection in dogs. ( Miller, WH; Peters, J; Scott, DW, 2006)
" In this study we investigate the emergence of fluoroquinolone (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin) resistance among methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus isolates from keratitis and conjunctivitis."	7.72	Ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin resistance among methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus isolates from keratitis and conjunctivitis. ( Alfonso, EC; Marangon, FB; Miller, D; Muallem, MS; Romano, AC, 2004)
"The purpose of this study was to quantitatively compare, in a rabbit keratitis model, the levels of effectiveness of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus isolates of diverse antibiotic susceptibilities."	7.72	Effectiveness of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, or moxifloxacin for treatment of experimental Staphylococcus aureus keratitis. ( Dajcs, JJ; Girgis, DO; Marquart, ME; O'Callaghan, RJ; Thibodeaux, BA; Traidej, M, 2004)
"3% ciprofloxacin in Staphylococcus aureus keratitis."	7.72	Clinical resistance of Staphylococcus keratitis to ciprofloxacin monotherapy. ( Garg, P; Rao, GN; Sharma, S; Sharma, V, 2004)
" This study, employing an experimental rabbit model of Staphylococcus keratitis, compared the effectiveness of two commonly prescribed formulations of fluoroquinolones to an experimental formulation, ciprofloxacin with polystyrene sulfonate (ciprofloxacin-PSS)."	7.70	Effectiveness of ciprofloxacin-polystyrene sulfonate (PSS), ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin in a Staphylococcus keratitis model. ( Engel, LS; Green, LC; Hill, JM; Moreau, JM; O'Callaghan, RJ, 1998)
"To assess the value of prophylactic ciprofloxacin in reducing the incidence of neutropenic fever in men receiving intensive chemotherapy for germ cell tumours, we reviewed the case notes of 88 consecutive patients treated between January 1986 and December 1992."	7.69	Chemotherapy for germ cell tumours: prophylactic ciprofloxacin reduces the incidence of neutropenic fever. ( Counsell, R; Pratt, J; Williams, MV, 1994)
"36%) tobramycin for the treatment of methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus keratitis during early and late stages of infection."	7.69	Ciprofloxacin versus tobramycin for the treatment of staphylococcal keratitis. ( Callegan, MC; Engel, LS; Hill, JM; O'Callaghan, RJ, 1994)
"We present the results of a protocol of empiric monotherapy of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)-related peritonitis with ciprofloxacin (CPX), with a special emphasis on the evolution of our results after seven years of continued use of this drug."	7.69	Treatment of CAPD-related peritonitis with ciprofloxacin: results after seven years. ( Bouza, P; García Falcón, T; López Vázquez, M; Pérez Fontán, M; Rodríguez-Carmona, A; Tresancos, C; Valdés, F, 1996)
" In a murine model of hematogenous pyelonephritis, the in vivo efficacies of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were evaluated against two methicillin-susceptible and two methicillin-resistant S."	7.69	In vivo efficacies of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in acute murine hematogenous pyelonephritis induced by methicillin-susceptible and-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. ( Barrett, JF; Frosco, MB; Kulwich, BA; Licata, L; Melton, JL; Stewart, FP, 1996)
"36% tobramycin in two experimental models of keratitis, using a methicillin-sensitive strain of Staphylococcus aureus and an aminoglycoside-sensitive strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively."	7.68	Topical ciprofloxacin versus topical fortified antibiotics in rabbit models of Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas keratitis. ( Cohen, KL; Lauffenburger, MD, 1993)
"After induction of experimental polymicrobic osteomyelitis with Staphylococcus epidermidis and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (ciprofloxacin MIC, 0."	7.68	Effect of ciprofloxacin on experimental osteomyelitis in the rabbit tibia, induced with a mixed infection of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. ( Gill, LR; Hossler, FE; Lambe, DW; Mayberry-Carson, KJ; Tober-Meyer, B, 1990)
"The efficacies of the quinolones ciprofloxacin and pefloxacin alone and in combination with rifampin were compared with those of vancomycin alone and in combination with rifampin in a rat model of chronic osteomyelitis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus."	7.68	Comparative efficacies of ciprofloxacin, pefloxacin, and vancomycin in combination with rifampin in a rat model of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus chronic osteomyelitis. ( Dworkin, R; Kunz, S; Modin, G; Rich, R; Sande, M; Zak, O, 1990)
"The use of ciprofloxacin for the treatment of pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis patients was investigated."	7.67	The use of ciprofloxacin in the treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis. ( Bakker, W; Mattie, H; van den Broek, PJ; van Gulpen, C, 1987)
"A rabbit model for Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis was used to compare the results of treatment with A-56619 and A-56620, two new aryl-fluoroquinolones, and nafcillin."	7.67	Comparative evaluation of A-56619, A-56620, and nafcillin in the treatment of experimental Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis. ( Adams, KR; Mader, JT; Morrison, LT, 1987)
"Therapy with vancomycin alone or ciprofloxacin alone did not significantly reduce the number of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in bone in rats with experimental osteomyelitis, compared with the number in control rats."	7.67	Treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus experimental osteomyelitis with ciprofloxacin or vancomycin alone or in combination with rifampin. ( Henry, NK; McConnell, ME; Rouse, MS; Whitesell, AL; Wilson, WR, 1987)
"Eumycetoma is a chronic progressive disabling and destructive inflammatory disease which is commonly caused by the fungus Madurella mycetomatis."	6.79	The combination of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and ketoconazole in the treatment of Madurella mycetomatis eumycetoma and Staphylococcus aureus co-infection. ( Fahal, AH; Mahgoub, el S; Mhmoud, NA; van de Sande, WW, 2014)
"Ciprofloxacin was given two hours after any phosphate binder or iron supplement."	6.69	Once-daily intraperitoneal cefazolin and oral ciprofloxacin as empiric therapy for the treatment of peritonitis. ( Finkelstein, F; Gorban-Brennan, N; Kliger, A; Troidle, L, 1999)
" The dosage was deduced from a pilot study and consisted of an intra-peritoneal loading dose during the first 24 hours."	6.67	Oral treatment of CAPD-peritonitis with ciprofloxacin. ( Arisz, L; Boeschoten, EW; Krediet, RT; Kuijper, EJ; Speelman, P; Struijk, DG, 1990)
"Staphylococcus aureus induced brain abscess is a critical health concern throughout the developing world."	5.62	Ciprofloxacin and dexamethasone in combination attenuate S. aureus induced brain abscess via neuroendocrine-immune interaction of TLR-2 and glucocorticoid receptor leading to behavioral improvement. ( Bishayi, B; Dey, R, 2021)
"Ciprofloxacin and celecoxib were used in combination to regulate S."	5.48	Combination treatment of celecoxib and ciprofloxacin attenuates live S. aureus induced oxidative damage and inflammation in murine microglia via regulation of cytokine balance. ( Bishayi, B; Dey, R; Sultana, S, 2018)
"Ciprofloxacin resistance has been reported in 4."	5.48	Treatment of Ciprofloxacin-resistant Ear Infections. ( Kim, SY; Martin, IW; Noonan, KY; Saunders, JE; Schwartzman, JD; Wong, LY, 2018)
"Osteomyelitis is a major problem worldwide and is devastating due to the potential for limb-threatening sequelae and mortality."	5.46	Design, Synthesis, and Antimicrobial Evaluation of a Novel Bone-Targeting Bisphosphonate-Ciprofloxacin Conjugate for the Treatment of Osteomyelitis Biofilms. ( Bakhshalian, N; Bartoszewicz, M; Ebetino, FH; Junka, AF; Lundy, MW; Mahabady, S; McKenna, CE; Neighbors, JD; Oleksy, M; Richard, E; Russell, RG; Sadrerafi, K; Sedghizadeh, PP; Sun, S; Szymczyk, P; Tjokro, N, 2017)
"After conjunctival necrosis, necrotizing scleritis progressed although topical and systemic steroids were discontinued."	5.37	Infectious scleritis after subtenon triamcinolone acetonide injection. ( Abrishami, M; Gharaee, H; Khalife, M; Poor, SS, 2011)
"Telavancin displays potent in vitro and in vivo activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), including strains with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin."	5.36	Comparative efficacies of human simulated exposures of telavancin and vancomycin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with a range of vancomycin MICs in a murine pneumonia model. ( Crandon, JL; Kuti, JL; Nicolau, DP, 2010)
