chondroitin-sulfates and Periodontal-Diseases

Information of the composition and properties of osteoplastic material based on sulphated glycosammoglykans (Osteoplast-K) is given, results of the material use in cases of surgical interventions on parodontium are presented.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Chondroitin Sulfates; Dental Implantation, Subperiosteal; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Middle Aged; Periodontal Diseases; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome

The distribution of glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular matrix of human cementum was investigated in periodontally involved and periodontal disease-free teeth separated into eight different age groups (from 12 to 90 years), to investigate possible changes in the distribution of glycosaminoglycan species associated with ageing and periodontal disease. A standard indirect immunoperoxidase technique was used, with a panel of monoclonal antibodies, 2B6, 3B3, 5D4, and 7D4, that recognize epitopes in chondroitin-4-sulphate/dermatan sulphate (C-4S/DS), chondroitin-6-sulphate (C-6S), keratan sulphate (KS) and a novel sulphated chondroitin sulphate (CS) epitope, respectively. Intense positive staining for C4-S/DS was observed at the margins and lumina of almost all the lacunae and canaliculi in cellular cementum in all sections. Immunoreactivity to C6-S, KS and novel CS epitopes was limited to a proportion of lacunae and canaliculi in all sections, although C6-S and the novel CS epitopes were more widely distributed than KS. In acellular cementum, there was no demonstrable staining for any of the glycosaminoglycans except where periodontal ligament (Sharpey's) fibres insert; periodontal ligament fibres inserting in cellular cementum also demonstrated positive immunoreactivity. In addition, the cementoblasts on the outer root surface, as well as the pericellular areas around a proportion of these cells, demonstrated positive immunoreactivity. These results indicate that glycosaminoglycan species present in human cementum include C4-S, DS, C6-S, and novel sulphated CS epitopes. KS is also present in cementum but is limited to a more restricted proportion of lacunae and canaliculi. Regional differences in the distribution of glycosaminoglycans exist between the two cementum types, but no qualitative differences in that distribution were observed between the various age groups or between periodontally involved and periodontal disease-free teeth. The immunoreactivity observed in a proportion of lacunae after staining for C6-S, KS, and novel sulphated CS epitopes could suggest the existence of different cementocyte subpopulations.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Child; Chondroitin Sulfates; Coloring Agents; Dental Cementum; Dermatan Sulfate; Epitopes; Extracellular Matrix; Glycosaminoglycans; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Immunohistochemistry; Keratan Sulfate; Middle Aged; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontal Ligament; Tooth Root

Tests have been carried out to assess the level of unsaturated disaccharide isomers obtained from chondroitin sulphate in whole saliva, which contains chondroitin sulphate derived from gingival crevicular fluid (GCF).. Whole saliva was collected from periodontally diseased subjects (PDS), clinically healthy subjects (CHS) and edentulous subjects (ES). Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) were liberated by digestion with Pronase E, and precipitated with cetylpyridinium chloride and ethanol. The unsaturated disaccharides obtained by chondroitinase ACII digestion of the liberated GAG were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The unsaturated disaccharides included delta Di-0S, delta Di-6S and delta Di-4S.. Analysis of data indicated that delta Di-0S, delta Di-6S and delta Di-4S were found in all PDS samples. The amount (ng ml-1 collected whole saliva) of delta Di-0S, delta Di-6S and delta Di-4S (P < 0.01) indicated significant differences between CHS and PDS whole saliva samples. The quantities of delta Di-0S and delta Di-4S (P < 0.01) indicated significant differences between PDS and ES whole saliva. The amount of delta Di-0S (P < .05) and delta Di-6S (P < 0.01) also indicated significant differences between CHS and ES whole saliva. These results indicate that chondroitin sulphate in PDS and CHS whole saliva is representative of that previously reported in gingival crevicular fluid and so provides a useful and alternative means of assessing the role of GAG as indicators of periodontal disease.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Case-Control Studies; Chondroitin Sulfates; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disaccharides; Gingival Crevicular Fluid; Humans; Isomerism; Middle Aged; Mouth, Edentulous; Periodontal Diseases; Saliva

Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bacteria; Chondroitin Sulfates; Dental Abutments; Dental Implantation, Endosseous; Dental Implants; Denture Design; Denture, Complete, Upper; Denture, Overlay; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gingival Crevicular Fluid; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Osseointegration; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontium; Stress, Mechanical

The glycosylaminoglycan (GAG) distribution in the soft periodontal tissues of the sheep was investigated topographically in healthy tissue and the changes associated with periodontal disease determined and correlated with increasing disease severity. Total sulphated GAG content was determined spectrophotometrically and the proportions of individual GAGS measured after separation by cellulose acetate electrophoresis. In healthy tissue, total sulphated GAG distribution was found to mirror that described previously for collagen, being highest in the gum-pad region and adjacent to alveolar bone. This changed markedly in relation to periodontal disease. Early disease-related changes in GAGs were first detected adjacent to alveolar bone. In severely diseases tissue, an overall increase in sulphated GAG, particularly in the gum-pad region, was present. Increasing disease severity was accompanied by a decrease in dermatan sulphate and a concomitant increase in the proportion of chondroitin-4-sulphate. These changes may be due to the combined effects of chronic inflammation and alterations to the mechanical loading of the tissue owing to loss of attachment.

Topics: Animals; Chondroitin Sulfates; Collagen; Densitometry; Dermatan Sulfate; Electrophoresis, Cellulose Acetate; Female; Glycosaminoglycans; Heparitin Sulfate; Hyaluronic Acid; Lasers; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontium; Sheep

Topics: Chondroitin Sulfates; Electrophoresis, Cellulose Acetate; Gingival Crevicular Fluid; Gingivitis; Glycosaminoglycans; Heparitin Sulfate; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Periodontal Diseases

Topics: Adult; Bone Resorption; Chondroitin; Chondroitin Sulfates; Humans; Male; Periodontal Diseases

This study was undertaken to examine histologically, in monkeys, the sequential healing phenomena of created two-walled osseous defects, which have been corrected by purified collagen and a mixed isomer of chondroitin sulfate. Four adult rhesus monkeys were used as experimental models and provided 23 specimens, from 0 to 56 days postoperatively. Sixteen of these served as implant specimens, and seven served as control specimens in which defects were corrected by curettage only. Two types of implant materials were utilized. The implants were compatible with osteogenesis. The two implant materials themselves did not differ in the healing events.

Topics: Alveolar Process; Animals; Chondroitin; Chondroitin Sulfates; Collagen; Connective Tissue; Epithelium; Haplorhini; Macaca; Macaca mulatta; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontium; Transplantation, Heterologous; Wound Healing