chondroitin-sulfates and Overweight

The goal of the practitioner managing a patient with knee osteoarthritis (OA) is to minimize pain and optimize their function. Several noninterventional (noninjectable) therapies are available for these individuals, each having varying levels of efficacy. An individualized approach to the patient is most beneficial in individuals with knee OA and the treatment plan the practitioner chooses should be based on this principle. The focus of this article is to provide an up-to-date overview of the treatment strategies available, evidence to support them, and in whom these treatments would be most appropriate. These include exercise (aerobic and resistance), weight loss, bracing and orthotics, topical and oral analgesic medications, therapeutic modalities, and oral supplements.

Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Braces; Chondroitin Sulfates; Curcuma; Exercise Therapy; Foot Orthoses; Glucosamine; Humans; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Overweight; Resistance Training; Ultrasonic Therapy; Weight Loss

The aim of this study was to quantify the sulfated glycosaminoglycans in the endometria of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Of the 18 patients recruited for this study, 10 patients with PCOS comprised the PCOS group (PCOSG), and eight patients with regular and ovulatory menstrual cycles comprised the control group (CG). The clinical, biochemical, morphological and endometrial data from both groups were analyzed. Biopsies were performed during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle for the CG and during the persistent proliferative phase for the PCOSG (all women were amenorrheic). In the PCOSG, there was a significant increase in the endometrial concentration levels of heparan sulfate (p = 0.03), but no difference in the concentrations of chondroitin sulfate was determined between the two groups (p = 0.77). Period of time without menstruation (p = 0.001) and body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.04) correlated directly and positively with heparan sulfate concentration. There was no association between heparan sulfate levels and basal insulin values (p = 0.08). High levels of endometrial heparan sulfate in women with PCOS indicate an interference with maternal-fetal recognition, which contributes to infertility; thus, endometrial heparan sulfate may be a predictive marker of future neoplasia risk.

Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Biopsy; Body Mass Index; Brazil; Chondroitin Sulfates; Endometrial Neoplasms; Endometrium; Female; Follicular Phase; Heparitin Sulfate; Hospitals, University; Humans; Infertility, Female; Outpatient Clinics, Hospital; Overweight; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Risk; Up-Regulation; Young Adult