"Lomefloxacin was found to have significant efficacy in the healing of Staphylococcus aureus-induced corneal ulcers and associated lesions."	5.30	Comparative studies on topical lomefloxacin and ciprofloxacin on ocular kinetic and experimental corneal ulcer. ( Agarwal, HC; Biswas, NR; Gupta, SK; Gupta, YK; Velpandian, T, 1999)
"Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic with broad spectrum bactericidal activity."	5.29	The effectiveness of two ciprofloxacin formulations for experimental Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus keratitis. ( Callegan, MC; Engel, LS; Folkens, AT; Hill, JM; O'Callaghan, RJ; Shimomura, Y, 1996)
"Pefloxacin (Pef) is a new quinolone which has been shown to have good in-vitro activity against Staphylococcus aureus, and to reach high tissue concentrations."	5.27	Comparative efficacy of pefloxacin and six other antimicrobial agents on Staphylococcus aureus experimental abscesses. ( Bouanchaud, DH; Huet, Y; Rolin, O, 1986)
" The dosage was 2 X 500 mg ciprofloxacin orally every 12 h for 7."	5.27	Is pelvic inflammatory disease an indication for treatment with ciprofloxacin? ( Chyský, V; Hägele, D, 1988)
"The osteomyelitis was secondary to trauma in 12 patients, joint replacement in six, previous acute hematogenous infection in two and osteotomy in one."	5.27	Treatment of chronic osteomyelitis with ciprofloxacin. ( Mulier, JC; Stuyck, J; Verbist, L, 1987)
"Ciprofloxacin has been studied extensively in discriminative animal models of infection, and its efficacy in the treatment of these infections has been compared with that of standard therapy."	5.27	Efficacy of ciprofloxacin in animal models of infection: endocarditis, meningitis, and pneumonia. ( Brooks-Fournier, RA; Gerberding, JL; Sande, MA, 1987)
"Levofloxacin is a synthetic fluoroquinolone that is usually used to treat chronic bacterial prostatitis."	5.16	Safety and efficacy of levofloxacin versus ciprofloxacin for the treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis in Chinese patients. ( Guo, YL; Jin, FS; Liu, DM; Shen, ZJ; Sun, YH; Zhang, ZC, 2012)
"The study was undertaken to compare the safety and efficacy of twice-daily ciprofloxacin for 3 days with standard 7 day therapy with either co-trimoxazole or nitrofurantoin in the treatment of women with acute, uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTI)."	5.09	A trial comparing low-dose, short-course ciprofloxacin and standard 7 day therapy with co-trimoxazole or nitrofurantoin in the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infection. ( Briefer, C; Echols, RM; Iravani, A; Klimberg, I; Kowalsky, SF; Munera, C, 1999)
"To evaluate the clinical efficacy of a rifampin combination in staphylococcal infections associated with stable orthopedic devices."	5.08	Role of rifampin for treatment of orthopedic implant-related staphylococcal infections: a randomized controlled trial. Foreign-Body Infection (FBI) Study Group. ( Blatter, M; Frei, R; Ochsner, PE; Widmer, AF; Zimmerli, W, 1998)
"The clinical efficacy and tolerability of ciprofloxacin orally administered at the dosage of 250 mg twice a day was evaluated in 25 patients affected by acute bacterial pharyngotonsillitis."	5.06	Oral ciprofloxacin for treatment of acute bacterial pharyngotonsillitis. ( D'Errico, G; Esposito, S; Montanaro, C, 1990)
"The clinical and bacteriological efficacy of ciprofloxacin was studied in three groups composed of 20 patients each, all of whom were affected by chronic otitis media in the acute stage."	5.06	Topical and oral treatment of chronic otitis media with ciprofloxacin. A preliminary study. ( D'Errico, G; Esposito, S; Montanaro, C, 1990)
"Two single-dose regimens of ciprofloxacin, 100 and 250 mg, were compared in the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections in women."	5.06	Single-dose ciprofloxacin at 100 versus 250 mg for treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections in women. ( Flepp, M; Garlando, F; Lüthy, R; Meier, B; Rietiker, S; Täuber, MG, 1987)
"Twenty-nine adult patients with cystic fibrosis who had chronic bronchopulmonary infection were randomly assigned to receive 750 or 1,000 mg of oral ciprofloxacin every 12 hours for two weeks."	5.06	Randomized study of two dosage regimens of ciprofloxacin for treating chronic bronchopulmonary infection in patients with cystic fibrosis. ( Chartrand, SA; Hilman, BC; Marks, MI; Shalit, I; Stutman, HR, 1987)
"Literature searches were made in Medline and Pubmed using the search terms [Pseudomonas] or [Staphylococcus] and [fluoroquinolone] or [cephalosporin] or [gentamicin] and [keratitis] or [cornea]."	4.87	Review of resistance of ocular isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococci from keratitis to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and cephalosporins. ( Willcox, MD, 2011)
"To evaluate the impact of cessation of ciprofloxacin prophylaxis during stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma."	3.91	Ciprofloxacin prophylaxis during autologous stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma in patients with a high rate of fluoroquinolone-resistant gram-negative bacteria colonization. ( Gabalec, F; Paterova, P; Radocha, J; Zak, P; Zavrelova, A, 2019)
" As far as we know, this is the first case of near-drowning-associated pneumonia with bacteremia caused by coinfection with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and Edwardsiella tarda in a healthy patient."	3.83	Near-drowning-associated pneumonia with bacteremia caused by coinfection with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and Edwardsiella tarda in a healthy white man: a case report. ( Cavallaro, MC; Chehter, N; Del Nero, LG; Marta, GN; Zambon, LS, 2016)
"This article reports on comparative in vitro characterization and in vivo evaluation of pre-formed cellulose-based gels, methylcellulose (MC) and carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC) and in situ gel-forming Pluronic F127 (PL) for ocular delivery of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (Cipro) by using a bacterial keratitis model and histological corneal examination."	3.81	Comparative studies for ciprofloxacin hydrochloride pre-formed gels and thermally triggered (in situ) gels: in vitro and in vivo appraisal using a bacterial keratitis model in rabbits. ( Abdelkader, H; Mansour, HF, 2015)
"The purpose of this study was to analyze ciprofloxacin and lomefloxacin penetration into the anterior eye tissues after topical instillation in healthy rabbits and with experimental Staphylococcus aureus endophthalmitis."	3.80	Effect of diclofenac on ocular levels of ciprofloxacin and lomefloxacin in rabbits with endophthalmitis. ( Haritova, AM; Krustev, SZ; Rusenova, NV, 2014)
" Daptomycin shows a high efficacy against CNS, and it could be useful for the treatment of primary bacteremia or catheter associated bacteremia."	3.77	Activity of vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, daptomycin, and linezolid against coagulase-negative staphylococci bacteremia. ( Fajardo Olivares, M; Hidalgo Orozco, R; Robles Marcos, M; Rodríguez Garrido, S; Rodríguez-Vidigal, FF; Vera Tomé, A, 2011)
"Thymidine-dependent small-colony variants (TD-SCVs) of Staphylococcus aureus can be isolated from the airway secretions of patients suffering from cystic fibrosis (CF) and are implicated in persistent and treatment-resistant infections."	3.74	The thymidine-dependent small-colony-variant phenotype is associated with hypermutability and antibiotic resistance in clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates. ( Besier, S; Brade, V; Kahl, BC; Kraiczy, P; Wichelhaus, TA; Zander, J, 2008)
" aureus keratitis, following the treatments, the median number of CFU of recoverable bacteria for chlorhexidine (n = 10), ciprofloxacin (n = 12), tobramycin/cefazolin (n = 12), and controls (n = 10) was 1."	3.74	A comparison of topical chlorhexidine, ciprofloxacin, and fortified tobramycin/cefazolin in rabbit models of Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas keratitis. ( Bouchard, CS; Bu, P; Carey, R; Riske, PS; Zaya, NE, 2007)
"Ciprofloxacin (CFX) implants containing poly(D,L-lactide) and calcium phosphates (tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite) was evaluated in 50 rabbits in an experimental osteomyelitis model."	3.74	Efficacy of ciprofloxacin implants in treating experimental osteomyelitis. ( Alvarez, H; Castro, C; Delgado, A; Evora, C; Moujir, L; Perera, A; Sánchez, E; Soriano, I, 2008)
"Both moxifloxacin and ciprofloxacin performed significantly better than control in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis (P=0."	3.73	Comparative efficacy of topical moxifloxacin versus ciprofloxacin and vancomycin in the treatment of P. aeruginosa and ciprofloxacin-resistant MRSA keratitis in rabbits. ( Aliprandis, E; Ciralsky, J; Herling, I; Katz, HR; Lai, H, 2005)
"Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an increasing problem for patients with cystic fibrosis (CF)."	3.73	Risk factors for acquisition of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by patients with cystic fibrosis. ( Conway, SP; Denton, M; Nadesalingam, K, 2005)
"Taurolidine is a broad-spectrum, non antibiotic antimicrobial agent, not previously tested against the common causes of bacterial keratitis."	3.73	Effectiveness of topical taurolidine versus ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and fortified cefazolin in a rabbit Staphylococcus aureus keratitis model. ( Gurkan, T; Oguz, E; Oguz, H; Ozbilge, H, 2005)
"Orbifloxacin tablets were administered orally to 23 dogs with superficial and/or deep staphylococcal pyoderma."	3.73	Efficacy of orbifloxacin tablets for the treatment of superficial and deep pyoderma due to Staphylococcus intermedius infection in dogs. ( Miller, WH; Peters, J; Scott, DW, 2006)
"Using 6-monthly urine and dialysis clearance measurements, preperitonitis and postperitonitis RRF (mean of 24-hour urea and creatinine clearance) were determined for 70 peritonitis episodes treated with the aminoglycoside-based regimen (group A), 61 episodes treated without aminoglycosides (group B), and 74 control patients without peritonitis (group C)."	3.72	Empirical aminoglycosides for peritonitis do not affect residual renal function. ( Baker, RJ; Brown, EA; Clemenger, M; Senior, H, 2003)
"The fourth-generation fluoroquinolone, gatifloxacin, is an effective prophylaxis against the development of keratitis after lamellar keratectomy in rabbits with an organism resistant to methicillin, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin."	3.72	Fluoroquinolone therapy in multiple-drug resistant staphylococcal keratitis after lamellar keratectomy in a rabbit model. ( Carpenter, TR; Kaufman, MB; McDonnell, PJ; Sarayba, MA; Sweet, PM; Taban, M; Tungsiripat, T, 2003)
" The patient was asymptomatic for a month, but the abscess reactivated and was treated with Vancomycin and Ciprofloxacin administered intravenously."	3.72	[Recurrence of bacterial endophthalmitis after penetrating keratoplasty]. ( Domínguez, I; García Serrano, JL; Serrano Laborda, D, 2004)
" In this study we investigate the emergence of fluoroquinolone (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin) resistance among methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus isolates from keratitis and conjunctivitis."	3.72	Ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin resistance among methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus isolates from keratitis and conjunctivitis. ( Alfonso, EC; Marangon, FB; Miller, D; Muallem, MS; Romano, AC, 2004)
"The purpose of this study was to quantitatively compare, in a rabbit keratitis model, the levels of effectiveness of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus isolates of diverse antibiotic susceptibilities."	3.72	Effectiveness of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, or moxifloxacin for treatment of experimental Staphylococcus aureus keratitis. ( Dajcs, JJ; Girgis, DO; Marquart, ME; O'Callaghan, RJ; Thibodeaux, BA; Traidej, M, 2004)
"24 preterm neonates with age < 28 days, who received intravenous ciprofloxacin 10 mg/kg/dose 12 hourly for clinical and/or culture proven sepsis, were enrolled."	3.72	Multiple dose pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin in preterm babies. ( Aggarwal, P; Dutta, S; Garg, SK; Narang, A, 2004)
"3% ciprofloxacin in Staphylococcus aureus keratitis."	3.72	Clinical resistance of Staphylococcus keratitis to ciprofloxacin monotherapy. ( Garg, P; Rao, GN; Sharma, S; Sharma, V, 2004)
" 99mTc-labeled ciprofloxacin does not distinguish between infections and sterile inflammatory lesions, which implies that its specificity for the detection of bacterial infections is not warranted."	3.71	99mTc-labeled antimicrobial peptides for detection of bacterial and Candida albicans infections. ( Balter, HS; Lanzzeri, S; Lupetti, A; Nibbering, PH; Paulusma-Annema, A; Pauwels, EK; Rey, AM; Savio, EO; Souto, B; Welling, MM, 2001)
" This study, employing an experimental rabbit model of Staphylococcus keratitis, compared the effectiveness of two commonly prescribed formulations of fluoroquinolones to an experimental formulation, ciprofloxacin with polystyrene sulfonate (ciprofloxacin-PSS)."	3.70	Effectiveness of ciprofloxacin-polystyrene sulfonate (PSS), ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin in a Staphylococcus keratitis model. ( Engel, LS; Green, LC; Hill, JM; Moreau, JM; O'Callaghan, RJ, 1998)
"To assess the value of prophylactic ciprofloxacin in reducing the incidence of neutropenic fever in men receiving intensive chemotherapy for germ cell tumours, we reviewed the case notes of 88 consecutive patients treated between January 1986 and December 1992."	3.69	Chemotherapy for germ cell tumours: prophylactic ciprofloxacin reduces the incidence of neutropenic fever. ( Counsell, R; Pratt, J; Williams, MV, 1994)
"36%) tobramycin for the treatment of methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus keratitis during early and late stages of infection."	3.69	Ciprofloxacin versus tobramycin for the treatment of staphylococcal keratitis. ( Callegan, MC; Engel, LS; Hill, JM; O'Callaghan, RJ, 1994)
"We present the results of a protocol of empiric monotherapy of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)-related peritonitis with ciprofloxacin (CPX), with a special emphasis on the evolution of our results after seven years of continued use of this drug."	3.69	Treatment of CAPD-related peritonitis with ciprofloxacin: results after seven years. ( Bouza, P; García Falcón, T; López Vázquez, M; Pérez Fontán, M; Rodríguez-Carmona, A; Tresancos, C; Valdés, F, 1996)
" In a murine model of hematogenous pyelonephritis, the in vivo efficacies of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were evaluated against two methicillin-susceptible and two methicillin-resistant S."	3.69	In vivo efficacies of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in acute murine hematogenous pyelonephritis induced by methicillin-susceptible and-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. ( Barrett, JF; Frosco, MB; Kulwich, BA; Licata, L; Melton, JL; Stewart, FP, 1996)
"The susceptibility of clinical isolates of methicillin-susceptible and -resistant staphylococci from cancer patients with central venous catheter bacteremia to quinupristin/dalfopristin, a semisynthetic streptogramin, was determined in vitro."	3.69	In vitro study of the potential role of quinupristin/dalfopristin in the treatment of catheter-related staphylococcal infections. ( Garcia, R; Raad, I, 1996)
"The study demonstrated that the combination of vancomycin, amikacin, and ciprofloxacin is adequate as a standard regimen for the treatment of most patients with suspected bacterial endophthalmitis."	3.69	Assessment of a standard treatment protocol on visual outcome following presumed bacterial endophthalmitis. ( Hykin, P; Lightman, S; Matheson, M; Okhravi, N; Towler, HM, 1997)
"36% tobramycin in two experimental models of keratitis, using a methicillin-sensitive strain of Staphylococcus aureus and an aminoglycoside-sensitive strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively."	3.68	Topical ciprofloxacin versus topical fortified antibiotics in rabbit models of Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas keratitis. ( Cohen, KL; Lauffenburger, MD, 1993)
"A rabbit model of Staphylococcus aureus keratitis was developed to study the chemotherapeutic efficacy of ciprofloxacin, vancomycin, and cefazolin."	3.68	Topical antibiotic therapy for the treatment of experimental Staphylococcus aureus keratitis. ( Callegan, MC; Hill, JM; Hobden, JA; Insler, MS; O'Callaghan, RJ, 1992)
"Ciprofloxacin was used as empirical therapy for peritonitis in patients receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) for 26 months, providing an opportunity to study the epidemiology of ciprofloxacin resistance amongst coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS)."	3.68	The epidemiology of ciprofloxacin resistance in coagulase-negative staphylococci in CAPD patients. ( Cookson, BD; Dryden, MS; McCann, M; Phillips, I; Talsania, H, 1992)
"After induction of experimental polymicrobic osteomyelitis with Staphylococcus epidermidis and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (ciprofloxacin MIC, 0."	3.68	Effect of ciprofloxacin on experimental osteomyelitis in the rabbit tibia, induced with a mixed infection of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. ( Gill, LR; Hossler, FE; Lambe, DW; Mayberry-Carson, KJ; Tober-Meyer, B, 1990)
