chondroitin-sulfates and Rupture

Rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) is one of the most frequent causes of lameness of the rear limb in the dog. Regardless of the type of treatment, CCL rupture inevitably leads to knee osteoarthritis (OA). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of associating surgical treatment of spontaneous rupture of the CCL with a chondroprotector, that is called 'supraadditive' because it is formulated to counteract not only chondrodegeneration, but also the oxidative and inflammatory processes of OA. The open-label controlled study used proton NMR spectroscopy to evaluate the synovial fluid of the stifle of 10 dogs with monolateral rupture of the CCL, selected for the study based on specific inclusive criteria. The dogs were assigned randomly into two groups. Five dogs received the supra-additive chondroprotector for 60 days, starting on the day after surgery. Five dogs only underwent surgical reconstruction of the CCL. The results were analysed with the ANOVA unstructured variance matrix-covariance test. The trend over time of the synovial concentration of four metabolites (lactate, alanine, acetyl groups of N-acetylated sugars on glycoproteins and alpha-anomers of glucose) was found to differ to a statistically significant extent between the two groups, suggesting that the supra-additive chondroprotector produces an intra-articular metabolic rebalance. The results support the adjuvant use of the chondroprotector in the management of CCL rupture, in view of its control of the OA changes that accompany this orthopaedic disabling condition.

Topics: Animals; Anterior Cruciate Ligament; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; Chondroitin Sulfates; Dogs; Female; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Osteoarthritis; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Rupture; Synovial Fluid; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Chondroitin; Chondroitin Sulfates; Drug Combinations; Eye Injuries; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Intraoperative Complications; Lens Capsule, Crystalline; Phacoemulsification; Rupture

A pars plana injection of Viscoat (sodium hyaluronate 3%-chondroitin sulfate 4%) was used to stabilize and elevate a descending nucleus in 8 patients with posterior capsule rupture. The nucleus or nuclear remnants were successfully removed in all 8 patients.

Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anterior Chamber; Cataract Extraction; Chondroitin; Chondroitin Sulfates; Drug Combinations; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Injections; Intraoperative Complications; Lens Capsule, Crystalline; Lens Nucleus, Crystalline; Rupture; Visual Acuity

To explore the levels of matrix metalloprotease-3 (MMP-3), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteases-1 (TIMP-1), 5D4 keratan sulfate, and two 3B3 chondroitin-sulfate epitopes in several canine osteoarthritic and inflammatory arthropathies.. Blood and synovial fluid were obtained from 103 dogs with rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACLR), osteochondritis dissecans (OCD), fragmented coronoid process (FPC), patella luxation (PL), hip dysplasia (HD) or infectious arthritis. Dogs with non-musculosceletal disorders were used as controls. The biomarkers were measured by immunoassays.. Median levels of synovial MMP-3, TIMP-1 and molar ratios of MMP/TIMP-1 were significantly higher in the arthritis than in the control group. The release of 5D4 keratan sulfate epitope and serum 3B3 neoepitope was reduced in arthritis patients. Increases in synovial TIMP-1 in OA were less pronounced and the molar ratio of MMP-3/TIMP-1 remained far below 1.0, demonstrating a surplus of the protease inhibitor. In osteoarthritic patients median levels of synovial 5D4 keratan sulfate were up-regulated after ACLR and PL and were inversely correlated with increasing duration of lameness. Serum TIMP-1 levels were significantly reduced in the joint disorder group when compared with the control group.. Our observations present the TIMP-1 serum level as a potential marker for the detection of degenerative changes in cartilage and also indicate that in canine OA, the MMP-3 mediated matrix destruction is not of major importance. However MMP-3 seems to be a sensitive marker for the local inflammation in canine arthritis.

Topics: Animals; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; Arthritis, Infectious; Chondroitin Sulfates; Dogs; Epitopes; Hip Dysplasia, Canine; Keratan Sulfate; Matrix Metalloproteinase 3; Osteoarthritis; Osteochondritis Dissecans; Patella; Rupture; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; Ulna Fractures

To compare synovial fluid biomarkers of cartilage metabolism in joints with naturally acquired or experimentally induced cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) rupture and determine correlations with stage and severity of disease in dogs.. 95 dogs with ruptured CCL, 8 dogs with experimentally ruptured CCL, and 24 healthy dogs.. Synovial fluid was assayed for chondroitin sulfate neo-epitopes 3B3(-) and 7D4 and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) concentration. Results were correlated with demographic data, duration of lameness, radiographic osteoarthritis score, and intra-articular lesions.. The 7D4 concentrations and 7D4:GAG in synovial fluid from joints with naturally acquired CCL rupture and experimental CCL transection were similar and significantly greater than values for healthy control joints. The 3B3(-) concentrations in the CCL-deficient groups were not significantly different, although only values in the naturally acquired CCL rupture group were significantly greater than those in the healthy control group. Within the naturally acquired CCL rupture group there was a significant correlation between 3B3(-) and 7D4 concentrations. However, there were no significant correlations between biomarker concentrations and continuous demographic or disease-related variables or differences in biomarker concentrations with different categories of disease.. Synovial fluid biomarker concentrations were significantly increased in joints with secondary osteoarthritis associated with naturally acquired or experimental CCL rupture; however, lack of apparently simple relationships with demographic variables or stage or severity of disease limits their clinical usefulness.

Topics: Animals; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; Blotting, Western; Cartilage, Articular; Chondroitin Sulfates; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Epitopes; Glycosaminoglycans; Male; Osteoarthritis; Rupture; Synovial Fluid

Heparin-associated thrombocytopenia occurred in a patient during continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), resulting in repeated clotting of the extracorporeal circuit and spontaneous hemorrhage. The peripheral platelet count initially appeared to improve by changing to prostacyclin and dalteparin. However, repeated CRRT circuit clotting recurred, and the platelet count decreased once again. This time the synthetic heparinoid, Orgaran (danaparoid), was used and was associated with successful CRRT and return of the platelet count.

Topics: Adult; Anticoagulants; Chondroitin Sulfates; Dermatan Sulfate; Female; Heparin; Heparitin Sulfate; Humans; Kidney; Multiple Trauma; Platelet Count; Pregnancy; Recurrence; Renal Replacement Therapy; Rupture; Suicide, Attempted; Thrombocytopenia