chondroitin-sulfates and Fever

During the asexual intra-erythrocytic cycle, Plasmodium (P.) falciparum exports parasitic proteins to the surface of infected red blood cells (iRBCs) facilitating its cytoadhesion to various endothelial host receptors. This adhesive behavior is a critical contributor towards disease manifestation. However, little is known about the influence of recurring elevated temperature - a common symptom of the malaria infection - on the adhesive properties of iRBCs to endothelial receptors. To address this, we performed dual-micropipette step-pressure technique between P. falciparum (strain FCR3CSA) iRBCs and Chinese Hamster Ovary cells expressing Chondroitin sulfate A (CHO-CSA) after transient iRBCs incubation at febrile temperatures which revealed increase in adhesion parameters. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis revealed an increase in phosphatidylserine (PS) expression on the iRBC surface following exposure to febrile temperature. The adhesion between iRBCs and CHO-CSA cells was remarkably reduced in presence of soluble Annexin V, indicating the mediation of PS on the adhesion events. Our results suggest that elevated PS recruitment on iRBC under thermally stressed conditions contributes to the increased adhesive behavior of iRBCs CSA-binding phenotype to CHO-CSA.

Topics: Animals; Cell Adhesion; CHO Cells; Chondroitin Sulfates; Cricetulus; Erythrocytes; Fever; Humans; Malaria, Falciparum; Phosphatidylserines; Plasmodium falciparum; Surface Properties; Temperature

The role of vascular endothelial (VE) components in dengue infection with plasma leakage is unknown. Therefore, we conducted a study to determine the adjusted association of the endothelial glycocalyx layer (EGL) and tight and adherens junction markers with plasma leakage.. A prospective observational study was conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital and Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. Adult dengue patients admitted to the hospital on the third day of fever from November 2013 through August 2015 were included in the study. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the adjusted association of the VE biomarkers with the severity of the plasma leakage.. A total of 103 dengue-infected patients participated in the study. In the critical phase, levels of syndecan-1 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.004; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.001-1.007) and chondroitin sulfate (OR = 1.157; 95% CI = 1.025-1.307) had an adjusted association with plasma leakage, whereas levels of syndecan-1 (OR = 1.004; 95% CI = 1.000-1.008) and claudin-5 (OR = 1.038; 95% CI = 1.004-1.074) had an adjusted association with severe plasma leakage.. In dengue-infected patients, elevated levels of syndecan-1 and chondroitin sulfate are strongly associated with plasma leakage, and elevated levels of syndecan-1 and claudin-5 are strongly associated with severe plasma leakage.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Biomarkers; Capillary Permeability; Chemokines; Chondroitin Sulfates; Claudin-5; Dengue; Endothelium, Vascular; Female; Fever; Glycocalyx; Humans; Indonesia; Male; Odds Ratio; Prospective Studies; Regression Analysis; Syndecan-1; Tight Junctions; Young Adult