"The efficacies of the quinolones ciprofloxacin and pefloxacin alone and in combination with rifampin were compared with those of vancomycin alone and in combination with rifampin in a rat model of chronic osteomyelitis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus."	3.68	Comparative efficacies of ciprofloxacin, pefloxacin, and vancomycin in combination with rifampin in a rat model of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus chronic osteomyelitis. ( Dworkin, R; Kunz, S; Modin, G; Rich, R; Sande, M; Zak, O, 1990)
"Ciprofloxacin in a low dosage of 250 mg twice a day was applied in the treatment of bacterial infections of the skin."	3.67	[The effectiveness of ciprofloxacin in bacterial skin infections]. ( Blenk, H; Meisel, C, 1988)
"The use of ciprofloxacin for the treatment of pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis patients was investigated."	3.67	The use of ciprofloxacin in the treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis. ( Bakker, W; Mattie, H; van den Broek, PJ; van Gulpen, C, 1987)
"A rabbit model for Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis was used to compare the results of treatment with A-56619 and A-56620, two new aryl-fluoroquinolones, and nafcillin."	3.67	Comparative evaluation of A-56619, A-56620, and nafcillin in the treatment of experimental Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis. ( Adams, KR; Mader, JT; Morrison, LT, 1987)
"Therapy with vancomycin alone or ciprofloxacin alone did not significantly reduce the number of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in bone in rats with experimental osteomyelitis, compared with the number in control rats."	3.67	Treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus experimental osteomyelitis with ciprofloxacin or vancomycin alone or in combination with rifampin. ( Henry, NK; McConnell, ME; Rouse, MS; Whitesell, AL; Wilson, WR, 1987)
"Ciprofloxacin hybrids have been recognized as advanced chemical entities to simultaneously modulate multiple drug targets in bacteria, so ciprofloxacin hybrids have the potential to overcome drug resistance."	2.82	The Antibacterial Potential of Ciprofloxacin Hybrids against ( Bian, H; Gao, L; Gao, S; Hao, P; Li, D; Zang, W, 2022)
"Eumycetoma is a chronic progressive disabling and destructive inflammatory disease which is commonly caused by the fungus Madurella mycetomatis."	2.79	The combination of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and ketoconazole in the treatment of Madurella mycetomatis eumycetoma and Staphylococcus aureus co-infection. ( Fahal, AH; Mahgoub, el S; Mhmoud, NA; van de Sande, WW, 2014)
" Drug-related adverse events were reported by 8."	2.69	A multicentre, double-blind, randomised study comparing the efficacy and safety of oral levofloxacin versus ciprofloxacin in the treatment of uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections. ( Jasovich, A; Neto, W; Nicodemo, AC; Robledo, JA, 1998)
"These superinfections occurred in mechanically ventilated, postoperative cardiac surgical patients after 13 days in the intensive care unit (ICU)."	2.69	Outbreaks of Staphylococcus aureus infections during treatment of late onset pneumonia with ciprofloxacin in a prospective, randomized study. ( Brase, R; Heimesaat, M; Kljucar, S; Manhold, C; Timm, J; von Pritzbuer, E; von Rolbicki, U, 1998)
"Ciprofloxacin was given two hours after any phosphate binder or iron supplement."	2.69	Once-daily intraperitoneal cefazolin and oral ciprofloxacin as empiric therapy for the treatment of peritonitis. ( Finkelstein, F; Gorban-Brennan, N; Kliger, A; Troidle, L, 1999)
" Antibiotic dosing was adjusted for renal dysfunction."	2.68	Oral antibiotic treatment of right-sided staphylococcal endocarditis in injection drug users: prospective randomized comparison with parenteral therapy. ( Daoud, EG; Flexner, C; Goodman, SN; Hartert, TV; Heldman, AW; Kowalski, TE; Lietman, PS; Petty, BG; Pompili, VJ; Ray, SC; Sisson, SD; Tidmore, WC; vom Eigen, KA, 1996)
" Eight adverse effects were observed in five patients and treatment had to be discontinued in one case."	2.67	Study of the efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin in the treatment of chronic otitis. ( Barrault, S; Dobler, S; Ebbo, D; Fombeur, JP; Koubbi, G; Laurier, JN; Lecomte, F; Sorrel, N, 1994)
" The dosage was deduced from a pilot study and consisted of an intra-peritoneal loading dose during the first 24 hours."	2.67	Oral treatment of CAPD-peritonitis with ciprofloxacin. ( Arisz, L; Boeschoten, EW; Krediet, RT; Kuijper, EJ; Speelman, P; Struijk, DG, 1990)
"Necrotising otitis externa is a progressive infection of the external auditory canal which extends to affect the temporal bone and adjacent structures."	2.66	A retrospective review and multi-specialty, evidence-based guideline for the management of necrotising otitis externa. ( Baring, D; Bennett, A; Henderson, N; Hopkins, ME; MacSween, KF; Sutherland, R, 2020)
"Ciprofloxacin has been shown to be effective against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms."	2.66	Ciprofloxacin for the treatment of chronic ear disease. ( Parnes, SM; Piccirillo, JF, 1989)
"A case of a 73-year-old woman with acute renal failure due to toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is reported."	2.39	[A case of toxic shock syndrome (TSS) induced by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presenting as acute renal failure with disseminated intravascular coagulation]. ( Fujimoto, Y; Fukuuchi, F; Hida, M; Hiraga, S; Satoh, T, 1996)
" Care in selection of patients, attention to optimal duration of therapy and adequate dosage may help to prevent emergence of resistance but combination therapy has not proven effective."	2.38	Emergent resistance to ciprofloxacin amongst Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus: clinical significance and therapeutic approaches. ( Ball, P, 1990)
"Ciprofloxacin-resistant SA was found significantly predominant in chronic wounds (**P < ."	1.91	Longitudinal study of wound healing status and bacterial colonisation of Staphylococcus aureus and Corynebacterium diphtheriae in epidermolysis bullosa patients. ( Acevedo, F; Arancibia, E; Fuentes, I; Morandé, P; Oróstica, K; Palisson, F; Porte, L; Rebolledo-Jaramillo, B; Varela, C; Yubero, MJ, 2023)
"Upper respiratory infections were characterized by acute infection of nasal cavity, pharynx and larynx while lower respiratory infections were characterized by chest pains, prolonged cough, productive sputum, difficulty in breathing, fever and weight loss."	1.91	Study of bacterial respiratory infections and antimicrobial susceptibility profile among antibiotics naive outpatients visiting Meru teaching and referral hospital, Meru County, Kenya in 2018. ( Miriti, DM; Muthini, JM; Nyamache, AK, 2023)
"Bacteremia-induced sepsis is a leading cause of mortality in intensive care units."	1.62	Multifunctional lipid-based nanocarriers with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities for treating MRSA bacteremia in mice. ( Alalaiwe, A; Dai, YS; Fang, JY; Liao, CC; Liu, FC; Yang, SC; Yu, HP, 2021)
"Staphylococcus aureus induced brain abscess is a critical health concern throughout the developing world."	1.62	Ciprofloxacin and dexamethasone in combination attenuate S. aureus induced brain abscess via neuroendocrine-immune interaction of TLR-2 and glucocorticoid receptor leading to behavioral improvement. ( Bishayi, B; Dey, R, 2021)
"Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic used in osteoarticular infections owing to its very good bone penetration."	1.62	Ciprofloxacin population pharmacokinetics during long-term treatment of osteoarticular infections. ( Aubry, A; Bleibtreu, A; Chauvin, C; Comets, E; Fourniols, E; Funck-Brentano, C; Jaureguiberry, S; Llopis, B; Noe, G; Tissot, N; Urien, S; Zahr, N, 2021)
" The PASS online and SwissADME programmes were used for the prediction of biological activities and oral bioavailability of cuminaldehyde."	1.56	Cuminaldehyde potentiates the antimicrobial actions of ciprofloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. ( Almeida, VSS; Carvalho Júnior, AR; da Silveira, BC; de Araújo, TS; de Oliveira, NMT; de Souza, CD; Fernandes, ES; Ferro, TAF; Gonzaga, LF; Maria-Ferreira, D; Martins, WC; Mendes, SJF; Monteiro-Neto, V; Pessoa, JFV; Pontes, JP; Santos, DM; Sousa, NCF, 2020)
"Ciprofloxacin and celecoxib were used in combination to regulate S."	1.48	Combination treatment of celecoxib and ciprofloxacin attenuates live S. aureus induced oxidative damage and inflammation in murine microglia via regulation of cytokine balance. ( Bishayi, B; Dey, R; Sultana, S, 2018)
