chondroitin-sulfates and Bone-Neoplasms

Topics: Animals; Bone Neoplasms; Cattle; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Chondroitin Sulfates; Chondrosarcoma; DNA, Neoplasm; Female; Humans; Hyalin; Hyaluronic Acid; Microscopy, Electron; Neoplasm Proteins; Protein Conformation; Proteoglycans

Topics: Adult; Autografts; Bone Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Chondroitin Sulfates; Humans; Hydroxyapatites; Liposarcoma; Male; Middle Aged; Nitrogen; Osteosarcoma; Succinates; Tibia; Ulna

This study assessed the mid- to long-term outcomes of calcium phosphate cement (CPC) implantation in benign bone tumor surgery.. Between 2000 and 2015, 130 patients underwent CPC implantation in benign bone tumor surgery. Radiographic findings and clinical outcomes were retrospectively evaluated.. The mean follow-up period was 52 months. CPC filling immediately after surgery was sufficient, regardless of the amount of CPC used and the usage of adjuvant substances, which resulted in 92% of the patients' radiological results being classified as good or excellent. Significantly more patients had better CPC filling among patients with less hemorrhage and patients with tourniquet. The number of patients with good or excellent CPC filling had significantly increased by the final follow-up.. CPC is a useful bone substitute for benign bone tumor surgery providing excellent osteoconductivity and long-lasting stability without internal fixation.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bone Cements; Bone Neoplasms; Bone Substitutes; Calcium Phosphates; Child; Chondroitin Sulfates; Female; Humans; Hydroxyapatites; Male; Middle Aged; Orthopedic Procedures; Retrospective Studies; Succinates; Young Adult

Polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) coatings on biomaterials are applied to tailor adhesion, growth, and function of cells on biomedical implants. Here, biogenic and synthetic polyelectrolytes (PEL) are used for layer-by-layer assembly to study the osteogenic activity of PEM with human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells in a comparative manner. Formation of PEM is achieved with biogenic PEL fibrinogen (FBG) and poly-l-lysine (PLL) as well as biotinylated chondroitin sulfate (BCS) and avidin (AVI), while poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) represent a fully synthetic PEM used as a reference system here. Surface plasmon resonance measurements show highest layer mass for FBG/PLL and similar for PSS/PAH and BCS/AVI systems, while water contact angle and zeta potential measurements indicate larger differences for PSS/PAH and FBG/PLL but not for BCS/AVI multilayers. All PEM systems support cell adhesion and growth and promote osteogenic differentiation as well. However, FBG/PLL layers are superior regarding MG-63 cell adhesion during short-term culture, while the BCS/AVI system increases alkaline phosphatase activity in long-term culture. Particularly, a multilayer system based on affinity interaction like BCS/AVI may be useful for controlled presentation of biotinylated growth factors to promote growth and differentiation of cells for biomedical applications.

Topics: Avidin; Bone Neoplasms; Cell Line, Tumor; Chondroitin Sulfates; Fibrinogen; Humans; Osteogenesis; Osteosarcoma; Polyamines; Polyelectrolytes; Polylysine

Currently, serum biomarkers play an important role as sensitive tools for monitoring the cancer development and progression. Each biomarker represents a specific pathogenesis and has different predictive capability. In order to identify their characteristics in human osteosarcoma, multiple potential biomarkers were analyzed simultaneously with clinical presentations.. Blood samples were collected from 28 osteosarcoma patients and 30 healthy matched controls. Specific clinical presentations were recorded, including: tumor volume, estimated based on three-dimensional MRI volumetric measurement; metastasis status; and histological cell types. Serum biomarkers analyzed by ELISA-based assays were bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hyaluronic acid (HA) and chondroitin sulfate WF6 (WF6). Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was analyzed by a photometric-based system.. Serum BALP, LDH and WF6 levels of osteosarcoma patients were significantly higher than those of healthy controls, whereas HA and VEGF levels were not significantly different between the two groups. Serum BALP and LDH were positively correlated with tumor volume, (correlation coefficients 0.5 and 0.4, respectively). Serum BALP from metastasis and osteoblastic subtype group had a significantly higher level than that found in non-metastasis and non-osteoblastic subtypes group, respectively. Upon multivariate analysis, tumor volume was the only factor which correlated with BALP levels.. Of the biomarkers analyzed in this study, serum BALP was the most reliable and sensitive for estimating tumor volume. A high level of serum WF6 reflects alteration of the extracellular matrix component of tumors. Both serum biomarkers can be expected to be further explored for use in specific clinical monitoring.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Biomarkers, Tumor; Bone Neoplasms; Case-Control Studies; Child; Chondroitin Sulfates; Female; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Middle Aged; Osteosarcoma; Tumor Burden; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; Young Adult

The present study addresses clinical problems associated with the degeneration of articular cartilage, which occurs when heat-treated bone with articular cartilage is used for re-implantation after resection of malignant bone tumors adjacent to the joints. We therefore evaluated the effect of transplantation of chondrocytes embedded in collagen gel on the surface of heat-treated bone. A cylindrical complex of bone and articular cartilage 6 mm in diameter was resected from rabbits' patellar grooves and treated in saline at 60 degrees C for 30 min. In Group A, articular cartilage was resected from the complex and the remaining bone was returned to the patellar groove. Then, autologous chondrocytes cultured in collagen gel were transplanted and covered with periosteum. As controls, the original complex of heat-treated bone and articular cartilage (Group B) and heat-treated bone directly covered with periosteum (Group C) was returned to the patellar groove. In Group A, histological study showed that round cells were mainly observed and the matrix was well stained with Safranin O in the repair tissue after 24 weeks. The repair tissue was as thick as the adjacent normal cartilage. Immunohistological study detected type-II collagen and chondroitin-6-sulphate (3B3+) in the matrix of the repair tissue, but not type-I collagen. The repair tissue was consequently cartilaginous in Group A. The repair tissue was not cartilaginous or was degenerative in the control groups. We believe that this modality of heat-treated joints will contribute to limb salvage reconstruction after resection of malignant bone tumors adjacent to the joints.

