chrysin and Acute-Kidney-Injury

Cyclophosphamide (CYP) is a chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of autoimmune disorders and malignant diseases. However, its usage is restricted due to its severe side effects, especially hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. This study aimed to investigate the protective role of chrysin (CH) against CYP-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats. In the present study, 35 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups with each group consisting of 7 rats. The rats were pretreated with CH orally in doses of 25- and 50-mg/kg body weight for 7 consecutive days, and CYP (200-mg/kg body weight, i.p.) was administrated on the 7th day 1 h after the last dose of CH. It was found that CH could ameliorate CYP-induced elevations of ALT, ALP, AST, urea, creatinine, MDA, and hepatorenal deterioration, and enhance antioxidant enzymes' activities such as SOD, CAT, and GPx, and GSH's level. Furthermore, CH reversed the changes in levels of inflammatory, apoptotic, and autophagic parameters such as NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, iNOS, COX-2, Bax, Bcl-2, and LC3B in liver and kidney tissues. To conclude, the findings of this study demonstrated that CH has a protective effect against CYP-induced hepatorenal toxicity.

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Animals; Apoptosis; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Cyclophosphamide; Flavonoids; Inflammation Mediators; Male; Oxidative Stress; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar

This study aimed to investigate whether hesperidin and chrysin antioxidants have protective effects on renal injury induced by colistin in rats. Renal lipid peroxidation, total glutathione (GSH) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) enzyme activities, serum urea and creatinine levels, as well as tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels were determined. Injuries to the proximal and distal tubules were determined using histopathological and double immunohistochemistry examinations. The results showed that hesperidin and chrysin significantly decreased the levels of MDA and inflammatory parameters and significantly increased GSH, SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px levels against colistin-induced renal injury. The results also showed that cystatin C and calbindin D28K immunopositivities significantly increased through hesperidin and chrysin treatment. Hesperidin and chrysin alleviated the renal injury induced by colistin via anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Thus, hesperidin and chrysin could attenuate colistin-induced nephrotoxicity via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Addition of hesperidin or chrysin to the treatment protocol of colistin treatment might benefit patient treatment in terms of the prevention of colistin-induced renal injury.

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Colistin; Drug Therapy, Combination; Flavonoids; Hesperidin; Inflammation Mediators; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Treatment Outcome