"Otitis externa is a common presentation to secondary care otolaryngology clinics."	1.48	Microbiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of otitis externa: a changing pattern of antimicrobial resistance. ( Cullen, M; Heward, E; Hobson, J, 2018)
"Ciprofloxacin resistance has been reported in 4."	1.48	Treatment of Ciprofloxacin-resistant Ear Infections. ( Kim, SY; Martin, IW; Noonan, KY; Saunders, JE; Schwartzman, JD; Wong, LY, 2018)
"Osteomyelitis is a major problem worldwide and is devastating due to the potential for limb-threatening sequelae and mortality."	1.46	Design, Synthesis, and Antimicrobial Evaluation of a Novel Bone-Targeting Bisphosphonate-Ciprofloxacin Conjugate for the Treatment of Osteomyelitis Biofilms. ( Bakhshalian, N; Bartoszewicz, M; Ebetino, FH; Junka, AF; Lundy, MW; Mahabady, S; McKenna, CE; Neighbors, JD; Oleksy, M; Richard, E; Russell, RG; Sadrerafi, K; Sedghizadeh, PP; Sun, S; Szymczyk, P; Tjokro, N, 2017)
"An increase in the number of staphylococcal infections and carriers among medical staff has forced us to seek more and more effective antibacterial agents."	1.46	The effect of fennel essential oil in combination with antibiotics on Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from carriers. ( Dzięcioł, M; Giedrys-Kalemba, S; Kwiatkowski, P; Masiuk, H; Mnichowska-Polanowska, M; Pruss, A; Sienkiewicz, M, 2017)
"2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) was used as a solvent and backbone monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a cross-linker, methacrylic acid (MAA) as a functional monomer and CFX as the template molecule."	1.46	Ciprofloxacin-imprinted hydrogels for drug sustained release in aqueous media. ( Heidari, S; Khameneh, B; Kioomars, S; Malaekeh-Nikouei, B; Mohajeri, SA; Shayani Rad, M, 2017)
"When bacteremia is significant, it occurs mostly in patients with hematologic malignancies and is predominantly catheter-related."	1.42	Staphylococcus saprophyticus bacteremia after ESWL in an immunocompetent woman. ( Boel, A; De Beenhouwer, H; Hofmans, M; Van Vaerenbergh, K, 2015)
"Methicillin resistance was evaluated with the cefoxitin disk test."	1.42	Antibiotic Susceptibility of Biofilm Cells and Molecular Characterisation of Staphylococcus hominis Isolates from Blood. ( Camacho-Ortiz, A; Casillas-Vega, N; Garza-González, E; González, GM; Llaca-Díaz, J; Mendoza-Olazarán, S; Morfín-Otero, R; Rodríguez-Noriega, E; Villarreal-Treviño, L, 2015)
" A high drug exposure NOEL on oral dosing in the rat suggested that a high therapeutic margin could be achieved."	1.40	Novel DNA gyrase inhibiting spiropyrimidinetriones with a benzisoxazole scaffold: SAR and in vivo characterization. ( Basarab, GS; Brassil, P; Doig, P; Galullo, V; Gowravaram, M; Haimes, HB; Kern, G; Kutschke, A; McNulty, J; Schuck, VJ; Stone, G, 2014)
"One patient developed Fusarium infection."	1.40	Bloodstream and central line isolates from hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: data from a developing country. ( Adil, SN; Ali, N; Shaikh, MU, 2014)
" In combination with non-toxic dosage of Rh2, the susceptibilities of S."	1.40	Non-antibiotic agent ginsenoside 20(S)-Rh2 enhanced the antibacterial effects of ciprofloxacin in vitro and in vivo as a potential NorA inhibitor. ( Chen, Q; He, J; Liu, J; Lu, M; Sun, X; Sun, Y; Wang, G; Wang, Y; Zhang, J; Zhang, X; Zhou, F, 2014)
"Pyomyositis is a rarely encountered infection among diabetics, which usually affects lower extremities."	1.39	Lower extremities and iliopsoas pyomyositis with concurrent septic arthritis and spinal epidural abscess in a diabetic patient. ( Gounari, P; Kougias, M; Sioula, E; Skourtis, A; Vallianou, N, 2013)
"Besifloxacin is a novel fluoroquinolone antibiotic developed to provide alternative coverage for ocular pathogens with current and emerging in vitro and in vivo resistance to present fluoroquinolones and other commonly dispensed ocular antibiotics."	1.39	Comparative in vitro susceptibility of besifloxacin and seven comparators against ciprofloxacin- and methicillin-susceptible/nonsusceptible staphylococci. ( Alfonso, EC; Chang, JS; Flynn, HW; Miller, D, 2013)
"Ciprofloxacin tablet is a dominant option and much more cost-effective than either cefuroxime or gentamicin in the treatment of S."	1.38	Cost effectiveness of three drugs for the treatment of S. aureus infections in Nigeria. ( Bamiro, BS; Suleiman, IA; Tayo, F, 2012)
"After conjunctival necrosis, necrotizing scleritis progressed although topical and systemic steroids were discontinued."	1.37	Infectious scleritis after subtenon triamcinolone acetonide injection. ( Abrishami, M; Gharaee, H; Khalife, M; Poor, SS, 2011)
"Telavancin displays potent in vitro and in vivo activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), including strains with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin."	1.36	Comparative efficacies of human simulated exposures of telavancin and vancomycin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with a range of vancomycin MICs in a murine pneumonia model. ( Crandon, JL; Kuti, JL; Nicolau, DP, 2010)
"Levofloxacin 1."	1.36	Topical levofloxacin 1.5% overcomes in vitro resistance in rabbit keratitis models. ( Gordon, YJ; Kowalski, RP; Mah, FS; Romanowski, EG; Shanks, RM, 2010)
"for ciprofloxacin were 8 sensitive strains and 11 resistant in Group I and 10 sensitive and 25 resistant in Group II."	1.36	[Activity of daptomycin, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin and cotrimoxazole against coagulase-negative Staphylococcus strains with diminished susceptibility to vancomycin]. ( Fajardo, M; Garduno, E; Hidalgo, R; Robles, M; Rodríguez, FF; Rodríguez, S, 2010)
"Linezolid resistance has dominantly been mediated by mutations in 23S rRNA or ribosomal protein L4 genes."	1.35	First report of cfr-mediated resistance to linezolid in human staphylococcal clinical isolates recovered in the United States. ( Castanheira, M; Deshpande, LM; DiPersio, J; Jones, RN; Mendes, RE; Saubolle, MA, 2008)
"Chloramphenicol was effective against most of the Gram-positive organisms."	1.35	Clinicobacteriological study of chronic dacryocystitis in adults. ( Banerjee, AR; Biswas, MC; Kundu, PK; Mandal, R; Mondal, A; Sasmal, NK, 2008)
"We considered 9 cases including 7 septic arthritis and 2 osteitis."	1.35	[Treatment's problem of osteoarticular infections in Madagascar]. ( Ralandison, S; Randriamboavonjy, R; Rapelanoro Rabenja, F, 2009)
" aureus from different european countries was performed in order to compute the main pharmacodynamic surrogate markers."	1.35	Disposition kinetics and pharmacokinetics--pharmacodynamic integration of difloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus isolates from rabbits. ( Cárceles, CM; Fernández-varón, E; García-Martínez, JD; Marín, P; Montes, A; Sotillo, J; Vancraeynest, D, 2008)
"An 11-year-old boy, a known case of lamellar ichthyosis, presented with microbial keratitis."	1.35	Microbial keratitis in a case of lamellar ichthyosis. ( Chaurasia, S; Das, S; Ramamurthy, B, 2008)
"Bacterial wound infection is a major problem, which hinders the normal healing process."	1.34	Collagen bilayer dressing with ciprofloxacin, an effective system for infected wound healing. ( Ahmed, MR; Kumar, MS; Sehgal, PK; Sripriya, R, 2007)
"Then ciprofloxacin-treated and untreated constructs were implanted subcutaneously on the dorsum of rats and inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus."	1.33	In vivo testing of an infection-resistant annuloplasty ring. ( Andersen, ND; Bide, MJ; Contreras, MA; Dempsey, DJ; Hamdan, AD; LoGerfo, FW; Mitchell, RN; Monahan, TS; Phaneuf, MD; Popescu-Vladimir, A, 2006)
"Ciprofloxacin treatment resulted in enhanced recA transcription, indicating involvement of the SOS response in phage mobilization."	1.33	Ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim cause phage induction and virulence modulation in Staphylococcus aureus. ( Goerke, C; Köller, J; Wolz, C, 2006)
"We describe a case of onset of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (Berger disease) after S aureus septic arthritis complicating an anterior cruciate ligament surgical reconstruction."	1.32	Onset of Berger disease after Staphylococcus aureus infection: septic arthritis after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. ( Canducci, F; De Santis, V; Delcogliano, A; Gasbarrini, A; Logroscino, G; Pola, E, 2003)
"Ciprofloxacin was predominantly (65%) distributed in the cytosol."	1.32	Influence of P-glycoprotein and MRP efflux pump inhibitors on the intracellular activity of azithromycin and ciprofloxacin in macrophages infected by Listeria monocytogenes or Staphylococcus aureus. ( Carryn, S; Seral, C; Tulkens, PM; Van Bambeke, F, 2003)