Topics: Animals; Bone Neoplasms; Cartilage, Articular; Cells, Cultured; Chondrocytes; Chondroitin Sulfates; Collagen Type I; Collagen Type II; Hot Temperature; Immunohistochemistry; Rabbits

Viscous material secreted from NMSG 10 cells cultured from malignant fibrous histiocytoma of human bone was demonstrated using two-dimensional electrophoresis to be glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) consisting of mainly hyaluronic acid (HA), along with small amounts of heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate (ChS). The biosynthesis of HA in a cell-free system was located at the plasma membrane fraction by colloidal-iron-reactive ultrastructural staining. The molecular weight of the HA synthesized by the plasma membrane fraction was estimated to be about 90,000 D by gel filtration. The material secreted by the original tumor tissue of NMSG 10 cells was demonstrated to be GAGs consisting of HA, HS, ChS and dermatan sulfate using two-dimensional electrophoresis. These findings suggest that transformed tumor cells could synthesize HA at the plasma membrane and release it into the stroma of tumor tissue.

Topics: Alcian Blue; Bone Neoplasms; Cell Membrane; Cell-Free System; Chondroitin Sulfates; Dermatan Sulfate; Heparitin Sulfate; Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Hyaluronoglucosaminidase; Staining and Labeling; Tumor Cells, Cultured

In order to analyze the mucoid substance in the epithelial component of synovial sarcoma, electron microscopic and cytochemical studies were made on three of these neoplasms. The mucoid substances in the glandular lumen were intensely stained with ruthenium red (RR), appearing as granular, fibrillar and amorphous structures. RR staining of proteoglycans was diminished after treatment with chondroitinase AC or ABC, and was partially diminished by exposure to streptomyces hyaluronidase. Trypsin treatment did not affect RR staining of proteoglycans in the lumen. On thin sections stained with periodic acid-thiocarbo-hydrazide-silver proteinate (PA-TCH-SP), deposits of reaction product were observed on the mucoid substances within the lumen, and were localized in the Golgi complex, including the rough endoplasmic reticulum, small vesicle and lysosome-like dense body. Trypsin digestion decreased the stain intensity of PA-TCH-SP. These results indicate that the lumen of the gland-like component contains glycoproteins as well as proteoglycans mainly consisting of chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid, and suggest that GERL (Novikoff) is closely related to production, storage and transport of glycoproteins in the cytoplasm of tumor cells.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Bone Neoplasms; Chondroitin Sulfates; Epithelium; Female; Glycoproteins; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Proteoglycans; Sarcoma; Synovial Membrane

The present investigation endeavors to characterize the mucosubstance content of 170 myxoid and chondromatous tumors and chordomas by histochemical methods. The results obtained using the critical electrolyte concentration (CEC) method as introduced by Scott and co-workers23,24 were compared with those obtained by staining with alcian blue and toluidine blue at different pH's with and without pretreatment with bovine testicular hyaluronidase. Tissues known biochemically to contain different heteroglycans were used as controls: synovial fluid and cock's comb (hyaluronic acid) stained with alcian blue up to a MgCl2 concentration of 0.1 M; fetal cartilage (chondroitin 4- and 6-sulphate) pulposus with notochordal remnants (keratan sulphate) up 10 1.0 M. The staining reaction of intramuscular myxoma and myxoid liposarcoma corresponded to that of synovial fluid and cock's comb (containing hyaluronic acid). Benign chondromatous tumors (osteochondroma, enchondroma, extraskeletal chondroma, chondromatosis in bursae, synovia, and tendon) as well as well-differentiated chondrosarcomas had a similar staining reaction to that of adult cartilage (containing keratan sulphate). However, the intensity of the reaction was lower in these tumors than in the adult cartilage, indicating that the keratan sulphate content of the tumors is lower. Most of the moderately well-differentiated chondrosarcomas, the poorly differentiated chondrosarcomas, and pulmonary metastases of chondrosarcoma, as well as mesenchymal chondrosarcoma and extra-skeletal chondrosarcoma possessed the same staining properties as fetal cartilage, known to contain chondroitin 4- and 6-sulphate but not keratan sulphate. A few of the moderately well-differentiated chondrosarcomas stained up to a MgCl2 concentration of 1.0 M. Three cases of poorly differentiated chondrosarcomas stained with alcian blue up to 0.35-0.45 M in the lowest differentiated areas, indicating the presence of sulphated heteroglycans, as chondroitin 4- and 6-sulphate. Most chordomas possessed the same staining properties as fetal cartilage; however, a few chordomas stained in the same way as notochordal remnants of nucleus pulposus (containing keratan sulphate), which are thought to be the origin of these tumors. The results of staining of the tumors in the present series with the Scott technique corresponds well with toluidine blue and alcian blue at different pH's with and without pretreatment of the sections with testicular hyaluronidas

Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcian Blue; Bone Neoplasms; Child; Chondroitin Sulfates; Chondroma; Chondrosarcoma; Chordoma; Glycosaminoglycans; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Hyaluronoglucosaminidase; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Keratan Sulfate; Liposarcoma; Myxoma; Osmolar Concentration; Soft Tissue Neoplasms; Tolonium Chloride