chondroitin and Arthritis

Topics: Arthritis; Chondroitin; Common Cold; Consumer Product Safety; Dietary Supplements; Evidence-Based Medicine; Fish Oils; Garlic; Glucosamine; Glycine max; Heart Diseases; Humans; Hypertension; Menopause; Neoplasms; Phytotherapy; Research Design; Tea; Zinc Compounds

Topics: Arachnodactyly; Arteriosclerosis; Arthritis; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biochemical Phenomena; Biochemistry; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Chondroitin; Connective Tissue; Eye Diseases; Glycosaminoglycans; Heparin; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Marfan Syndrome; Mucopolysaccharidosis I; Myxedema; Osteochondrodysplasias; Pathology

The investigation was conducted on client-owned moderately arthritic dogs with two objectives: (i) to evaluate therapeutic efficacy of type-II collagen (UC-II) alone or in combination with glucosamine hydrochloride (GLU) and chondroitin sulphate (CHO), and (ii) to determine their tolerability and safety. Dogs in four groups (n = 7-10), were treated daily for a period of 150 days with placebo (Group-I), 10 mg active UC-II (Group-II), 2000 mg GLU + 1600 mg CHO (Group-III), and UC-II + GLU + CHO (Group-IV). On a monthly basis, dogs were evaluated for observational pain (overall pain, pain upon limb manipulation, and pain after physical exertion) using different numeric scales. Pain level was also measured objectively using piezoelectric sensor-based GFP for peak vertical force and impulse area. Dogs were also examined every month for physical, hepatic (ALP, ALT and bilirubin) and renal (BUN and creatinine) functions. Based on observations, significant (p < 0.05) reduction in pain was noted in Group-II, III, and IV dogs. Using GFP, significant increases in peak vertical force (N/kg body wt) and impulse area (N s/kg body wt), indicative of a decrease in arthritis associated pain, were observed in Group-II dogs only. None of the dogs in any group showed changes in physical, hepatic or renal functions. In conclusion, based on GFP data, moderately arthritic dogs treated with UC-II (10 mg) showed a marked reduction in arthritic pain with maximum improvement by day 150. UC-II, GLU and CHO operate through different mechanisms of action, and were well tolerated over a period of 150 days.

Topics: Animals; Arthritis; Biomechanical Phenomena; Chondroitin; Collagen Type II; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Administration Schedule; Glucosamine; Lameness, Animal; Pain

Topics: Acetaminophen; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis; Arthroscopy; Chondroitin; Complementary Therapies; Cortisone; Exercise; Glucosamine; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Pain Management

Topics: Arthritis; Chondroitin; Dietary Supplements; Drug Contamination; Glucosamine; Humans

Topics: Arthritis; Chondroitin; Dietary Supplements; Glucosamine; Humans

Receptors to sulphated polysaccharides have recently been discovered on "free" joint fluid cells and synovial membrane cells in the normal joint. A search for these receptors on cells was made in rabbits with acute and chronic adjuvant inflammatory arthritis in an attempt to further elucidate their role in joint homeostasis. These experiments demonstrated a significant increase in cell numbers within the joint. Receptor activity was most marked on macrophages found free within the synovial fluid. It is postulated that exogenous cells may be important in the process of joint destruction and are outside the control of the normal joint regulatory mechanisms. The endogenous cell population, which exhibits receptor activity, may be responding to the process of joint destruction by proliferation as a secondary phenomenon.

Topics: Animals; Arthritis; Chondroitin; Heparin; Hyaluronic Acid; Rabbits; Receptors, Cell Surface; Rosette Formation; Synovial Fluid; Synovial Membrane

Persistent effects of a short course of intra-articular dextran sulphate, dextrans, or chondroitin sulphate were examined in rabbit knees. Only dextran sulphate produced gross arthritis, associated with high synovial acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase activities. Synovial degradative capacity in synovium-cartilage cocultures was increased 2-fold by dextran sulphate and 1.5-fold by chondroitin sulphate treatments. Stimulation of cartilage breakdown in vitro paralleled the content of synovial marker enzyme at death of the animal, but the 2 responses could be dissociated.

Topics: Animals; Arthritis; Cartilage, Articular; Chondroitin; Chondroitin Sulfates; Culture Techniques; Dextrans; Knee Joint; Proteoglycans; Rabbits; Sulfates; Synovial Membrane

The structure of chondroitin sulfates and proteoglycans extracted from human normal young and adult cartilages and also from human arthrosic cartilages are reported. The adult articular cartilage contains almost exclusively chondroitin 6-sulfate, whereas the normal young and the arthrosic cartilage chondroitin sulfates are hybrid polymers, containing 4-sulfated and 6-sulfated disaccharide units, distributed in a quite random way along the molecules. The young cartilage proteoglycans also differ from the adult cartilage proteoglycans by their contents of keratan sulfate, the relative proportion of nonaggregating proteoglycans and electrophoretic migration in agarose gel slabs. The proteoglycans from arthrosic cartilages are very similar to those from young normal cartilages. Such changes in composition could lead to alterations in the proportion and size of the aggregates they form in the cartilages, furnishing the conditions for the processes of growth and calcification to occur.

Topics: Arthritis; Cartilage; Chondroitin; Chondroitin Sulfates; Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; Humans; Infant; Middle Aged; Proteoglycans

Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Ankle Joint; Arthritis; Cartilage, Articular; Chlorides; Chondroitin; Coloring Agents; Female; Fluorescent Dyes; Galactose; Glucosamine; Glycosaminoglycans; Hip Joint; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Knee Joint; Magnesium; Male; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Polysaccharides; Staining and Labeling; Sulfates

Topics: Arthritis; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cartilage; Chondroitin; Drug Therapy; Glycosaminoglycans; Humans; Injections; Injections, Intra-Articular; Osteoarthritis; Sulfates

Topics: Animals; Arthritis; Cartilage, Articular; Chondroitin; Collagen; Cortisone; Dogs; Female; Hexosamines; Hydroxyproline; Knee Joint; Male; Plasminogen; Staphylococcal Infections; Sulfates

Topics: Antimetabolites; Arthritis; Capillary Permeability; Cell Division; Chondroitin; Drug Therapy; Enzyme Inhibitors; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Keratosis; Keratosis, Actinic; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Psoriasis; Skin; Uracil Nucleotides

Topics: Arthritis; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Blood Proteins; Chondroitin; Chondroitin Sulfates; Humans; Lipids; Serum Globulins

Topics: Antibodies; Antigens; Arthritis; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chondroitin; Chondroitin Sulfates; Humans; Streptococcus