"Linezolid is a synthetic antimicrobial agent which was introduced into clinical therapy in the early 2001."	1.32	[Sensitivity of methicillin resistant staphylococci to linezolid and some other antimicrobial agents]. ( Aktaş, E; Ayyildiz, A; Ertek, M; Parlak, M; Yazgi, H, 2003)
"To compare the antimicrobial effects (AMEs) of gemifloxacin (GEM) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a series of pharmacokinetic profiles of GEM (a single dose with the half-life (T(1/2)) of 7."	1.31	Gemifloxacin and ciprofloxacin pharmacodynamics in an in-vitro dynamic model: prediction of the equivalent AUC/MIC breakpoints and doses. ( Firsov, AA; Vostrov, SN; Zinner, SH, 2000)
"Moxifloxacin treatment resulted in culture-negative vegetations in a total of 20 of 21 (95%) rats infected with P8, 10 of 11 (91%) rats infected with COL, and 19 of 24 (79%) rats infected with P8-4 (P < 0."	1.31	Efficacies of moxifloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and vancomycin against experimental endocarditis due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus expressing various degrees of ciprofloxacin resistance. ( Entenza, JM; Glauser, MP; Moreillon, P; Que, YA; Vouillamoz, J, 2001)
"Treatment with ciprofloxacin was ineffective."	1.30	Y-688, a new quinolone active against quinolone-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: lack of in vivo efficacy in experimental endocarditis. ( Entenza, JM; Glauser, MP; Marchetti, O; Moreillon, P, 1998)
"Ciprofloxacin MICs were 0."	1.30	In-vitro investigation of the antibacterial activity of agents which may be used for the oral treatment of lung infections in CF patients. ( Hamilton, VE; Richards, RM; Thomas, MR, 1998)
"Trovafloxacin was more effective than vancomycin (CFU/g of vegetation, 2."	1.30	Comparative efficacy of trovafloxacin in experimental endocarditis caused by ciprofloxacin-sensitive, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. ( Chambers, HF; Chow, LL; Kim, YS; Liu, Q; Täuber, MG, 1998)
"Levofloxacin was the most potent fluoroquinolone against both strains and its activity was not significantly affected by combination with omeprazole."	1.30	The effects of NorA inhibition on the activities of levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin against two genetically related strains of Staphylococcus aureus in an in-vitro infection model. ( Aeschlimann, JR; Kaatz, GW; Rybak, MJ, 1999)
"Lomefloxacin was found to have significant efficacy in the healing of Staphylococcus aureus-induced corneal ulcers and associated lesions."	1.30	Comparative studies on topical lomefloxacin and ciprofloxacin on ocular kinetic and experimental corneal ulcer. ( Agarwal, HC; Biswas, NR; Gupta, SK; Gupta, YK; Velpandian, T, 1999)
" aureus were treated for 24 h with ciprofloxacin in a dosage which yielded concentrations in the abscess cavity equivalent to 1/2 or 1 x MIC for the pathogen."	1.29	In-vitro and in-vivo selection of Staphylococcus aureus mutants resistant to ciprofloxacin. ( Amyes, SG; Barg, NL; Doss, SA; Tillotson, GS, 1995)
"Vancomycin was the most effective prophylactic agent, exhibiting in vivo activity against all strains which was superior or equivalent to those of all other agents tested."	1.29	Comparative prophylactic efficacies of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, cefazolin, and vancomycin in experimental model of staphylococcal wound infection. ( Kaiser, AB; Kernodle, DS, 1994)
"Primary sternal osteomyelitis is a rare condition."	1.29	Primary sternal osteomyelitis. ( Bassaris, HP; Dougenis, D; Gogos, CA; Skoutelis, AT, 1993)
"We report the first case of toxic shock syndrome that has occurred after a loop electrosurgical excision procedure."	1.29	Toxic shock syndrome after loop electrosurgical excision procedure. ( Greenspoon, JS; Margolin, ML; Menashe, Y; Rosen, DJ, 1993)
"Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic with broad spectrum bactericidal activity."	1.29	The effectiveness of two ciprofloxacin formulations for experimental Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus keratitis. ( Callegan, MC; Engel, LS; Folkens, AT; Hill, JM; O'Callaghan, RJ; Shimomura, Y, 1996)
"Ciprofloxacin has limited usefulness against MR Staphylococcus aureus but can be still used to treat Staphylococcus epidermidis infections."	1.29	Different susceptibility of coagulase-positive and coagulase-negative staphylococci to ciprofloxacin. ( Andreana, A; Florio, A; Locatelli, A; Rambaldi, A; Rosario, P; Tripodi, MF; Utili, R, 1996)
"Trovafloxacin also showed lower MIC50 values (0."	1.29	Susceptibility of ciprofloxacin-resistant staphylococci and enterococci to trovafloxacin. ( Bonilla, HF; Bradley, SF; Kauffman, CA; Zarins, LT, 1996)
"Ciprofloxacin is a new quinolone antibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity against most aerobic gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria."	1.28	Successful treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Keratitis with topical ciprofloxacin. ( Fish, LA; Hill, JM; Hobden, JA; Insler, MS; O'Callaghan, RJ; Silbernagel, J, 1991)
"Ciprofloxacin or rifampin was significantly (P less than 0."	1.28	Ciprofloxacin therapy of experimental endocarditis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis. ( Henry, NK; Rouse, MS; Steckelberg, JM; Wilcox, RM; Wilson, WR, 1990)
"Ciprofloxacin was withdrawn from use in the unit and daily bathing with chlorhexidine gluconate solution started."	1.28	Outbreak of coagulase negative staphylococcus highly resistant to ciprofloxacin in a leukaemia unit. ( Burnie, JP; Hartley, JW; Lee, W; Oppenheim, BA, 1989)
"A case of septicemia caused by MRSA is reported with discussion on its prophylaxis."	1.28	[A case report of septicemia caused by methicillin cephem resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)]. ( Arakawa, S; Den, S; Gohji, K; Ka, S; Kamidono, S; Maeda, H; Matsui, T; Matsumoto, O; Okada, H; Takagi, S, 1989)
"Pefloxacin (Pef) is a new quinolone which has been shown to have good in-vitro activity against Staphylococcus aureus, and to reach high tissue concentrations."	1.27	Comparative efficacy of pefloxacin and six other antimicrobial agents on Staphylococcus aureus experimental abscesses. ( Bouanchaud, DH; Huet, Y; Rolin, O, 1986)
"Ciprofloxacin was more effective (P less than 0."	1.27	Ciprofloxacin therapy of experimental endocarditis caused by methicillin-susceptible or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. ( Fernandez-Guerrero, M; Henry, N; Rouse, M; Wilson, W, 1988)
" The dosage was 2 X 500 mg ciprofloxacin orally every 12 h for 7."	1.27	Is pelvic inflammatory disease an indication for treatment with ciprofloxacin? ( Chyský, V; Hägele, D, 1988)
"The osteomyelitis was secondary to trauma in 12 patients, joint replacement in six, previous acute hematogenous infection in two and osteotomy in one."	1.27	Treatment of chronic osteomyelitis with ciprofloxacin. ( Mulier, JC; Stuyck, J; Verbist, L, 1987)
"Norfloxacin was ineffective at 200 mg/kg per day against E."	1.27	In vivo evaluation of A-56619 (difloxacin) and A-56620: new aryl-fluoroquinolones. ( Bower, RR; Chu, DT; Fernandes, PB; Jarvis, KP; Ramer, NR; Shipkowitz, N, 1986)
"Ciprofloxacin has been studied extensively in discriminative animal models of infection, and its efficacy in the treatment of these infections has been compared with that of standard therapy."	1.27	Efficacy of ciprofloxacin in animal models of infection: endocarditis, meningitis, and pneumonia. ( Brooks-Fournier, RA; Gerberding, JL; Sande, MA, 1987)
"The efficacy of a 5-day treatment with coumermycin A1 (hereafter referred to as coumermycin) (at three dosage regimens), with ciprofloxacin, or with coumermycin plus ciprofloxacin was tested in experimental aortic valve endocarditis induced in rats by a strain of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and was compared with the efficacy of a 5-day treatment with cloxacillin plus gentamicin."	1.27	Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis in rats with coumermycin A1 and ciprofloxacin, alone or in combination. ( Glauser, MP; Malinverni, R; Perronne, CM, 1987)
" This finding was likely due to changes in the pharmacokinetics of the drug with multiple dosing and in infected versus uninfected rabbits."	1.27	Ciprofloxacin versus vancomycin in the therapy of experimental methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis. ( Barriere, SL; Fekety, R; Kaatz, GW; Schaberg, DR, 1987)
"Seventeen patients with staphylococcal infections severe enough to require hospital admission and initial parenteral therapy were treated with ciprofloxacin; the results were poor, with clinical failure in five and bacteriological failure in 12."	1.27	Ciprofloxacin treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections. ( Righter, J, 1987)
"Ciprofloxacin was effective and safe therapy of infections due to Gram-negative bacteria resistant to many of the currently available oral and parenteral agents."	1.27	Oral ciprofloxacin therapy of infection caused by multiply resistant bacteria other than Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ( Neu, HC; Scully, BE, 1986)

Research

Studies (469)

Authors

Clinical Trials (4)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Catheter Insertion Site Colonization.

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	48 (10.23)	18.7374
1990's	123 (26.23)	18.2507
2000's	122 (26.01)	29.6817
2010's	116 (24.73)	24.3611
2020's	60 (12.79)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Ziegler, CB	2
Bitha, P	1
Kuck, NA	2
Fenton, TJ	1
Petersen, PJ	1
Lin, YI	2
Moran, DB	1
Dunne, TS	1
Frigola, J	1
Vañó, D	1
Torrens, A	1
Gómez-Gomar, A	1
Ortega, E	1
García-Granda, S	1
Angehrn, P	1
Buchmann, S	1
Funk, C	1
Goetschi, E	1
Gmuender, H	1
Hebeisen, P	1
Kostrewa, D	1
Link, H	1
Luebbers, T	1
Masciadri, R	1
Nielsen, J	1
Reindl, P	1
Ricklin, F	1
Schmitt-Hoffmann, A	1
Theil, FP	1
de Souza, NJ	1
Gupte, SV	1
Deshpande, PK	1
Desai, VN	1
Bhawsar, SB	1
Yeole, RD	1
Shukla, MC	1
Strahilevitz, J	1
Hooper, DC	2
Bozdogan, B	1
Appelbaum, PC	1
Jacobs, MR	1
Shetty, N	1
Patel, MV	1
Jha, R	1
Khorakiwala, HF	1
Zhi, C	2
Long, ZY	3
Manikowski, A	2
Brown, NC	3
Tarantino, PM	2
Holm, K	1
Dix, EJ	2
Wright, GE	3
Foster, KA	2
Butler, MM	3
LaMarr, WA	2
Skow, DJ	1
Motorina, I	2
Lamothe, S	2
Storer, R	2
Comstock, J	1
Xu, WC	2
Holm, KA	1
Barnes, MH	2
Bachand, B	1
Bethell, R	1
Cadilhac, C	1
Charron, S	1
Szumowski, JD	1
Cohen, DE	1
Kanaya, F	1
Mayer, KH	1
Meehl, M	1
Herbert, S	1
Götz, F	1
Cheung, A	1
Maples, KR	1
Wheeler, C	1
Ip, E	1
Plattner, JJ	1
Chu, D	1
Zhang, YK	1
Preobrazhenskaya, MN	1
Printsevskaya, SS	1
Solovieva, SE	1
Olsufyeva, EN	1
Heine, H	1
Lovchik, J	1
Lyons, CR	1
Simor, AE	1
Stuart, TL	1
Louie, L	1
Watt, C	1
Ofner-Agostini, M	1
Gravel, D	1
Mulvey, M	1
Loeb, M	1
McGeer, A	1
Bryce, E	1
Matlow, A	1
Besier, S	1
Zander, J	1
Kahl, BC	1
Kraiczy, P	1
Brade, V	1
Wichelhaus, TA	1
Mendes, RE	1
Deshpande, LM	1
Castanheira, M	1
DiPersio, J	1
Saubolle, MA	1
Jones, RN	2
Liu, Y	1
Wang, H	1
Du, N	1
Shen, E	1
Chen, H	1
Niu, J	1
Ye, H	1
Chen, M	2
Karlowsky, JA	1
Kaplan, N	1
Hafkin, B	1
Hoban, DJ	1
Zhanel, GG	1
Crandon, JL	1
Kuti, JL	1
Nicolau, DP	1
Burchak, ON	1
Pihive, EL	1
Maigre, L	1
Guinchard, X	1
Bouhours, P	1
Jolivalt, C	2
Schneider, D	1
Maurin, M	1
Giglione, C	1
Meinnel, T	1
Paris, JM	1
Denis, JN	1
Zhi, CX	1
Dvoskin, S	1
Gambino, JJ	1
Cormier, R	1
Burda, WN	1
Harrington, L	1
Edlinger, J	1
Kodigepalli, KM	1
Thomas, J	1
Kapolka, R	1
Roma, G	1
Anderson, BE	1
Turos, E	1
Shaw, LN	1
Sharma, V	2
Singh, G	1
Kaur, H	1
Saxena, AK	1
Ishar, MP	1
Basarab, GS	2
Manchester, JI	1
Bist, S	1
Boriack-Sjodin, PA	1
Dangel, B	1
Illingworth, R	1
Sherer, BA	1
Sriram, S	1
Uria-Nickelsen, M	1
Eakin, AE	1
Zhang, J	2
Jiang, Y	1
Cao, Y	1
Liu, J	3
Zheng, D	1
Chen, X	1
Han, L	1
Jiang, C	1
Huang, X	1
Suresh, N	1
Nagesh, HN	1
Renuka, J	1
Rajput, V	1
Sharma, R	1
Khan, IA	1
Kondapalli Venkata Gowri, CS	1
Brassil, P	1
Doig, P	1
Galullo, V	1
Haimes, HB	1
Kern, G	1
Kutschke, A	1
McNulty, J	1
Schuck, VJ	1
Stone, G	1
Gowravaram, M	1
Janupally, R	1
Jeankumar, VU	1
Bobesh, KA	1
Soni, V	1
Devi, PB	1
Pulla, VK	1
Suryadevara, P	1
Chennubhotla, KS	1
Kulkarni, P	1
Yogeeswari, P	1
Sriram, D	1
Fontaine, F	1
Héquet, A	1
Voisin-Chiret, AS	1
Bouillon, A	1
Lesnard, A	1
Cresteil, T	1
Rault, S	1
Pardeshi, KA	1
Malwal, SR	1
Banerjee, A	1
Lahiri, S	1
Rangarajan, R	1
Chakrapani, H	2
Febles, M	1
Montalvão, S	1
Crespín, GD	1
Norte, M	1
Padrón, JM	1
Tammela, P	1
Fernández, JJ	1
Daranas, AH	1
Sedghizadeh, PP	2
Sun, S	2
Junka, AF	2
Richard, E	1
Sadrerafi, K	1
Mahabady, S	1
Bakhshalian, N	1
Tjokro, N	2
Bartoszewicz, M	2
Oleksy, M	1
Szymczyk, P	1
Lundy, MW	1
Neighbors, JD	1
Russell, RG	1
McKenna, CE	2
Ebetino, FH	2
Son, S	1
Hong, YS	1
Jang, M	1
Heo, KT	1
Lee, B	1
Jang, JP	1
Kim, JW	1
Ryoo, IJ	1
Kim, WG	1
Ko, SK	1
Kim, BY	1
Jang, JH	1
Ahn, JS	1
Felicetti, T	4
Cannalire, R	1
Pietrella, D	1
Latacz, G	1
Lubelska, A	1
Manfroni, G	2
Barreca, ML	4
Massari, S	2
Tabarrini, O	2
Kieć-Kononowicz, K	1
Schindler, BD	1
Kaatz, GW	8
Cecchetti, V	3
Sabatini, S	4
Zha, GF	1
Wang, SM	1
Rakesh, KP	1
Bukhari, SNA	1
Manukumar, HM	1
Vivek, HK	1
Mallesha, N	1
Qin, HL	1
Kulkarni, A	1
Soni, I	1
Kelkar, DS	1
Dharmaraja, AT	1
Sankar, RK	1
Beniwal, G	1
Rajendran, A	1
Tamhankar, S	1
Chopra, S	1
Kamat, SS	1
Jin, Z	1
Wang, L	1
Gao, H	3
Zhou, YH	1
Liu, YH	1
Tang, YZ	1
Shareef, MA	1
Sirisha, K	1
Sayeed, IB	1
Khan, I	1
Ganapathi, T	1
Akbar, S	1
Ganesh Kumar, C	1
Kamal, A	1
Nagendra Babu, B	1
Shahin, IG	1
Abutaleb, NS	2
Alhashimi, M	1
Kassab, AE	1
Mohamed, KO	1
Taher, AT	1
Seleem, MN	2
Mayhoub, AS	1
Yang, H	1
Kundra, S	1
Chojnacki, M	1
Liu, K	1
Fuse, MA	1
Abouelhassan, Y	1
Kallifidas, D	1
Zhang, P	1
Huang, G	1
Jin, S	1
Ding, Y	1
Luesch, H	1
Rohde, KH	1
Dunman, PM	1
Lemos, JA	1
Huigens, RW	1
Yu, JH	1
Xu, XF	1
Hou, W	1
Meng, Y	1
Huang, MY	1
Lin, J	1
Chen, WM	1
Bhawsar, S	1
Joshi, S	1
Deshpande, P	1
Yeole, R	1
Bhagwat, S	1
Patel, M	1
Huan, X	1
Wang, Y	2
Peng, X	1
Xie, S	1
He, Q	1
Zhang, X	2
Lan, L	1
Yang, C	2
Naclerio, GA	1
Onyedibe, KI	1
Karanja, C	1
Eldesouky, HE	1
Liang, HW	1
Dieterly, A	1
Aryal, UK	1
Lyle, T	1
Sintim, HO	1
Cedraro, N	1
Astolfi, A	3
Cernicchi, G	1
Mangiaterra, G	1
Vaiasicca, S	1
Biavasco, F	2
Vignaroli, C	1
Rahuman, HBH	1
Dhandapani, R	1
Palanivel, V	1
Thangavelu, S	1
Paramasivam, R	1
Muthupandian, S	1
Ude, Z	1
Flothkötter, N	1
Sheehan, G	1
Brennan, M	1
Kavanagh, K	1
Marmion, CJ	1
Mahey, N	1
Tambat, R	1
Chandal, N	1
Verma, DK	1
Thakur, KG	1
Nandanwar, H	1
Koźmiński, P	1
Gawęda, W	1
Rzewuska, M	1
Kopatys, A	1
Kujda, S	1
Dudek, MK	1
Halik, PK	1
Królicki, L	1
Gniazdowska, E	1
Zang, W	1
Li, D	1
Gao, L	1
Gao, S	1
Hao, P	1
Bian, H	1
Coombs, GW	5
Daley, DA	4
Yee, NWT	1
Shoby, P	4
Mowlaboccus, S	4
Wei, Q	1
Wang, Z	1
Sun, X	3
He, QY	1
Muzammil, I	1
Ijaz, M	1
Saleem, MH	1
Ali, MM	1
Lee, GY	1
Lee, SI	1
Kim, SD	1
Park, JH	1
Kim, GB	1
Yang, SJ	1
Rocha, JE	1
de Freitas, TS	1
Xavier, JC	1
Pereira, RLS	1
Pereira Junior, FN	1
Nogueira, CES	1
Marinho, MM	1
Bandeira, PN	1
Rodrigues, LG	1
Marinho, ES	1
de Lacerda, BCGV	1
de Andrade, EM	1
Teixeira, AMR	1
Dos Santos, HS	1
Coutinho, HDM	2
Gómez-Sánchez, E	1
Franco-de la Torre, L	1
Hernández-Gómez, A	1
Alonso-Castro, ÁJ	2
Serafín-Higuera, N	1
Terán-Rosales, F	2
Bologna-Molina, RE	1
Isiordia-Espinoza, MA	2
Chang, SC	2
Hidrosollo, JH	1
Lin, LC	1
Ou, YH	1
Kao, CY	1
Lu, JJ	1
Nielsen, RT	1
Köse, G	1
Sloth, L	1
Andersen, CØ	1
Petersen, JH	1
Norredam, M	1
Aglomasa, BC	1
Adu-Asiamah, CK	1
Asiedu, SO	1
Kini, P	1
Amewu, EKA	1
Boahen, KG	1
Wireko, S	1
Amponsah, IK	1
Boakye, YD	1
Boamah, VE	1
Kwarteng, A	1
Paleczny, J	1
Brożyna, M	1
Dudek-Wicher, R	1
Dydak, K	1
Oleksy-Wawrzyniak, M	1
Madziała, M	1
Junka, A	1
Su, L	1
Li, Y	1
Tian, S	1
Huang, F	1
Ren, Y	2
van der Mei, HC	2
Busscher, HJ	2
Shi, L	2
Maki N Al-Muaala, A	1
Sadeq Yasir Al-Ethari, A	1
Abdul Ameer Al-Kraety, I	1
Ghani Al-Muhanna, S	1
Mastoor, S	1
Nazim, F	1
Rizwan-Ul-Hasan, S	1
Ahmed, K	1
Khan, S	1
Ali, SN	1
Abidi, SH	1
Kumar, G	1
Kiran Tudu, A	1
Cherian, P	1
Roshandel, S	1
Chen, C	1
Hu, E	1
Neighbors, J	1
Pawlak, J	1
Russell, RGG	1
Sodagar, E	1
Al-Sallami, D	1
Alsultan, A	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
The Utility of Oral Antibiotic Therapy Following 2-stage Revision Arthroplasty for Infected Prosthetic Hips and Knees[NCT01760863]		185 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-07-31	Completed
A National, Prospective, Randomized, Multicenter, Controlled Head-to-Head Comparison of Bioactive Glass and Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate as Bone Graft Substitute in Filling of Contained Bone Defects[NCT00841152]		120 participants (Actual)	Observational	2009-03-31	Completed
Partial Oral Antimicrobial Versus Intravenous Antimicrobial Therapy to Treat Infective Endocarditis in People Who Inject Drugs[NCT04544306]		50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-06-01	Recruiting
Prospective Randomized Control Trial of Post-Operative Colonization Rates of Femoral Nerve Catheters With the Use of Chlorhexidine-Impregnated Patch[NCT01411891]	Phase 4	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-08-31	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Skin at the FNC insertion site will be swabbed with a sterile cotton tip applicator moistened with sterile normal saline. The swab will be placed in a sterile container. The swab will be inoculated onto a blood agar plate/eosin-methylene blue plate/chocolate agar plate and incubated for 3 days aerobically, then inoculated onto an anaerobic brucella-agar plate and incubated for 7 days anaerobically. Bacterial growth found in the first quadrant of the inoculated plate will be defined as low grade, in the second and/or third will be moderate, and in the fourth quadrant will be heavy. (NCT01411891)
Timeframe: 24-48 hours.

Catheter Tip Colonization

Intervention	participants (Number)
Control	14
Chlorhexidine Impregnated Patch.	12

Three cm of the for research purposes only, a 3 cm distal portion will be cut using sterile scissors into a sterile container, and sent to the lab for culture in a sterile container. The catheter segments will be rolled onto blood agar plates at 35°C under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Number of colonies will be counted at 1 week. The peripheral nerve catheter tip will be considered colonized if the culture yields 15 or greater colony forming units. (NCT01411891)
Timeframe: 24-48 hours after placement of femoral nerve catheter.

Article	Year
The Antibacterial Potential of Ciprofloxacin Hybrids against Current topics in medicinal chemistry, 2022, Volume: 22, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ciprofloxacin; Humans; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus;	2022
Tackling multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by natural products and their analogues acting as NorA efflux pump inhibitors. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 2023, 02-15, Volume: 80 Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Proteins; Biological Products; Ciprofloxacin; Humans; Meth	2023
A retrospective review and multi-specialty, evidence-based guideline for the management of necrotising otitis externa. The Journal of laryngology and otology, 2020, Volume: 134, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ciprofloxacin; Cranial Nerve Diseases; Disease Progr	2020
Empyema necessitatis due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: case report and review of the literature. Journal of clinical microbiology, 2008, Volume: 46, Issue:10 Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Blood; Ciprofloxacin; Empyema; Humans; Lung; Male; Methicillin Resistance; Mi	2008
Review of resistance of ocular isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococci from keratitis to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and cephalosporins. Clinical & experimental optometry, 2011, Volume: 94, Issue:2 Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Cephalosporins; Ciprofloxacin; Drug Resistance, Bacter	2011
Infectious keratitis after photorefractive keratectomy. Ophthalmology, 2003, Volume: 110, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Ciprofloxacin; Corneal Ulcer; Cross Infection; Drug Therapy, Combination; Eye Infections, Bac	2003
Infections of implantable cardioverter defibrillators: approach to management. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 1993, Volume: 17, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Cephalosporins; Ciprofloxacin; Defibrillators, Implantable; Esche	1993
[A case of toxic shock syndrome (TSS) induced by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presenting as acute renal failure with disseminated intravascular coagulation]. Nihon Jinzo Gakkai shi, 1996, Volume: 38, Issue:1 Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Aged; Anti-Infective Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Bacterial Toxins; Cip	1996
Fluoroquinolones as pneumococcal therapy: closing the barn door before the horse escapes. The Lancet. Infectious diseases, 2001, Volume: 1, Issue:3 Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Ciprofloxacin; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Drug Resistance, Multiple; Humans;	2001
Emergent resistance to ciprofloxacin amongst Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus: clinical significance and therapeutic approaches. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 1990, Volume: 26 Suppl F Topics: Ciprofloxacin; Cystic Fibrosis; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Humans; Osteomyelitis; Pseudomonas aerug	1990
Prevention of infection by ciprofloxacin in neutropenia. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 1990, Volume: 26 Suppl F Topics: Ciprofloxacin; Erythromycin; Feces; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Humans; Neutropenia; Sepsis; Staphylococ	1990
[Ciprofloxacin--a new antibacterial drug]. Wiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960), 1985, May-01, Volume: 38, Issue:9 Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ciprofloxacin; Clinical Trials as Topic; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Human	1985
Susceptibility testing today: myth, reality, and new direction. Infection control and hospital epidemiology, 1988, Volume: 9, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Bacterial Infections; Ciprofloxacin; Humans; Legionnaires' Disease; Microbial Sensitivity T	1988

Article	Year
Noninferiority field trial for evaluation of efficacy of ciprofloxacin associated with internal teat sealant as dry-off protocol. Tropical animal health and production, 2019, Volume: 51, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bismuth; Brazil; Cattle; Cephalosporins; Ciprofloxacin; Corynebacter	2019
The combination of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and ketoconazole in the treatment of Madurella mycetomatis eumycetoma and Staphylococcus aureus co-infection. PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2014, Volume: 8, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antif	2014
Safety and efficacy of levofloxacin versus ciprofloxacin for the treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis in Chinese patients. Asian journal of andrology, 2012, Volume: 14, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Asian People; Ciprofloxacin; Escherichia coli Infections; Humans; Levo	2012
Infecton: a 99mTc-ciprofloxacin radiopharmaceutical for the detection of bone infection. Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2003, Volume: 9, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Child; Ciprofloxacin; Citrates; Diphosphonates; Female;	2003
Study of the efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin in the treatment of chronic otitis. Chemotherapy, 1994, Volume: 40 Suppl 1 Topics: Adult; Bacterial Infections; Chronic Disease; Ciprofloxacin; Earache; Female; Humans; Male; Middle A	1994
Comparison of ciprofloxacin or trimethoprim therapy for venous leg ulcers: results of a pilot study. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 1994, Volume: 31, Issue:2 Pt 1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Ciprofloxacin; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Age	1994
Oral antibiotic treatment of right-sided staphylococcal endocarditis in injection drug users: prospective randomized comparison with parenteral therapy. The American journal of medicine, 1996, Volume: 101, Issue:1 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercul	1996
Role of rifampin for treatment of orthopedic implant-related staphylococcal infections: a randomized controlled trial. Foreign-Body Infection (FBI) Study Group. JAMA, 1998, May-20, Volume: 279, Issue:19 Topics: Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Ciprofloxacin; Dise	1998
Oral antimicrobial prophylaxis in bone marrow transplant recipients: randomized trial of ciprofloxacin versus ciprofloxacin-vancomycin. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 1998, Volume: 42, Issue:6 Topics: Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Bone Marrow Transplantation; Candidiasis; Ciprofloxacin; Drug Therapy, Combi	1998
A multicentre, double-blind, randomised study comparing the efficacy and safety of oral levofloxacin versus ciprofloxacin in the treatment of uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections. International journal of clinical practice, 1998, Volume: 52, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Anti-Infective Agents; Ciprofloxacin; Double-Blind Method; Female; Huma	1998
Outbreaks of Staphylococcus aureus infections during treatment of late onset pneumonia with ciprofloxacin in a prospective, randomized study. Intensive care medicine, 1998, Volume: 24, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Anti-Infective Agents; APACHE; Ceftazidime; Cephalosporins; Ciprofloxacin; Cross Infection; D	1998
A trial comparing low-dose, short-course ciprofloxacin and standard 7 day therapy with co-trimoxazole or nitrofurantoin in the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infection. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 1999, Volume: 43 Suppl A Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Infective Agents; Anti-Infective Age	1999
Once-daily intraperitoneal cefazolin and oral ciprofloxacin as empiric therapy for the treatment of peritonitis. Advances in peritoneal dialysis. Conference on Peritoneal Dialysis, 1999, Volume: 15 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cefazolin; Ciprofloxacin; Drug Administration	1999
Effect of topical ciprofloxacin 0.3% and ofloxacin 0.3% on the reduction of bacterial flora on the human conjunctiva. Journal of cataract and refractive surgery, 2000, Volume: 26, Issue:11 Topics: Alcaligenes; Anti-Infective Agents; Ciprofloxacin; Colony Count, Microbial; Conjunctiva; Conjunctivi	2000
Oral fluoroquinolone therapy results in drug adsorption on ureteral stents and prevention of biofilm formation. International journal of antimicrobial agents, 2001, Volume: 17, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adsorption; Anti-Infective Agents; Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary; Biofilms; C	2001
Oral treatment of CAPD-peritonitis with ciprofloxacin. Advances in peritoneal dialysis. Conference on Peritoneal Dialysis, 1990, Volume: 6 Topics: Administration, Oral; Ciprofloxacin; Drug Evaluation; Humans; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambula	1990
Oral ciprofloxacin for treatment of acute bacterial pharyngotonsillitis. Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy), 1990, Volume: 2, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Ciprofloxacin; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Administration Sche	1990
Emergence of ciprofloxacin resistance in nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Resistance during ciprofloxacin plus rifampin therapy for methicillin-resistant S aureus colonization. Archives of internal medicine, 1990, Volume: 150, Issue:10 Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ciprofloxacin; Cross Infection; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Drug Therapy, Com	1990
Topical and oral treatment of chronic otitis media with ciprofloxacin. A preliminary study. Archives of otolaryngology--head & neck surgery, 1990, Volume: 116, Issue:5 Topics: Administration, Oral; Administration, Topical; Adult; Chronic Disease; Ciprofloxacin; Drug Administr	1990
Ciprofloxacin for the treatment of chronic ear disease. The Laryngoscope, 1989, Volume: 99, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Cholesteatoma; Chronic Disease; Ciprofloxacin; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Humans	1989
Ciprofloxacin therapy for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections or colonizations. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 1989, Volume: 33, Issue:2 Topics: Ciprofloxacin; Humans; Methicillin; Penicillin Resistance; Staphylococcal Infections	1989
[Ciprofloxacin--a new antibacterial drug]. Wiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960), 1985, May-01, Volume: 38, Issue:9 Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ciprofloxacin; Clinical Trials as Topic; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Human	1985
Single-dose ciprofloxacin at 100 versus 250 mg for treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections in women. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 1987, Volume: 31, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ciprofloxacin; Drug Administration Schedule; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli I	1987
Randomized study of two dosage regimens of ciprofloxacin for treating chronic bronchopulmonary infection in patients with cystic fibrosis. The American journal of medicine, 1987, Apr-27, Volume: 82, Issue:4A Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Bronchopneumonia; Ciprofloxacin; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cystic Fibrosis; Femal	1987
Ciprofloxacin for eradication of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization. The American journal of medicine, 1987, Apr-27, Volume: 82, Issue:4A Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Ciprofloxacin; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Humans; Male; Methi	1987

ciprofloxacin and Infections, Staphylococcal